US575560A - Carbureted-water-gas apparatus - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

' W. R. ADDIGKS v G ARBURETED WATER GAS APPARATUS. NO. 575,560. Patented Jan. 19, 1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEETQE.

W'ALTER R. ADDICKS, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

CARBURETED-WATER-GAS APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming pa] 1: of Letters Patent No. 575,560, dated January 19, 1897. Application filed November 15, 1895 Serial No. 569,040. (No model.)

To all whom it nzay concern.-

Be it known that I, WALTER R. ADDICKS, a citizen of the United States,residin g in Brookline, county of Norfolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Garbureted-WVater-Gas Apparatus, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings,is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water -gas; and one feature of this invention consists in a novel construction and arrangement of apparatus by which the carbureted water-gas may be made after a manner as will be described. In accordance with this feature of the present invention the producer or gas-generator is connected to a structure having at its upper portion a hydrocarbon vaporizing and mixing chamber and at its lower portion a fixingchamber, whereby the heavier hydrocarbons in the miXingchamber may gravitate from said chamber and be subjected in the presence of the water-gas to a higher temperature than in the mixing-chamber, thereby utilizing these heavier hydrocarbons in the man ufacture of fixed carbureted water-gas. The structure below the bottom of the mixingchamber may and preferably will be subdivided by an open wall or arch to form a chamber intermediate of the mixing-chamber and the fixing-chamber, which intermediate chamber is directly connected to the gas-generator. The producer or gas-generator is connected to the intermediate chamber referred to in a novel manner, as will be described, to permit of expansion and contraction of the generator and intermediate chamber without destroying the said connection.

Another feature of this invention consists in providing the fixing-chamber with independent gas-outlets and connectinga boiler or other heating apparatus with one of said gasoutlets, so that normally the gases and products of combustion may be passed through the said boiler and be thereby utilized, and so that the said boiler may be quickly and easily out off or disconnected from the fixing-chamber to enable it to be repaired or used alone for other purposes without interfering with the manufacture of the carbureted Water-gas,

which in this instance passes from the fixingchamber through the other of the said gasoutlets.

The invention consists in a novel construction, as will be described, whereby danger of explosion is obviated or reduced to a minimum.

The construction of the fixing-cl1amber,the intermediate chamber, and the mixing-chamber in one structure and the connection of the producer or gas-generator to the intermediate chamber permits of the use of apparatus for handling the coal and ashes with increased facility, as will be hereinafter described. These and other featuresof this invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents in section and elevation, partially broken out,a carbureted water gas manufacturing plant or apparatus embodying this invention; and Fig. 2 a detail in elevation of the producer or generator shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. l, A A A represent the walls of a building or structure provided with a roof A and within which is located a carbureted water gas manufacturing plant orapparatus embodying this invention. This plant or apparatus consists, essentially, of a water-gas producer or generator at, anda single structure comprising at least two, and preferably three, chambersviz., a mixingchamber a, located at the top of the structure and in which the water-gas is enriched by hydrocarbons, either light or heavy oils; a chamber o in which the mixture of watergas and hydrocarbons is subjected to preferably a medium temperature, which chamber will be hereinafter referred to as the intermediate chamber, and a fixing-chamber a, in which the water-gas is fixed or rendered permanent for normal temperatures and piessures.

The fixing-chamber ed, the intermediate chamber a and the mixing-chamber a, are divided from one another, as herein shown, by open arches or perforated walls a a which may be of fire-brick and of any suitable constrnction or form, the arch a dividing the fixing-chamber from the intermediate chamber and the arch a dividing the intermediate chamber from the mixing-chamber.

The intermediate chamber and the fixingchamber contain fire-brick or other refractory material, and for the best results the mixingchamber also contains refractory and preferably non-absorbing material, such as bricks composed of plumbago, soapstone, a sandcore a and a metal jacket a or a crucible jacket and a metal core.

