US20090114062A1 - Method of and smelter for producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content - Google Patents
Method of and smelter for producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090114062A1 US20090114062A1 US11/661,164 US66116405A US2009114062A1 US 20090114062 A1 US20090114062 A1 US 20090114062A1 US 66116405 A US66116405 A US 66116405A US 2009114062 A1 US2009114062 A1 US 2009114062A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- liquid
- oxygen
- manganese
- carbon content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910015372 FeAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004534 SiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000794 TRIP steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000937 TWIP steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
- C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of and a smelter for producing steel with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron or liquid steel and slag-forming constituents.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the production route in vessels other than electrical arc furnaces, and in which steel with a high manganese and low carbon content is to be achieved with the use of pig iron and liquid FeMn-charge.
- the stated object is achieved, according to the invention, in that the process is carried out by feeding liquid ferro-manganese with about 6% of C and liquid steel with about 0.1% C, together with a necessary amount of slag-forming constituents, in a FeMn-refining converter.
- the carbon component is reduced to about 0.7-0.8% by a combined blowing of oxygen through top lances and underbath nozzles, thereafter, a component of a cold end product from premelt is added as cooling means and thereafter, the carbon content is reduced to about 0.05-0.1% C by a continuous blowing of oxygen through the underbath nozzles.
- the working of the cooling means and the course of the combustion process of carbon at relatively low temperatures and beneath the bath level prevents evaporation of manganese.
- FeMn carburizer as a manganese carrier insures an economical route for production of steel with a high manganese content.
- the manganese content can be increased by about 25-30%.
- the use of pig iron facilitates meeting of strict requirements to content of copper and other companion elements.
- the production of steel with a high manganese content with additives is also possible in an integrated steel plant.
- the addition of tramp elements from scrap that contains, e.g., copper, zinc, tin, molybdenum, tungsten and the like, is not necessary.
- a partial pressure is reduced by the combined blowing of oxygen and an oxygen-inert gas mixture through the top lance or through the underbath nozzles.
- all of the steps of the process is carried out in a temperature range between 1630-1650° C.
- a further improvement of the method contemplates adding SiMn and or FeAl into the melt in a ladle furnace for adjusting the analyses.
- steels such as TWIP-(Twinning Induced Plasticity) or TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity)-steel can be produced.
- a smelter for producing steel with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron or liquid steel and slag-forming constituents is so formed that in a material flow, on one hand, a reducing furnace or a blast furnace for pig iron and, on the other hand, a steel-smelting converter for carbon steel or an electrical are furnace arc furnace are arranged upstream of a FeMn-refining converter and, a ladle furnace adjoins it in a process path.
- FIG. 1 shows a diagram for a charging process (upper portion) and its course for decarburization process dependent on time (lower portion, and
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram with a routine of fed row material in a smelter.
- the process of producing steel 1 with a high content of manganese and a low content of carbon works on the basis of liquid pig iron 2 or liquid steel 3 and slag-forming constituents 4 (see the slag layer in FIG. 2 ).
- the process is initiated by introduction of liquid ferro-manganese 5 with about 6% C and liquid steel or carbon steel 3 a with about 0.1% C into a FeMn-refining converter 6 a with a necessary amount of the slag-forming constituents 4 .
- the carbon component is lowered to about 0.7 to 0.8% C by combined blowing of oxygen 7 with at least one top lance 8 and underbath nozzles 9 .
- a component of a cold product from a premelt is added as cooling means.
- the carbon component reduction takes place up to 0.05-0.1% C by continuous blowing in of oxygen 7 through underbath nozzles 9 .
- SiMn and/or FeAl are (is) added to the melt 13 .
- the smelter for producing steel 1 with a high content of manganese and a low content of carbon operates, according to FIG. 2 , with pig iron or carbon steel-supply 14 , with addition of the slag-forming constituents 4 and companion elements 15 of steel.
- a reducing furnace 16 (with submerged electrodes), or a blast furnace 17 for pig iron 2 , or a steel-smelting converter 6 for carbon steel 3 a , or an electrical arc furnace 18 , which are located, upstream, in the material flow, of a FeMn-refining converter 6 a , are used.
- a ladle furnace 12 adjoins the FeMn-refining converter 6 a .
- the carbon content is reduced to about 0.7% by a combined oxygen blowing with at least one top lance 8 and several underbath nozzles 9 .
- a third step about 150 kg (to a ton of steel) of a cold end product from a premelt is continuously added as cooling means 10 .
- the carbon content is reduced to about 0.1% C by delivering an oxygen-inert gas mixture 11 through the underbath nozzles 9 (the inert gas serves for protection of nozzle and, simultaneously, functions as an agitator).
