US2345879A - Textile printing paste - Google Patents
Textile printing paste Download PDFInfo
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- US2345879A US2345879A US348595A US34859540A US2345879A US 2345879 A US2345879 A US 2345879A US 348595 A US348595 A US 348595A US 34859540 A US34859540 A US 34859540A US 2345879 A US2345879 A US 2345879A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- water
- emulsion
- paste
- printing paste
- printing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title description 48
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 25
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 19
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 ethyl benzyl Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran;1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000202285 Acrocomia mexicana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003625 Acrocomia mexicana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- AGUBCDYYAKENKG-YVNJGZBMSA-N Ethyl abietate Chemical class C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CC[C@H]3[C@@](C(=O)OCC)(C)CCC[C@]3(C)[C@H]21 AGUBCDYYAKENKG-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZSYLLSAWYUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Fast green FCF Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC(O)=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 RZSYLLSAWYUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UDHMTPILEWBIQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl naphthalene-1-sulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)OCCCC)=CC=CC2=C1 UDHMTPILEWBIQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- ZANNOFHADGWOLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CO ZANNOFHADGWOLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940023878 hydrogenated methyl abietate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical class O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UYWIDEMCSA-N methyl (1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical class C1CC(C(C)C)=CC2=CC[C@H]3[C@@](C(=O)OC)(C)CCC[C@]3(C)[C@H]21 OVXRPXGVKBHGQO-UYWIDEMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MLGZWBPQUONOQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium (Z)-octadec-9-enoate hydrate Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].C(CCCCCCCC=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O MLGZWBPQUONOQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FGDMJJQHQDFUCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-propan-2-ylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=CC2=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(C(C)C)=CC=C21 FGDMJJQHQDFUCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
Definitions
- This invention relates to the art of printing textiles and more particularly relates to an improved textile printing paste containing an inert water-insoluble pigment and to the method of applying the same to a fabric.
- the above objects may be accomplished in ac cordance with this invention by the preparation of printing pastes containing an inert waterinsoluble pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil-in water type emulsion of a solution of a waterinsoluble cellulose ether in a volatile organic solvent.
- the improved printing paste so formed may then be applied to a textile fabric and the fabric dried. Since the pigment is in its fully developed state no after-treatment on the fabric is necessary to develop the color and the only treatment necessary is the drying of the fabric to remove water and volatile solvents from the emulsion. I have found that such an emulsion of a cellulose ether presents many advantages over the starch or gum thickeners used in the prior art printing pastes.
- the water-insoluble cellulose ethers which I have found to be so useful in aqueous oil-inwater type emulsions for textile printing in accordance with this invention are for example, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, butyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, mixed ethyl benzyl cellulose, mixed ethyl butyl cellulose, etc. Ethyl cellulose is preferred.
- the ethyl cellulose used will be sufficiently etherified to be insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents and may have, for example, an ethoxy content within the range of about 41% to about 51%, and preferably from about 44% to about 48%.
- the viscosity characteristics of the ethyl cellulose used will depend upon the properties desired in the ultimate composition. The high viscosity type is particularly desirable.
- a plasticizer for the cellulose ether may be included in the emulsion and as such either a solid or a liquid plasticizer may be used.
- Suitable plasticizers for example, are hydrogenated methyl abietate, hydrogenated ethyl abietate, triphenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, methylphthalyl methyl glycollate, ethylphthalyl ethyl glycollate, mineral oil, etc.
- a synthetic resin which is compatible with the cellulose ether may also be included.
- a resin which is resistant to alkalies and which exerts a softening action on the cellulose ether will be used.
- softening action I mean the lowering of the melting point of the cellulose ether and not necessarily a plasticizing of the cellulose ether in the strict sense of the term.
