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US20090114062A1 - Method of and smelter for producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content - Google Patents

Method of and smelter for producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090114062A1
US20090114062A1 US11/661,164 US66116405A US2009114062A1 US 20090114062 A1 US20090114062 A1 US 20090114062A1 US 66116405 A US66116405 A US 66116405A US 2009114062 A1 US2009114062 A1 US 2009114062A1
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Prior art keywords
steel
liquid
oxygen
manganese
carbon content
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US11/661,164
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Lutz Rose
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SMS Group GmbH
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Individual
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Publication of US20090114062A1 publication Critical patent/US20090114062A1/en
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Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068—Decarburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
    • C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of and a smelter for producing steel with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron or liquid steel and slag-forming constituents.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the production route in vessels other than electrical arc furnaces, and in which steel with a high manganese and low carbon content is to be achieved with the use of pig iron and liquid FeMn-charge.
  • the stated object is achieved, according to the invention, in that the process is carried out by feeding liquid ferro-manganese with about 6% of C and liquid steel with about 0.1% C, together with a necessary amount of slag-forming constituents, in a FeMn-refining converter.
  • the carbon component is reduced to about 0.7-0.8% by a combined blowing of oxygen through top lances and underbath nozzles, thereafter, a component of a cold end product from premelt is added as cooling means and thereafter, the carbon content is reduced to about 0.05-0.1% C by a continuous blowing of oxygen through the underbath nozzles.
  • the working of the cooling means and the course of the combustion process of carbon at relatively low temperatures and beneath the bath level prevents evaporation of manganese.
  • FeMn carburizer as a manganese carrier insures an economical route for production of steel with a high manganese content.
  • the manganese content can be increased by about 25-30%.
  • the use of pig iron facilitates meeting of strict requirements to content of copper and other companion elements.
  • the production of steel with a high manganese content with additives is also possible in an integrated steel plant.
  • the addition of tramp elements from scrap that contains, e.g., copper, zinc, tin, molybdenum, tungsten and the like, is not necessary.
  • a partial pressure is reduced by the combined blowing of oxygen and an oxygen-inert gas mixture through the top lance or through the underbath nozzles.
  • all of the steps of the process is carried out in a temperature range between 1630-1650° C.
  • a further improvement of the method contemplates adding SiMn and or FeAl into the melt in a ladle furnace for adjusting the analyses.
  • steels such as TWIP-(Twinning Induced Plasticity) or TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity)-steel can be produced.
  • a smelter for producing steel with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron or liquid steel and slag-forming constituents is so formed that in a material flow, on one hand, a reducing furnace or a blast furnace for pig iron and, on the other hand, a steel-smelting converter for carbon steel or an electrical are furnace arc furnace are arranged upstream of a FeMn-refining converter and, a ladle furnace adjoins it in a process path.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram for a charging process (upper portion) and its course for decarburization process dependent on time (lower portion, and
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram with a routine of fed row material in a smelter.
  • the process of producing steel 1 with a high content of manganese and a low content of carbon works on the basis of liquid pig iron 2 or liquid steel 3 and slag-forming constituents 4 (see the slag layer in FIG. 2 ).
  • the process is initiated by introduction of liquid ferro-manganese 5 with about 6% C and liquid steel or carbon steel 3 a with about 0.1% C into a FeMn-refining converter 6 a with a necessary amount of the slag-forming constituents 4 .
  • the carbon component is lowered to about 0.7 to 0.8% C by combined blowing of oxygen 7 with at least one top lance 8 and underbath nozzles 9 .
  • a component of a cold product from a premelt is added as cooling means.
  • the carbon component reduction takes place up to 0.05-0.1% C by continuous blowing in of oxygen 7 through underbath nozzles 9 .
  • SiMn and/or FeAl are (is) added to the melt 13 .
  • the smelter for producing steel 1 with a high content of manganese and a low content of carbon operates, according to FIG. 2 , with pig iron or carbon steel-supply 14 , with addition of the slag-forming constituents 4 and companion elements 15 of steel.
  • a reducing furnace 16 (with submerged electrodes), or a blast furnace 17 for pig iron 2 , or a steel-smelting converter 6 for carbon steel 3 a , or an electrical arc furnace 18 , which are located, upstream, in the material flow, of a FeMn-refining converter 6 a , are used.
  • a ladle furnace 12 adjoins the FeMn-refining converter 6 a .
  • the carbon content is reduced to about 0.7% by a combined oxygen blowing with at least one top lance 8 and several underbath nozzles 9 .
  • a third step about 150 kg (to a ton of steel) of a cold end product from a premelt is continuously added as cooling means 10 .
  • the carbon content is reduced to about 0.1% C by delivering an oxygen-inert gas mixture 11 through the underbath nozzles 9 (the inert gas serves for protection of nozzle and, simultaneously, functions as an agitator).
  • TWIP TRIP-steel
  • Si light metals

