US2331840A - Textile fiber and method of producing - Google Patents
Textile fiber and method of producing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2331840A US2331840A US360917A US36091740A US2331840A US 2331840 A US2331840 A US 2331840A US 360917 A US360917 A US 360917A US 36091740 A US36091740 A US 36091740A US 2331840 A US2331840 A US 2331840A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mineral oil
- rosin
- sizing
- alcohol
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 44
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 43
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 40
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 32
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- FLMIYUXOBAUKJM-ONSCTEFMSA-N [(1R,4aR,4bS,7R,10aR)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-decahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanol Chemical compound OC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC[C@H](C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 FLMIYUXOBAUKJM-ONSCTEFMSA-N 0.000 description 6
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 glycol ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ICLYJLBTOGPLMC-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940117013 triethanolamine oleate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- JTAXUBKTCAOMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietinol Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2C=CC3C(C)(CO)CCCC3(C)C2CC1 JTAXUBKTCAOMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQRUHVMVWNKUFW-LWYYNNOASA-N abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol Chemical compound OC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)[C@@H](CCC(C(C)C)=C3)C3=CC[C@H]21 GQRUHVMVWNKUFW-LWYYNNOASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930001565 abietol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KBAYQFWFCOOCIC-GJTWTXHOSA-N [(1r,4ar,4bs,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanol Chemical compound OC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CCC(C(C)C)CC3CC[C@H]21 KBAYQFWFCOOCIC-GJTWTXHOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008149 soap solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/17—Natural resins, resinous alcohols, resinous acids, or derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2965—Cellulosic
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved method of sizing textile fibers prior to the weaving operation and to the sized fiber obtained.
- a sizing composition to textile yarns and fibers for the purpose of providing more efficient working of the yarns or fibers in the subsequent weaving operation.
- Various sizing compositions have been used in this manner including starches, gums, sulfonated oils, tallows and mineral oils. After the weaving operation the size is removed from the woven fabric by a deslzing procedure.
- mineral oil is particularly desirable because of its excellent lubricating and softening characteristics.
- use of mineral oil is subject to two principal disadvantages which seriously limit its field of application.
- mineral oil exhibits the undesirable tendency of impregnating the fibers unevenly.
- its removal from the fibers after weaving is non-uniform and as a result oil spots appear on the fabric.
- Mineral oil also has a tendency to produce excessive lubricity and, therefore, a decrease in breaking strength of the sized fiber. In many instances the feel of fabric woven from yarn sized with mineral oil is not very satisfactory. No satisfactory means of utilizing the desirable features of mineral oil in yarn sizing without its disadvantages has been known.
- composition comprising a solution of a rosin alcohol or an ether of a rosin alcohol or an ester of a rosin alcohol in mineral oil.
- the use of mineral oil solutionsof rosin alcohols or ether and ester derivatives of thereof provides more effective tension control in the sizing of rayon yam than resultsfrom use of mineral oil alone. Yarns of higher pliability without stiifness and having increased breaking strength and elasticity are thus obtained by the process of this invention. Improvements in weaving properties also result, such as decreased shedding of fibers during weaving. Less solids are required on the fibers to provide efficient weaving results.
- natural or synthetic fibers such as yams,threads, filaments, etc.
- a composition comprising a solution of a rosin alcohol, an ether of a rosin alcohol or an ester of a rosin alcohol in mineral oil.
- the composition may be applied as an aqueous emulsion, as an organic solvent solution, as an aqueous dispersion of an organic solvent solution, or as the mineral oil solution of the rosin alcohol or derivative thereof.
- the composition may also contain softeners or other sizing materials such as, for example, starches, gums, etc.
- the rosin alcohol or ether or ester derivative thereof may be used with mineral oil in various proportions in the sizing compositions depending on the type of sizing desired and the particular fiber being treated.