The intermediate chamber a has connected to it the gas-generator or producer a, of any suitable or usual construction, preferably by an expansible joint or pipe connection, preferably consisting of a pipe-section (t ,connected to the producer or generator, a pipe-section a, communicating with the intermediate chamber (4 and an intermediate corrugated pipeseetion e connected to a valve casing or fitting provided with a seat for a valve a, loeated therein, the said valve having its stem a extended through a removable cap on the valve-fitting, and in the present instance the said valve is shown as connected to a lever a, to which is attached an o 'ierating-rod a These pipe-sections may be lined with firebrick where required and which is not herein shown. The generator or producer (t also communicates with the vaporizing and mixing chamber a, preferably by two pipes a a, provided with valves (L22 (W, (see Fig. 2,) the pipe e connecting the generator at one end of the fuel therein, herein shown as the upper end, with the vaporizing and mixing chamber, and the pipe e eon nectin g the other end or lower portion of the generator below the usual grate-bars therein with the said vaporizing and mixing chamber,whereby the water-gas generated by passing steam through the generator in opposite directions may be admitted into the hydrocarbon vaporizing and mixing chamber a. The mixingchamber a has comm unieating with it an oilsupply pipe u"",con trolled by a suitable valve, which may be operated by a lever a and a rod (0.

The fixing-chamber a may and preferably will be provided with a plurality of gas-outlets, and one of the said outlets, as Z), leads from the bottom of the fixing-chamber a to the ash-pit chamber or space I) of a boiler or steam-generator Z1 which latter is shown as a lire-tube boiler but which may be of any desired or suitable type and which may be provided with the usual grate-bars.

One of the features of this invention consists in enabling the boiler Z) to be disconnected or cut olt from the gas producing and fixing portion of the apparatus, so that the boiler may be used after the mannerof an ordinary boiler without interfering with the man ufacture of the carburetcd water'gas. This result is effected in part, preferably, by extending the gas-outlet pipe (I into the space I) of the boiler and providing the said pipe with a cap or cover 1), (represented by dotted lines, Fig. 1,) and which is normallyremoved from the pipe I) when the said boileris coupled to the fixing-chamber, but which, when the boiler is disconnected from the fixing-chamber, is secured gas-tight to the pipe 0. The cap or cover b in practice maybe secured, as by threaded bolts or screws 1)", to a flange b on the pipe b. Furthermore, this mannerof connecting the boiler b with the gas produc ing and fixing apparatus enables the boiler to be located on a level or substantially on a level. with the fixing-chamber a, which latter in Fig. 1 is represented on the floor-line, while the producer or generator a is represented as supported upon a platform Z), resting upon columns '0 The pipe Z) is provided with a valve 12 to promptly cut 01f the boiler while the permanently-tight cap is being adjusted.

The boiler I) has preferably connected to it a feed-water heater b, of any usual or suitable construction, the said feed-water heater communicating with the boiler, so that the gases may pass from the boiler through the feed-water heater and may pass out from the feed-water heater through the pipe 1)" into a gas-tight fitting D which communicates by pipe 11 with the hydraulic main 1), herein represented as supported upon a bracket 1), attached to the partition-wall A.

The boiler 12 is connected to the generator orproducer for the admission of steam therein by the pipe Zr and branch pipes Z) I), communicating with the generator at the opposite ends of the fuel therein, and provided, respectively, with the valves li b, by which the admission of steam to the said generator may be controlled.

The hydraulic main 1: may be connected by a gas-outlet pipe I) with a condenser [1 of any usual or suitable construction, having a gas-outlet pipe I) at its lower end, which may communicate with the usual scrubbers, purifiers, &c,

The fitting or valve-casing 71 may be provided with a port or opening 11 which communicates with the atmosphere through a pipe orstack L fitted substantially air-tight into the 'alve'casing b the said pipe being represented as extended through the roof A" of the gas-house or building.

The portor opening U of the valve casin g or fitting If is adapted to be opened and closed by a valve Z1 (represented in the present instance as a disk valve,) located within the pipe or stack U and resting upon an annular flange I) on the interior of the valve fitting or casin g Z2 which forms a seat for the said valve, the latter, as represented, being provided with a stem 1), which is extended through the valve-fitting and is adapted to be operated from the platform Z) by a rod If, connected to an elbow-lever I), having one arm in engagement with the collars b D on the valvestem Z), the elbow-lever Z9 being represented in Fig. 1 as pivoted to a bracket or arm U depending from the valve-casing Z1 The valve-casing Z1 is preferablyprovided with a small port or opening I), through which gas may issue, the said gas in practice being designed to be maintained lighted when combustible gases issue therefrom, as a guide for the workmen operating the gas-manufacturing apparatus. The Valve-casing Z1 is also preferably provided with a second port or opening Z9 which in practice communicates with a steam-supply, which may be the boiler b bya suitable pipe, (not herein shown,) the purpose of the steam supplied to the valvecasing Z9 being to kill any tendency of combustion of the gases in the pipe Z2 and thereby preventing explosions during the operation of the apparatus.