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

A method of and a smelter for producing steel (1) with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron (2) or liquid steel (3) and slag-forming constituents (4) with the object of preventing existing drawbacks of process route in vessels other than, e.g., electrical arc furnaces (18). With steel produced with a high manganese and low carbon content, in a process, the carbon component is reduced to about 0.7-0.8% by a combined blowing of oxygen (7) through top lances (8) and underbath nozzles (9) after feeding of liquid ferro-manganese (50 and liquid steel (3 a) in a FeMn-refining converter (6a), wherein a component of a cold end product from premelt is added as cooling means (10), and wherein the carbon component is reduced to about 0.05-0.1% C by a continuous blowing of oxygen (7) through the underbath nozzles.

Description

  • The invention relates to a method of and a smelter for producing steel with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron or liquid steel and slag-forming constituents.
  • Production of steel with a high manganese content in metallurgical plants is carried out mainly on the basis of scrap in electrical arc furnaces (Report at metallurgical Forum, Leoben 2003, authors Gigacher, Doppler, Bernard Krieger). During the production, a manganese carrier such as ferro-alloy is added to the melt. This presents a problem as ferro-manganese (FeMn) with a low carbon content is in about 300 times more expensive than similar products with a high C-content. FeMn with a low carbon content is, however, best suited for the production.
  • The production of steel with a high manganese content in a vessel other than electrical arc furnace fails because with blowing of oxygen, a large amount of manganese slags as during decarburization of steel, oxygen develops a high affinity to manganese. Up to the present, with the selection of the converter route, the drawback consisted in a high slagging of manganese and a correspondingly low manganese content in steel of about 16-17%.
  • The production of steel with a high manganese and low carbon content in electrical arc furnaces is connected with several draw backs: in electrical arc furnaces at temperatures up to 3000° C., a high vaporization of manganese takes place. Further, in order to insure a low content of companion elements, a high-quality, expensive scrap is necessary. Besides, use of the expensive ferro-alloys with a low carbon content is necessary.
  • The object of the invention, is to eliminate the drawbacks of the production route in vessels other than electrical arc furnaces, and in which steel with a high manganese and low carbon content is to be achieved with the use of pig iron and liquid FeMn-charge.
  • The stated object is achieved, according to the invention, in that the process is carried out by feeding liquid ferro-manganese with about 6% of C and liquid steel with about 0.1% C, together with a necessary amount of slag-forming constituents, in a FeMn-refining converter. The carbon component is reduced to about 0.7-0.8% by a combined blowing of oxygen through top lances and underbath nozzles, thereafter, a component of a cold end product from premelt is added as cooling means and thereafter, the carbon content is reduced to about 0.05-0.1% C by a continuous blowing of oxygen through the underbath nozzles.
  • The working of the cooling means and the course of the combustion process of carbon at relatively low temperatures and beneath the bath level prevents evaporation of manganese. The use of FeMn carburizer as a manganese carrier insures an economical route for production of steel with a high manganese content. The manganese content can be increased by about 25-30%. The use of pig iron facilitates meeting of strict requirements to content of copper and other companion elements. The production of steel with a high manganese content with additives is also possible in an integrated steel plant. The addition of tramp elements from scrap that contains, e.g., copper, zinc, tin, molybdenum, tungsten and the like, is not necessary.
  • Advantageously, a partial pressure is reduced by the combined blowing of oxygen and an oxygen-inert gas mixture through the top lance or through the underbath nozzles.
  • In order to maintain advantageously, a low temperature, all of the steps of the process is carried out in a temperature range between 1630-1650° C.
  • A further improvement of the method contemplates adding SiMn and or FeAl into the melt in a ladle furnace for adjusting the analyses.
  • Thereby, steels such as TWIP-(Twinning Induced Plasticity) or TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity)-steel can be produced.