- the relative proportions of the rosin alcohol or derivative thereof and mineral oil utilized in the process of the invention may be varied within the range of about 5 to about by weight of the rosin alcohol or ether or ester derivative thereof in the mineral oil solution thereof. More preferably, the rosin alcohol or easily removed from ether or ester derivative thereof will comprise about 40% to about 60% by weight of the mineral oil solution thereof.
- the rosin alcohols which may be used are those alcohols obtained by reduction of rosin or rosin acids. These may include the alcohols obtained by reduction of wood or gum rosin or the individual acids thereof. They may also include the alcohols obtained by reduction of the hydrogenated forms of these rosins or acids. Thus, the alcohols will include abietyl alcohol, hydrogenated derivatives thereof such as dihydroabietyl alcohol and tetrahydroabietyl alcohol, sapinyl alcohol, pimaryl alcohol, and hydrogenated forms thereof.
- the ether derivatives of the rosin alcohols will include the various glycol ethers such as those obtained from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, etc., and the glycerol ethers which may be the mono-, di-, or triethers.
- the ester derivatives of the rosin alcohols which may be utilized will include the esters obtained by esterifying the alcohols with fatty acids such as, for example, oleic acid, stearic acid, lauric acid, ricinoleic acid, etc.
- the mineral oil which will be used in the sizing compositions in accordance with this invention may be any of the various grades of mineral oil, but preferably will be one of the refined grades of mineral oil ordinarily used in the textile industry. Its viscosity may be varied to suit the characteristics desired in any particular sizing composition.
- Example 1 Dihydroabietyl alcohol was dissolved in mineral oil to give a 50% by weightsolution. The solution was then emulsified in water by use of triethanolamine oleate as emulsifying agent to give emulsion prepared in Example 1 containing 50% an emulsion containing 50% by weight of the mineral oil solution of dihydroabietyl alcohol. Seven parts by weight of this emulsion were diluted with 85 parts by weight of water and the diluted emulsion used to impregnate 200 denier bright viscose skein yarn. The impregnated yarn was then centrifugally extracted and dried. As a I ing in warm soapy water.
- Example 2 The diethylene glycol ether of dihydroabietyl alcohol was dissolved in mineral oil to give a 50% by weight solution and the solution emulsified in water with triethanolamine oleate as the emulsifying agent to give an emulsion containing 50% by weight of the mineral oil solution of the ether. Fifteen parts by weight of this emulsion were diluted with 85 parts by weight of water and the diluted emulsion used to impregnate 150 denier, 40 filament bright viscose skeins. After centrifugal extracting and drying the yarn was evenly impregnated. The filaments provided excellent control of pebble in crepe yarns and the size was the fibers by light scouring in warm soapy water.
- Example 3 A sizing composition suitable for spun rayon fiber was prepared by mixing 16 pounds of the abietyl alcohol with 100 pounds of dextrin, and diluting with water to give 100 gallons of sizing composition. This composition was then used to impregnate a mixture of 85% spun rayon and 15% 64's wool. After drying the treated fibers, they were found to be evenly impregnated and to have high pliability and high breaking strength. In the weaving of fabric from the treated rayon fibers excellent weaving efliciency was obtained with very little shedding of fibers. The sizing composition was completely removed from the fabric by the usual desizing.
- Example 4 A sizing composition was prepared by mixing 14 pounds of the 50% mineral oil emulsion used in Example 1 with 80 pounds of 60 fluidity corn starch and heating'the mixture to a boil with agitation to gelatinize the starch. Water was then added to bring the total volume to 100 gallons. This composition was used to impregnate cotton warp yarn according to usual sizing procedure. The sized yarn possessed excellent tensile strength and elasticity and was uniformly impregnated. v
- Example 5 The lauric acid ester of dihydroabietyl alcohol was prepared by esterifying the alcohol with lauric acid. A 50% by weight solution of the ester in mineral oil was emulsified, in water by use of triethanolamine oleate as emulsifying agent to give an emulsion containing 50% by weight of the mineral oil solution of the lauric acid ester of dihydroabietyl alcohol. A sizing composition was then prepared by mixing 14 pounds of the above emulsion with 80 pounds of 60 fluidity corn starch, and heating the mixture to a boil with agitation to gelatinize the starch. Water was then added to bring the total volume to 100 gallons.