- rosin modified alkyd resins such as rosin modified or hydrogenated rosin modified terpene-maleic anhydride resins; rosin modified maleic anhydride resins; drying oil modified terpene-rnaleic anhydride resins; polymerized hydrocarbon resins, such as polymerized naphthalene or hydrogenated forms thereof; polymerized coumarone-indene resins, or hydrogenated forms thereof; phenolic resins; polyhydric alcohol esters of hydrogenated rosin, as well as other types having the above defined properties.
- rosin modified alkyd resins such as rosin modified or hydrogenated rosin modified terpene-maleic anhydride resins; rosin modified maleic anhydride resins; drying oil modified terpene-rnaleic anhydride resins; polymerized hydrocarbon resins, such as polymerized naphthalene or hydrogenated forms thereof; polymerized coumarone-indene resins, or hydrogenated forms thereof;
- I may employ, for example, the alkali metal salts of the higher aliphatic acid sulfates, as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, etc.; sulfonated oils, as sulfonated castor oil, sulfonated olive oil, etc.; soaps, as sodium stearate, potassium oleate, sodium oleate, etc.; alkali metal salts of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acids, as sodium butyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, etc.
- the alkali metal salts of the higher aliphatic acid sulfates as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, etc.
- sulfonated oils as sulfonated castor oil, sulfonated olive oil, etc.
- soaps as sodium
- the cellulose ether together with the plasticizer and the resin will preferably be dissolved in a suitable water-immiscible solvent or solvent mixture before emulsification and the solvent solution emulsified in water by means of the emulsifying agent.
- suitable solvents or solvent mixtures may include for example, light aromatic hydrocarbons, as for example, toluol, xylol, Hi-Flash naphtha, etc.; petroleum hydrocarbons as, forexample, Stoddard solvent, Solvesso No. 2, Solvesso N0. 3, etc.; butanol, pine oil, etc.
- Stoddard solvent Solvesso No. 2 and Solvesso No. 3 I mean the petroleum hydrocarbon solvents known in the industry by those names. They may be generally characterized as follows:
- the inert, water-insoluble pigments which I incorporate in my improved textile printing paste described in accordance with this invention may be either the inorganic or the organic materials of this type which are commonly used in printing pastes.
- the organic pigments are those which consist either wholly or in part of dyestuffs which have been rendered insoluble in water and oil. These include those organic pigments which are made by precipitation on a suitable base.
- white pigments in the emulsion since I have found that particularly desirable results are obtainable with use of white pigments such as, for example, titanium dioxide.
- Textile printing pastes which will print white and which will provide a. water-insoluble white print of a high degree of whiteness are, therefore, possible in accordancewith my invention.
- Some of the more common inert, water-insoluble pigments which I may use in addition to titaniiun dioxide I are the following: Monastral Fast Green GSF, Monastral Fast Blue BNSF, Chrome Yellow, Ponso1 Blue BCL Double Paste, zinc oxide, etc.
- Starch may be included in. the printing paste produced in accordance with this invention if desired. It is desirable to include an excess or emulsifying agent such as potassium oleate in the printing paste formula on over the amount required to emulsify the cellulose composition, since the stability of the emulsion is aided thereby,
- cubed accordprinting paste may be varied as desired by varying the ingredients of the cellulose ether emulsion as well as by inclusion of other thickening materials such as, for example, starch.
- the body may also be varied by varying the amount of dissolved solids in the oil-in-water type emulsion as well as by the amount of pigments employed.
- the solids content of the aqueous oil-in-water type emulsion of a solution of a cellulose ether in a volatile organic solvent utilized in the printing paste will usually not be in excess of about 40% by weight and preferably will be within the range of about 2% to about 20%.
- the amount of inert, water-insoluble pigment included in the printing paste may be adjusted to provide the shade and quality of print desired and will depend to a large extent on the particular pigment employed. Generally speaking, the total solids content of the printing paste will not exceed about 60% by weight and preferably will be within the range of about 2% to about 45% by weight.
- the improved printing paste described in accordance with this invention may be applied to a textile fabric by means of printing rollers or screens such as are used in screen printing, followed by drying of the printed fabric in any suitable manner.
