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US20200040484A1 - Thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber and tricot fabric - Google Patents

Thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber and tricot fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200040484A1
US20200040484A1 US16/481,928 US201816481928A US2020040484A1 US 20200040484 A1 US20200040484 A1 US 20200040484A1 US 201816481928 A US201816481928 A US 201816481928A US 2020040484 A1 US2020040484 A1 US 2020040484A1
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Prior art keywords
sheath
core
conjugate fiber
melting point
polyester
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US16/481,928
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Inventor
Yuta WATANABE
Junji Sato
Minoru Fujimori
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Assigned to TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC. reassignment TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SATO, JUNJI, WATANABE, YUTA, FUJIMORI, MINORU
Publication of US20200040484A1 publication Critical patent/US20200040484A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/06—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B21/08—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber having low fuzz generation in a high-order process, exhibits excellent high-order passability even in uses such as tricot use and the like, requiring a high quality level, enables a woven or knitted fabric having excellent strength, dimensional stability, and durability after thermal adhesion, and having an excellent quality level as a flow path material of a liquid filtration membrane.
  • a polyester fiber is suitable as a raw material fiber for clothing and industrial materials and the like due to its excellent dimensional stability, weather resistance, mechanical properties, durability, and productivity that can be mass-produced relatively inexpensively and the like, and used in various fields and uses.
  • thermally adhesive polyester fiber capable of improving the form retention and rigidity of a fabric.
  • the thermally adhesive polyester fiber is obtained by forming a polyester fiber into a woven or knitted fabric, and then subjecting the fabric to a heat treatment such as calendering to partially melting fibers, thereby thermally adhering the fibers.
  • a heat treatment such as calendering to partially melting fibers, thereby thermally adhering the fibers.
  • thermoly adhesive polyester fiber a yarn composed of 2 or more types of polyesters having different melting points or softening points is suitable.
  • examples include a mixed fiber including a filament yarn, and a sheath-core type or side-by-side type conjugate fiber.
  • a conjugate fiber in which a filament single yarn includes polymers having different melting points has an excellent quality level after thermal adhesion compared to a mixed yarn in which filaments having different melting points are mixed at a single yarn level.
  • a thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber is actively used.
  • the thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber is a sheath-core conjugate yarn having an excellent quality level such as productivity of an original yarn or surface smoothness of a fabric after a heat treatment, wherein a sheath component has a melting point or a softening point lower than that of a core component.
  • a sheath-core conjugate fiber including a core part including a polyester whose main repeating unit includes ethylene terephthalate and a sheath part including a polymer having a softening temperature of 130 to 200° C. has been proposed as the thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 62-184119.
  • the above-mentioned sheath-core conjugate fiber makes it possible to provide a high-quality thermally adhesive woven or knitted fabric having predetermined strength and elongation characteristics without causing occurrence of yarn slippage and embossing due to slippage at a thermal adhesion intersection.
  • the polymer of the sheath part has low crystallinity which does not have a clear melting point. For this reason, when the woven or knitted fabric made of the sheath-core conjugate fiber is subjected to a thermal adhesion treatment, unevenness occurs in adhesion between the conjugate fibers. This causes dimensional stability and variation in the strength and elongation of the fabric, which disadvantageously causes a poor quality level when used as a flow path material of a liquid filtration membrane.
  • the sheath-core conjugate fiber includes a core part including a polymer whose 90% by mole or more of repeating units include ethylene terephthalate and a sheath part including copolymerized polybutylene terephthalate whose 60 to 90% by mole of repeating units include butylene terephthalate.
  • sheath-core conjugate fiber appropriate crystallinity is imparted to the sheath component, and the sheath-core conjugate fiber has good fiber physical properties such as a boiling water contraction ratio and a peak temperature of heat contraction stress, whereby a thermally adhered woven or knitted fabric product having a good quality level can be obtained.
  • a tricot fabric using a thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication Nos. 2011-245454 or 2014-070279 has also been reported.
  • a polyester which includes a sheath component having a melting point significantly lower than that of a high melting point polyester of a core component.
  • the spinning temperature is set based only on the melting point of the core component polyester, the heat deterioration of the sheath component is apt to proceed. Meanwhile, when the spinning temperature is lowered in consideration of the melting point of the sheath component polyester, the strength and elongation characteristics of the core component cannot be maximized so that the conjugate fiber has a poor strength and elongation.
