US3367770A - Ferrous alloys and abrasion resistant articles thereof - Google Patents
Ferrous alloys and abrasion resistant articles thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3367770A US3367770A US429631A US42963165A US3367770A US 3367770 A US3367770 A US 3367770A US 429631 A US429631 A US 429631A US 42963165 A US42963165 A US 42963165A US 3367770 A US3367770 A US 3367770A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- less
- carbon
- titanium
- abrasion resistant
- excess
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/36—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
Definitions
- This invention relates to ferrous articles and abrasion resistant articles thereof and particularly to an inexpensive abrasion resistant alloy which is readily workable and castable.
- the present invention provides an alloy which is 3,367,770 Patented Feb. 6, 1968 TABLE I C Si Mn P S Ct Mo Ti V WB 70. A, 3. 18 0. 31 0. 76 0. 003 0. 005 6. 69 1. (l2 3. 80 Prior Art 2. 8 0. 0. 70 5. 0 1. 10 4. 5 0
- Our alloy provides an abrasion resistant readily forgeable and/ or cast alloy which has all of the foregoing qualities.
- the alloy of our invention is the result of a proper combination of carbon in an amount in excess of that necessary to give the desired hardening ability combined with titanium and vanadium in proportions such that the excess carbon equals V-1 Ti said titanium being present in at least 0.5
- composition of our invention may have the general composition range of:
- composition A single preferred composition of our invention for most applications has the composition:
- the silicon and manganese ranges are not critical and Abrasion tests were carried out on these alloys by directing #70 aluminum oxide grit at constant velocity for 10 minutes at an angle of against a wear surface dimension of 1%" x 2" and the weight. loss determined. The results of these tests appear in Table II.
- An abrasion resistant readily workable and castable alloy of high impact properties consisting essentially of carbon about 1% to 4.25%, silicon about 'l.5% maximum, manganese about 1.5% maximum, chromium about 3.5% to 9.5%, molybdenum less than about 2%, tungsten less than about 3%, cobalt less than about 5%, nickel less than about 3%, vanadium less than about 5%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 0.5% to 5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 and the vanadium with excess carbon in a weight ratio of 4.2 (V-1) :1.
- An abrasion resistant readily workable and castable alloy of high impact properties consisting essentially of carbon about 2. 7%, silicon about 0.3%, manganese about 0.7%, chromium about 5%, molybdenum about 1%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 2.5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide desired hardening ability in a Weight ratio of 4: l.
- chromium about 3.5% to 9.5%, molybdenum less than about 2%, tungsten less than about 3%, cobalt less than about 5%, nickel less than about 3%, vanadium less than about 5%, sulfur up to about 0.25% titanium about 0.5% to 5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 and the vanadium with excess carbon in a Weight ratio of 4.2 (V-l) 1, said article being characterized by workability, castability, high impact resistance and abrasion resistance.
- An article made from a ferrous base metal consisting essentially of carbon about 2.7%, silicon about 0.3%, manganese about 0.7%, chromium about 5 molybdenum about 1%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 2.5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 said alloy being characterized by workability, castability, high impact resistance and abrasion resistance.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
i United States Patent 3,367,770 FERRDUS ALLOYS AND ABRASION RESESTANT ARTICLES THEREOF Stewart G. Fletcher and Walter T. Haswell, Jr., Latrobe,
Pa., assignors to Latrobe Steel Company, a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Filed Feb. 1, 1965, Ser. No. 429,631 4 Claims. (Cl. 75-126) This invention relates to ferrous articles and abrasion resistant articles thereof and particularly to an inexpensive abrasion resistant alloy which is readily workable and castable. The present invention provides an alloy which is 3,367,770 Patented Feb. 6, 1968 TABLE I C Si Mn P S Ct Mo Ti V WB 70. A, 3. 18 0. 31 0. 76 0. 003 0. 005 6. 69 1. (l2 3. 80 Prior Art 2. 8 0. 0. 70 5. 0 1. 10 4. 5 0
not only abrasive resistant but has excellent impact strength and hardening ability. Such steels have long been sought for fabrication into tools, dies and wear parts which are subject to abrasion and shock and must be frequently redressed and sharpened. We have found that such an alloy can be produced without any of the high cost alloys previously thought indispensable.
