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US20100112151A1 - High-voltage pulsed electrical field for antimicrobial treatment - Google Patents

High-voltage pulsed electrical field for antimicrobial treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100112151A1
US20100112151A1 US12/609,802 US60980209A US2010112151A1 US 20100112151 A1 US20100112151 A1 US 20100112151A1 US 60980209 A US60980209 A US 60980209A US 2010112151 A1 US2010112151 A1 US 2010112151A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
container
electrodes
product
electrical pulse
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/609,802
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Bluestein
Mikhail Verbitsky
Natalia Shibanova
Rusian Yudin
Rostislav Khorenyan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pepsico Inc
Original Assignee
Pepsico Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pepsico Inc filed Critical Pepsico Inc
Priority to US12/609,802 priority Critical patent/US20100112151A1/en
Publication of US20100112151A1 publication Critical patent/US20100112151A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A23B2/60—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by treatment with electric currents without heating effect

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and system for antimicrobial treatment.
  • this invention relates to a method and system for fluid media treatment to inactivate harmful microorganisms using high-voltage nanosecond pulsed electrical field.
  • a high intensity pulsed electric field may be employed for treating fluid medium, such as liquid products (including, but not limited to, liquid foods and medicines), to inactivate biocontamination, such as bacteria, fungi, spores etc.
  • PEF inactivates microorganisms causing damage to their cell membranes or injuring their subcellular structure.
  • PEF processing systems include a pulsed high voltage generator and electrodes for creating an electric field in a treatment chamber.
  • PEF processes use high voltage pulses to generate short duration pulsating electric fields in a product. The short duration of pulses is preferred to prevent undesirable heating of the treated product.
  • PEF systems generally require direct physical and electrical contact between the medium being treated and the electrodes during the treatment. Such systems typically generate a field strength within a range of 5-100 kV/cm and have a pulse duration in the range of about 0.1-100 microseconds.
  • pulse duration may be less effective when attempting to treat packaged products (treatment of a medium not in direct contact with the electrodes) because of the high energy loss due to various reasons—e.g. the packaging materials and air gaps between electrodes and packaging may diminish the effect of the pulse. Additionally, high energy pulses may not be able to be applied to treat foods with high electrical conductivity because intensive electric current may cause electrical breakdown of the food and change its organoleptic properties.
  • aspects of the invention may overcome disadvantages in the prior art, provide devices and methods for non-contact antimicrobial treatment of packaged products, and prevent the electrical breakdown of dielectric packaging material, which may occur when a high voltage pulsed electrical field is applied. In certain aspects, this may be accomplished by creating a quasi-uniform electrical field of high intensity in products placed into dielectric containers of complex shape.
  • FIG. 1 shows an illustrative pulsed electric field treatment device according to some embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A depicts an illustrative chart of the output of the high voltage generator in some embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 2B depicts an illustrative chart of the pulse packet formed on electrodes in some embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an illustrative application of a pulsed electric field treatment device to a conveyer-escalator type filling line according to aspects of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows an illustrative application of a pulsed electric field treatment device to a conveyer-rotator type filling line according to aspects of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows an illustrative flow chart of a method that may be used to treat a product in a container according to aspects of the invention.
  • FIG. 6A shows an illustrative complex electrode shape according to aspects of the invention.
  • FIG. 6B shows a second illustrative complex electrode shape according to aspects of the invention.
  • a method and system for treatment of a product to inactivate harmful microorganisms using a high-voltage nanosecond pulsed electrical field is disclosed.
  • the product to be treated can be any of various items including products containing oil and/or water, foodstuffs, beverages, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, etc.
  • the products may be packaged in many types of containers including bottles, which may be made from a polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary pulsed electric field treatment system 100 for processing products.
  • Treatment system 100 may include high voltage generator 110 , treatment assembly 120 , and one or more electrodes 140 .
  • Treatment assembly 120 may be filled with a medium 130 having high dielectric permeability, generally higher than approximately 30.
  • medium 130 may be de-ionized water, generally having a high dielectric permeability of approximately 80.
  • the system may be used to treat a product 150 , which may be contained by a product container 160 .
  • One embodiment depicted in FIG. 1 may include two electrodes 140 that may be connected to generator 110 via wires 172 , 174 .
  • one of electrodes 140 may be grounded.
  • a space 190 may be formed between the electrodes 140 and may form a treatment zone where a product may be treated by an electrical field.