  • According to a practical embodiment, liquid FeMn75 carburizer in an amount of about 380 kg with 6% C (per ton of steel) and 530 kg of liquid steel with 0.1% C and a necessary amount of slag-forming constituents is fed in a FeMn-refining converter, whereby the melt contains 23.3 kg of carbon that corresponds to a carbon content of C=2.6%. The carbon content is reduced by a combined oxygen blowing over at least one top lance and a plurality of underbath nozzles, and finally, about 150 kg of a cold end product from premelt is continuously added as cooling means and the carbon content is reduced to about C=0.1% by blowing an oxygen—inert gas mixture through the underbath nozzles.
  • A smelter for producing steel with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron or liquid steel and slag-forming constituents, is so formed that in a material flow, on one hand, a reducing furnace or a blast furnace for pig iron and, on the other hand, a steel-smelting converter for carbon steel or an electrical are furnace arc furnace are arranged upstream of a FeMn-refining converter and, a ladle furnace adjoins it in a process path.
  • The drawings show embodiments of the invention which will be explained in detail below.
  • In the drawings:
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram for a charging process (upper portion) and its course for decarburization process dependent on time (lower portion, and
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram with a routine of fed row material in a smelter.
    •
  • According to FIG. 1, the process of producing steel 1 with a high content of manganese and a low content of carbon works on the basis of liquid pig iron 2 or liquid steel 3 and slag-forming constituents 4 (see the slag layer in FIG. 2). The process is initiated by introduction of liquid ferro-manganese 5 with about 6% C and liquid steel or carbon steel 3 a with about 0.1% C into a FeMn-refining converter 6 a with a necessary amount of the slag-forming constituents 4. Thereafter, the carbon component is lowered to about 0.7 to 0.8% C by combined blowing of oxygen 7 with at least one top lance 8 and underbath nozzles 9. Simultaneously, a component of a cold product from a premelt is added as cooling means. In this phase, the carbon component reduction takes place up to 0.05-0.1% C by continuous blowing in of oxygen 7 through underbath nozzles 9.
  • With a continuous blowing-in of oxygen 7 and an oxygen-inert gas mixture 11 through the underbath nozzles 9 and the top lance 8, the partial pressure of oxygen in the melt can be reduced. All of the steps of the process take place in a (low) temperature range between 1630° C. and 1650° C.
  • For adjusting the analysis in a ladle furnace, SiMn and/or FeAl are (is) added to the melt 13.
  • The smelter for producing steel 1 with a high content of manganese and a low content of carbon operates, according to FIG. 2, with pig iron or carbon steel-supply 14, with addition of the slag-forming constituents 4 and companion elements 15 of steel. To this end, a reducing furnace 16 (with submerged electrodes), or a blast furnace 17 for pig iron 2, or a steel-smelting converter 6 for carbon steel 3 a, or an electrical arc furnace 18, which are located, upstream, in the material flow, of a FeMn-refining converter 6 a, are used. A ladle furnace 12 adjoins the FeMn-refining converter 6 a.
  • According to a practical embodiment of the inventive process, in a first step, a liquid carburizer FeMn 75 in an amount of about 380 kg with 6% C (per ton of steel), 530 kg of liquid steel with 0.1% C and a necessary amount of slag-forming constituents 4 are loaded in the FeMn-refining converter 6 a, whereby the melt (13) contains 23.3 kg of carbon, which corresponds to carbon content of C=2.5%. In a second step, the carbon content is reduced to about 0.7% by a combined oxygen blowing with at least one top lance 8 and several underbath nozzles 9. In a third step, about 150 kg (to a ton of steel) of a cold end product from a premelt is continuously added as cooling means 10. In the fourth step, the carbon content is reduced to about 0.1% C by delivering an oxygen-inert gas mixture 11 through the underbath nozzles 9 (the inert gas serves for protection of nozzle and, simultaneously, functions as an agitator).
  • The adjustment of the analysis (TWIP or TRIP-steel) takes place by addition of light metals (Si, Al, and the like), so that the desired steel 1 with a high manganese content and additives Al and Si can be produced in an integrated steel plant.
    • REFERENCE NUMERALS
    • 1 Steel with a high manganese content and a low C-content
    • 2 Liquid pig iron
    • 3 Liquid steel
    • 3 a Liquid carbon steel
    • 4 Slag-forming constituents
    • 5 Liquid ferro-manganese
    • 6 Steel smelting converter
    • 7 Oxygen
    • 8 Top lance
    • 9 Underbath nozzles
    • 10 Cooling means
    • 11 Oxygen-inert gas mixture
    • 12 Ladle furnace
    • 13 Melt
    • 14 Rig iron or carbon steel supply
    • 15 Companion elements
    • 16 Reducing furnace
    • 17 Blast furnace
    • 18 Electrical arc furnace