In order that the boiler b may be cut off from the fixing-chamber without interrupting the process of manufacture of the carbureted water-gas, the said fixing-chamber maybe provided with a gas-outlet pipe 0, communicating with the fixing-chamber a near the bottom of the same, and preferably extended up to near the stack a, which communicates with the atmosphere, the said gasoutlet pipe being provided with a valve adapted to be operated by the rod 0 from the platform I).

The pipe 0 near its upper end may be connected by a branch pipe 0 with the hydraulic main h and the said branch pipe may be provided with a cut-off valve 0 which may be of any desired or suitable construction. The gas-outlet pipe 0 may include as a part of it a valve casing or fitting 0 provided with a port-opening c controlled by the valve 0 which may be similar in construction to the valve b, and which is adapted to be operated from the platform 19 by the rod 0 connected to the lever 0 which is adapted to engage collars e 0 on the valve-stem 0 the said valve being normally seated, as represented in Fig. 1, to cut off communication between the pipe 0 and the fixing-chamber a when the boiler b is connected to the fixing-chamber for the passage of the gases through it.

The fixing-chamber a may and preferably will have communicatingwith it an auxiliary hydraulic main c herein shown as connected to the valve-casing c by a pipe 0 provided with a valve 0 for a purpose as will be described.

The gas-generator a and the fixing-chamber a may be supplied with air by means of an air-supply pipe d, which may pass through a steam-box or blast-heater d,(represented as supported upon a bracket (1 secured to the wall A,the said air-supply pipe being in practice connected to a suitable air-forcing apparatus. (Not herein shown.) The air-supply pipe (1 is represented as communicating directly with the gas-generator a and as communicating with the fixing-chamber a by a branch pipe (1 and as communicating with the chamber 1) of the boiler 17 by the branch pipe (J and the said air-supply pipe may also be connected to the intermediate chamber by a pipe (Z for cleaning purposes, the pipe 01 being provided with a valve 01. The admission of air into the generator a may be controlled by the valve d in the supply-pipe d, and into the chamber a and the boiler b by the valves 61 d in the branch pipes d (F, these valves being adapted to be operated from. the platform I) by the levers (Z (Z 61 respectively.

The gas-generator a is provided with the usual doors (Z and with the fuel-inlet d.

The operation of the apparatus herein shown may be briefly described as follows:

The condition of the apparatus at the moment previous to starting is as follows: The air-blast valves d d d are closed, the valves 0 LL23 closed, the steam-valves b I) closed, the 0il-controlling valve a closed, the

valves 0 0 closed, the valve (J open, thevalve a open, the cap or cover 6 removed, and the door d of the producer open. Combustion is started within the producer a and is carried on by natural draft, the products passing from the producer or generator at through the pipes a a into the intermediate chamber a and from the intermediate chamber the products pass down through the fixing-chamber a and the pipe I) into the boiler 12 thence through the boiler, feedwater heater b and pipe 19 into the valve-casin g 12 from which the products pass through the port 19 into the stack or pipe 19 and thence to the atmosphere. After the coal in the generator or producer a has been brought to an incandescent state and the refractory material in the intermediate chamber a and fixing-chamber a has been brought to an appropriate temperature by natural draft the door (Z of the generator is closed and the blast-valve d opened to admit a blast of air into the generator or producer a. The air supplied to the generator or producer a causes active though incomplete combustion in the bed of fuel in the generator, and the products of combustion thus created by the air-blast, which I shall designate as the producer gas, pass from the generator to the stack or pipe Z9 as above described. The producergas heats the fire-brick or other refractory material in the chamber a by imparting a portion of its specific heat thereto, and on its passage through the fiXing-chamber a the said producer-gas meets a supply of air, admitted by opening the air-blast valve C1 and further or complete combustion takes place in the fixing-chamber a thereby highly heating the refractory material in said fixingchamber. The highly-heated producer-gases pass through the pipe 1) into the boiler 5 and through the said boiler and feed-water heater 5 into the valve-case (9 from which they pass to the atmosphere through the pipe or stack 11 These highly-heated gases on their passage through the boiler 12 are utilized and generate steam, which is employed for making the water-gas, as will be described, but

