US476639A - haswell - Google Patents
haswell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US476639A US476639A US476639DA US476639A US 476639 A US476639 A US 476639A US 476639D A US476639D A US 476639DA US 476639 A US476639 A US 476639A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- haswell
- binoxide
- manganese
- article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
Definitions
- nitrate of lead For preparing the bath eighty grams of nitrate of lead are dissolved in five hundred grams of water, and this solution is poured into six hundred and thirty-five grams of caustic-soda solution, the latter solution having a specific gravity of 1.27, equal to 3l Ban me, and therefore containing one h undred and fifty-eight grams caustic soda. If a solution of caustic potash is used instead, it has to be of equivalentstrength. After mixing the whole, ten grams of finely-powdered carbonate of manganese are added and the bath is well stirred,either by hand or in any convenient way, during the electrolysis.
- carbonate of manganese is quite essential,for Without it the coatings on copper and its alloys show not alone a difference in color, but also in aggregate, being less hard and dense, and chemical analysis of the deposit prepared in a bath containing carbonate of manganese shows the presence of manganese in the form of binoxide, which is deposited, along with the binoxide of lead, onto the article under treatment.
- the article to be coated is first carefully cleaned by means of any well-known method employed in the usual processes of electro-deposition, in order to remove all oXides and fatty material.
- the article to be coated is immersed in the said bath after being attached to the positive pole of a galvanic battery or dynamo-machine, and an electric current is passed through the bath until the deposit on the article has obtained the required thickness.
- an electric current of one-half to one ampere per square decimeter surface of the article to be coated and a tension of from two to two and one-half volts.
- the temperature of the bath may vary from or to 75 Fahrenheit. A deposit of suitable thickness is formed after about ten minutes exposure in the bath.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ALEXANDER ELLIOT HASWELL AND ARTHUR GEO. HASWELL, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.
COATING METALS AND ALLOYS WITH OXIDES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,639, dated June 7, 1892.
Application filed February 10, 1892. Serial No. 421,039. (Specimens) To aZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, ALEXANDER ELLIOT HAsWELL and ARTHUR GEORGE HAsWELL, both subjects of the Queen of England, and residents of the city of Vienna, Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coating Metals and Alloys With Oxides, of which the following is a specification.
In order to be able to give copper and alloys of this metal with tin, zinc, and nickel a coating of binoxide of lead and binoxide of manganese as obtained by our process for coatingmetals with oxides, PatentNo. 453,355, dated June 2, 1891, We have made the following alteration in the composition of our bath, employing nitrate of soda or nitrate of potash instead of nitrate of ammonia as a conducting-salt.
For preparing the bath eighty grams of nitrate of lead are dissolved in five hundred grams of water, and this solution is poured into six hundred and thirty-five grams of caustic-soda solution, the latter solution having a specific gravity of 1.27, equal to 3l Ban me, and therefore containing one h undred and fifty-eight grams caustic soda. If a solution of caustic potash is used instead, it has to be of equivalentstrength. After mixing the whole, ten grams of finely-powdered carbonate of manganese are added and the bath is well stirred,either by hand or in any convenient way, during the electrolysis.
The addition of carbonate of manganese is quite essential,for Without it the coatings on copper and its alloys show not alone a difference in color, but also in aggregate, being less hard and dense, and chemical analysis of the deposit prepared in a bath containing carbonate of manganese shows the presence of manganese in the form of binoxide, which is deposited, along with the binoxide of lead, onto the article under treatment.
Similar to our previous invention for coatin g iron, steel, and other metals with binoxide of lead and man gauese, the article to be coated is first carefully cleaned by means of any well-known method employed in the usual processes of electro-deposition, in order to remove all oXides and fatty material. The article to be coated is immersed in the said bath after being attached to the positive pole of a galvanic battery or dynamo-machine, and an electric current is passed through the bath until the deposit on the article has obtained the required thickness. In practice good results have been attained with an electric current of one-half to one ampere per square decimeter surface of the article to be coated and a tension of from two to two and one-half volts. The temperature of the bath may vary from or to 75 Fahrenheit. A deposit of suitable thickness is formed after about ten minutes exposure in the bath.
\Ve claim as our invention- The hereinbefore-described process of electro-depositing binoxide of lead and binoxide of manganese on copper and its alloys, which consists in immersing the article to be coated in a bath containing nitrate of lead and carbonate of manganese suspended in a solution of caustic soda or caustic potash and in depositing the said oxides from the said bath by passing an electric current from the article through such bath.
In testimony whereof We have affixed our signatures in presence of two witnesses.
ALEX. ELLIOT HASWELL. ARTHUR GEO. HASiVELL. \Vitnesses:
P. 0. PAGET, '1. G. HARDY.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US476639A true US476639A (en) | 1892-06-07 |
Family
ID=2545494
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US476639D Expired - Lifetime US476639A (en) | haswell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US476639A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2482308A (en) * | 1947-02-21 | 1949-09-20 | Du Pont | Catalyst preparation |
-
0
- US US476639D patent/US476639A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2482308A (en) * | 1947-02-21 | 1949-09-20 | Du Pont | Catalyst preparation |
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