- Cotton warp yarn was impregmated with the above emulsion according to the usual sizing procedure.
- the sized yarn obtained possessed excellent breaking strength and elongation.
- the yarn was very evenly impregnated. After weaving of a fabric with the sized yarn, the sizing composition is completely removed by the usual desizing.
- the method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin'alcohols and 'esters of rosin alcohols.
- the method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising an aqueous emulsion of mineral oil and a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols in mineral oil.
- the method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising a solution of about 40 to about 60% by weight of a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols in mineral oil.
- the method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and a rosin alcohol.
- the method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and an ether of a rosin'alcohol.
- the method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and an ester 20 of a rosin alcohol.
- a textile fiber sized with a composition comprising mineral oil and a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols.
- a textile fiber sized with a composition comprising a solution containing 5% to 75% by weight of a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols in mineral oil.
- a textile fiber sized with a composition comprising a solution containing 40% to 60% by
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
Patented: @ct. 12, 1943 TEXTILE FIBER AND METHOD OF PRODUCING Julius G. Little, Wilmington, Del., assignor to Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application October 12, 1940, Serial No. 360,917
13 Claims.
This invention relates to an improved method of sizing textile fibers prior to the weaving operation and to the sized fiber obtained.
Heretofore it has been customary to apply a sizing composition to textile yarns and fibers for the purpose of providing more efficient working of the yarns or fibers in the subsequent weaving operation. Various sizing compositions have been used in this manner including starches, gums, sulfonated oils, tallows and mineral oils. After the weaving operation the size is removed from the woven fabric by a deslzing procedure.
Of the known sizing materials for this purpose mineral oil is particularly desirable because of its excellent lubricating and softening characteristics. However, use of mineral oil is subject to two principal disadvantages which seriously limit its field of application. Thus, mineral oil exhibits the undesirable tendency of impregnating the fibers unevenly. Also, its removal from the fibers after weaving is non-uniform and as a result oil spots appear on the fabric. Mineral oil also has a tendency to produce excessive lubricity and, therefore, a decrease in breaking strength of the sized fiber. In many instances the feel of fabric woven from yarn sized with mineral oil is not very satisfactory. No satisfactory means of utilizing the desirable features of mineral oil in yarn sizing without its disadvantages has been known.
It is the object of this invention to provide an improved method of sizing both natural and synthetic fibers.
It is a further object to provide an improved method of sizing fibers with use of a modified mineral oil composition which overcomes the prior disadvantages of mineral oil alone.
It is another object to provide a sized textile fiber containing a modified mineral oil composition as a sizing agent. 4
It is another object to provide a method of sizing fibers with use of mineral oil to obtain uniform impregnation and improved desizing efllciency.
Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description.
The above objects are accomplished in 'accordance with this invention by sizing textile fibers with a. composition comprising a solution of a rosin alcohol or an ether of a rosin alcohol or an ester of a rosin alcohol in mineral oil.
I have found, in accordance-with this invention, that combination of a rosin alcohol or its ether or ester derivative with mineral oil in a sizing composition makes it possible to overcome ing more uniform impregnation and by facilitat-' ing the complete removal of the mineral oil from the fibers after weaving. I have found that rosin alcohols or their ether and ester derivatives are very easily emulsifiable in the presence of mineral oil and consequently are capable of complete removal from the fibers with ordinary soap solutions. In combination with mineral oil they effect. a complete emulsification of the mineral oil and thereby facilitate its complete removal from the fibers during the usual desizing treatment.
