US2093863A - Textile oils - Google Patents
Textile oils Download PDFInfo
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- US2093863A US2093863A US700618A US70061833A US2093863A US 2093863 A US2093863 A US 2093863A US 700618 A US700618 A US 700618A US 70061833 A US70061833 A US 70061833A US 2093863 A US2093863 A US 2093863A
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- fibres
- textile
- oils
- washing
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 65
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 65
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 53
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 24
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 11
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 8
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CC1CCC(O)CC1 MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003901 ceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005645 linoleyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001802 myricyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in textile oils and more in oils intended for the fibres for use in knitting particularly to improvements preparation of textile machines, weaving machines and other textile machinery.
- An object of the present invention is to provide textile oils of improved properties in the 'lubricatingand softening of textile fibres without decreasing the tensil e strength of the fibres to any substantial extent.
- a further object is to provide textile oils which and completely removed may be more readily from the textile fibres.
- a still further object is to provide a method for treating textile oils to improve their lubricating and softening properties and to render them more readily and completely removable from the fibre. Another object is method of lubricating and to provide an improved without substantially decreasing their tensile completed. Therefore,
- our invention is based upon the discovery that the. monohydric fatty and oily alcohols may be readily admixed with any of the usual textile oils and, so admixed, will improve the lubricating and softening properties of the oils and will, at the same time, render such oils more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by the ordinary and customary methods of washing such fibres.
- fatty or oily alcohol, as employed herein, we intend to include aliphatic alcohols containing 12 or more carbon atoms which alcohols may be of the unsaturated or of the saturated series.
- the textile oils of our invention are preferably prepared by mixing together from about 90 to about parts of a purified mineral oil 01' low viscosity, say from about 40 to about 150 Saybolt at 100 F., with from about 1 to about 20 parts of oleic acid and from about 1 to about 20 parts of a monohydric fatty or oily alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms.
- the mineral oil may be replaced, in whole or in part, by a saponifiable oil such as olive oil or a partially saponified oil.
- the oleic acid is preferably partially neutralized by the addition of a concentrated solution of an inorganic base such as ammonium, sodium and potassium hydroxides, or by an alkyl amine such as diethylamine, dibutylamine, amylamine and trimethylamine to form an acid soap.
- an inorganic base such as ammonium, sodium and potassium hydroxides
- an alkyl amine such as diethylamine, dibutylamine, amylamine and trimethylamine
- the acid soap may be formed before addition to the oil.
- desirable results will be obtained if no part of the oleic acid has been neutralized. Desirable results have alsobeen obtained when part of the oleic acid was replaced by soaps of sulfonated mineral oils such as are described in Example I
- a mixture was prepared from parts of re-' fined mineral oil (viscosity 50 sec. Saybolt at (28%) was added. The finished oil was a clear amber liquid, having a viscosity of
- Example II A mixture was prepared from 70 parts of a refined mineral oil of low viscosity (about '10 sec. Saybolt at 100 F.), 10 parts of pure oleyl alcohol, 14 parts of sodium soaps of a sulfonated mineral oil, 5 parts of oleic acid and the whole stirred vigorously while. 1 part of 40% potassium hydroxide solution was added. The product was a clear light brown oil having a viscosity of about '78 sec. Saybolt at 100 F.
- Example III A mixture of 62 parts of refined mineral oil, 15 parts of olive oil, 6 parts oleic acidand 5 parts commercial oleyl alcohol (iodine number 81) was stirred vigorously while 1 part of 35% sodium hydroxide was added. The slight cloudiness of the oil was then removed by the addition of 1 part of methyl cyclohexanol. The finished oil was a clear yellow liquid of low viscosity.
- oils for textile purposes for example in the coning or knitting of rayon and in the weaving of wool, it is of. extreme importance that the oil be readily and completely removable from the fiber. This property is possessed by the products of our invention to a high degree.
- oils prepared according to the present invention were compared with an oil such as is ordinarily used at present.
- the latter was prepared in the same manner from the same ingredients as given in Example III with the exception that the oleyl alcohol was omitted.
- This oil was designated IV and was used for purposes of comparison with the products of Examples 11 and HI, designated II and m. respectively.
- Oils produced in accordance with our invention have no tendency to discolor textile fibers treated with them or to give rise to disagreeable odors.
- rayon skeins impregnated with oils as given in the three examples showed no change in color during baking at 230 F. for a period of two hours.