  • the container 160 containing product 150 may be made of a dielectric material.
  • the container 160 may have regular or complex shape.
  • the thickness of the walls of container 160 may be in the range of 50 micrometers to 1 millimeter. In some embodiments, the thickness of the walls of container 160 may be between 50 and 400 micrometers. In aspects of the invention, limiting the thickness of the walls of container 160 may minimize energy losses in the walls of container 160 .
  • Generator 110 may produce high-voltage single-polarity or dual-polarity electrical pulses. Exemplary amplitudes 220 of such pulses may range from 100 to 1000 kilovolts as depicted in FIG. 2A .
  • the output voltage generated by generator 110 may be selected by determining the electrical field strength desired inside product 150 to inactivate undesirable and/or harmful microorganisms. Energy losses that may occur due to container 160 thickness, gaps 180 between electrodes 140 and container 160 , size of container 160 , and product's 150 properties may be taken into account in determining the electrical field strength desired and/or the output voltage to be generated. In some embodiments, the electrical field strength inside product 150 is in the range of 10 to 100 kilovolts/centimeter.
  • the pulse generated by generator 110 may have a duration 230 of approximately 5 to 50 nanoseconds and a rise time 240 of approximately 1 nanosecond.
  • the nanosecond rise time may generate an electrical field of high intensity that may be delivered to the product through the dielectric material of the walls of container 160 and through the gaps between electrodes 140 and the walls of container 160 without significant losses. Pulses having short duration may avoid undesirable heating and may reduce the cost of running generator 110 due to reduced energy consumption during treatment of product 150 .
  • the number of pulses, pulse frequency, shape, and the input pulse voltage may vary based on the type of product 150 being treated, the type of microorganism contamination for which product 150 is being treated, and the required time of treatment. In some embodiments, between 1 and 10,000 pulses may be generated with an input pulse voltage in the range of 100 to 1000 kilovolts. In certain embodiments, the frequency of pulses generated may be between 1 and 10,000 Hz.
  • Electrodes 140 together with the container 160 may be placed into treatment assembly 120 , which may be filled by medium 130 having high dielectric permeability. Electrodes 140 and container 160 do not need to be in direct contact, allowing a gap 180 .
  • Electrodes 140 may be made of various materials and may be of many shapes and sizes. In some embodiments, electrodes 140 are composed of a metal material. In one embodiment, electrodes 140 may be made of stainless steel. Stainless steel electrodes 140 may reduce electron emission from the metal to the surrounding media 130 when subjected to an electric field. Reduction of electron emission may minimize the probability of the electrical breakdown of the dielectric material of container 160 .
  • electrodes 140 may be flat plates. This shape may provide a quasi-uniform electrical field inside product 150 .
  • the size of electrodes 140 and inter-electrode space 190 may vary depending on the size of container 160 .
  • electrodes may have a complex shape as depicted in FIGS. 6A and 6B .
  • the embodiment depicted in FIG. 6A shows electrodes 140 having a complex shape similar to the exterior shape of container 160 .
  • electrodes 140 may be of an exact shape to match the shape of container 160 such that electrodes 140 are in direct contact with container 160 .
  • electrodes 140 may not be in direct contact with container 160 such that there is a gap between electrodes 140 and container 160 .
  • electrodes 140 may directly contact container 160 whereas other embodiments may leave a gap between electrodes 140 and container 160 .
  • the embodiment depicted in FIG. 6B employs a sponge 644 or sponge-like material.
  • electrodes 140 may be attached to a surface of sponge 644 and electrodes 140 may be composed of a flexible metalized film.
  • Flexible electrodes 140 attached to a sponge 644 may allow the electrodes to form a complex shape similar to the shape of the exterior of container 160 .
  • the assembly may also include an electrode holder 646 to which sponge 644 may be attached. Electrode holder 646 may provide a firm surface to grip or attach to the rest of the assembly. There are many other possible electrode configurations.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are merely illustrative of two possible embodiments.
  • Other embodiments may include depositing electrodes on the surface of container 160 such as part of a bottle label or design, embedding electrodes into aspects of the treatment assembly (such as attaching electrodes to portions of the assembly that grip or transfer container 160 , etc.
  • at least one of electrodes 140 may have a knife-point edge or be a point-source electrode.
  • electrodes 140 may have a length comparable to the pulse 230 wavelength.
  • numerous pulses 230 may be reflected from both ends of electrodes 140 and form a pulse packet 250 within product 150 as shown in FIG. 2B .
  • the formation of pulse packet 250 may result in increasing efficacy of the inactivation of harmful microorganisms by affecting the microorganisms' membranes or injuring their subcellular structure.
  • the formation of pulse packet 250 within product 150 from a single generated pulse 230 (as depicted in FIG. 2A ) may increase the number of voltage swings that product 150 is subjected to as compared to a traditional single pulse.
  • each pulse 230 generated by generator 110 may result in an electrical field present in product 150 that includes a group of pulses, or a pulse packet 250 , without requiring additional energy from generator 110 .