  • the sheath-core conjugate fiber described in JP '918 has a poor strength and elongation, the sheath-core conjugate fiber is processed at a high tension and a high speed, which disadvantageously makes it difficult to develop the sheath-core conjugate fiber into a tricot use in which quality defects of an original yarn such as fuzz notably appear as defects of a fabric. Since the melting point of the sheath component is low, a thermal adhesion temperature after weaving cannot be increased so that the contraction of the conjugate fiber constituting the fabric becomes insufficient. In uses such as a water treatment membrane flow path material in which high dimensional accuracy is required in designing the fabric, there is a problem in dimensional stability when used for a long time under a high pressure.
  • the thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fibers described in JP '454 and JP '279 have a poor strength and elongation so that the thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fibers disadvantageously have not only low high-order passability, but also an insufficient strength and elongation of the fabric to be formed, which disadvantageously causes poor durability when used as the flow path material for a long time.
  • the thermal adhesion temperature after weaving cannot be increased so that the contraction of the fibers constituting the fabric becomes insufficient.
  • uses such as a water treatment membrane flow path material in which high dimensional accuracy is required in designing the fabric there remains a problem in dimensional stability when used for a long time under a high pressure.
  • thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber having low fuzz generation in a high-order process exhibits excellent high-order passability even in uses such as tricot use and the like, requiring a high quality level, enables a woven or knitted fabric having excellent strength, dimensional stability, and durability after thermal adhesion, and having an excellent quality level as a flow path material of a liquid filtration membrane.
  • thermoly adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber having low fuzz generation in a high-order process exhibits excellent high-order passability even in uses such as tricot use and the like, requiring a high quality level, enables a woven or knitted fabric having excellent strength, dimensional stability, and durability after thermal adhesion, and having an excellent quality level as a flow path material of a liquid filtration membrane.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape of a single yarn of a thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the cross-sectional shape of a single yarn of a thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber, and is a diagram for describing a cross-sectional eccentricity ratio.
  • a sheath-core conjugate fiber includes a core component including a polyester having a melting point of 250° C. or higher, and a sheath component including a polyester having a melting point of 215° C. or higher and lower by 20 to 35° C. than the melting point of the polyester constituting a core part.
  • the melting point of the core component polyester is preferably 270° C. or lower from the practical upper limit.
  • the melting point of the core component polyester is 270° C. or lower, the need for extremely high temperature spinning is avoided to enable spinning to be performed using a general-purpose melt spinning device, which is preferable. More preferably, the melting point is 253° C. or higher and 260° C. or lower.
  • the melting point of the sheath component polyester is 215° C. or higher, and preferably 250° C. or lower.
  • a versatile device can be used to thermally adhere the fabric, and smoking caused by an oil agent component in a thermal adhesion treatment can be suppressed, which is preferable.
  • the melting point is 220° C. or higher and 235° C. or lower.
  • the spinning temperature can be set to a temperature that maximizes the strength and elongation of the core component polyester and suppresses the thermal deterioration of the sheath component polyester as much as possible, whereby a conjugate fiber having an excellent strength and elongation, less original yarn fuzz, and an excellent quality level is provided.
  • the melting point difference between the sheath component polyester and the core component polyester is preferably 23° C. or higher and 30° C. or lower.
  • the softening temperature of the core component polyester is preferably 245° C. or higher, and the softening temperature of the sheath component polyester is preferably 205° C. or higher.
  • the softening temperature of the core component polyester is 245° C. or higher, whereby the dimensional change of the fabric is less, and the form of the fabric is stable when the fabric is subjected to a thermal adhesion treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the sheath component polyester, which is preferable.
  • the softening temperature of the core component polyester is more preferably 250° C. or higher.
  • the upper limit of the softening temperature of the core component polyester is practically 270° C.
  • the softening temperature of the sheath component polyester is more preferably 215° C. or higher.
  • the softening temperature of the sheath component polyester is more preferably 215° C. or higher.
  • the core component polyester is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter, referred to as PET) from the viewpoint of dimensional stability and strength and elongation characteristics.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the PET is a polyester obtained by using terephthalic acid as a main acid component and ethylene glycol as a main glycol component.
  • the core component polyester may appropriately include a copolymerization component as long as the melting point is within the range described above.
