[go: up one dir, main page]

US20070289507A1 - System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material - Google Patents

System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20070289507A1
US20070289507A1 US11/808,790 US80879007A US2007289507A1 US 20070289507 A1 US20070289507 A1 US 20070289507A1 US 80879007 A US80879007 A US 80879007A US 2007289507 A1 US2007289507 A1 US 2007289507A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
afterburner
gaseous fuel
fan
temperature
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/808,790
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William Parrott
Elzie Schoepf
Jeff Reinders
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alternative Power Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Alternative Power Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alternative Power Solutions Inc filed Critical Alternative Power Solutions Inc
Priority to US11/808,790 priority Critical patent/US20070289507A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2007/014106 priority patent/WO2008005171A2/fr
Publication of US20070289507A1 publication Critical patent/US20070289507A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50001—Combination of two or more furnaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of gas pyrolysis and, in particular, to the field of gas pyrolysis that results in a usable end product.
  • Pyrolysis is a thermal distillation or decomposition process that generally involves the conversion of waste material into carbon black residue through a chemical change by the action of heat on the waste material.
  • the chemical change is often brought about in waste materials containing volatile and nonvolatile higher molecular weight materials that break down into lower molecular weight, volatile, combustible materials upon heating.
  • the process is often used to reduce the physical amount of mass of solid waste material that needs to be housed or disposed of, for example, in a landfill. This process is becoming more common as the amount of space for landfills decreases and as the general public gains more awareness about their surroundings and frequently object to the presence of a landfill close to any residential or metropolitan area for fear of contamination.
  • Other uses of pyrolysis include cleaning oil-contaminated soil, drying wet organic materials, such as animal manure or sewage plant sludge, and generally serving as a heat source for processes that make use of hot gases as an energy source.
  • Still other pyrolysis machines and methods achieve poor results due to non-uniform heating and pyrolizing of waste material. Efficiency may be lost and the desired results may not be obtained when portions of waste material are, for example, improperly heated or combusted when other portions of waste material are properly heated and combusted.
  • An exemplary embodiment of this invention relates to a system for combusting materials.
  • the system may include a plurality of housings having a plurality of zones and accepting a material as fuel and converting the material into a gaseous fuel.
  • the system may also have an afterburner that may accept the gaseous fuel from the plurality of housings and air and may convert the gaseous fuel and air into heat.
  • Another exemplary embodiment of the invention may include a method of generating heat energy.
  • the method of generating heat energy can include the loading of pyrolysis chamber with a solid material as well as the converting of the solid material into a gaseous fuel through pyrolysis.
  • the method may go on to move the gaseous fuel to an afterburner and may further combine the gaseous fuel with air in the afterburner.
  • the method can include a step of combusting the combined gaseous fuel and air in the afterburner to generate heat.
  • the heat generated in the afterburner may be used an energy source.
  • a system for producing energy may be described.
  • the system can include means for pyrolizing waste material, means for loading waste material and means for unloading non-pyrolized material.
  • the system may also have means for extracting a gaseous fuel from the means for pyrolizing waste material.
  • the system can incorporate means for moving the gaseous fuel to a means for producing heat energy.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram showing a flow of pyrolized materials.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a pyrolization system.
  • FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram of a pyrolysis chamber.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary external view of a pyrolysis chamber.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary rotated, external view of a pyrolysis chamber.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary view of a conduit that may be used mixing a gaseous fuel and air.
  • FIG. 7 is another exemplary view of a conduit that may be used for mixing a gaseous fuel and air.
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram of an afterburner.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram of another pyrolization system.
  • FIGS. 1-9 a system, method and apparatus for pyrolysis are shown.
  • the system, method and apparatus may include any number of components and may be able to produce a gaseous fuel.
  • Apparatus 100 may be used as a stand-alone unit that may produce a gaseous fuel.
  • the gaseous fuel may be used for any of a variety of purposes, for example the production of steam or the production of heat.
  • the apparatus 100 may have any number of pyrolysis chambers, for example chambers 102 , 104 and 106 . Pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 may be substantially similar and may include similar outputs within apparatus 100 . It should also be noted that any number of pyrolysis chambers or housings may be used with apparatus 100 .
  • some exemplary embodiments may utilize one pyrolysis chamber, while other exemplary embodiments may use two, three, four, or more pyrolysis chambers, as desired to achieve any amount of desired pyrolysis.
  • Each of pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 may be used to produce a gaseous fuel.
  • the gaseous fuel that may be produced by the pyrolysis chambers may be fed to other components of apparatus 100 .
  • the gaseous fuel produced in pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 may be fed downstream to afterburner 138 .