  • Variation in the length of electrodes 140 may provide different combinations of pulse interactions in the pulse packet 250 (i.e., different amplitudes, frequencies, and rise times).
  • certain embodiments may have a space between electrodes 140 (the “treatment zone” 190 or inter-electrode space) ranging from approximately 1 to approximately 10 centimeters.
  • the “treatment zone” 190 or inter-electrode space” may be used for containers 160 made of different dielectric materials.
  • gaps 180 may be between 0.1 millimeters and 2 centimeters, depending on the electrical breakdown properties of the dielectric material of container 160 , the thickness of the walls of container 160 , and the shape of container 160 .
  • treatment of the packaged product 150 may simultaneously inactivate microorganisms' in product 150 and in the inner surface of container 160 . In such embodiments, the need to separately disinfect container 160 may be eliminated and the total cost of production may therefore be reduced.
  • treatment assembly 120 may be filled with a medium 130 .
  • medium 130 may have a high dielectric permeability, which may assist in: (i) forming a quasi-uniform electrical field in all parts of the product 150 , which is placed into container 160 (container 160 may be of a complex or regular shape); (ii) avoiding the electrical breakdown of the dielectric material of container 160 by diminishing the effect of electrical voltage concentrators, which generally exist on electrodes' 140 surface, (iii) passing an electrical field of high intensity to product 150 through the gaps between electrodes 140 and the walls of container 160 without significant losses.
  • Embodiments including a medium 130 having a high dielectric permeability may result in less significant losses than embodiments including a medium having low dielectric permeability, such as air gaps.
  • medium 130 may also have low conductivity.
  • a treatment assembly may be filled with a medium 130 .
  • a container meant to hold a product may be sterilized in step 510 and the product may be placed into the container in step 520 .
  • the product may be placed into the container in step 520 and the container may be sterilized 510 after the product is in the container.
  • the container may then be sterilized separately from the product in step 510 , or, alternatively, the container may be sterilized when an electrical pulse is generated in step 540 , described below.
  • the container may be placed into the treatment assembly.
  • the container may be placed in the treatment assembly in any of a variety of ways, including, for example, manually placing the container in the treatment assembly, placing the container on a conveyor line, etc.
  • An electrical pulse may be generated in step 540 .
  • the electrical pulse may be generated using a high voltage generator or any other system capable of producing an electrical pulse with the desired characteristics, such as field strength, duration, etc.
  • a series of electrical pulses may be generated.
  • the wavelength of the pulse generated may be comparable to the length of the electrodes such that a pulse packet is generated.
  • FIG. 3 depicts one possible embodiment of the present invention that may be integrated with a conveyer line 310 .
  • Conveyor line 310 may be used for filling container 360 with product 350 .
  • the example shown in FIG. 3 depicts beverages as product 350 and bottles as container 360 .
  • the pulsed electrical field treatment device 100 may be placed along conveyer line 310 .
  • Treatment assembly 320 may include an area that may be filled with a medium 330 .
  • medium 330 may be a medium having a high dielectric permeability.
  • medium 330 may be de-ionized water.
  • Conveyor 310 may transport product containers 360 to treatment assembly 320 .
  • product containers 360 may be bottles.
  • product containers 360 may be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles.
  • a segment of conveyer line 310 may be modified to create a conveyer-escalator 315 .
  • Product containers 360 may be transported along conveyor line 310 and, when transported to conveyer-escalator 315 , product containers 360 may enter treatment assembly 320 .
  • product 350 and container 360 may pass between two electrodes 140 .
  • product 350 and container 360 may be treated by electrical field pulses generated between electrodes 140 .
  • High voltage pulses may be transmitted to electrodes 140 via wires 172 , 174 from generator 110 .
  • undesirable and/or harmful microorganisms in product 350 and on the inner surface of container 360 may be inactivated.
  • FIG. 4 depicts another possible embodiment of the present invention that may be integrated with a conveyer line (not shown).
  • Conveyor line may be used for filling container 460 with product 450 .
  • conveyer line may include conveyer-rotator 415 .
  • product containers 460 may be bottles and product 450 may be beverages.
  • product containers 460 may be PET bottles.
  • the pulsed electrical field treatment device 100 may be placed along conveyor line.
  • Treatment assembly 420 may include an area that may be filled with a medium 430 .
  • medium 430 may be a medium having a high dielectric permeability.
  • medium 430 may be de-ionized water.
  • Conveyor may transport product containers 460 to treatment assembly 420 .
  • Container 460 may then enter a cell 417 of conveyer-rotator 415 , which may then transport container 460 to treatment assembly 420 .
  • product 450 and container 460 may be treated by electrical field pulses generated between electrodes 140 .
  • High voltage pulses may be transmitted to electrodes 140 via wires 172 , 174 from generator 110 .
  • undesirable and/or harmful microorganisms in product 450 and on the inner surface of container 460 may be inactivated.
  • electrodes 140 may be connected to or a part of cell 417 , such that portions of the interior lining of cell 417 may constitute electrodes 140 (one portion constituting a ground electrode and another portion constituting a charged electrode).