- TWIP TRIP-steel
- Si light metals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2005/012954 WO2007062680A1 (de) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Verfahren und schmelzanlage zum herstellen von stahl mit hohem mangan- und niedrigem kohlenstoffgehalt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20090114062A1 true US20090114062A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
Family
ID=35976519
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/661,164 Abandoned US20090114062A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Method of and smelter for producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content |
| US12/803,451 Active US7998243B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-06-25 | Method of producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/803,451 Active US7998243B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-06-25 | Method of producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20090114062A1 (es) |
| EP (1) | EP1954845B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP5037360B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR101113717B1 (es) |
| CN (1) | CN100519806C (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE437973T1 (es) |
| CA (2) | CA2576444C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE502005007820D1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2328164T3 (es) |
| UA (1) | UA82962C2 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2007062680A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106811685A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种低碳高锰钢的冶炼方法 |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006056671A1 (de) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Rostfreistahlerzeugung ohne elektrische Energiezufuhr auf der Basis von in einer DDD-Anlage vorbehandeltem Roheisen |
| ES2484515T3 (es) * | 2009-09-09 | 2014-08-11 | Sensa Bues Ab | Detección de drogas en aliento exhalado |
| EP2714943A1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2014-04-09 | Tata Steel Nederland Technology B.V. | Process for producing clean steels and clean steel produced thereby |
| US8641800B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2014-02-04 | Joseph B. McMahan | Method of alloying various grades of steel with manganese oxides |
| KR101424644B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-08-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | 합금강 강의 제조 방법 |
| KR101434541B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-08-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 합금강 강의 제조 방법 |
| CN105452504B (zh) * | 2013-04-11 | 2018-03-20 | 株式会社Posco | 含锰钢水生产方法、保温炉和使用保温炉的含锰钢水生产设备 |
| JP6148790B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-11 | 2017-06-14 | ポスコＰｏｓｃｏ | マンガン含有溶鋼製造方法、保温炉、及び保温炉を用いるマンガン含有溶鋼製造設備 |
| JP6269550B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-01-31 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 高マンガン鋼の溶製方法 |
| WO2016172790A1 (en) * | 2015-04-26 | 2016-11-03 | Hatch Ltd. | Process and apparatus for producing high-manganese steels |
| KR101796089B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-11-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | 강의 제조 방법 |
| KR101960934B1 (ko) | 2016-12-12 | 2019-07-17 | 주식회사 포스코 | 탈린 플럭스 및 그 제조방법 |
| WO2018216660A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-11-29 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 高マンガン鋼の溶製方法 |
| CN112301180A (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-02-02 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种超高锰钢非电炉铝发热模式锰合金化方法 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4522650A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-06-11 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Process for production of low phosphorus alloy |
| US4808220A (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1989-02-28 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | Process for the preparation of refined ferromanganese |
| US4822411A (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1989-04-18 | Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft | Integrated steel mill arrangement |
| US4946498A (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-08-07 | Ralph Weber | Process for the production of steel from fine ore hot briquetted after fluidized bed reduction |
| US5514331A (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1996-05-07 | Outokumpu Steel Oy | Method and device for producing stainless steel |
| US5558696A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-09-24 | Bechtel Group, Inc. | Method of direct steel making from liquid iron |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5938320A (ja) * | 1982-08-28 | 1984-03-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 高合金鋼溶製のための合せ湯法 |
| JPS5967309A (ja) * | 1982-10-09 | 1984-04-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 脱Ｐ溶銑を使用した高Ｃｒ鋼の溶製方法 |
| JPS62230950A (ja) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 中・低炭素フエロマンガンの製造方法 |
| JPS63206446A (ja) * | 1987-02-24 | 1988-08-25 | Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd | 中・低炭素フエロマンガンの製造方法 |
| JPH0621318B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-21 | 1994-03-23 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 中・低炭素フェロマンガンの溶製方法 |
| JP2683487B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-18 | 1997-11-26 | 水島合金鉄株式会社 | 中・低炭素フェロマンガンの製造方法及び製造装置 |
| CN1246493C (zh) * | 2003-12-25 | 2006-03-22 | 新余钢铁有限责任公司 | 高炉—精炼炉法冶炼中低碳锰铁新工艺 |
-
2005
- 2005-02-12 UA UAA200703967A patent/UA82962C2/uk unknown
- 2005-12-02 CA CA2576444A patent/CA2576444C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-02 AT AT05818333T patent/ATE437973T1/de active
- 2005-12-02 CA CA2733474A patent/CA2733474C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-02 CN CNB2005800267539A patent/CN100519806C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-02 ES ES05818333T patent/ES2328164T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-02 WO PCT/EP2005/012954 patent/WO2007062680A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-02 DE DE502005007820T patent/DE502005007820D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-02 US US11/661,164 patent/US20090114062A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-02 EP EP05818333A patent/EP1954845B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-12-02 JP JP2007547233A patent/JP5037360B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-02 KR KR1020077000608A patent/KR101113717B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-06-25 US US12/803,451 patent/US7998243B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4522650A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-06-11 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Process for production of low phosphorus alloy |
| US4822411A (en) * | 1986-05-07 | 1989-04-18 | Voest-Alpine Aktiengesellschaft | Integrated steel mill arrangement |
| US4808220A (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1989-02-28 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | Process for the preparation of refined ferromanganese |
| US4946498A (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1990-08-07 | Ralph Weber | Process for the production of steel from fine ore hot briquetted after fluidized bed reduction |
| US5514331A (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1996-05-07 | Outokumpu Steel Oy | Method and device for producing stainless steel |
| US5558696A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-09-24 | Bechtel Group, Inc. | Method of direct steel making from liquid iron |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106811685A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种低碳高锰钢的冶炼方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100519806C (zh) | 2009-07-29 |
| DE502005007820D1 (de) | 2009-09-10 |
| US20110000339A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
| US7998243B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
| CA2733474C (en) | 2013-08-13 |
| WO2007062680A1 (de) | 2007-06-07 |
| UA82962C2 (en) | 2008-05-26 |
| JP5037360B2 (ja) | 2012-09-26 |
| CA2576444C (en) | 2012-03-06 |
| ATE437973T1 (de) | 2009-08-15 |
| KR20080072786A (ko) | 2008-08-07 |
| CA2733474A1 (en) | 2007-06-02 |
| JP2008531840A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
| CA2576444A1 (en) | 2007-06-02 |
| EP1954845A1 (de) | 2008-08-13 |
| EP1954845B1 (de) | 2009-07-29 |
| CN101057001A (zh) | 2007-10-17 |
| KR101113717B1 (ko) | 2012-02-27 |
| ES2328164T3 (es) | 2009-11-10 |
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