In addition to the above advantages, the use of mineral oil solutionsof rosin alcohols or ether and ester derivatives of thereof provides more effective tension control in the sizing of rayon yam than resultsfrom use of mineral oil alone. Yarns of higher pliability without stiifness and having increased breaking strength and elasticity are thus obtained by the process of this invention. Improvements in weaving properties also result, such as decreased shedding of fibers during weaving. Less solids are required on the fibers to provide efficient weaving results.
In carrying out the method in accordance with this invention natural or synthetic fibers such as yams,threads, filaments, etc., arev treated with a composition comprising a solution of a rosin alcohol, an ether of a rosin alcohol or an ester of a rosin alcohol in mineral oil. The composition may be applied as an aqueous emulsion, as an organic solvent solution, as an aqueous dispersion of an organic solvent solution, or as the mineral oil solution of the rosin alcohol or derivative thereof. If desired, the composition may also contain softeners or other sizing materials such as, for example, starches, gums, etc. The rosin alcohol or ether or ester derivative thereof may be used with mineral oil in various proportions in the sizing compositions depending on the type of sizing desired and the particular fiber being treated. The relative proportions of the rosin alcohol or derivative thereof and mineral oil utilized in the process of the invention may be varied within the range of about 5 to about by weight of the rosin alcohol or ether or ester derivative thereof in the mineral oil solution thereof. More preferably, the rosin alcohol or easily removed from ether or ester derivative thereof will comprise about 40% to about 60% by weight of the mineral oil solution thereof.
The rosin alcohols which may be used are those alcohols obtained by reduction of rosin or rosin acids. These may include the alcohols obtained by reduction of wood or gum rosin or the individual acids thereof. They may also include the alcohols obtained by reduction of the hydrogenated forms of these rosins or acids. Thus, the alcohols will include abietyl alcohol, hydrogenated derivatives thereof such as dihydroabietyl alcohol and tetrahydroabietyl alcohol, sapinyl alcohol, pimaryl alcohol, and hydrogenated forms thereof. The ether derivatives of the rosin alcohols will include the various glycol ethers such as those obtained from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, etc., and the glycerol ethers which may be the mono-, di-, or triethers. The ester derivatives of the rosin alcohols which may be utilized will include the esters obtained by esterifying the alcohols with fatty acids such as, for example, oleic acid, stearic acid, lauric acid, ricinoleic acid, etc.
The mineral oil which will be used in the sizing compositions in accordance with this invention may be any of the various grades of mineral oil, but preferably will be one of the refined grades of mineral oil ordinarily used in the textile industry. Its viscosity may be varied to suit the characteristics desired in any particular sizing composition.
To illustrate the sizing of textile fibers in accordance with this invention the following examples are cited:
Example 1 Dihydroabietyl alcohol was dissolved in mineral oil to give a 50% by weightsolution. The solution was then emulsified in water by use of triethanolamine oleate as emulsifying agent to give emulsion prepared in Example 1 containing 50% an emulsion containing 50% by weight of the mineral oil solution of dihydroabietyl alcohol. Seven parts by weight of this emulsion were diluted with 85 parts by weight of water and the diluted emulsion used to impregnate 200 denier bright viscose skein yarn. The impregnated yarn was then centrifugally extracted and dried. As a I ing in warm soapy water.
Example 2 The diethylene glycol ether of dihydroabietyl alcohol was dissolved in mineral oil to give a 50% by weight solution and the solution emulsified in water with triethanolamine oleate as the emulsifying agent to give an emulsion containing 50% by weight of the mineral oil solution of the ether. Fifteen parts by weight of this emulsion were diluted with 85 parts by weight of water and the diluted emulsion used to impregnate 150 denier, 40 filament bright viscose skeins. After centrifugal extracting and drying the yarn was evenly impregnated. The filaments provided excellent control of pebble in crepe yarns and the size was the fibers by light scouring in warm soapy water.