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
US12/609,802 2008-11-05 2009-10-30 High-voltage pulsed electrical field for antimicrobial treatment Abandoned US20100112151A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/609,802 US20100112151A1 (en) 2008-11-05 2009-10-30 High-voltage pulsed electrical field for antimicrobial treatment

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US11157708P 2008-11-05 2008-11-05
US12/609,802 US20100112151A1 (en) 2008-11-05 2009-10-30 High-voltage pulsed electrical field for antimicrobial treatment

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110064848A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Wlaschin Aaron P Use of electricity to increase the transfer of molecules across biological membranes for the acceleration of dairy fermentation
CN106998765A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2017-08-01 Bcgi机械工业与无形资产管理有限公司 通过电解对封闭容器中的封闭容器内容物进行灭菌的系统和方法以及相应的包装后灭菌容器
DE102016115498A1 (de) * 2016-08-22 2018-02-22 B. Braun Avitum Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Sterilisation eines Dialysators
WO2018236418A1 (fr) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-27 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Chips frites en conditions atmosphériques, équipement et leur procédé de fabrication
US10694770B2 (en) * 2015-04-21 2020-06-30 Arc Aroma Pure Ab Chamber for pulsed electric field generation

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018006141A1 (fr) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-11 Adriano Duvoisin Charles Système et procédé pour l'application d'énergie électromagnétique à des contenus conditionnés et équipement correspondant
GB2578437A (en) * 2018-10-26 2020-05-13 C Tech Innovation Ltd A can and treatment method of the contents using electric fields