- the products of our invention are suitable for the purpose of lubricating and softening viscose, nitrate, cuprammonium and acetate rayons or silk in preparation for coning or for knitting. They are also useful for preparing wool and silk for spinning and weaving. They are superior to other products which have heretofore been employed for this purpose, in the ease and completeness with which they may be removed from the fibre and also in softening and improving the feel of textiles, even after washing.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms sufficient to render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of oleyl. alcohol sufiicient to render the oil more readily'and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms suflicient to render the all more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and oleyl alcohol sufilcient to render the oil more readily and comw. This is particularly pletely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, an alkali hydroxide insufiicient in amount to render the oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of oleyl alcohol sufllcient to render'the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and oleyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, an alkali hydroxide insufiicient in amount to render the oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of oleyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein-small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and lauryl alcohol suflicient to render; the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of lauryl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and-lauryl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, analkali hydroxide inrender the oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of lauryl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of octadecyl alcohol suflicient to render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washingin aqueous solution.
- a mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts exacid and octadecyl alcohol suificient to render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a. incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of octadecyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and octadecyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
- the method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, an alkali hydroxide insuflicient in amount to render the ,oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of octadecyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
UNTED' STATES PATENT OFFICE :Richard G. 'mington, Nemours & Company, poration of Delaware IEXTILE OILS Clarkson and Samuel Lenher, Wil- Del., assignors to E. I. du Pont de Wilmington, Del., a cor- No Drawing. Application December 1, 1933,
I Serial N0. 700,618
22 Claims.
This invention relates to improvements in textile oils and more in oils intended for the fibres for use in knitting particularly to improvements preparation of textile machines, weaving machines and other textile machinery.
It is necessary,
in the handling of textile fibres,
to subject them to .the action of machines which tend to rub and fibres. It is customary, to impregnate the fibres stance which will act as fray the individual threads or prior to such operations,- with a fatty or oily suba lubricant and thus decrease the wear upon the threads thereby decreasing the deleterious efiect of rubbing in the The fatty or oily substances which have customarily been employed, up to the preshave comprised saponifiable oils mixed machines.
ent time,
with a soap or a partiallysaponified oil. Recently it has been proposed to replace the saponified oils, either in whole or in part, by mineral oils of suitable viscosity characteristics. It has also been proposed in Patent 1,871,899 to employ oleic acid and the soaps of oiLsoIuble sulfonic acids derived from mineral cl 1 by treatment thereof with strong sulfuric acid.
After the textile fibres have been knitted or woven into fabric or otherwise handled in the various textile machinery, it is desirable and, in
many cases, necessary to subject them to wet treatments such as bleaching or dyeing. If the textile fibres contain any materials, the bleaching or material amount of oily dyeing will be uneven and the fabric ruined. Accordingly, it is necessary to remove the oily or fatty substances from the textile fibres after the like operations have been materials such as soaps, oils and the like have been knitting, weaving and oleic acid, sulfonated added to the fatty or oily substances for lubricating the fibres ln'order that such fatty and oily moved from the fibres and like operations. The
substances may be reprior to bleaching, dyeing various materials, hei etofore added to textile oils, have not proved to be entirely satisfactory since, even with these materials, it has been exceedingly difficult to remove the fatty or oily substances with sufficient completeness.
An object of the present invention is to provide textile oils of improved properties in the 'lubricatingand softening of textile fibres without decreasing the tensil e strength of the fibres to any substantial extent. A further object is to provide textile oils which and completely removed may be more readily from the textile fibres.
A still further object is to provide a method for treating textile oils to improve their lubricating and softening properties and to render them more readily and completely removable from the fibre. Another object is method of lubricating and to provide an improved without substantially decreasing their tensile completed. Therefore,
softening textile fibres other objects will appear hereinafter.
These objects may be accomplished in accordance with our invention which comprises'incorporating monohydric fatty or oily alcohols in textile oils comprising one or more of the mineral oils, saponifiable oils, oleic acid, soaps and sulfonated mineral oil soaps which have been employed heretofore.
Our invention is based upon the discovery that the. monohydric fatty and oily alcohols may be readily admixed with any of the usual textile oils and, so admixed, will improve the lubricating and softening properties of the oils and will, at the same time, render such oils more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by the ordinary and customary methods of washing such fibres. By the terms fatty" or oily alcohol, as employed herein, we intend to include aliphatic alcohols containing 12 or more carbon atoms which alcohols may be of the unsaturated or of the saturated series.
