US3107175A - Method of applying metallic coatings - Google Patents
Method of applying metallic coatings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3107175A US3107175A US142020A US14202061A US3107175A US 3107175 A US3107175 A US 3107175A US 142020 A US142020 A US 142020A US 14202061 A US14202061 A US 14202061A US 3107175 A US3107175 A US 3107175A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- article
- metallic coatings
- fluoride
- chromium
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Ni]F DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorochromium Chemical compound F[Cr](F)F FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021564 Chromium(III) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021583 Cobalt(III) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021563 chromium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Co]F YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021562 Chromium(II) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RNFYGEKNFJULJY-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Cr+2] RNFYGEKNFJULJY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12868—Group IB metal-base component alternative to platinum group metal-base component [e.g., precious metal, etc.]
Definitions
- a mixture of aluminum powder and nickel fluoride in the proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum to 60 to 40- parts by weight of the fluoride, is placed, in a thin layer, on a part, as for example, a part made of stainless steel, super alloys, etc., and the article is heated to a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for about one hour.
- the time or period of heating has some influence on the nature and thickness of the coating formed, and this may be varied from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours.
- the mixture may be formed into a paste, using a binder of an acrylic resin or other suitable binder, which disappears during the reaction, and does not therefore enter into the reaction.
- the mixture can contain, in a desired amount, chromium fluoride, chromium difluoride or chromium trifluoride, in addition to, or in substitution for, the nickel fluoride.
- the adherence of the alloy coating to the article is greatly aided by applying .to the article, before the mixture is applied, a plating or thin layer of gold or platinum.
- the method of forming an alloy coating on a metallic article which consists in applying to the article a mixture containing from about to parts by weight of aluminum powder, and from 60 to 40 parts by weight of one or more fluorides, selected from the group consisting of nickel fluoride, chromium fluoride, chromium difiuoride, chromium trifluoride, and cobalt fluoride, and heating the article to 'a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for a period of from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours to produce a reaction in which a layer of an alloy is formed on the article, said alloy consisting of aluminum and at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, chromium and cobalt.
- one or more fluorides selected from the group consisting of nickel fluoride, chromium fluoride, chromium difiuoride, chromium trifluoride, and cobalt fluoride
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
3,107,175 ?atented Get. 15, 1963 3,107,175 METHQD 9F AiPLYlNG METALLHC COATINGS Arthur T. Cape, Monterey, (Iaiii, assignor to Coast Metals, lino, Little Ferry, N.E., a corporation of Detaware No Drawing. Filed Get. 2, 1961, Ser. No. 142,020 1 Qiaim. (Cl. 117-130} This invention relates generally to methods of applying metallic coatings, but has reference more particularly to the production of metallic coatings on articles by chemical methods.
In accordance with the invention, a mixture of aluminum powder and nickel fluoride, in the proportions of 40 to 60 parts by weight of aluminum to 60 to 40- parts by weight of the fluoride, is placed, in a thin layer, on a part, as for example, a part made of stainless steel, super alloys, etc., and the article is heated to a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for about one hour.
This produces a reaction, as a result of which a layer or coating is formed on the article, consisting of an alloy of nickel and aluminum, having a thickness of from about 0.0007 inch up to about 0.0035 inch, which coating is highly resistant to oxidation.
The time or period of heating has some influence on the nature and thickness of the coating formed, and this may be varied from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours.
To facilitate application of the aforesaid mixture to the article, the mixture may be formed into a paste, using a binder of an acrylic resin or other suitable binder, which disappears during the reaction, and does not therefore enter into the reaction.
If it is desired that the coating contain some chromium, the mixture can contain, in a desired amount, chromium fluoride, chromium difluoride or chromium trifluoride, in addition to, or in substitution for, the nickel fluoride.
If it is desired that the coating contain some cobalt, the mixture can contain, in a desired amount, a cobalt fluoride, in addition to, or in substitution for, the nickel fluoride.
In most cases, the adherence of the alloy coating to the article is greatly aided by applying .to the article, before the mixture is applied, a plating or thin layer of gold or platinum.
The reactions, in all cases, tend to be exothermic.