Example 3 A sizing composition suitable for spun rayon fiber was prepared by mixing 16 pounds of the abietyl alcohol with 100 pounds of dextrin, and diluting with water to give 100 gallons of sizing composition. This composition was then used to impregnate a mixture of 85% spun rayon and 15% 64's wool. After drying the treated fibers, they were found to be evenly impregnated and to have high pliability and high breaking strength. In the weaving of fabric from the treated rayon fibers excellent weaving efliciency was obtained with very little shedding of fibers. The sizing composition was completely removed from the fabric by the usual desizing.
Example 4 A sizing composition was prepared by mixing 14 pounds of the 50% mineral oil emulsion used in Example 1 with 80 pounds of 60 fluidity corn starch and heating'the mixture to a boil with agitation to gelatinize the starch. Water was then added to bring the total volume to 100 gallons. This composition was used to impregnate cotton warp yarn according to usual sizing procedure. The sized yarn possessed excellent tensile strength and elasticity and was uniformly impregnated. v
Example 5 The lauric acid ester of dihydroabietyl alcohol was prepared by esterifying the alcohol with lauric acid. A 50% by weight solution of the ester in mineral oil was emulsified, in water by use of triethanolamine oleate as emulsifying agent to give an emulsion containing 50% by weight of the mineral oil solution of the lauric acid ester of dihydroabietyl alcohol. A sizing composition was then prepared by mixing 14 pounds of the above emulsion with 80 pounds of 60 fluidity corn starch, and heating the mixture to a boil with agitation to gelatinize the starch. Water was then added to bring the total volume to 100 gallons. Cotton warp yarn was impregmated with the above emulsion according to the usual sizing procedure. The sized yarn obtained possessed excellent breaking strength and elongation. The yarn was very evenly impregnated. After weaving of a fabric with the sized yarn, the sizing composition is completely removed by the usual desizing.
It will be understood that the details and examples hereinbefore set forth are for the purposes of illustration only and that the invention as herein broadly described and claimed is in no way limited thereby.
What I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. The method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin'alcohols and 'esters of rosin alcohols.
2. The method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising an aqueous emulsion of mineral oil and a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols in mineral oil.
4. The method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising a solution of about 40 to about 60% by weight of a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols in mineral oil.
5. The method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and a rosin alcohol.
6. The method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and an ether of a rosin'alcohol.
7. The method of sizing textile fibers prior to weaving which comprises treating the fiber with a composition comprising mineral oil and an ester 20 of a rosin alcohol.
8. A textile fiber sized with a composition comprising mineral oil and a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols.
9. A textile fiber sized with a composition comprising a solution containing 5% to 75% by weight of a material selected from the group consisting of rosin alcohols, ethers of rosin alcohols and esters of rosin alcohols in mineral oil.
10. A textile fiber sized with a composition comprising a solution containing 40% to 60% by
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360917A US2331840A (en) | 1940-10-12 | 1940-10-12 | Textile fiber and method of producing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360917A US2331840A (en) | 1940-10-12 | 1940-10-12 | Textile fiber and method of producing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2331840A true US2331840A (en) | 1943-10-12 |
Family
ID=23419921
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360917A Expired - Lifetime US2331840A (en) | 1940-10-12 | 1940-10-12 | Textile fiber and method of producing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2331840A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3899614A (en) * | 1973-03-10 | 1975-08-12 | Toyo Boseki | Method of producing bundled multifilament yarn |
| US4438293A (en) | 1979-09-18 | 1984-03-20 | Kupferdraht-Isolierwerk Ag Wildegg | Cable with impregnated fiber strength member for non-slip clamping |
-
1940
- 1940-10-12 US US360917A patent/US2331840A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3899614A (en) * | 1973-03-10 | 1975-08-12 | Toyo Boseki | Method of producing bundled multifilament yarn |
| US4438293A (en) | 1979-09-18 | 1984-03-20 | Kupferdraht-Isolierwerk Ag Wildegg | Cable with impregnated fiber strength member for non-slip clamping |
| US4650715A (en) * | 1979-09-18 | 1987-03-17 | Kupferdraht-Isolierwerk Ag Wildegg | Element for transmission of tractive forces |
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