which may also be utilized for any desired purpose. The highly-heated producer-gases on their passage through the feed water heater b heat the water therein and place it IIO in a condition to be readily converted into steam when admitted to the boiler D The producer-gas admitted into the chamber 1) of the boiler b may be further supplied with air by opening the air-blast valve (Z if so desired. This process of heating the apparatus by the air-blast is continued until the operator considers a proper heat is obtained for decomposing steam in the generator a and for properly fixing the hydrocarbons admitted into the chamber a. YVhen this point is reached, the following action is taken: The air-blast valves d d d are closed. The valve (615 is closed; the valve e -opened. The steam-valve (Z at the top of the generator or producer a is closed, while the steam-valve D at the bottom of the generator is opened, permitting the steam to pass into the generator up through the bed of coal, where it is decomposed and forms water-gas. The water-gas thus produced is employed to clear the apparatus from the deleterious gases and products remaining in the apparatus and which would be objectionable to have present in the carbureted gas. The water-gas passes from the generator through the pipe (6 into the mixing-chamber a, thence down through the intermediate chamber a and fixing-chamber a through the pipe (1 into the boilerh thence through the feed-water heater 1) into the valve-fitting b and through the port If into the stack or pipe Z1 The water-gas 011 its passage through the apparatus, as described, forces ahead of it all the deleterious gases and waste products which remain in the apparatus. The apparatus is now in condition to manufacture the carbureted water-gas, and as soon as the water-gas reaches the port 0 the valve Z) is closed, and unearbureted watergas, made as above described, passes through the pipe a the valve (022 being open, to the top of the mixing-chamber a, where it is met by preferably heated hydrocarbons, admitted by opening the valve The hydrocarbons admitted into the chamber a may be heated or vaporized after the manner shown and described in Letters Patent No. 455L214, granted to me December 23, 189%. The hydrocarbons admitted into the chamber a have their temperature raised within the said chamber by the high heat of the water-gas in the said chamber. The mixing structure in the chamber (1 facilitates and renders perfect the intermingling of the water-gas and hydrocarbons, which are now more or less vaporized, according to the nature of the oil used. The mixture of the water-gas and hydrocarbons thus produced descends by a downward draft assisted by gravity from the mixingchamber a into and through the intermediate chamber a and into and through the fixing-chamber a and the said mixture on its passage through the chamber a", which, for the best results, is moderately heated, as compared with the highlyheated fixing-chamber a becomes gradually heated in its passage through the intermediate chamber and is highly heated in its passage through the fiXing-chamber a wherein the carbureted water gas becomes finally fixed or rendered permanent at normal pressures and temperatures. The highly-heated carbureted water-gas may pass from the fixing-chamber a through the pipe I), and into and through the boiler b the feed-water heater b the valve-casing b and pipe 1) into the hydraulic main I), where it meets for the first time a body of water and from which it passes through the pipe I), the condenser b and outlet-pipe I) to the purifiers or scrubbers, such as is now commonly used in gas producing apparatus. The highlyheated carbureted water-gas has its temperature reduced by its passage through the boiler 11 and feed-water heater Z1 so that when it comes in contact with the water in the hydraulic main Z2 its temperature is reduced to such extent as to avoid shock to the said gas, and as a result the objectionable features resulting from the contact of the highly-heated carbureted water-gas with the cooler body of water is avoided.

I propose in theman ufacture of carbureted water-gas to utilize the boiler 11 and feedwater heater b after the manner above described; but to provide for emergencies and to enable the boiler l) to be cut off from the remaining portion of the apparatus without interrupting the manufacture of carbureted water-gas the pipe I) is adapted to behermetically closed, which may and preferably will be effected by the cap U, and when the pipe b is closed it will be seen that the boiler l)" is entirely independent of the gas producing and fixing portion of the apparatus and may be utilized after the manner of the ordinary boiler.

\Vhen the pipe I) is closed, an outlet for the fixed carbureted water-gas may and preferably will be provided through the valve-casing 0, pipe 0, branch pipe c, leading to the hydraulic main, the branch pipe 0 being provided with the valve 0 which at such time is opened. In this latter instance the highlyheated carbureted water-gas passes from the fixing-chamber a through the valve-casin g the valve 0 at such time being opened, and from said casing the highly-heated carbureted water-gas passes through the pipe 0 and branch pipe 0- to the hydraulic main I), from which it passes through the pipe D the condenser b and outlet-pipe Z)". In order that the producer-gas and uncarbureted water-gas may be generated when the boiler 11 is cut-off from the remaining portion of the apparatus, the pipe 0 is carried upward and cooperates or discharges into the stack a, the pipe c being provided with the valve oiwhich in the generation of the producergas is opened, the said gas passing directly from the fixing-chamber a through the pipe 0 to the stack c.