- the temperature of drying for example, may be within the range of about 180 to about 320 F. and preferably may be within the range of about 220 to about 300 F.
- Developing of the color on the fabric or washing and soaping of the printed fabric are not necessary since development of the color is not required and removal of the solids deposited from the cellulose ether emulsion is not necessary and is not possible by washing and soaping.
- the drying to which the printed fabric is subjected merely removes the water and other volatile solvents contained in the emulsions-
- the printed fabric produced by printing a textile fabric with the printing paste described in accordance with this invention will be characterized as carrying in its printed portion an inert, water-insoluble pigment bonded to the fabric by means of the cellulose ether composition.
- Such cellulose ether composition may be a water-insoluble cellulose ether alone or mixed with either a plasticizer or a suitable synthetic resin or both.
- the printed fabric is substantially resistant to crocking and is also resistant to laundering. In the case of the printed fabrics obtained with use of white pigments the printed portion will have a purer white color than is obtainable by the use of the prior art methods.
- the printed fabrics will be further characterized by uniformity of shade in the printed areas and by a depth of shade which may be varied by the amount of color incorporated into the print ing paste. The following examples serve to illustrate the preparation and application of the improved printin pastes.
- EXAMPLE 1 A. solution of an ethyl cellulose composition was prepared containing the following ingredients Parts by weight Ethyl cellulose (high viscosity) The above solution was then emulsified with 2,345,879 parts by weight of water containing 1.5 parts by fabric dried by passing over a series of heated weight of potassium oleate. The oil-in-water type emulsion obtained was passed through a suitable homogenizer in order to reduce the particle size oi the emulsion. This emulsion was then used to prepare a printing paste containing the following ingredients:
- the printing paste was prepared by stirring the titanium dioxide and the potassium oleate together with 85 partsof the water to form a smooth paste.
- the pine oil was then added together with approximately 80 parts by weight of water and stirred until a smooth mix was formed.
- EXAMPLE 2 A solution of an ethyl cellulose composition was prepared containing the following ingredients:
- Ethyl cellulose (high viscosity) 32 Triethylene glycol ester of hydrogenated rosin Miri'eral oil 6 Solvesso No. 2 126 Butanol 16 Th above solution was then emulsified with 100 parts by weight of water containing 1.5 parts by weight of potassium oleate. The emulsion was stabilized by passing through a homogenizer. Printing pastes were than preparedwith the proportion of ingredients shown in the following table.
- the printing pastes containing the above ingredients were prepared by mixing together the titanium dioxide or zinc oxide with the water to form a smooth. paste and then adding the sodium hydroxide with stirring. In the case of the third example the potassium oleate was also added.
- the aqueous oil-in-water type ethyl cellulose emulsion was mixed in with stirring and in the second and third examples the corn starch was then added.
- Each of the printing pastes were then printed on 80 x 80 print cloth and the 'sistanoe to laundering and crocking rolls at a temperature of about 250 F.
- the printed fabrics obtained exhibited excellent reand the printed portion showed a high degree of whiteness.
- EXAMPLE 3 The ethyl cellulose emulsion of the oil-in Water type prepared in accordance with the formulations shown in Example 2 was used in the preparation of a series of four printing pastes prepared according to the following formulation:
- Each of the above printing pastes were prepared by mixing the pigment color and the potassium oleate and then adding the ethyl cellulose emulsion with stirring to form a smooth paste. Each paste was then printed on 80. x print cloth and the printed fabric dried over heated cans at a temperature of about 250 F. The printed fabrics which were obtained were substantially resistant to washing and showed substantially no loss in color strength after being washed, for example, in a solution of 0.5% of soap and 0.2% of soda ash at F. for one hour. The prints were also substantially resistant to crocking.