Claims (6)

1. A method of producing steel (1) with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron (2) or liquid steel (3) and slag-forming constituents (4), characterized in that
the process is carried out by feeding liquid ferro-manganese (5) with about 6% of C and liquid steel (3; 3 a) with about 0.1% C, or liquid pig iron together with a necessary amount of slag-forming constituents, in a FeMn-refining converter (6 a), the carbon component is reduced to about 0.7-0.8% by a combined blowing of oxygen (7) through a top lance (8) and underbath nozzles, thereafter, a component of a cold end product from premelt is added as cooling means and thereafter, the carbon content is reduced to about 0.05-0.1% C by a continuous blowing of oxygen (7) through the underbath nozzles (9).
2. A method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
a partial pressure is reduced by the combined blowing of oxygen (7) and
an oxygen-inert gas mixture (11) through the top lance (8) or through the underbath nozzles (9).
3. A method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
all of the process steps are carried out in a temperature range between 1630-1650° C.
4. A method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
SiMn and/or FeAl is added to melt (13) in a ladle furnace (12) for adjusting an analysis.
5. (canceled)
6. A smelter for producing steel (1) with a high manganese and low carbon content on the basis of liquid pig iron (2) or liquid steel (3) and slag-forming constituents (4), characterized in that
in a material flow, on one hand, a reducing furnace (16) for ferro-manganese and on the other hand, of a blast furnace (17) for pig iron (2) or a steel-smelting converter (6) for carbon steel (3 a) or an electrical arc furnace (18) are arranged upstream of a FeMn-refining converter (6 a), and a ladle furnace (12) adjoins it in a process path.
US11/661,164 2005-12-02 2005-12-02 Method of and smelter for producing steel with high manganese and low carbon content Abandoned US20090114062A1 (en)

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KR (1) KR101113717B1 (en)
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JP6269550B2 (en) * 2015-03-30 2018-01-31 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Method for melting high manganese steel
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CN106811685A (en) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-09 鞍钢股份有限公司 Smelting method of low-carbon high-manganese steel

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