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US3735764A (en) * 1970-11-23 1973-05-29 O Balev Instrument for crushing stones in urinary bladder
US4457221A (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-07-03 Geren David K Sterilization apparatus
US4838154A (en) * 1985-05-31 1989-06-13 Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus for extending the shelf life of fluid food products
US5055312A (en) * 1987-01-29 1991-10-08 Victor Hildebrand Electric conduction cooking package
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US6083544A (en) * 1998-06-19 2000-07-04 Karen M. Addeo Process for the use of pulsed electric fields coupled with rotational retorting in processing meals ready to eat (MRE)
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US20050028679A1 (en) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Richard Williamson Method and device for the sterilization of wine utilizing focused electrical fields
US20070196543A1 (en) * 2006-02-21 2007-08-23 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd Food strorage apparatus and method for controlling the same

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WO2008010108A2 (fr) * 2006-06-09 2008-01-24 Kuzo Holding Inc. Appareil d'électrolyse à deux tensions et procédé d'utilisation
WO2008144499A1 (fr) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-27 Old Dominion Univesity Research Foundation Système et procédés permettant de pasteuriser des aliments en utilisant des impulsions électriques ultracourtes

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US3735764A (en) * 1970-11-23 1973-05-29 O Balev Instrument for crushing stones in urinary bladder
US4457221A (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-07-03 Geren David K Sterilization apparatus
US4838154A (en) * 1985-05-31 1989-06-13 Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus for extending the shelf life of fluid food products
US5055312A (en) * 1987-01-29 1991-10-08 Victor Hildebrand Electric conduction cooking package
US5326530A (en) * 1991-01-22 1994-07-05 Iit Research Institute Energy-efficient electromagnetic elimination of noxious biological organisms
JPH10229859A (ja) * 1997-02-20 1998-09-02 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 密閉容器内飲料の殺菌方法および飲料用密閉容器
US6083544A (en) * 1998-06-19 2000-07-04 Karen M. Addeo Process for the use of pulsed electric fields coupled with rotational retorting in processing meals ready to eat (MRE)
JP2002017244A (ja) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-22 Frontier Engineering:Kk 貝類の加熱方法
WO2004105970A1 (fr) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-09 Unilever Plc Procede de nettoyage d'articles
US20050028679A1 (en) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Richard Williamson Method and device for the sterilization of wine utilizing focused electrical fields
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110064848A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Wlaschin Aaron P Use of electricity to increase the transfer of molecules across biological membranes for the acceleration of dairy fermentation
CN106998765A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2017-08-01 Bcgi机械工业与无形资产管理有限公司 通过电解对封闭容器中的封闭容器内容物进行灭菌的系统和方法以及相应的包装后灭菌容器
EP3187055A4 (fr) * 2014-08-01 2018-02-14 BCGI Industria de Maquinas e Gestão de Ativos Intangiveis SPE LTDA Système et procédé pour la stérilisation par électrolyse de contenus de récipients fermés dans des récipients fermés et récipient correspondant pour la stérilisation post-conditionnement
US10694770B2 (en) * 2015-04-21 2020-06-30 Arc Aroma Pure Ab Chamber for pulsed electric field generation
DE102016115498A1 (de) * 2016-08-22 2018-02-22 B. Braun Avitum Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Sterilisation eines Dialysators
EP3287157A1 (fr) * 2016-08-22 2018-02-28 B. Braun Avitum AG Procédé et dispositif de stérilisation d'un hémodialyseur
CN107753964A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2018-03-06 B·布莱恩·阿维图姆股份公司 用于对透析器消毒的方法和设备
JP2018075355A (ja) * 2016-08-22 2018-05-17 ベー・ブラウン・アヴィトゥム・アー・ゲーＢ． Ｂｒａｕｎ Ａｖｉｔｕｍ Ａｇ 透析器を滅菌する方法および装置
US10517970B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2019-12-31 B. Braun Avitum Ag Method and apparatus for sterilizing a dialyzer
JP7084116B2 (ja) 2016-08-22 2022-06-14 ベー・ブラウン・アヴィトゥム・アー・ゲー 透析器を滅菌する方法および装置
WO2018236418A1 (fr) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-27 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Chips frites en conditions atmosphériques, équipement et leur procédé de fabrication

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