' The textile oils of our invention are preferably prepared by mixing together from about 90 to about parts of a purified mineral oil 01' low viscosity, say from about 40 to about 150 Saybolt at 100 F., with from about 1 to about 20 parts of oleic acid and from about 1 to about 20 parts of a monohydric fatty or oily alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms. The mineral oil may be replaced, in whole or in part, by a saponifiable oil such as olive oil or a partially saponified oil. The oleic acid is preferably partially neutralized by the addition of a concentrated solution of an inorganic base such as ammonium, sodium and potassium hydroxides, or by an alkyl amine such as diethylamine, dibutylamine, amylamine and trimethylamine to form an acid soap. It is tobe understood that the acid soap may be formed before addition to the oil. However, desirable results will be obtained if no part of the oleic acid has been neutralized. Desirable results have alsobeen obtained when part of the oleic acid was replaced by soaps of sulfonated mineral oils such as are described in Example I A mixture was prepared from parts of re-' fined mineral oil (viscosity 50 sec. Saybolt at (28%) was added. The finished oil was a clear amber liquid, having a viscosity of about 54 sec.
Saybolt at 100 F.
Example II A mixture was prepared from 70 parts of a refined mineral oil of low viscosity (about '10 sec. Saybolt at 100 F.), 10 parts of pure oleyl alcohol, 14 parts of sodium soaps of a sulfonated mineral oil, 5 parts of oleic acid and the whole stirred vigorously while. 1 part of 40% potassium hydroxide solution was added. The product was a clear light brown oil having a viscosity of about '78 sec. Saybolt at 100 F.
Example III A mixture of 62 parts of refined mineral oil, 15 parts of olive oil, 6 parts oleic acidand 5 parts commercial oleyl alcohol (iodine number 81) was stirred vigorously while 1 part of 35% sodium hydroxide was added. The slight cloudiness of the oil was then removed by the addition of 1 part of methyl cyclohexanol. The finished oil was a clear yellow liquid of low viscosity.
. In oils for textile purposes, for example in the coning or knitting of rayon and in the weaving of wool, it is of. extreme importance that the oil be readily and completely removable from the fiber. This property is possessed by the products of our invention to a high degree.
To test this property two of the oils prepared according to the present invention were compared with an oil such as is ordinarily used at present. The latter was prepared in the same manner from the same ingredients as given in Example III with the exception that the oleyl alcohol was omitted. This oil was designated IV and was used for purposes of comparison with the products of Examples 11 and HI, designated II and m. respectively.
.for the purposes Three portions of the same lot of rayon in skein form were then impregnated in a similar manner with the three different oils. Each portion was then divided into three samples, One of which was extracted with a suitable organic solvent and the percentage determined. One sample of each set was then washed in an identical manner in water containing 0.25% soap and 0.125% sodium carbonate at F. The third sample of each set was washed in water containing 0.30% sodium carbonate alone at 140 F. After washing, the samples were then thoroughly dried and the residual oil determined by extraction. It is obvious that by this test the oil which is most completely removed by washing is the most suitable described. The results are shown in the following table.
Table Oil content of rayon After OllNo. Original soa oa N13300:
4. 12% o. as o. 11 3. 98 0. 67 0. 64 4. 55 1. 37 0. 86.
removed and in Oil N054 II Both in percentage of total oil absolute amount of oil remaining,
I fore be attributed to of oil taken up thus and 111 are superior to true where the soap and sodium carbonate wash was used, which'is more usual in" commercial practice than the more .vigorous treatment with sodium carbonate alone.
Although the results cannot be evaluated in a quantitative fashion, it has also been found that textile fibers treated with the products of the invention possess a softness and suppleness superior to that of the same fibers treated with oil of identical composition except that the fatty alcohol was omitted. This property must therethe fatty alcohol.
Oils produced in accordance with our invention have no tendency to discolor textile fibers treated with them or to give rise to disagreeable odors. For instance, rayon skeins impregnated with oils as given in the three examples showed no change in color during baking at 230 F. for a period of two hours.
The products of our invention are suitable for the purpose of lubricating and softening viscose, nitrate, cuprammonium and acetate rayons or silk in preparation for coning or for knitting. They are also useful for preparing wool and silk for spinning and weaving. They are superior to other products which have heretofore been employed for this purpose, in the ease and completeness with which they may be removed from the fibre and also in softening and improving the feel of textiles, even after washing.