- a textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose in a volatile water-innniscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
- a textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble pigment dispersed in an aequeous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose and a plasticizer therefor in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the totai solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
- textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble pigment dispersed in an edueous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose and a suitable synthetic resin compatible therewith in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the 4. aesaers said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
- a textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble white pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids con tent from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
- a textile printing paste comprising a titanium dioxide pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil'dnwater type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsiOn comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufiicient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess it of about 45% by weight,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 4, 1944 TEXTILE PRINTING PASTE Malcolm C. Moore, Wilmington, DeL, assignor to Hercules Powder Company,
Wilmington, DcL,
a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application July 30, 1940, Serial No. 348,595
Claims.
This invention relates to the art of printing textiles and more particularly relates to an improved textile printing paste containing an inert water-insoluble pigment and to the method of applying the same to a fabric.
Heretofore it has been the practice in the printing of textile fabrics with insoluble coloring agents to print the colors from a paste containing the coloring in a soluble form and thereafter developing the insoluble color on the fabric by suitable after-treatment. As thickeners and carriers for the coloring agents in such printing pastes there have been used such materials as starches and water-soluble gums such as gum 'tragacanth. After application of the paste to the fabric it has been the practice to develop or fix the color on the fabric and then subject the latter to a, washing treatment to remove the starch or gum carrier. The color developing operation is a very delicate one and is subject to considerable variation. Insufiicient developing or over-developing are common occurrences in such a process. They result in rejection of the printed goods. Furthermore, in printing of delicate fabrics it is impossible to wash the printed fabric sufllciently to remove the starch or gum carrier, since the fabrics themselves become weakened through the washing treatment.
It is an object of this invention to provide a textile printing paste which overcomes the above disadvantages in textile printing. It is a further object to provide a printing paste containing an inert water-insoluble pigment.
It is another object to provide a method of printing textile fabrics with a printing paste containing an inert water-insoluble pigment which eliminates the developing and washing treatments which have been necessary in using the prior art printing pastes and methods.
Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter. I
The above objects may be accomplished in ac cordance with this invention by the preparation of printing pastes containing an inert waterinsoluble pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil-in water type emulsion of a solution of a waterinsoluble cellulose ether in a volatile organic solvent. The improved printing paste so formed may then be applied to a textile fabric and the fabric dried. Since the pigment is in its fully developed state no after-treatment on the fabric is necessary to develop the color and the only treatment necessary is the drying of the fabric to remove water and volatile solvents from the emulsion. I have found that such an emulsion of a cellulose ether presents many advantages over the starch or gum thickeners used in the prior art printing pastes. I have found that my invention is of particular importance with use of white pigments such as titanium dioxide and that by using such pigments in my emulsions I am able to obtain printed textile fabrics having a purer white color than has been possible heretofore. Furthermore, the pigment is not subject to crocking or washing out.
The water-insoluble cellulose ethers which I have found to be so useful in aqueous oil-inwater type emulsions for textile printing in accordance with this invention are for example, ethyl cellulose, propyl cellulose, butyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, mixed ethyl benzyl cellulose, mixed ethyl butyl cellulose, etc. Ethyl cellulose is preferred. The ethyl cellulose used will be sufficiently etherified to be insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents and may have, for example, an ethoxy content within the range of about 41% to about 51%, and preferably from about 44% to about 48%. The viscosity characteristics of the ethyl cellulose used will depend upon the properties desired in the ultimate composition. The high viscosity type is particularly desirable.
A plasticizer for the cellulose ether may be included in the emulsion and as such either a solid or a liquid plasticizer may be used. Suitable plasticizers, for example, are hydrogenated methyl abietate, hydrogenated ethyl abietate, triphenyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, methylphthalyl methyl glycollate, ethylphthalyl ethyl glycollate, mineral oil, etc.