  • Afterburner 138 may ignite the gas using an outside fuel source and pilot light 139 , which may then allow afterburner 138 to generate heat which may be sent to heat exchanger 140 .
  • Heat exchanger 140 may use the heat generated by after burner 138 to produce an output, such as steam 142 .
  • pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 may have doors or openings located at top portions of the respective chambers.
  • pyrolysis chambers 102 and 106 are shown with doors 103 and 107 , respectively, in an “open” position while pyrolysis chamber 104 is shown with door 105 in a “closed” position.
  • any or all of pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 may have doors 103 , 105 and 107 , respectively, in an open position simultaneously or in a closed position simultaneously.
  • pyrolysis chamber 102 may have door 103 in an open position so as to facilitate the loading of any material into pyrolysis chamber 102 .
  • pyrolysis chamber 106 may have door 107 in an open position so as to allow for the removal of any waste material from pyrolysis chamber 106 .
  • pyrolysis chamber 104 may have door 105 in a closed position so as to allow for the pyrolysis of any material disposed in pyrolysis chamber 104 .
  • the material disposed in any pyrolysis chamber may be any type of material that is desired to be pyrolized, for example any type waste material.
  • the waste material can include any type of trash or garbage, petroleum and petroleum-related materials, such as plastics, manure, or combinations of materials, such as tires that utilized steel belts.
  • any grouping of material found at a landfill may be used in this method, system and apparatus.
  • a pyrolysis chamber such as any of pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 or 106 , is not being used to pyrolize, its door may be opened and waste material may be deposited into a pyrolysis chamber. The waste material may then be pyrolized and converted into energy.
  • one pyrolysis chamber may be loaded with waste material while another pyrolysis chamber is pyrolizing material and yet another chamber is being unloaded.
  • waste material may be loaded into pyrolysis chamber 102 .
  • waste material may be pyrolized in pyrolysis chamber 104 .
  • any remnants of pyrolized material may be removed from pyrolysis chamber 106 .
  • the remnants of pyrolized material for example the material being unloaded from chamber 106 , may include incombustibles and residue carbon black, as non-limiting examples. This material may be cooled, removed from the chamber and then reloaded into a pyrolysis chamber with other waste material that may be subsequently pyrolized.
  • any of a plurality of a pyrolysis chambers may be substantially similar and any description of various aspects of any pyrolysis chamber may be applied or attributed to any of the other chambers.
  • pyrolysis chamber 102 may be packed or filled with any amount of waste material.
  • a combustible fuel may then be introduced into chamber 102 .
  • the combustible fuel may be any fuel, for example propane, and may be pressurized before being introduced into chamber 102 .
  • the fuel, such as propane may be stored in a container, such as tank 202 .
  • Tank 202 may be coupled with interior 204 of chamber 102 in such a manner as to provide a supply of the fuel housed in tank 202 to interior 204 .
  • tank 202 may be connected to fuel supply line 206 through nozzle 208 .
  • Supply line 206 may further connect to nozzle 210 , through which the combustible fuel may exit into interior 204 of chamber 102 .
  • Nozzles 208 and 210 may be any type of nozzles known to one having ordinary skill in the art and may be automatically or manually controlled.
  • nozzles 208 and 210 as well as any other nozzles or valves described herein, may open or close in response to one or more conditions that may be present in apparatus 100 .
  • an ignition device mounted in interior 204 of chamber 102 may be used to ignite the combustible fuel.
  • the ignition device may be any type of ignition device known to one having ordinary skill in the art, for example an electronic ignition mechanism. After the ignition device ignites the combustible fuel, the material inside chamber 102 may be ignited and the combustion process may begin. Combustible fuel may be continuously fed into chamber 102 until a desired rate of combustion or amount of combustion is achieved. This may be any amount of time as needed to produce the desired combustion, for example ten minutes.
  • the combustion in chamber 102 may be controlled to provide sufficient heat for the production of a gaseous fuel from the combusted materials through pyrolysis.
  • a limited amount of heat may be employed to produce the gaseous fuel.
  • the heat in chamber 102 may be regulated, for example, through the metering of air that may be fed into chamber 102 .
  • heat regulation may be achieved by any method known to one having ordinary skill in the art.
  • the temperature in chamber 102 may be kept in a desired range.
  • the desired range in some exemplary embodiments may be between about 125 and about 850 degrees Fahrenheit. In some further exemplary embodiments, a temperature of about 350 degrees Fahrenheit may be used.
  • the metering or regulating of air in chamber 102 may be accomplished in any of a variety of ways.