The course of the steam through the generator may be reversed by closing the valves Z1 (1 and opening the valves. Z9 (L By means of the auxiliary hydraulic main connected to the fixing-chamber and also by means of the valve 0 in the pipe 0 the manufacture of carbureted water-gas may be continued without interruption, in case it is desired to cut oi the hydraulic main 12 from the fixing-chamber for repairs or other purposes, and in this emergency the valve 0 in the pipe on is opened and the valve 0 in the pipe 0 closed. The auxiliary hydraulic main 0 may be connected with the condenser Z) by a suitablepipe. (Not herein shown.)

WVhen the hydraulic main Z7 and the boiler b are cut ofi from the fixing-chamber the producer-gases and the uncarbureted water-gas may pass to the stack 0, the valve 0 being at such time open.

I have herein shown what I regard as a desirable and highly-useful arrangement and construction of carbureted water-gas-manufacturing apparatus, but I do not desire to limit that feature of this invention which permits me to connect or disconnect the boiler to or from the fixing-chamber of a carbureted water-gas plant to the particular construction and arrangement shown.

To facilitate the manufacture of gas with a minimum amount of labor, appliances are provided for the expeditious and economical handling of the fuel fed into the generator and of the ashes taken out therefrom. The appliances employed to facilitate the handling and feed of the fuel may and preferably downwardly by the handle or bar 9 and being movable between suitable guides e" on the sides of the chute.

The coal bin or receptacle 6 may be supported by suitable brackets 6 6 secured to the inner and outer sides of the wall A, the said bin being represented as extended through a suitable opening in the said wall.

The coal or fuel may be supplied to the bin or receptacle e by means of small cars e which, in practice may run upon a suitable track or Way, (not shown,) but which may be laid on suitable supports within and without the building or gas-house, the coal bin or receptacle being represented as provided with .a suitable opening e through which the coal may be deposited into the said bin. The appliances for handling the ashes may and preferably will be substantially as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and consist of a screen f, hinged or pivoted at one end, as at f, to the under side of the platform I), and having pivotally secured to its other end a rod or bar f extended upward to the platform I), and by which the screen f maybe shaken to sift the ashes, the said screen having cooperating with it side pieces or wings f (shown in Fig. 2 as secured to the platform I) and inclined outwardly over the screen,so as to direct the ashes toward the center of the screen and prevent the same from falling off the sides of the screen.) The screen f may also have cooperating with it movable conveyers or cars f f one,asf ,beingdesigned to receive the cinders or sifted coal passing off from the screen, and the other, as f, being designed to receive the ashes passing through the screen, and for the best results the screen may have secured to its under side a chute f which is suitably shaped to direct the ashes through the screen into the car f. These cars or movable recep tacles are and preferably will be mounted to travel 011 suitable tracks or ways f and f and I propose to extend the track or way f around near the boiler b so that the cinders and coal deposited into the carf from the screen may be easily and quickly carried to the boiler and be utilized therein as fuel.

The valve 17 in the pipe 1), leading from the fixing-chamber into the boiler, is essential, in order that the cap or cover b may be secured gas-tight to the outlet-mouth of the pipe I), for without the valve b to choke thepassage of gas into the boiler, the workman would be overcome by gas if he should attempt to place the cap or cover 19 over the mouth of the pipe I) while the gas-producing apparatus is in operation. On the other hand, the valve b alone could not be depended upon to close the gas-outlet pipe I), as it would be practically impossible to maintain the said valve gas-tight, so that if the valve Z7 alone is depended upon there would be danger of explosion from the gas leaking into the ashpit of the boiler and igniting therein in the presence of air, when the said boiler is under repairs or is used independent of the gasmanufacturing apparatus. Therefore the valve 19 and the cap 12 practically cooperate in cutting ofi the boiler from the gas apparatus and rendering it safe to repair the boiler or to use it separately.