  • Examples of compounds copolymerizable with, for example, PET include dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, succinic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, dimeric acid, sebacic acid, and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, and diols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, butanediol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and bisphenol A ethylene oxide adduct.
  • dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, succinic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, dimeric acid, sebacic acid, and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid
  • diols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 2,2-dimethyl
  • 100% of the compound is homo PET including repeating units of ethylene terephthalate from the viewpoint of dimension stability and strength and elongation characteristics. If necessary, inorganic fine particles made of titanium dioxide and the like as a matting agent, and silica fine particles and the like as a lubricant may be added.
  • the sheath component polyester optional polyesters can be selected as long as the melting point is within the above-mentioned range.
  • PET polytrimethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate are preferable.
  • the PET is particularly preferably used as the sheath component polyester, in consideration of the peeling suppression of a composite interface.
  • an optional copolymerization component can be added at an optional ratio as long as the melting point is within the above-mentioned range.
  • copolymerized PET When 70% by mole or more of copolymerized PET includes repeating units of ethylene terephthalate, moderate crystallinity can be imparted to a polymer, to provide stabilized spinning operability, which is preferable. When the fabric is subjected to thermal adhesion, thermal adhesion unevenness is less likely to occur, which is preferable. It is more preferable that 80% by mole or more of copolymerized PET includes repeating units of ethylene terephthalate. When a polymer other than PET is used as the sheath component polyester, a copolymerization component can be appropriately added as long as original yarn productivity and the quality level of the fabric after a thermal adhesion treatment are not impaired.
  • copolymerization component optional components such as the above-mentioned copolymerization component can be copolymerized. Regardless of the type of a polymer selected, if necessary, inorganic fine particles made of titanium dioxide and the like as a matting agent, and silica fine particles and the like as a lubricant may be added.
  • the intrinsic viscosity (hereinafter, referred to as IV) of the conjugate fiber is preferably 0.55 to 0.75.
  • IV the intrinsic viscosity
  • the toughness of the conjugate fiber sufficient for withstanding practical use can be achieved without a degree of polymerization being too low, which is preferable.
  • IV is 0.75 or less, IV is not too high during spinning. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the amount of COOH during melt spinning without making it necessary to perform extreme high temperature spinning, and provide a uniform conjugate fiber without causing melt fracture, and causes no decrease in the toughness, which is preferable.
  • IV is 0.60 to 0.70.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sheath-core conjugate fiber.
  • a core component 1 is surrounded by a sheath component 2 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the conjugate fiber is not particularly limited as long as a high melting point component is disposed in a core part and a low melting point component is disposed in a sheath form to cover the core part, but it is preferable that the sheath component completely covers the core component without exposing the core component.
  • the eccentricity ratio of the center of gravity of the core component with respect to the center of gravity of the entire conjugate fiber is preferably 5% or less in the cross section of the conjugate fiber because of the productivity of the original yarn and the stability of physical properties such as Uster unevenness U %.
  • the eccentricity ratio is 5% or less, coiled crimp is not expressed even if the combination of the polymers of the core component and the sheath component is a combination which causes a difference in contraction, which preferably provides an excellent quality level of the fabric. More preferably, the eccentricity ratio is 1% or less.
  • the cross-sectional outer peripheral shape of the conjugate fiber is preferably a substantially circular shape with a flat ratio represented by AB and being 1.1 or less, where A is a major axis of an outer peripheral shape and B is a minor axis thereof.
  • a shape can uniformly disperse and receive a force when an external tension is applied, and provides also less variation in strength and elongation in the S-S curve of the conjugate fiber, which is preferable.
  • the flat ratio is 1.0.
  • the composite ratio of the core component and the sheath component in the sheath-core conjugate fiber is set such that the cross-sectional area ratio (core:sheath) is preferably 40:60 to 90:10, and more preferably 55:45 to 75:25.
  • the conjugate fiber can be stably produced, has an excellent strength and elongation, has low fuzz generation, and can maintain a strength and an elongation even during thermal adhesion of the fabric, which is preferable.
  • the content of inorganic particles included in the core component is 3.0% by weight or less, to improve the toughness, which is preferable.
  • the content is more preferably 0.5% by weight or less.