  • air may be introduced at different locations with heating zones 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 and 116 in a controlled manner.
  • air may be introduced to the heating zones through the use of fan 143 and valves 117 .
  • heating zones 118 - 126 in chamber 104 may be cooled by valves 127 , which may be fed air by fan 145 and heating zones 128 - 136 may be cooled by valves 137 , which may be fed air by fan 147 .
  • the introduction of air may further be used to make the temperature in any heating zones, such as zones 108 - 116 , uniform.
  • a portion of the waste material is burning at a higher temperature in one zone, e.g. zone 110 , more air may be introduced in the other zones so as to increase the combustibility and increase the temperature. Similarly, less air may be provided to an area having a high temperature so that the temperature of that area may be lowered.
  • the regulation of the airflow may be performed in any of a variety of manners, for example using a plurality of automatically activated air supplies connected to a plurality of temperature sensors and coupled to processor or controller.
  • fan 143 may be used to supply air to the various zones of chamber 102 .
  • Fan 143 may be coupled with an external duct, for example, external duct 213 outside of chamber 102 .
  • Fan 143 may blow the air though external duct 213 , for example at a pressure that may be slightly above ambient pressure.
  • the air may be directed through duct 213 to a variety of plenum sections, for example plenum sections 212 , 216 , 218 , 220 and 220 , which may correspond to zones 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , and 116 , respectively.
  • Each of plenum sections 214 - 222 may be in fluid communication with the atmosphere using the control of a plurality of intermittently operated valves, for example valves 222 , 224 , 226 , 228 and 230 , respectively. Valves 222 - 230 may further be located at different locations of duct 213 .
  • fan 143 may produce airflow through duct 213 . The airflow may then pass through valve 222 , if valve 222 is opened, into plenum 212 . Air may then be introduced into zone 108 of chamber 102 from plenum 212 .
  • valves may be located at any portion of plenum 212 , for example at opposite ends, through which air may enter zone 108 . Similarly, air may be introduced to zones 110 , 112 , 114 and 116 using corresponding airflow paths leading into the respective chambers.
  • thermal couples 232 , 234 , 236 , 238 and 240 may be continuously monitored through any of a variety of temperature sensors, for example by thermal couples 232 , 234 , 236 , 238 and 240 , respectively.
  • Corresponding thermal couples may be located in chambers 104 and 106 . Additionally, thermal couples may be located anywhere within zones 108 - 116 , for example on a floor, ceiling or wall of an individual zone. More than one thermal couple may also be used in a zone, if desired. Further, thermal couples 232 - 240 may be operably coupled with valves 222 - 230 , respectively.
  • Valves 222 - 230 may be used to regulate airflow into corresponding zones 108 - 116 in response to the readings made by thermal couples 232 - 240 , respectively.
  • the temperature in each zone may therefore be maintained within a desired pyrolysis temperature range of the waste material undergoing combustion.
  • Airflow may be directed into any zones 108 - 116 , or any combination thereof, via any desired number of inlets, such as those described with respect to FIGS. 4-5 below.
  • the inlets may be disposed in any location in zones 108 - 116 , for example located on side portions of the zones, and may be able to provide airflow in any direction, for example towards a lower section of the zones.
  • a pyrolysis temperature range may be maintained with chamber 102 and any of zones 108 - 116 by varying, reducing or discontinuing the flow of air into individual zones. Additionally, as the introduction of air may help the production of a gaseous fuel in chamber 102 some zones may receive a certain amount of airflow while others receive an increased, decreased or eliminated amount of airflow.
  • outlets 144 may be located on the periphery of chamber 102 .
  • chambers 104 and 106 may each have a similar outlet, such as outlets 146 and 148 , respectively.
  • Outlets 144 , 146 and 148 may each have filters disposed therein. The filters in outlets 144 , 146 and 148 may act to prevent any particulates, debris, residue or any other solid matter in any gaseous fuel that exits chambers 102 , 104 or 106 , respectively, from migrating to the afterburner 138 .
  • the filters used in outlets 144 , 146 and 148 may be any type of filter known to one having ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, any particulates, for example carbon black, may be captured and supplied for any of a variety of uses.
  • any materials remaining in chamber 102 may be removed in order to be pyrolized again or otherwise disposed of.
  • chamber 102 may be cooled to a substantially ambient temperature. Any remaining material may be removed from chamber 102 after it is cooled.
  • water may be sprayed into chamber 102 , including any of zones 108 - 116 , to further cool any remaining materials and to reduce the amount of carbon black residue that may blow around as any larger, solid materials are being removed from chamber 102 .
  • tubing 236 may be coupled to water reservoir 238 . Tubing 236 may extend to various portions of zones 108 - 116 .
