US742868A - Fire-resisting window. - Google Patents

Description

No. 742,868. PATENTED NOV. 3, 1903.

- f G. HAYES. FIRE RBSISTING WINDOW.

I. APPLICATION FILED APR. 29. 1902.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

192566375: 7 y I //7 yen/0r u: uonms Prrcns co, (noun-10.. wAsmNcTuN n c PATENTED NOV. 3, 1903.

' G. HAYES. FIRE RBSISTING WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented November 3, 19036 ATENT FFICE.

GEORGE HAYES, OF MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 742,868, dated November 3, 1903.

Application filed April 2 9, 1 9 0 2.

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HAYES, a resident of the city of Mount Vernon, county of W'estchester, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Fire-Resisting Windows, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a means whereby the sashes in a tire-proof window shall automatically close when a fire ocours in the building in which it is placed or in an adjoining building, whether the sashes be hung to raise and lower vertically or to swing upon pivots.

My invention consists in joining the weightcords of the lower sash of an ordinary window to that sash by a fusible connection and in attaching a counterbalance-weight to the upper sash of the same window by a fusible connection, so that upon exposure of the window to dangerously-abnormalheat theweightcords will separate from the lower sash and the counterbalance from the upper sash, thus insuring the closing of the window if either or both of the sashes be in an opened state, as hereinafter to be described.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein the same letters represent always the same parts, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the right side of an ordinary upper and lower sash window, showing the frame, lower sash, one cord and weight of the lower sash, the sash-cord pulley, and the fusible connections by which the sash and cord are joined. Fig. 2 is a perspective of the cleat by which the cord is joined to the lower sash. Fig. 3 is a perspective of the right-hand side and edge of the lower sash-frame, showing also the cleat and cord. Fig. -i is a side elevation of a pivot-window. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the right side of an ordinary upper and lower sash window, showing the frame, upper sash, one cord and weight of the upper sash, the counterbalanceweight, and its fusible connections to the upper sash; and Fig. 6 is a modification of the handle-bar shown in the fourth figure.

A is the frame of an ordinary upper and lower sash window. B is the'lower and O the upper sash of such a window. D represents the glazing of those sashes. The cord a of the lower sash passes over the pulley 1) Serial No- 105,245. (No modelin the usual manner and has the sash-Weight c at its end within the box at of the frame.

E is a three-side sheet-metal cleat fitted to the edge or stile of the lower sash and overlapping the front and rear surfaces of the side of the lower sash. This cleat has an inwardly-directed plane e, provided with a hole ffor the passage of the sash end of the cord a to be knotted or secured after it has traversed the hole, so that it may not be pulled away from the cleat by the sash-weight. The cleat E is fastened to'the sash B by solder soluble under a dangerous degree of heat, and to give the attachment the necessary endurance for ordinary wear and tear of the window I propose in practice to strengthen the attachment by soluble-metal dowels g, inserted in the fabric of the sash through holes h in the wing sides of the cleat. Thoughl have described but one side of the lower sash, any builder will know that the construction and arrangement are duplicated on the other side.

If proper care and judgment be used in making the attachments of the cleat -t0 the window-sash solubly responsive to abnormal heat, it is evidentthat under the contemplated conditions the cleat will separate from the sash and the latter fall to the desired state of closure. So long as the cord at of the lower sash is passed through the hole fof the inwardly-directed plane a of the cleat and fastened to the'cleat and not to the sash it is immaterial whether the side Wings of the cleat be applied upon the faces of the sash-stile or be let into the faces and be flush with them for a better finish, because if those side wings be properly recessed into the stile for the sake of appearance the melting of the fusible fastening of the cleat and the weight of the then unrestrained sash will insure the closing of the sash.