  • the content of inorganic fine particles included in the sheath component is 0.05% by weight or more, to improve the process passability, which is preferable. More preferably, the content of the inorganic fine particles included in the sheath component is 0.05% by weight or more and 0.5% by weight or less because a guide is not excessively abraded during process passing, and unnecessary falling of the inorganic particles when the conjugate fiber is used as a flow path material is not caused.
  • the inorganic fine particles are preferably made of titanium oxide from the viewpoint of the process passability as the conjugate fiber.
  • the conjugate fiber preferably has a total fineness of 30 dtex or more. By setting the total fineness to 30 dtex or more, a sufficient strength and rigidity can be ensured by a thermal adhesion treatment. When the conjugate fiber is used as the flow path material, a sufficient passing amount of a permeation liquid can be secured even if a water pressure acts.
  • the total fineness is preferably 90 dtex or less, and more preferably 40 dtex or more. By setting the total fineness to 90 dtex or less, the thinning of the fabric can be achieved.
  • the conjugate fiber is used as the flow path material, the number of laminated layers per unit formed by bonding the filtration membrane and the flow path material can be increased, which is preferable.
  • the single yarn fineness of the conjugate fiber is preferably 3.0 dtex or less.
  • the single yarn fineness is preferably 0.7 dtex or more, and more preferably 1.5 dtex or more and 2.5 dtex or less.
  • the single yarn fineness By setting the single yarn fineness to 0.7 dtex or more, less yarn unevenness and original yarn fuzz are provided, which enables stable production, and knitting yarn breakage is less, which provides excellent high-order passability, and appropriate rigidity of the fabric to be formed, which is preferable.
  • the conjugate fiber has a strength of 3.8 cN/dtex or more and an elongation of 35% or more.
  • a fabric to be formed has a high strength.
  • the fabric has excellent durability when the fabric is used as a flow path material.
  • the practical upper limit of the strength is 7.0 cN/dtex.
  • the elongation is more preferably 35 to 50%.
  • a woven or knitted fabric obtained by setting the elongation to 50% or less has excellent dimensional stability, which is preferable.
  • Uster unevenness U % which is an index of thickness unevenness in the fiber longitudinal direction of the conjugate fiber is preferably set to 1.4% or less.
  • the Uster unevenness U % is 1.4% or less, the surface of the fabric after thermal adhesion becomes smooth, and a uniform flow path can be formed when the fabric is used as the flow path material, which is preferable. More preferably, the Uster unevenness U % is 1.0% or less.
  • the dry-heat contraction ratio of the conjugate fiber is preferably 20% or less. By setting the dry-heat contraction ratio to 20% or less, a dimensional change due to a thermal adhesion treatment can be suppressed, which is preferable.
  • the practical lower limit of the dry-heat contraction ratio is 2.0%.
  • a preferred yarn production method will be described.
  • a spinneret used for a melt spinning method of a thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber an existing composite spinning spinneret can be used.
  • melting method examples include a pressure melter method and an extruder method, but melting provided by an extruder is preferable from the viewpoint of efficiency and suppression of decomposition.
  • a melting temperature is preferably set to be higher by 10 to 40° C. than the melting point of a polymer to be used.
  • the spinning temperature is preferably 280 to 295° C. More preferably, the spinning temperature is 285° C. to 293° C. By employing such a spinning temperature, a conjugate fiber having a high toughness and good yarn producing properties can be obtained.
  • a heater may be provided below a spinneret to alleviate rapid cooling immediately below the spinneret.
  • the core component and the sheath component are separately melt-kneaded, precisely discharged and measured through a heating zone, passed through a filter layer for trapping extraneous matters, and discharged, stringed, and cooled using a composite spinneret to provide a sheath-core form.
  • a polymer residence time which is a passage time from melting to discharging is within 30 minutes, the thermal deterioration of the polymer can be reduced, and a decrease in IV is suppressed, whereby a decrease in the toughness of the yarn can be prevented.
  • An increase in the amount of COOH in the conjugate fiber can be suppressed, whereby suppressed fuzz, excellent heat resistance, excellent high-order passability, and improved durability of the fabric to be formed can be provided, which is preferable.
  • the polymer residence time is 20 minutes or less.
  • a spinneret surface temperature is preferably set to 270° C. or higher and 290° C. or lower from the balance between the strength and elongation and the productivity.
  • the spinneret surface temperature By setting the spinneret surface temperature to 270° C. or higher, the characteristics of the core component can be maximized, whereby a yarn having an excellent strength and elongation can be obtained.