  • a plurality of nozzles 242 may be connected to tubing 236 and may allow for the spraying or disbursement of water into the various zones.
  • valve 240 which may couple tubing 236 with water reservoir 238 , may be opened and water may be distributed to various nozzles 242 and sprayed on any remaining residue in chamber 102 . Because the residue remaining in chamber 242 may still be hot, steam may be generated within chamber 102 . Therefore, in order to let any steam escape, a cover over vent 234 may be opened, and steam may escape from chamber 102 through these holes. Vent 234 may be any type of vent, for example a screen, a plurality of holes, an opening or any other type of vent known to one having ordinary skill in the art. Also, as described below with respect to FIG.
  • vent 234 may be associated with a door that may be used to close and seal vent 234 .
  • any remaining metals may be separated, either manually or automatically, from any remaining carbon black residue.
  • a magnet may be used to separate and remove any iron-based metals from the remaining incombustible materials.
  • chamber 102 may be constructed and formed in any of a variety of manners.
  • chamber 102 may have a box-like configuration.
  • Chamber 102 may further include doorway 103 , as described previously.
  • Doorway 103 may provide access to any remaining materials following the cooling of chamber 102 after the gaseous fuel is produced.
  • Doorway 103 may include doors 402 and 404 , which may be formed in any manner known to one having ordinary skill in the art, for example with hinges 406 that couple with sidewalls of chamber 102 , which may allow the two doors 404 and 406 to be opened outward. Additionally, when doors 404 and 406 are closed, a seal may be made so that the gaseous fuel produced within chamber 102 may not escape through any coupling of a door or doors to any other portion of chamber 102 .
  • portions of chamber 102 may be formed using steel plates that are welded together to form chamber 102 .
  • an interior portion of chamber 102 may have an interior surface lined with a refractory substance that may provide insulation.
  • the refractory or insulating material which may be any refractory or insulating material known to one having ordinary skill in the art, such as concrete, may be cast so as to line any amount of the interior of chamber 102 .
  • an ignition device may be located on any portion of the interior of chamber 102 , for example a rear wall opposite door 103 .
  • chamber 102 may have any dimensions, depending on the desired amount of waste material to pyrolize or the amount of gaseous fuel to be produced.
  • chamber 102 may have a height of about seven feet to about twelve feet, a width of about six feet to about sixteen feet and a length of about ten feet to about twenty four feet.
  • FIG. 5 provides an exemplary top-down view of a pyrolysis chamber.
  • doors 402 and 404 may be closed, and may therefore be flush with the exterior of chamber 102 .
  • outlet 144 may be shown at a bottom portion of chamber 102 in this exemplary embodiment.
  • vent 234 may be positioned on a top portion of chamber 102 , and may include vent cover 502 . When closed, vent cover 502 may seal vent 234 , which can prevent the release of any gases or material inside chamber 102 to an outside environment. However, if vent cover 502 is opened, vent 234 may be open and therefore contents of chamber 102 , for example steam that results from the liquid cooling of any remaining waste material following pyrolysis, may flow through vent 234 as exhaust gas.
  • duct segments 408 and 410 described in more detail below, may be seen as routed along a perimeter portion of chamber 102 .
  • Chamber 102 may be connected to any of a variety of external ducts which may be used for any of a variety of reasons. Some of these ducts may be connected to outside fans that may provide air to apparatus 100 at a pressure slightly above ambient. This air may be used to regulate the temperature in any or all of zones 108 - 116 .
  • duct 407 may include duct segment 408 and duct segment 410 .
  • Duct segment 408 and duct segment 410 may be substantially U-shaped and may connect to other ducts mounted on chamber 102 .
  • duct 407 including duct segments 408 and 410 , may be connected to duct members 504 and 506 so as to substantially surround chamber 102 .
  • These external ducts may be coupled to plenum sections 212 , 214 , 216 , 218 and 220 and may be used to provide air to zones 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 and 116 . Additionally, any number of ducts may be disposed on an interior portion of chamber 102 and may allow for the collection of the gaseous fuel produced by the pyrolysis and may later connect to outlet 144 . Additionally, any number of apertures may be located in any of a variety of locations, for example a ceiling portion, of each of zones 108 - 116 so as to allow any desired gases to escape chamber 102 and flow out of apparatus 100 .
  • the interior of chamber 102 may be substantially open.
  • zones 108 - 116 there may be no internal barriers between any of the zones and the zones may extend from a floor portion to a ceiling portion of chamber 102 .
  • the zones may be oriented and sized in any manner.
