US2192615A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

H. MM5@ 92,615

OIL BURNER Filed Aug. l2. 1938 in. Y, 1 L

Patented Mar. 5, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT oi-Ficr-JA This invention relates to an oil burner with a gas generating chamber over the evaporator and has for its object to supply secondary air in particularly highly heated condition to the oil-airmixture leaving the evaporator in the chamber so that the oil is completely gasied and the mixture formed therefrom with the air burns with a blue flame.

The nature of the invention consists in that a m roof consisting of arms intersecting to form a cross is provided between the evaporator and the vault, shafts for secondary air are provided in the walls of the chamber, passages extend from the shafts into one arm of the cross and a cap (glow L'. head) is provided at the point of intersection so that the secondary airflows on the longest possible path and finally leaves the cap through apertures in its walls and mingles with the oilair mixture.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way of example in the accompanying drawing, the evaporator being constructed in known manner as a terraced body with troughs which increase in diameter towards the bottom terrace so that the oil ows in cascades over the evaporator. However any other evaporator may be employed which nely distributes the oil and allows it to mix intimately with the air, in the same manner as the terraced body.

In the drawing Fig- 1 shows the evaporator and gas generating chamber in longitudinal section on line I--I of Fig. 3,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the broken line II-II 0f Fig. 3, i

Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line III-III of Fig. 1, Y

Fig. 4 is a section on line IV-IV of Fig. 3 on a larger scale.

The evaporator consists of a number of troughs l, 5, 6 arranged one above the other to form terraces supported on cylinders I, 2, 3 and having downwardly sloping rims 1, 8, 9 whose diameters are successiveLv larger from the top towards the bottom terrace. This known terraced body has a bottom ||I with a tubular support and the cylinders I, 2, 3 have apertures I2, I3, Il. The terraced body F is located in a gas generating chamber G with cylindrical wall I5 closed at the top by a vault lwith a nozzle-like aperture Il. A cross formed of intersecting arms IB, I9, 20, 2|' and made of the same material` as the chamber, preferably of refractory material (chamotte), is

.arranged in the chamber G above the terraced body F and below the vault I6. The arms 20, 2|

are solid, onlya pipe 22 is laid in the arm 2| and has a section 23 extending upwards outside the wall I5 for catching the oil to be gasiiied delivered by the feed pipe 24 and allowing it to drip on to the terraced body F through a section 25 extend- 3 ing downwards from the point of intersection oi the arms I3, I9, 20, 2i. The terraced body can i be raised and lowered and thus the gap 26 remaining between its bottom III and the wall I5 of the chamber for the admission of primary air is adjustable.

In the wall I5 of the chamber G interrupted y circular shafts 21, 23 are provided and the arms i8, I9 have passages 29, 30 communicating with the shafts 21, 28. At the point of intersection of the arms I3, I9, 20, 2| there is a cup 3| with apertures 32 in its walls, for example in the.roof. The cup has concentric passages 34 interrupted 'l by webs 35 and the passages near the edge of the cup have branches 36 which lead/to the side wall 99 of the cup (see Fig. 4). l

The gas generating chamber is unde the action of the chimney draught. y The primary air thereforeenters in the direction of the arrow through the gap 26, and also passes through the terraced body and the apertures I 2, I3, I4 in the cylindrical supports I, 2, 3 into the interior of the chamber G, and thus moves in the opposite direction to the oil dripping on to the top of the terraced body and then owing down over the troughs 3, 4, 5 or 00 their rims I, 8, 9.

Under the terraced body there is, as usual, a heating cup, not shown in the drawing. The downward flowing oil is divided gradually to greater degree of neness and mixes with the 35 primary air entering along Atwo paths. Thus an oil-air mist is formed which heats to a high temperature the underside of the -cup 3|. lThe secondary air is sucked into the interrupted annularr shafts21, 28 and flows into the passages 29, 33. 40 From here it distributes itself over the labyrinth passages in the cup and is therefore conducted along very long tortuous paths through the passages 34 of the cup 3| and past the webs 35. On owingthrough the interrupted annular shafts 21, 28 the secondary airis highly heated; its temperature increases in the passages 29, 30 and attains its/maximum in the cup 3| (glow head), in which it lingers for a long time owing to the circuitous route. In this condition it leaves the cup through the apertures 32, 36 and mixes with the oilair mist so that this burns with a blue ilame which strikes outwards through the nozzle I1. i'

I claim:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a casing, a' vaporizing chamber in the lower part of said casing, a combustion chamber in the upper part of said casing, said vaporizlng chamber being open at the bottom, an evaporator being arranged in said vaporizing chamber and being. spaced from the wall of the casing for the admission of primary air through the gap thus formed, a fuel conduit extending into said vaporizing chamber, the bottom of said combustion chamber being provided with a plurality of apertures connecting said vaporizing chamber with said combustion chamber, a hollow cup-like member being arranged above said evaporator, the wall of said vaporizing chamber being providedwith cavities for the admission of secondary air, passages arranged inside the hollow cup-like member, and further passages connecting said first passages with said cavities, said cup-like member being provided with a plurality of outlets communicating with said passages, said outlets being directed upwardly for leading the secondary air into the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber having an opening at the top for the passage of the flame.

2. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim l, a nozzle being arranged in the opening at the top of the combustion chamber. l

3. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim l, the bottom of said combustion chamber being formed by a cross of intersecting arms arranged above the evaporator, and the hollow cup-like member being carried by said cross of intersecting arms.

4. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim 1, the bottom of said combustion chamber-being formed by a cross of intersecting arms arranged above the evaporator, the hollow cup-like member being carried by said cross of intersecting arms, and at least one of said arms being provided with a channel connecting the passages in said hollow cup-like member with the cavities in said Wallof the vaporizing chamber.

5. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim 1, bodies being arranged in the passages of said hollow cuplike member whereby labyrinths for the passage of the secondary air are formed.

6. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim 1, the bottom of said combustion chamber being formed by a cross of intersecting arms arranged above the evaporator, the hollow cup-like member being carried by said cross oi' intersecting arms, bodies being arranged in the passages of said hollow cup-like member whereby labyrinths for the passage of the secondary air are formed, and at least one of said arms being provided with a channel` connecting the labyrinths with the cavities in said wall of the vaporizing chamber.

7. A liquid iuel burner as claimed in claim l, the bottom of said combustion chamber being formed by a cross of intersecting arms arranged above the evaporator, the hollow cup-like member being carried by said cross, and the fuel conduit extending through one of said arms into the vaporizing chamber.

8. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim l, the bottom of said combustion chamber being formed by a cross of intersecting arms arranged above the evaporator, the hollow cup-like member being carried by said cross of intersecting arms, at least one of said arms being provided with a channel connecting the passages in said hollow cup-like member with the cavities in said wall of the vaporizing chamber, and the fuel conduit extending through another arm of said cross into the vaporizing chamber.

9. A liquid fuel burner as claimed in claim 1, the bottom of said combustion chamber being formed by a cross of intersecting arms arranged above the evaporator, the hollow cup-like member being carried by said cross of intersecting arms, bodies being arranged in the passages of said hollow cup-like member whereby labyrinths for the passage of the secondary air are formed, at least one of said arms being provided with a channel connecting the labyrinths with the cavities in said wall of the vaporizing chamber, and the fuel conduit extending through another arm of said cross into the vaporizing chamber.

HANS MAYER.

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