A synthetic resin which is compatible with the cellulose ether may also be included. Preferably a resin which is resistant to alkalies and which exerts a softening action on the cellulose ether will be used. By softening action I mean the lowering of the melting point of the cellulose ether and not necessarily a plasticizing of the cellulose ether in the strict sense of the term. which I have found to be suitable are rosin modified alkyd resins, such as rosin modified or hydrogenated rosin modified terpene-maleic anhydride resins; rosin modified maleic anhydride resins; drying oil modified terpene-rnaleic anhydride resins; polymerized hydrocarbon resins, such as polymerized naphthalene or hydrogenated forms thereof; polymerized coumarone-indene resins, or hydrogenated forms thereof; phenolic resins; polyhydric alcohol esters of hydrogenated rosin, as well as other types having the above defined properties.
Resins.
As emulsifying agents for preparing the cellulose ether emulsions utilized in accordance with the invention, I may employ, for example, the alkali metal salts of the higher aliphatic acid sulfates, as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium stearyl sulfate, etc.; sulfonated oils, as sulfonated castor oil, sulfonated olive oil, etc.; soaps, as sodium stearate, potassium oleate, sodium oleate, etc.; alkali metal salts of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acids, as sodium butyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, etc.
In preparing the cellulose ether emulsions, the cellulose ether together with the plasticizer and the resin, if either or both are employed, will preferably be dissolved in a suitable water-immiscible solvent or solvent mixture before emulsification and the solvent solution emulsified in water by means of the emulsifying agent. Suitable solvents or solvent mixtures may include for example, light aromatic hydrocarbons, as for example, toluol, xylol, Hi-Flash naphtha, etc.; petroleum hydrocarbons as, forexample, Stoddard solvent, Solvesso No. 2, Solvesso N0. 3, etc.; butanol, pine oil, etc. By Stoddard solvent, Solvesso No. 2 and Solvesso No. 3, I mean the petroleum hydrocarbon solvents known in the industry by those names. They may be generally characterized as follows:
The inert, water-insoluble pigments which I incorporate in my improved textile printing paste described in accordance with this invention may be either the inorganic or the organic materials of this type which are commonly used in printing pastes. The organic pigments are those which consist either wholly or in part of dyestuffs which have been rendered insoluble in water and oil. These include those organic pigments which are made by precipitation on a suitable base. I particularly prefer to use white pigments in the emulsion since I have found that particularly desirable results are obtainable with use of white pigments such as, for example, titanium dioxide. Textile printing pastes which will print white and which will provide a. water-insoluble white print of a high degree of whiteness are, therefore, possible in accordancewith my invention. Some of the more common inert, water-insoluble pigments which I may use in addition to titaniiun dioxide I are the following: Monastral Fast Green GSF, Monastral Fast Blue BNSF, Chrome Yellow, Ponso1 Blue BCL Double Paste, zinc oxide, etc.
Starch may be included in. the printing paste produced in accordance with this invention if desired. It is desirable to include an excess or emulsifying agent such as potassium oleate in the printing paste formula on over the amount required to emulsify the cellulose composition, since the stability of the emulsion is aided thereby,
cubed accordprinting paste may be varied as desired by varying the ingredients of the cellulose ether emulsion as well as by inclusion of other thickening materials such as, for example, starch. The body may also be varied by varying the amount of dissolved solids in the oil-in-water type emulsion as well as by the amount of pigments employed.
The solids content of the aqueous oil-in-water type emulsion of a solution of a cellulose ether in a volatile organic solvent utilized in the printing paste will usually not be in excess of about 40% by weight and preferably will be within the range of about 2% to about 20%. The amount of inert, water-insoluble pigment included in the printing paste may be adjusted to provide the shade and quality of print desired and will depend to a large extent on the particular pigment employed. Generally speaking, the total solids content of the printing paste will not exceed about 60% by weight and preferably will be within the range of about 2% to about 45% by weight.