Without departure from the scope of the invention I may fix the cleat upon any suitable and convenient part of the sash and may omit either or both of the Wing sides of it and may use two or more of the planes or insets if a strong attachment of the weight-cord to the cleat is particularly necessary. The invention in this part consists in separating the cord of the lower sash and fastening it to a cleat attached to the sash by material soluble under a dangerous degree of heat, so that under such a heat the cleat will break away from the sash and deprive it of the balancing of its sash-weight.

The upper sash O has its cord 70, its pulley Z, and its sash-weight m; but the latter is an overbalance. To counteract the overpull of the pair of sash-weights belonging to the upper sash, a weight-bar F is fixed to or inserted in the top or bottom rail of the sash or anywhere else upon or within the sash where it may be convenient and suitable to locate it. The attachment of bar to sash is by straps n, themselves soluble under an abnormal degree of heat, or the attachment is made to the sash by solder soluble under such a heat. l/Vhen exposed to dangerous heat, the straps or fastenings will give way and let the bar fall down or out, and the sash will at once close.

G is the frame of a pivot-window; H, its single sash; I, its glazing-work, and 0 its horizontal pivots, preferably placed above the center line, so that normally the sash would close by gravity. Such a Window is habitually opened from the inside by pushing forward a handle-bar K, provided with a line of holes or socketsp to catch on a pin 0", projected from abracket L, attached to the window-frame, so that the window may be opened much or little, as desired. This bracketI attach to the window-frame G by solder or by a headed dowel s, passing through a hole t in the bracket into the fabric of the window-frame. The solder or dowel, as the case may be, is soluble when exposed to abnormal heat, so that the bracket would fall away under such an exposure and the window would then close automatically.

While awaiting the casualty against which it is provided, the bracket L would sufferv considerable strain from the preponderance of the lower over the upper section of the sash O and the consequent tendency of the sash to swing back into a closed position. This strain I relieve by attaching the weight-bar F to the upper part of the present sash, substantially as I attach it to the upper sash of an ordinary two-sash window. It will fall away from the sash by the melting of its fastenings under abnormal heat exposure, and therefore will not in the least impair the automatic closing of the sash in the anticipated time of emergency.

Instead of making the bracket L detachable under the effect of abnormal heat I have an alternative way of automatically closing the pivoted sash. I divide the handle-bar K into a sash-section u and a hand-section w and rigidly unite the sections by a fusible sleeve M, which may be segmental, so as to be no more than a plate fitted to the handle-bar sections at any part of their circumference 0r cross-outline. In practice I prefer to round the contact-tips c of the bar-sections, because that will hasten their separation when the fusible sleeve or plate begins to give way.

Any person skilled in fireproof building construction will know how to select or determine fastenings of the proper degree of fusibility for the cleat of the lower sash, the counterbalance of the upper sash, and the bracket or handle-bar and the counterbalance of the pivot-sash, all according to the circumstances of the particular structure.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim the following:

1. The combination of a window-frame, a downwardly-closing sash therein, a cleat attached to said sash and having an orificed inset adapted to. receive and hold one end of an ordinary sash-weight cord, a cord attached at one end to said cleat, a pulley attached to the frame and adapted to the passage over it of said cord, a balance-weight attached to the other end of said cord, and a heat-soluble fastenin g adapted to detachably attach said cleat to said sash; all substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination of the frame and sashes of an ordinary upper and lower sliding-sash window, a cleat attached to the lower sash and having an orificed inset adapted to receive and hold one end of an ordinary sashweight cord, a cord attached at one endto said cleat, a pulley attached to the frame and adapted to the passage over it of said cord, a weight attached to the other 'end of said cord, a heat-soluble fastening adapted to detachably attach said cleat to said lower sash, an ordinary sash -weight cord attached at one end to the upper sash, a pulley attached to the frame and adapted to the passage over it of said last-named cord, a weight attached to the other end of said last-named cord, a counterbalance attached to said upper sash, and a heat-soluble fastening adapted to detachably attach said counterbalance to said sash; all substantially as and for the purposes described.

GEO. HAYES.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR .HAYEs, THOMAS J. DORAN.

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