Other alcohols coming within our class and which merit special mention' are the following:
Linoleyl, ricinoleyl, tetradecyl, cetyl, ootadecyl, ceryl, myricyl, and batyl.
While we have disclosed the preferred embodiments of our invention, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that many variations and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention. Accordingly, the scope of our invention is to be limited solely by the appended claims construed as broadly as is permissible in view of the prior art.
' We claim:
1. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms sufficient to render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
2. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of oleyl. alcohol sufiicient to render the oil more readily'and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
3. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms suflicient to render the all more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
4. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and oleyl alcohol sufilcient to render the oil more readily and comw. This is particularly pletely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
6. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, an alkali hydroxide insufiicient in amount to render the oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of oleyl alcohol sufllcient to render'the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution. 7. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
8. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
9. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
10. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and oleyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
11. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, sufiicient in amount to an alkali hydroxide.in-
render the oil alkaline a and small amounts exceeding 1% of a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing at least 12 carbon atoms and subsequently removing the oil from the fibreby washing in an aqueous solution.
12. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, an alkali hydroxide insufiicient in amount to render the oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of oleyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
13. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of lauryl alcohol sufl'icientto render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
'sufficient in amount to ceeding 1% of oleic 1 mineral oil having 14. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein-small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and lauryl alcohol suflicient to render; the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
15. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of lauryl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
16. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and-lauryl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
1'7. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, analkali hydroxide inrender the oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of lauryl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
18. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein a small amount exceeding 1% of octadecyl alcohol suflicient to render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washingin aqueous solution.
7 19. A mineral oil for lubricating textile fibres having incorporated therein small amounts exacid and octadecyl alcohol suificient to render the oil more readily and completely removable from the textile fibres by washing in aqueous solution.
20. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a. incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of octadecyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
21. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts exceeding 1% of oleic acid and octadecyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
22. The method of lubricating textile fibres which comprises impregnating the fibres with a mineral oil having incorporated therein small amounts of oleic acid, an alkali hydroxide insuflicient in amount to render the ,oil alkaline and small amounts exceeding 1% of octadecyl alcohol and subsequently removing the oil from the fibre by washing in an aqueous solution.
RICHARD G. CLARKSON. SAMUEL LENHER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US700618A US2093863A (en) | 1933-12-01 | 1933-12-01 | Textile oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US700618A US2093863A (en) | 1933-12-01 | 1933-12-01 | Textile oils |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2093863A true US2093863A (en) | 1937-09-21 |
Family
ID=24814229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US700618A Expired - Lifetime US2093863A (en) | 1933-12-01 | 1933-12-01 | Textile oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2093863A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2730464A (en) * | 1951-05-17 | 1956-01-10 | Shell Dev | Antistatic treatment of textile yarns |
| US2942008A (en) * | 1956-12-10 | 1960-06-21 | Irwin I Lubowe | Solubilizing of mineral, vegetable, and animal oils for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial purposes |
| US2982724A (en) * | 1956-05-08 | 1961-05-02 | Swift & Co | Hydraulic fluids for pressure treatment of oil bearing formation |
| US4082679A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1978-04-04 | Witco Chemical Corporation | Light stabilized textile mineral oil |
| US4151097A (en) * | 1976-07-26 | 1979-04-24 | Lever Brothers Company | Liquid systems |
| US4288331A (en) * | 1979-06-13 | 1981-09-08 | Shell Oil Company | Lubricating compositions for primary backing fabrics used in the manufacture of tufted textile articles |
-
1933
- 1933-12-01 US US700618A patent/US2093863A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2730464A (en) * | 1951-05-17 | 1956-01-10 | Shell Dev | Antistatic treatment of textile yarns |
| US2982724A (en) * | 1956-05-08 | 1961-05-02 | Swift & Co | Hydraulic fluids for pressure treatment of oil bearing formation |
| US2942008A (en) * | 1956-12-10 | 1960-06-21 | Irwin I Lubowe | Solubilizing of mineral, vegetable, and animal oils for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and industrial purposes |
| US4151097A (en) * | 1976-07-26 | 1979-04-24 | Lever Brothers Company | Liquid systems |
| US4082679A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1978-04-04 | Witco Chemical Corporation | Light stabilized textile mineral oil |
| US4288331A (en) * | 1979-06-13 | 1981-09-08 | Shell Oil Company | Lubricating compositions for primary backing fabrics used in the manufacture of tufted textile articles |
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