  • the spinneret surface temperature By setting the spinneret surface temperature to 290° C. or lower, an increase in yarn breakage due to the deposition of a polymer hydrolyzate immediately below the spinneret is suppressed, which provides excellent original yarn productivity, which is preferable.
  • the sheath-core conjugate fiber can be manufactured by any of a two-step method in which a discharged polymer is once wound up as an undrawn yarn and then drawn, and a one-step method such as a direct spinning drawing method in which spinning and drawing steps are continuously performed, or a high speed yarn producing method.
  • a stretching temperature is preferably 60° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower, which is near the glass transition temperature of the undrawn yarn.
  • the stretching temperature is 75° C. or higher and 95° C. or lower.
  • the fiber is thermally set at a temperature which the crystallization rate of the undrawn yarn becomes the largest after stretching.
  • the temperature is preferably set to 110° C. or higher and 180° C. or lower.
  • the thermal setting at 110° C. or higher makes it possible not only to promote the crystallization of the fiber to increase the strength but also to stabilize various kinds of yarn physical properties including contraction stress and a dry-heat contraction ratio, which is preferable.
  • the thermal setting at 180° C. or lower makes it possible to prevent deterioration in productivity due to the fusion of the conjugate fiber to a thermal setting device, which is preferable.
  • a relative viscosity ⁇ r is obtained according to the following formula by dissolving 0.8 g of a sample in 10 mL of O-chlorophenol (OCP) having a purity of 98% or more, and using an Ostwald viscometer at 25° C., to calculate an intrinsic viscosity (IV).
  • OCP O-chlorophenol
  • IV Intrinsic viscosity
  • a dried sample was placed on a sample stage by using a thermal mechanical device (TMA/SS-6000) manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., and measured at a heating rate of 16° C./min from room temperature to 300° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere using a needle probe having a tip diameter of 1.0 mm in a state where a measurement load was set to 10 g. A temperature at the start of displacement was taken as a softening temperature.
  • TMA/SS-6000 thermal mechanical device manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.
  • the cross section of a fiber was observed by using a microscope VHX-2000 manufactured by Keyence Corporation, and each value was measured with an attached image analysis software.
  • C1 number 3 in FIG. 2
  • Cf number 4 in FIG. 2
  • rf radius of the conjugate fiber
  • Cross-sectional flat ratio major axis A /minor axis B.
  • the fineness, the strength, the elongation, and the toughness were measured according to JIS L1013 (2010, chemical fiber filament yarn test method).
  • the toughness was calculated according to the following formula:
  • the Uster unevenness U % was measured in a normal mode using USTER TESTER 4-CX manufactured by Zellweger while feeding a yarn at a speed of 200 m/min for 5 minutes.
  • Ten skeins were produced using a frame measuring device having a frame circumference of 1.0 m, and the boiling water contraction ratio and the dry-heat contraction ratio were calculated according to the following formula. Both an original length and a length after treatment were measured in a state where a load was applied ⁇ (notified fineness (dtex) ⁇ 2)g ⁇ . Regarding a contraction treatment, the boiling water contraction ratio was obtained by immersing in boiling water for 15 minutes, and the dry-heat contraction ratio was obtained by treating at 200° C. for 5 minutes.
  • Contraction ratio (%) ⁇ (original length ( L 1) ⁇ length after treatment ( L 2))/original length ( L 1) ⁇ 100.
  • Score 3 The number of fuzzes in all of the 48 fibers: 0
  • Score 2 The average number of fuzzes of the 48 fibers: less than 0.1, and the maximum number of fuzzes in the 48 fibers: 1
  • Score 1 The average number of fuzzes of the 48 fibers: 0.1 or more and less than 0.3, and the maximum number of fuzzes in the 48 fibers: 1
  • Score 0 The average number of fuzzes in the 48 fibers: 0.3 or more, or the maximum number of fuzzes in the 48 fibers: 2 or more.