It is to be understood that various changes can be made in the method, as described, without departing from the scope of the appended claim.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
The method of forming an alloy coating on a metallic article, which consists in applying to the article a mixture containing from about to parts by weight of aluminum powder, and from 60 to 40 parts by weight of one or more fluorides, selected from the group consisting of nickel fluoride, chromium fluoride, chromium difiuoride, chromium trifluoride, and cobalt fluoride, and heating the article to 'a temperature within the range of from about 1950 F. to about 2050 F., for a period of from about /2 hour to about 1 /2 hours to produce a reaction in which a layer of an alloy is formed on the article, said alloy consisting of aluminum and at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, chromium and cobalt.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,463,342 Wiczer Mar. 1, 1949 2,496,971 Wiczer Feb. 5, 1950 2,905,549 Taylor et a1 Sept. 22, 1959 3,012,903 Cape Dec. 12, 1961
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US142020A US3107175A (en) | 1961-10-02 | 1961-10-02 | Method of applying metallic coatings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US142020A US3107175A (en) | 1961-10-02 | 1961-10-02 | Method of applying metallic coatings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3107175A true US3107175A (en) | 1963-10-15 |
Family
ID=22498232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US142020A Expired - Lifetime US3107175A (en) | 1961-10-02 | 1961-10-02 | Method of applying metallic coatings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3107175A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3288634A (en) * | 1963-01-07 | 1966-11-29 | Gen Electric | Method of forming a composite member |
| US3376107A (en) * | 1963-10-10 | 1968-04-02 | Oka Akira | Stoichiometric transition metal hydrides |
| US3480460A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1969-11-25 | Du Pont | Method of integration of particulate material within a metal substrate and the product thereof |
| US3711310A (en) * | 1971-07-26 | 1973-01-16 | United Aircraft Corp | Repair process for aluminum and magnesium articles |
| US3819338A (en) * | 1968-09-14 | 1974-06-25 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Protective diffusion layer on nickel and/or cobalt-based alloys |
| US4228203A (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1980-10-14 | Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Method of forming aluminum coating layer on ferrous base alloy workpiece |
| US4241113A (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1980-12-23 | Fiat Societa Per Azioni | Process for producing protective coatings on metals and metal alloys for use at high temperatures |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2463342A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1949-03-01 | Sol B Wiczer | Metallic coatings |
| US2496971A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1950-02-07 | Sol B Wiczer | Thermite coating process |
| US2905549A (en) * | 1957-10-14 | 1959-09-22 | Fansteel Metallurgical Corp | Method of recovering refractory metals |
| US3012903A (en) * | 1960-05-03 | 1961-12-12 | Coast Metals Inc | Method of brazing |
-
1961
- 1961-10-02 US US142020A patent/US3107175A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2463342A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1949-03-01 | Sol B Wiczer | Metallic coatings |
| US2496971A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1950-02-07 | Sol B Wiczer | Thermite coating process |
| US2905549A (en) * | 1957-10-14 | 1959-09-22 | Fansteel Metallurgical Corp | Method of recovering refractory metals |
| US3012903A (en) * | 1960-05-03 | 1961-12-12 | Coast Metals Inc | Method of brazing |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3288634A (en) * | 1963-01-07 | 1966-11-29 | Gen Electric | Method of forming a composite member |
| US3376107A (en) * | 1963-10-10 | 1968-04-02 | Oka Akira | Stoichiometric transition metal hydrides |
| US3480460A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1969-11-25 | Du Pont | Method of integration of particulate material within a metal substrate and the product thereof |
| US3819338A (en) * | 1968-09-14 | 1974-06-25 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | Protective diffusion layer on nickel and/or cobalt-based alloys |
| US3711310A (en) * | 1971-07-26 | 1973-01-16 | United Aircraft Corp | Repair process for aluminum and magnesium articles |
| US4241113A (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1980-12-23 | Fiat Societa Per Azioni | Process for producing protective coatings on metals and metal alloys for use at high temperatures |
| US4228203A (en) * | 1978-01-27 | 1980-10-14 | Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Method of forming aluminum coating layer on ferrous base alloy workpiece |
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