  • zone 108 may be positioned proximate door 103 and may account for about twenty percent of the volume of the interior of chamber 102 .
  • Zones 112 and 114 may be proximate outlet 144 and may each account for about twenty percent of the volume of the interior of chamber 102 .
  • Zones 110 and 116 may be located substantially between zone 108 and zones 112 and 114 .
  • Zones 110 and 116 each may also account for about twenty percent of the interior volume of chamber 102 .
  • vent 234 may be located in a position that occupies portions of zones 110 - 116 .
  • Vent 234 may, in some exemplary embodiments, include a vent cover, such as vent cover 502 described above, that may prevent any gases from escaping chamber 102 .
  • chamber 102 may be filled to any volume prior to the start of the pyrolysis process and, in some exemplary embodiments, may have about eighty to ninety percent of its volume filled with any type of desired waste material.
  • the gaseous fuel may be sent to afterburner 138 .
  • the gaseous fuel may be sent down any conduits, for example coaxial conduits 150 and 152 .
  • Coaxial conduits 150 and 152 may also carry fresh air or any other gas in a mixture with the gaseous fuel.
  • Coaxial conduit 150 may also be coupled with an outlet of fan 154 , which may be used to propel the gaseous fuel towards the afterburner 138 .
  • coaxial conduit 152 may be coupled to coaxial conduit 150 and may receive the gaseous fuel from coaxial conduit 150 .
  • coaxial conduit may be coupled to fan 156 , which may further propel the gaseous fuel towards afterburner 138 and may also provide a mixture of fresh air with the gaseous fuel.
  • coaxial conduit 150 may have a larger diameter than coaxial conduit 152 , which may allow for the presence of open space around the periphery of coaxial conduit 152 .
  • coaxial conduit 152 may provide a sealed path through which fresh air generated by fan 156 may enter afterburner 138 as coaxial conduit may run through an interior portion of coaxial conduit 150 .
  • coaxial conduit 150 may provide gaseous fuel directly to afterburner 138 through the space around the periphery of coaxial conduit 152 . Thus any desired mixture of gaseous fuel and air may be provided at afterburner 138 .
  • afterburner 138 may have pilot light 802 that is fed a combustible fuel from an external fuel supply through conduit 804 .
  • pilot light 802 may be used to ignite any mixture of gaseous fuel and air that may be delivered to afterburner 138 .
  • the pilot light 802 may be extinguished or otherwise turned off after the mix of gaseous fuel and air is combusted or converted into hot gas.
  • afterburner 138 may produce a hot gas have a temperature of about 1500 degrees Fahrenheit to about 2800 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • device 100 may produce steam.
  • afterburner 138 may burn a combination of gaseous fuel and air. The burning of the gaseous fuel and air may produce heat for heat exchanger 140 .
  • Heat exchanger 140 may also include a low water cut-off valve 158 which may be actuated to stop operation of heat exchanger 140 if a water level in heat exchanger 140 gets too low.
  • gaseous fuel from a pyrolysis chamber may be fed to afterburner 138 through coaxial conduit 150 using fan 154 , which may be a variable speed induction fan.
  • the gaseous fuel may be mixed with fresh air that may be fed to afterburner 138 through coaxial conduit 152 by fan 156 , which may be a variable speed fresh air fan.
  • Fan 154 may be coupled with line 160 , which may feed gaseous fuel into fan 154 .
  • Fan 154 may run continuously or non-continuously, and may run at any speed. In one exemplary embodiment, fan 154 may run continuously but its speed may be varied for any of a variety of factors.
  • Pressure sensor and controller 162 may continuously monitor the steam pressure in heat exchanger 140 and may relay a signal to fan 154 to vary its speed depending on the pressure in heat exchanger 140 .
  • Pressure sensor and controller 162 may be any type of sensor known to one having ordinary skill in the art.
  • common line 160 may be fed gaseous fuel from any of output lines 164 , 166 or 168 , which may be coupled to the outputs of chambers 102 , 104 and 106 , respectively.
  • Output lines 164 , 166 and 168 may also be coupled to valves or dampers 165 , 167 and 169 , respectively.
  • Valves 165 , 167 and 169 may be electronically operated and may control the flow of any gaseous fuel from any of the chambers to line 160 .
  • one or more valves, such as valves 170 and 172 may be located on line 160 .
  • valve 170 may be located on line 160 between chamber 102 and chamber 104 and valve 172 may be located on line 160 between chamber 104 and chamber 106 .
  • Valves 170 and 172 may also be electronically operated and may control the flow of any gaseous fuel along line 160 .
  • valve 176 may be disposed on line 174 between afterburner 138 and heat exchanger 140 .