I claim- 1. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water-gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a gas-generator, a fixing-chamber communicating therewith for the passage therethrough of the gases created in said generator, a boiler or steamgenerator, a gas-outlet pipe for the fixingchamber extended into and terminating within the said boiler to leave a normally open end within the said boiler, a cover for the open end of the gas-outlet pipe normally removed therefrom but adapted to be secured thereto gas-tight to permanently close said IIO pipe, a valve in said gas-outlet pipe adapted to cut off the said boiler preparatory to scour ing the said cover in place, a separate gasoutlet for the fixing-chamber and a valve to control said separate gas-outlet, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water-gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a gas-generator, a fixing-chamber communicating therewith for the passage of the gases created in said generator, a hydraulic main, a boiler or steam-generator intermediate of the said hydraulic main and the said fixing-chamber and connected to the said hydraulic main, a gas outlet pipe for the fixing-chamber extended into and terminating within the boiler to leave a normally open end within the boiler, a cap or cover normally removed from the ppen end of the said gas-outlet pipe but adapted to be secured thereto gas-tight, a valve in the said gas-outlet pipe to cut off the boiler while the gas-tight cap is secured in position, a separate gas-outlet for the fixingchamber connecting the latter with the said hydraulic main, and means to control the passage of the gases through the separate outlet for the said fixing-chamber, substa'ntially as described.

3. In an apparatus for manufacturing car bureted water'gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a gas-generator, a fixing-chamber communicating therewith for the passage of the gases created in said generator, a hydraulic main, a boiler or steam-generator intermediate of the said hyd raulic main and the said fixing-chamber and connected thereto for the passage of the gases from the fixing-chamber through the boiler to the hydraulic main. a separate gas-outlet pipe 0 for the fixing-chamber adapted to communicate with the atmosphere, a pipe 0 connecting the pipe 0 to the said hydraulic main, a valve controlling the communication of the separate outlet with the atmosphere, a valve in the pipe c controlling the communication of the separate outlet with the hydraulic main, an auxiliary hydraulic main connected with the fixing-chamber, means to cut off the said auxiliary hydraulic main from the said fixing-chamber, and means to out off the boiler from the fixing-chamber, substantially as described.

4. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water-gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a gas-generator, and a structure comprising a mixingchamber located at one end, a fixing-chamber located at the opposite end, and an intermediate chamber, a valved pipe connection between the generator and the intermediate chamber for the passage through the intermediate and fixing chambers of the blast gases, and a valve pipe connection from the generator to the mixing-chamber for the passage of watengas into the top of the single structure comprising the said chambers, a boiler, a gas-outlet pipe for the fixing-chamber extended into and terminating within the boiler to leave a normally open end, a cap or cover adapted to be secured to the open end of the said gasoutlet pipe gas-tight, a valve in said outletpipe to cut off said boiler from the fixing-chamber preparatory to closing the end of the said pipe by the said cover, and a gasoutlct from said fixing-chamber normally not in operation while the boiler is connected to the fixing-chamber but which is brought into operation when the boiler is detached from the fiXll1g-Cl1{tll1b9l, substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water-gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a gas-generator, and a structure comprising a mixingchamber, a fixing-chamber, and an intermediate chamber, a pipe connection between the said generator and mixing-chamber, and an expansible and eontractible pipe connection between the said generator and intermediate chamber, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water-gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities: a generator, a fixing-chamber communicating therewith, a boiler, a gas-outlet pipe for the said fixingchamber connected to the said boiler, a hydraulic main, a gas-outlet pipe for the boiler communicating with the hydraulic main, a valve-casing in the gas-outlet pipe for the boiler and provided with a gas-outlet port, a pipe or stack communicating with the atmosphere and connected to said alve-iittin g, and a valve to control the said port, whereby the gases after passing through the boiler may be caused to pass off to the atmosphere or to the hydraulic main, substantially as described.

7. In an apparatus for the manufacture of carbureted water-gas, the combination of the following instrumentalities, viz: a water-gas generator, a single structure comprising a hydrocarbon-mixing chamber, a fixing-chamber and an intermediate chamber, pipe connections between the said generator and the mixing-chamber, and between the generator and the intermediate chamber, a boiler communicating with the fixing-chamber andmain connected to the said valve-casing, substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus for manufacturing carbureted water-gas, the combination with a fixing-chamber and a hydraulic main, of a gas-outlet pipe for the fixing-chamber communicating with the hydraulic main and pro- In testimony whereof I have signed my name vided with a valve casing or fitting havinga to this specification in the presence of two steam-inlet port, a pipe or stack connected to subscribing Witnesses.

said valve-casing and communicating With WALTER R. ADDICKS. 5 the atmosphere, and a valve to control the WVitnesses:

passage of gas into the said pipe or stack, JAs. H. CHURCHILL,

substantially as described. J. MURPHY.

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