Our alloy provides an abrasion resistant readily forgeable and/ or cast alloy which has all of the foregoing qualities. The alloy of our invention is the result of a proper combination of carbon in an amount in excess of that necessary to give the desired hardening ability combined with titanium and vanadium in proportions such that the excess carbon equals V-1 Ti said titanium being present in at least 0.5
Broadly stated, the composition of our invention may have the general composition range of:
Balance substantially iron with residual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that needed to give desired hardenability in a weight ratio of 4: l.
A single preferred composition of our invention for most applications has the composition:
Percent C About 2.7 Cr About 5 Si About 0.3 Mn About 0.7 Mo About 1 Ti About 2.5
Balance substantially iron with residual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in a weight ratio of 4: 1.
The silicon and manganese ranges are not critical and Abrasion tests were carried out on these alloys by directing #70 aluminum oxide grit at constant velocity for 10 minutes at an angle of against a wear surface dimension of 1%" x 2" and the weight. loss determined. The results of these tests appear in Table II.
It will be seen from the foregoing table that the alloy of our invention suffered less percent weight loss than the prior art alloy containing a relatively large amount of expensive vanadium.
While we have described and disclosed certain preferred embodiments of our invention in the foregoing specification, it will be understood that this invention may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.
We claim:
1. An abrasion resistant readily workable and castable alloy of high impact properties consisting essentially of carbon about 1% to 4.25%, silicon about 'l.5% maximum, manganese about 1.5% maximum, chromium about 3.5% to 9.5%, molybdenum less than about 2%, tungsten less than about 3%, cobalt less than about 5%, nickel less than about 3%, vanadium less than about 5%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 0.5% to 5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 and the vanadium with excess carbon in a weight ratio of 4.2 (V-1) :1.
2. An abrasion resistant readily workable and castable alloy of high impact properties consisting essentially of carbon about 2. 7%, silicon about 0.3%, manganese about 0.7%, chromium about 5%, molybdenum about 1%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 2.5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide desired hardening ability in a Weight ratio of 4: l.
3. An article made from a ferrous base metal consisting essentially of carbon about 1% to 4.25 silicon about 1.5 maximum, manganese about 1.5% maximum,
chromium about 3.5% to 9.5%, molybdenum less than about 2%, tungsten less than about 3%, cobalt less than about 5%, nickel less than about 3%, vanadium less than about 5%, sulfur up to about 0.25% titanium about 0.5% to 5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 and the vanadium with excess carbon in a Weight ratio of 4.2 (V-l) 1, said article being characterized by workability, castability, high impact resistance and abrasion resistance.
4. An article made from a ferrous base metal consisting essentially of carbon about 2.7%, silicon about 0.3%, manganese about 0.7%, chromium about 5 molybdenum about 1%, sulfur up to about 0.25%, titanium about 2.5% and the balance iron with usual impurities in ordinary amounts, said titanium being combined with carbon in excess of that necessary to provide a desired hardening ability in a weight ratio of 4:1 said alloy being characterized by workability, castability, high impact resistance and abrasion resistance.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,972,082 9/1934 Babinet 75-126 X 2,197,955 4/1940 Valenta 75126 2,665,205 1/1954 Klaybor 75-126 3,231,709 1/1966 Foley 7123 X 3,295,966 1/1967 Steven 75-126 FOREIGN PATENTS 121,467 1959 Russia.
DAVID L. RECK, Primary Examiner.
P. WEINSTEIN, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. AN ABRASION RESISTANT READILY WORKABLE AND CASTABLE ALLOY OF HIGH IMPACT PROPERTIES CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF CARBON ABOUT 1% TO 4.25%, SILICON ABOUT 1.5% MAXIMUM, MANGANESE ABOUT 1.5% MAXIMUM, CHROMIUM ABOUT 3.5% TO 9.5%, MOLYBDENUM LESS THAN ABOUT 2%, TUNGSTEN LESS THAN ABOUT 3%, COBALT LESS THAN ABOUT 5%, NICKEL LESS THAN ABOUT 3%, VANADIUM LESS THAN ABOUT 5%, SULFUR UP TO ABOUT 0.25%, TITANIUM ABOUT 0.5% TO 5% AND THE BALANCE IRON WITH USUAL IMPURITIES IN ORDINARY AMOUNTS, SAID TITANIUM BEING COMBINED WITH CARBON IN EXCESS OF THAT NECESSARY TO PROVIDE A DESIRED HARDENING ABILITY IN A WEIGHT RATIO OF 4:1 AND THE VANADIUM WITH EXCESS CARBON IN A WEIGHT RATIO OF 4.2 (V-I):1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429631A US3367770A (en) | 1965-02-01 | 1965-02-01 | Ferrous alloys and abrasion resistant articles thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429631A US3367770A (en) | 1965-02-01 | 1965-02-01 | Ferrous alloys and abrasion resistant articles thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3367770A true US3367770A (en) | 1968-02-06 |
Family
ID=23704079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429631A Expired - Lifetime US3367770A (en) | 1965-02-01 | 1965-02-01 | Ferrous alloys and abrasion resistant articles thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3367770A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4221612A (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1980-09-09 | Acieries Thome Cromback | Grinding members |
| EP0264528A1 (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-04-27 | Huta Baildon Przedsiebiorstwo Panstwowe | Non-ledeburitic high speed steels |
| US4790875A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1988-12-13 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. | Abrasion resistant sintered alloy |
| EP0346293A1 (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1989-12-13 | CENTRO SVILUPPO MATERIALI S.p.A. | Ferrous alloy for the working layer of rolling mill rolls |
| US5439535A (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 1995-08-08 | Dmk Tek, Inc. | Process for improving strength and plasticity of wear-resistant white irons |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1972082A (en) * | 1931-06-13 | 1934-09-04 | Nitricastiron Corp | Surface hardened cast iron article of manufacture |
| US2197955A (en) * | 1935-10-12 | 1940-04-23 | Electro Metallurg Co | Steels and alloys having elevated chromium content |
| US2665205A (en) * | 1951-10-13 | 1954-01-05 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Hot work steel alloy |
| US3231709A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1966-01-25 | Mckay Co | Welding method and electrode |
| US3295966A (en) * | 1964-04-30 | 1967-01-03 | Crucible Steel Co America | Versatile low-alloy tool steel |
-
1965
- 1965-02-01 US US429631A patent/US3367770A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1972082A (en) * | 1931-06-13 | 1934-09-04 | Nitricastiron Corp | Surface hardened cast iron article of manufacture |
| US2197955A (en) * | 1935-10-12 | 1940-04-23 | Electro Metallurg Co | Steels and alloys having elevated chromium content |
| US2665205A (en) * | 1951-10-13 | 1954-01-05 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Hot work steel alloy |
| US3231709A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1966-01-25 | Mckay Co | Welding method and electrode |
| US3295966A (en) * | 1964-04-30 | 1967-01-03 | Crucible Steel Co America | Versatile low-alloy tool steel |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4221612A (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1980-09-09 | Acieries Thome Cromback | Grinding members |
| US4790875A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1988-12-13 | Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. | Abrasion resistant sintered alloy |
| EP0264528A1 (en) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-04-27 | Huta Baildon Przedsiebiorstwo Panstwowe | Non-ledeburitic high speed steels |
| EP0346293A1 (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1989-12-13 | CENTRO SVILUPPO MATERIALI S.p.A. | Ferrous alloy for the working layer of rolling mill rolls |
| US5439535A (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 1995-08-08 | Dmk Tek, Inc. | Process for improving strength and plasticity of wear-resistant white irons |
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