  • Valve 176 may be used to regulate the flow of hot gas from afterburner 138 to heat exchanger 140 .
  • valve 176 may typically be in the open position. However, if desired, valve 176 may be closed, which may prevent the flow of hot gas from afterburner 138 to heat exchanger 140 .
  • hot gas may optionally, in some exemplary embodiments, be routed through bypass piping (not shown). However, when valve 176 is open, valve 180 may typically be closed, thus allowing hot gas to enter heat exchanger 140 .
  • device 100 may be able to respond to a demand for heat from heat exchanger 140 .
  • the response to a request for additional heat may be to draw gaseous fuel as needed from one or more of pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 .
  • PSI pounds per square inch
  • Pressure sensor and controller 162 may signal a fan 156 , and fan 156 may provide additional air to afterburner 138 .
  • the change in the amount of air being directed to afterburner 138 may raise the temperature of the hot gas exiting afterburner 138 . Consequently, the steam pressure in heat exchanger 140 may be increased.
  • fan 156 may decrease the amount of air it is sending to afterburner 138 , which may lower the temperature of the hot gas and ultimately may lower the steam pressure in heat exchanger 140 .
  • temperature controller 182 may monitor the temperature of the hot gas exiting afterburner 138 . Temperature controller 182 , in response to the temperature of the hot gas, may regulate the flow of the hot gas into afterburner 138 of both fresh air directed from fan 156 and gaseous fuel from pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 . Temperature controller 182 may be able to signal both fan 154 and fan 156 , which may have their speeds varied to control the amount of gaseous fuel and air entering afterburner 138 , respectively.
  • pressure regulator 184 may monitor the pressure of the hot gas exiting afterburner 138 .
  • the pressure of the hot gas may be high enough to overcome any backpressure from heat exchanger 140 .
  • Pressure regulator 184 may be operatively coupled to fan 186 , which may be an induction fan, in heat exchanger 140 , and may be able to vary the speed of fan 186 .
  • Fan 186 may be activated by pressure regulator 184 at any time, for example when the pressure of the hot gas is too low to overcome the backpressure in heat exchanger 140 . In such a situation, fan 186 may be activated or have its speed increased by pressure regulator 184 to act as an induction device to draw the hot gas into the heat exchanger 140 .
  • temperature controller 182 may have a setting whereby if the temperature of the hot gas from afterburner 140 exceeds a predetermined temperature, device 100 may be shut down or the hot gas may be recycled within device 100 .
  • This temperature may be about 2800 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • a series of valves may be used to control the flow of gaseous fuel from one or more of pyrolysis chambers 102 , 104 and 106 .
  • valve 167 and valve 170 in line 160 may be open.
  • valve 165 , valve 169 and valve 172 may be closed.
  • valve 165 may be open and valve 167 , valve 169 , valve 170 and valve 172 may be closed.
  • valve 169 , valve 172 and valve 170 may be open and valve 165 and valve 167 may be closed.
  • additional valve that may be associated with bypass lines may be available to route the gaseous fuel to other locations.
  • each of the valves described herein may operate automatically, for example through the use of sensors or controllers that open and close the valves at appropriate times or otherwise when desired to achieve a desired operation of device 100 . Further, the operation of the valves may be used to operate device 100 in an efficient manner, such as actuating the appropriate valves so that chamber 102 may be loaded with waste material to be pyrolized while chamber 104 is pyrolizing waste material and, further, while chamber 106 is being unloaded of any incombustible or non-combusted material.
  • device 100 may be used to produce heat 906 for a dryer.
  • dryer 902 may be connected to afterburner 138 through line 174 and valve 176 .
  • dryer 902 may be any type of dryer known to one having ordinary skill in the art.
  • Device 100 may function similar to that described above in previous embodiments except, in this exemplary embodiment, temperature controller 904 may monitor and sense the temperature in dryer 902 and, based upon the desire to raise or lower the temperature in dryer 902 , may activate fan 154 . Therefore, if it is desired to increase the temperature of dryer 902 and corresponding output heat 906 , temperature controller 904 may send a signal to fan 154 to increase its speed.
  • the increased speed of fan 154 will draw more gaseous fuel to afterburner 138 and cause a corresponding increase in the temperature of dryer 902 .
  • a signal may be sent to fan 156 so that an increased amount of air may be introduced to afterburner 138 , along with an increase in gaseous fuel.
  • the speed of fan 154 may be decreased, drawing less fuel from a pyrolyzing chamber, and the speed of fan 156 may also be decreased.
  • heat generated by afterburner 138 may be used as an energy source.