The improved printing paste described in accordance with this invention may be applied to a textile fabric by means of printing rollers or screens such as are used in screen printing, followed by drying of the printed fabric in any suitable manner. The temperature of drying, for example, may be within the range of about 180 to about 320 F. and preferably may be within the range of about 220 to about 300 F. Developing of the color on the fabric or washing and soaping of the printed fabric are not necessary since development of the color is not required and removal of the solids deposited from the cellulose ether emulsion is not necessary and is not possible by washing and soaping. The drying to which the printed fabric is subjected merely removes the water and other volatile solvents contained in the emulsions- The printed fabric produced by printing a textile fabric with the printing paste described in accordance with this invention will be characterized as carrying in its printed portion an inert, water-insoluble pigment bonded to the fabric by means of the cellulose ether composition. Such cellulose ether composition may be a water-insoluble cellulose ether alone or mixed with either a plasticizer or a suitable synthetic resin or both. The printed fabric is substantially resistant to crocking and is also resistant to laundering. In the case of the printed fabrics obtained with use of white pigments the printed portion will have a purer white color than is obtainable by the use of the prior art methods. The printed fabrics will be further characterized by uniformity of shade in the printed areas and by a depth of shade which may be varied by the amount of color incorporated into the print ing paste. The following examples serve to illustrate the preparation and application of the improved printin pastes.
EXAMPLE 1 A. solution of an ethyl cellulose composition was prepared containing the following ingredients Parts by weight Ethyl cellulose (high viscosity) The above solution was then emulsified with 2,345,879 parts by weight of water containing 1.5 parts by fabric dried by passing over a series of heated weight of potassium oleate. The oil-in-water type emulsion obtained was passed through a suitable homogenizer in order to reduce the particle size oi the emulsion. This emulsion was then used to prepare a printing paste containing the following ingredients:
Parts by weight Ethyl cellulose emulsion 1,000 Potassium oleate Water 243 Pine oil l Corn starch solution 800 Titanium dioxide (Ti-pure FF Krebs) 200 The printing paste was prepared by stirring the titanium dioxide and the potassium oleate together with 85 partsof the water to form a smooth paste. The pine oil was then added together with approximately 80 parts by weight of water and stirred until a smooth mix was formed.
-This mixture was then added slowly to the starch solution with stirring and the remaining portions of the water added. To this paste the oil-inwater ethyl cellulose emulsion was added and stirring continued until a smooth paste resulted. The printing paste so formed had a total solids content of 21% and a pigment content of 9% by weight. An 80 x 80 print cloth was printed with the paste, after which the printed cloth was subjected to a drying treatment over heated rolls at a temperature of about 240 F. The printed fabric obtained was resistant to washing and crocking and the printed portion exhibited a high degree of whiteness.
EXAMPLE 2 A solution of an ethyl cellulose composition was prepared containing the following ingredients:
Parts by weight Ethyl cellulose (high viscosity) 32 Triethylene glycol ester of hydrogenated rosin Miri'eral oil 6 Solvesso No. 2 126 Butanol 16 Th above solution was then emulsified with 100 parts by weight of water containing 1.5 parts by weight of potassium oleate. The emulsion was stabilized by passing through a homogenizer. Printing pastes were than preparedwith the proportion of ingredients shown in the following table.
The printing pastes containing the above ingredients were prepared by mixing together the titanium dioxide or zinc oxide with the water to form a smooth. paste and then adding the sodium hydroxide with stirring. In the case of the third example the potassium oleate was also added.
After these ingredients were stirred to form smooth paste, the aqueous oil-in-water type ethyl cellulose emulsion was mixed in with stirring and in the second and third examples the corn starch was then added. Each of the printing pastes were then printed on 80 x 80 print cloth and the 'sistanoe to laundering and crocking rolls at a temperature of about 250 F. The printed fabrics obtained exhibited excellent reand the printed portion showed a high degree of whiteness.
EXAMPLE 3 The ethyl cellulose emulsion of the oil-in Water type prepared in accordance with the formulations shown in Example 2 was used in the preparation of a series of four printing pastes prepared according to the following formulation:
Ponsol Blue BCL Dbl.