  • Score 3 The number of warping fuzzes: less than 0.3/10 million m, and the number of knitting yarn breakages: less than 0.5/200 m
  • Score 2 The number of warping fuzzes: 0.3/10 million m or more and less than 0.6/10 million m, and the number of knitting yarn breakages: less than 0.5/200 m, or the number of warping fuzzes: less than 0.3/10 million m, and the number of knitting yarn breakages: 0.5/200 m or more and less than 1.0/200 m
  • Score 1 The number of warping fuzzes: 0.3/10 million m or more and less than 0.6/10 million m, and the number of knitting yarn breakages: 0.5/200 m or more and less than 1.0/200 m
  • Score 0 The number of warping fuzzes: 0.6/10 million m or more, or the number of knitting yarn breakages: 1.0/200 m or more.
  • a tricot fabric was produced by the method of (10), and a heat treatment was performed at a melting point of a sheath component+10° C. with a pin tenter dryer in a non-loaded state to produce a thermally adhered fabric.
  • the strength of the fabric after thermal adhesion was measured in accordance with JIS 1096: 2010 (testing methods for woven and knitted fabrics) in a wale (vertical) direction and a course (horizontal) direction, and the following scores were made based on the strength values:
  • Score 3 600 N/5 cm or more in vertical direction and 100 N/5 cm or more in horizontal direction
  • Score 2 500 N/5 cm or more and less than 600 N/5 cm in vertical direction and 100 N/5 cm or more in horizontal direction, or 600 N/5 cm or more in vertical direction, and 80 N/5 cm or more and 100 N/5 cm or less in horizontal direction0
  • Score 1 500 N/5 cm or more and less than 600 N/5 cm in vertical direction, and 80 N/5 cm or more and less than 100 N/5 cm in horizontal direction
  • Score 0 less than 500 N/5 cm in vertical direction or less than 80 N/5 cm in horizontal direction.
  • a tricot fabric after thermal adhesion produced in the same manner as in (11) was sandwiched between two RO separation membranes each having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m, to form a spiral type unit.
  • the spiral type unit was incorporated into a module having a diameter of 0.2 m and a length of 1 m.
  • Sea water having a TDS (soluble evaporation residue) of 3.5% by weight was filtered at a liquid temperature of 25° C. under a differential pressure of 4.5 MPa for 5 days.
  • the electrical conductivity of the permeation liquid was measured after 5 days, and the removal rate of magnesium sulfate was calculated.
  • the amount of a permeation liquid after 5 days was measured, and a water production amount per day was calculated. Based on the results of the test, the following evaluation scores were made:
  • Score 3 The removal rate of magnesium sulfate: 99.8% or more, and the water production amount: 45 m 3 /day or more
  • Score 2 The removal rate of magnesium sulfate: 99.8% or more, and the water production amount: 40 m 3 /day or more and less than 45 m 3 /day, or the removal ratio of magnesium sulfate: 99.0% or more and less than 99.8%, and the water production amount: 45 m 3 /day or more
  • Score 1 The removal rate of magnesium sulfate: 99.0% or more and less than 99.8%, and the water production amount: 40 m 3 /day or more and less than 45 m 3 /day
  • Score 0 The removal rate of magnesium sulfate: less than 99.0%, or the water production amount: less than 40 m 3 /day.
  • the components were discharged in a sheath-core conjugate form having a composite area ratio of 65:35 to form a concentric sheath-core cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 1 (cross-sectional eccentricity ratio: 0%, and cross-sectional plat ratio: 1.0).
  • the high melting point component was disposed in a core and the low melting point component was disposed in a sheath.
  • a direct spinning method which drawing and winding were consistently performed was adopted, and the discharged polymer was taken up by a take-up roll (1st HR) set to a surface temperature of 85° C. at a speed of 1728 m/min through a cooling part and a fueling part.
  • the polymer was continuously wound around a heat treatment roll (2nd HR) set at 128° C. at 4489 m/min without being wound once, and a 2.6-fold stretching was performed.
  • the tensions of the stretched and heat-treated yarns were adjusted with a godet roller (3rd GR, 4th GR) set to 4549 m/min and 4584 m/min.
  • a cheese-shaped package was wound at a speed of 4500 m/min and a tension of 0.20 cN/dtex, to obtain a sheath-core conjugate fiber having 56 dtex-24 filaments.
  • the evaluation results for the obtained fibers were shown in Table 1.
  • Uster unevenness U % was 0.4%; a boiling water contraction ratio was 10.3%; and a dry-heat contraction ratio was 17.2%.
  • the fiber had an excellent strength and elongation, an excellent toughness, and low original yarn fuzz generation.
  • the obtained original yarn was used for both a front yarn and a back yarn, and knitting was performed at a double denby structure seam using a tricot knitting machine (36 gauges) including two guide bars.
  • the fiber had less warping fuzz generation, less yarn breakage during knitting, and excellent high-order passability.
  • a fabric strength after a thermal adhesion treatment with a pintenter at 240° C. (the melting point of the sheath component+10° C.) was high.
  • the high temperature heat treatment caused a tricot flow path material to have excellent dimensional stability, and could secure a stable water production amount while maintaining membrane performance without causing the breakage or clogging of the flow path material in continuous use.
  • Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were the same as Example 1 except that the melting points of a core component polyester and a sheath component polyester were adjusted as shown in Table 1 such that a copolymerization ratio was changed by using the copolymerization component used in the sheath component of Example 1, and an appropriate spinning temperature was adopted according to the adjustment.
  • the evaluation results are as shown in Table 1.
  • Example 5 was the same as Example 1 except that a DSD for a spinning machine was changed to a two-step method, and a spinning condition and the like was incidentally adjusted.
  • the evaluation results are as shown in Table 1.
  • Examples 6 to 7 were the same as Example 1 except that the discharge hole shape of a spinneret was changed, and a cross-sectional shape and the eccentricity ratio of a core-sheath were changed as shown in Table 2. The evaluation results are as shown in Table 2.
  • Examples 8 to 11 were the same as Example 1 except that the fineness of a conjugate fiber and the number of filaments were changed as shown in Table 2. The evaluation results are as shown in Table 2.
  • Examples 12 to 14 were the same as Example 1 except that the amounts of titanium oxide added to a core component polyester and a sheath component polyester were changed as shown in Table 3. The evaluation results are as shown in Table 3.
  • Examples 15 to 17 were the same as Example 1 except that the discharge amounts of a core component polyester and a sheath component polyester were changed, and the ratio of a core-sheath was as shown in Table 3. The evaluation results are as shown in Table 3.
  • Example 1 Example 2
  • Example 3 Example 4 Spinning Production method — DSD DSD DSD DSD condition Spinning temperature ° C. 290 285 280 295 Spinneret surface temperature ° C. 281 278 273 287
  • Raw material Core component melting point ° C. 255 250 250 255 polymer Core component softening ° C. 253 247 247 253 temperature
  • Core component polymer PET CoPET CoPET PET Sheath component melting point ° C. 230 220 215 235 Sheath component softening ° C. 227 215 208 232 temperature
  • Example 6 Example 7
  • Example 8 Example 9
  • Example 10 Example 11
  • Raw material Core component melting point ° C. 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 polymer Core component softening ° C. 253 253 253 253 253 253 temperature
  • Example 12 Example 13
  • Example 14 Example 15
  • Example 16 Example 17
  • Raw material Core component melting point ° C. 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 polymer Core component softening ° C. 253 253 253 253 253 253 temperature
  • Sheath component melting point ° C. 230 230 230 230 230 230 Sheath component softening ° C. 227 227 227 227 227 227 227 227 temperature Melting point difference of ° C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
US16/481,928 2017-02-09 2018-02-06 Thermally adhesive sheath-core conjugate fiber and tricot fabric Abandoned US20200040484A1 (en)

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US12318735B2 (en) 2019-09-18 2025-06-03 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Reverse osmosis membrane and method for manufacturing same
US12370498B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2025-07-29 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Spiral wound-type separation membrane module and method of manufacturing same
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US12420237B2 (en) 2019-09-17 2025-09-23 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Filter structure having function of selectively collecting water through opposite ends thereof and filtering method using same
US12318735B2 (en) 2019-09-18 2025-06-03 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Reverse osmosis membrane and method for manufacturing same
US12370498B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2025-07-29 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Spiral wound-type separation membrane module and method of manufacturing same
US20210322927A1 (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-21 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Spiral-wound filter module exhibiting almost no heavy metal leaching and manufacturing method thereof
US12337283B2 (en) * 2020-04-17 2025-06-24 Toray Advanced Materials Korea Inc. Spiral-wound filter module exhibiting almost no heavy metal leaching and manufacturing method thereof
KR20220140190A (ko) * 2021-04-09 2022-10-18 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 반발탄성이 우수한 열접착성 복합섬유 및 이를 포함하는 섬유집합체
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