  • any heat generated may be used in any known device, apparatus or method known to one having ordinary skill in the art that may utilize or require heat or may otherwise function with heat or heated gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
US11/808,790 2006-06-16 2007-06-13 System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material Abandoned US20070289507A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/808,790 US20070289507A1 (en) 2006-06-16 2007-06-13 System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material
PCT/US2007/014106 WO2008005171A2 (fr) 2006-06-16 2007-06-14 Système, procédé et appareil servant à pyrolyser un déchet

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81467306P 2006-06-16 2006-06-16
US11/808,790 US20070289507A1 (en) 2006-06-16 2007-06-13 System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20070289507A1 true US20070289507A1 (en) 2007-12-20

Family

ID=38860333

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/808,790 Abandoned US20070289507A1 (en) 2006-06-16 2007-06-13 System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20070289507A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008005171A2 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100058960A1 (en) * 2008-08-15 2010-03-11 Wayne/Scott Fetzer Company Biomass Fuel Furnace System and Related Methods
WO2009081434A3 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2010-03-18 Enzo Ranchetti Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination de déchets contentant des métaux ainsi que des fractions inertes et organiques
US20100288618A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 Greenlight Energy Solutions, Llc Pyrolysis reactor for processing municipal wastes
US20100293853A1 (en) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-25 Greenlight Energy Solutions, Llc Method and system for wasteless processing and complete utilization of municipal and domestic wastes
WO2013179313A1 (fr) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Wte Waste To Energy Canada, Inc Procédé de gazéification discontinue séquentielle avancée
US12435276B1 (en) 2022-04-27 2025-10-07 Arborhill Ventures, Llc Pyrolysis for the management of waste

Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US774544A (en) * 1904-08-04 1904-11-08 William N Weir Kiln.
US1421919A (en) * 1916-07-07 1922-07-04 Alexander H Davidson Cremation furnace
US1555938A (en) * 1922-04-18 1925-10-06 Henry E Brett Mortuary furnace
US4050389A (en) * 1976-07-19 1977-09-27 Nichols Engineering & Research Corporation Method and apparatus for incinerating waste material
US4679268A (en) * 1986-09-11 1987-07-14 Gurries & Okamoto, Inc. Method and apparatus for burning solid waste products using a plurality of multiple hearth furnaces
US4730564A (en) * 1987-06-08 1988-03-15 Abboud Harry I Multi-stage kiln
US4774895A (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-10-04 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Aktiengesellschaft Waste pyrolysis method and apparatus
US4977840A (en) * 1989-09-20 1990-12-18 American Waste Reduction Corporation Minimization of environmental wastes
US5186622A (en) * 1988-12-16 1993-02-16 Gillespie & Powers, Inc. Apparatus and process for removing volatile coatings from scrap metal
US5205225A (en) * 1992-07-22 1993-04-27 Covenant Environmental Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for allowing thermal dimensional changes of metal parts in a retort mechanism
US5220873A (en) * 1992-07-22 1993-06-22 Covenant Environmental Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for retorting organic matter
USRE34298E (en) * 1984-08-17 1993-06-29 American Combustion, Inc. Method for waste disposal
US5224432A (en) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-06 Covenant Environmental Technologies, Inc. Method for retorting organic matter
US5437237A (en) * 1994-03-24 1995-08-01 Digre; John L. Continuous pyrolysis system
US5802993A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-09-08 Meador; W. R. Pyrolysis system and method
US6221329B1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2001-04-24 Svedala Industries, Inc. Pyrolysis process for reclaiming desirable materials from vehicle tires
US6615748B2 (en) * 2000-10-20 2003-09-09 Malahat Systems Corporation Gasifier
US20030200905A1 (en) * 2002-04-29 2003-10-30 Reed Thomas B. Process for making a gas from solid fuels and burning the gas in a close coupled combustor to produce clean heat

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US774544A (en) * 1904-08-04 1904-11-08 William N Weir Kiln.