Pst
Potassium oleate (15% solution) 2 2 2 2 Oil-ln-Water typo ethyl cellulose emulsion (Example 2). I
Each of the above printing pastes were prepared by mixing the pigment color and the potassium oleate and then adding the ethyl cellulose emulsion with stirring to form a smooth paste. Each paste was then printed on 80. x print cloth and the printed fabric dried over heated cans at a temperature of about 250 F. The printed fabrics which were obtained were substantially resistant to washing and showed substantially no loss in color strength after being washed, for example, in a solution of 0.5% of soap and 0.2% of soda ash at F. for one hour. The prints were also substantially resistant to crocking.
It will be understood that the details and examples given hereinbefore are illustrative only and that the invention as broadly described and claimed is no way limited thereby.
What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. A textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose in a volatile water-innniscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
2. A textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble pigment dispersed in an aequeous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose and a plasticizer therefor in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the totai solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
3. 1i. textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble pigment dispersed in an edueous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose and a suitable synthetic resin compatible therewith in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the 4. aesaers said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
4. A textile printing paste comprising an inert water-insoluble white pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil-in-water type emulsion of solids con tent from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsion comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufficient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess of about 45% by weight.
5. A textile printing paste comprising a titanium dioxide pigment dispersed in an aqueous oil'dnwater type emulsion of solids content from about 2% to about 20% by weight, the said emulsiOn comprising a solution of ethyl cellulose in a volatile water-immiscible organic solvent, the amount of pigment being sufiicient to give the desired color and the total solids content of the said textile printing paste being not in excess it of about 45% by weight,
MALCOLM C. MOORE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US348595A US2345879A (en) | 1940-07-30 | 1940-07-30 | Textile printing paste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US348595A US2345879A (en) | 1940-07-30 | 1940-07-30 | Textile printing paste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2345879A true US2345879A (en) | 1944-04-04 |
Family
ID=23368700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US348595A Expired - Lifetime US2345879A (en) | 1940-07-30 | 1940-07-30 | Textile printing paste |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2345879A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2527530A (en) * | 1946-06-28 | 1950-10-31 | Interchem Corp | Textile decorating |
| US2658002A (en) * | 1950-08-02 | 1953-11-03 | United Lacquer Mfg Corp | Method of forming multicolor coating composition |
| US2764498A (en) * | 1949-03-31 | 1956-09-25 | Diamond Claude | Process of plasticizing thermoplastic cellulose esters and ethers with an organic plasticizer dispersed in aqueous medium with a cationic surface active agent |
| US2858232A (en) * | 1953-09-08 | 1958-10-28 | Bancroft & Sons Co J | Process of coating fabrics to produce durable inlay effects and resultant article |
| US3353971A (en) * | 1963-01-11 | 1967-11-21 | Dow Chemical Co | Ethylcellulose latex polish composition |
| US4502888A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1985-03-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Aqueous dispersions of plasticized polymer particles |
| US20220133944A1 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2022-05-05 | Speed Care Mineral Gmbh | Paste for marking textile fabrics and/or other products incapable of x-ray contrast |
-
1940
- 1940-07-30 US US348595A patent/US2345879A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2527530A (en) * | 1946-06-28 | 1950-10-31 | Interchem Corp | Textile decorating |
| US2764498A (en) * | 1949-03-31 | 1956-09-25 | Diamond Claude | Process of plasticizing thermoplastic cellulose esters and ethers with an organic plasticizer dispersed in aqueous medium with a cationic surface active agent |
| US2658002A (en) * | 1950-08-02 | 1953-11-03 | United Lacquer Mfg Corp | Method of forming multicolor coating composition |
| US2858232A (en) * | 1953-09-08 | 1958-10-28 | Bancroft & Sons Co J | Process of coating fabrics to produce durable inlay effects and resultant article |
| US3353971A (en) * | 1963-01-11 | 1967-11-21 | Dow Chemical Co | Ethylcellulose latex polish composition |
| US4502888A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1985-03-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Aqueous dispersions of plasticized polymer particles |
| US20220133944A1 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2022-05-05 | Speed Care Mineral Gmbh | Paste for marking textile fabrics and/or other products incapable of x-ray contrast |
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