US1421919A (en) * 1916-07-07 1922-07-04 Alexander H Davidson Cremation furnace
US1555938A (en) * 1922-04-18 1925-10-06 Henry E Brett Mortuary furnace
US4050389A (en) * 1976-07-19 1977-09-27 Nichols Engineering & Research Corporation Method and apparatus for incinerating waste material
USRE34298E (en) * 1984-08-17 1993-06-29 American Combustion, Inc. Method for waste disposal
US4774895A (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-10-04 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Aktiengesellschaft Waste pyrolysis method and apparatus
US4679268A (en) * 1986-09-11 1987-07-14 Gurries & Okamoto, Inc. Method and apparatus for burning solid waste products using a plurality of multiple hearth furnaces
US4730564A (en) * 1987-06-08 1988-03-15 Abboud Harry I Multi-stage kiln
US5186622A (en) * 1988-12-16 1993-02-16 Gillespie & Powers, Inc. Apparatus and process for removing volatile coatings from scrap metal
US4977840A (en) * 1989-09-20 1990-12-18 American Waste Reduction Corporation Minimization of environmental wastes
US5224432A (en) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-06 Covenant Environmental Technologies, Inc. Method for retorting organic matter
US5205225A (en) * 1992-07-22 1993-04-27 Covenant Environmental Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for allowing thermal dimensional changes of metal parts in a retort mechanism
US5220873A (en) * 1992-07-22 1993-06-22 Covenant Environmental Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for retorting organic matter
US5437237A (en) * 1994-03-24 1995-08-01 Digre; John L. Continuous pyrolysis system
US5802993A (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-09-08 Meador; W. R. Pyrolysis system and method
US6221329B1 (en) * 1999-03-09 2001-04-24 Svedala Industries, Inc. Pyrolysis process for reclaiming desirable materials from vehicle tires
US6615748B2 (en) * 2000-10-20 2003-09-09 Malahat Systems Corporation Gasifier
US20030200905A1 (en) * 2002-04-29 2003-10-30 Reed Thomas B. Process for making a gas from solid fuels and burning the gas in a close coupled combustor to produce clean heat

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009081434A3 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2010-03-18 Enzo Ranchetti Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination de déchets contentant des métaux ainsi que des fractions inertes et organiques
US20100058960A1 (en) * 2008-08-15 2010-03-11 Wayne/Scott Fetzer Company Biomass Fuel Furnace System and Related Methods
US8640633B2 (en) 2008-08-15 2014-02-04 Wayne/Scott Fetzer Company Biomass fuel furnace system and related methods
US20100288618A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-11-18 Greenlight Energy Solutions, Llc Pyrolysis reactor for processing municipal wastes
US8328993B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2012-12-11 Greenlight Energy Solutions, Llc Pyrolysis reactor for processing municipal wastes
US20100293853A1 (en) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-25 Greenlight Energy Solutions, Llc Method and system for wasteless processing and complete utilization of municipal and domestic wastes
US8419902B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2013-04-16 Greenlight Energy Solutions, Llc Method and system for wasteless processing and complete utilization of municipal and domestic wastes
WO2013179313A1 (fr) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Wte Waste To Energy Canada, Inc Procédé de gazéification discontinue séquentielle avancée
US12435276B1 (en) 2022-04-27 2025-10-07 Arborhill Ventures, Llc Pyrolysis for the management of waste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008005171A3 (fr) 2008-10-16
WO2008005171A2 (fr) 2008-01-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6758150B2 (en) System and method for thermally reducing solid and liquid waste and for recovering waste heat
US3792671A (en) Incinerator with afterburner
JP4889176B2 (ja) 固形燃料、特に固形廃棄物の燃焼方法及び燃焼装置
US7906695B2 (en) Biomass conversion by combustion
US20070289507A1 (en) System, method and apparatus for pyrolizing waste material
CN109987813B (zh) 含油污泥热解处理系统
JP2003214768A (ja) 過熱蒸気を用いた熱処理設備
SU1548601A1 (ru) Способ пиролиза твердых бытовых отходов
US20060219139A1 (en) Mobile solid waste gasification unit
JP2009052845A (ja) 排ガス処理装置及びボイラシステム
KR20080101522A (ko) 분말화된 음식물 쓰레기 소각 장치
KR101415450B1 (ko) 고형 폐기물의 연소설비
US20180313538A1 (en) Thermal treatment device
WO2010151094A1 (fr) Procédé de combustion de carburant solide et dispositif de mise en œuvre
JP2009139087A (ja) 廃棄物熱分解処理装置の制御方法
CN113531557A (zh) 一种城市废水污泥自维持阴燃处理系统
EP0855004B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour la combustion sans degagement des dechets
JP2008298418A (ja) 有機物の燃焼化装置及び燃料化方法
JP2019052234A (ja) ガス化炉及び有機物のガス化の方法
CN115355511A (zh) 高含水率固废连续自维持阴燃处理装置
CA2522384C (fr) Conversion de la biomasse par combustion
JP2004263193A (ja) 過熱蒸気を用いた熱処理設備
RU2280813C2 (ru) Способ утилизации отходов и камерная печь для его осуществления
RU196603U1 (ru) Установка утилизации твердых отходов
RU82214U1 (ru) Кассетная установка пиролиза для получения угля

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION