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US20070054825A1 - Composition for protection of glassware in dishwashers - Google Patents

Composition for protection of glassware in dishwashers Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070054825A1
US20070054825A1 US10/575,201 US57520104A US2007054825A1 US 20070054825 A1 US20070054825 A1 US 20070054825A1 US 57520104 A US57520104 A US 57520104A US 2007054825 A1 US2007054825 A1 US 2007054825A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bismuth
zinc
aluminium
glassware
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/575,201
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Karlheinz Hahn
Karin Werner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reckitt Benckiser NV
Original Assignee
Reckitt Benckiser NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0324295A external-priority patent/GB0324295D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0404469A external-priority patent/GB0404469D0/en
Application filed by Reckitt Benckiser NV filed Critical Reckitt Benckiser NV
Assigned to RECKITT BENCKISER N.V. reassignment RECKITT BENCKISER N.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAHN, KARLHEINZ ULRICH GERHARD, WERNER, KARIN
Assigned to RECKITT BENCKISER N.V. reassignment RECKITT BENCKISER N.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RECKITT BENCKISER N.V.
Publication of US20070054825A1 publication Critical patent/US20070054825A1/en
Priority to US12/472,804 priority Critical patent/US20090233833A1/en
Priority to US13/012,373 priority patent/US8216990B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/046—Salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
    • C03C3/16—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
    • C03C3/16—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing phosphorus
    • C03C3/19—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing phosphorus containing boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0073—Anticorrosion compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition comprising zinc and bismuth for use in the protection of glassware in an automatic dishwasher process particularly from detrimental phenomena caused by the presence of aluminium.
  • the damage may include cloudiness, scratches, streaks and other discoloration/detrimental effects.
  • Silicate materials have been suggested to be effective in preventing materials from being released by the glass composition.
  • the use of silicate compounds can have detrimental side effects, such as the tendency to increase separation of silicate material at the glass surface.
  • a further solution has been to use zinc, either in metallic form (such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,677,820) or in the form of compounds.
  • zinc in metallic form (such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,677,820) or in the form of compounds.
  • soluble zinc compounds in the prevention of glassware corrosion in a dishwasher is described in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,255,117.
  • WO-A-01/64823 describes the use of a ceramic composition comprising zinc to protect glassware in an automatic dishwashing process.
  • GB-A-2 372 500 and WO-A-00/39259 describe the use of a soluble glass composition comprising zinc (present in the form of ions) to protect glassware in an automatic dishwashing process.
  • the use of a ceramic/glass zinc containing composition overcomes the problems of poor solubility/precipitation described above whilst offering effective glassware protection.
  • Bismuth has been used as an additive to aid the prevention of corrosion of glazed glassware corrosion.
  • BE 860180 describes the use of bismuth to avoid damage of decorated, glazed articles.
  • the value of bismuth in this purpose has been diminished by the detrimental effects that the use of bismuth compound has on other components of the washing process.
  • bismuth has been found to stain plastic materials (such as Tupperware®).
  • Bismuth also causes the formation of a brown stain on non-decorated glassware and cutlery.
  • the glazed portion of the glassware may receive protection, bismuth has been found to stain the non-glazed portions. For these reasons the use of bismuth as a glaze protector has been avoided.
  • a major problem with the use of aluminium is that, with use, the glassware adopts an iridescence. This has the effect of changing the glass from being transparent and colourless to having a coloured hue. Indeed, it has been observed that the detrimental efficacy of aluminium in this regard is so high that even when aluminium is present in a very small amount in the dishwasher liquor this effect is observed. As an example, the use of aluminium based dyes in dishwasher detergents, even in the minuscule quantities that such dyes are required, is avoided so that the iridescence effect does not occur.
  • aluminium is known to exacerbate glass clouding corrosion. This is in contrast to the positive effect of aluminium on mass loss and cord lines. Clearly this detrimental effect prevails over any positive effect and is to be avoided.
  • a composition comprising zinc and bismuth for the protection of glassware in an automatic dishwashing process from detrimental effects caused by exposure of the glassware to aluminium.
  • composition is for use in addressing potential problems which may be caused by exposure of glassware to a source of aluminium in a dishwasher liquor.
  • glassware includes items made of glass (such as drinking glasses and plates) which may be decorated (such as with a glaze and/or with etching/glass addition).
  • the term glassware is also understood to include other items of houseware, which may comprise a material other than glass (such as a ceramic) but which have a glass/glaze coating or decoration (such as a glazed ceramic plate).
  • the ratio of zinc to bismuth in the composition used is preferably in the range from 1:100 to 100:1 (based on mass of the metals). More preferably the ratio of zinc to bismuth in the composition (by mass) is from 1:10 to 10:1, more preferably from 1:5 to 5:1 and most preferably about 1:1.
  • the amount of zinc and bismuth provided to a dishwasher cycle is preferably from 1 to 1000 mg, more preferably from 1 to 500 mg, more preferably from 1 to 200 mg and more preferably 5 to 100 mg.
  • this weight refers to the combined weight of both metals.
  • zinc and bismuth are available as ions in the dishwasher washing liquor.
  • the zinc and bismuth may be in any suitable form to provide ions in the dishwasher liquid.
  • a suitable form is the use of a metallic form of the metals.
  • This form may be as separate forms of each metal disposed within the dishwasher. Such forms have been found to be solubilised over a number of wash cycles, to provide soluble ions of bismuth and zinc.
  • the metal form may also comprise an admixture (such as an alloy) of zinc and bismuth.
  • the alloy may contain further elements, such as other metal elements necessary to ensure stability/solubility of the alloy.
  • Preferred physical forms of the metal/alloy include sheets, perforated sheets, fibres, granules, powders, blocks (e.g. cuboid) or an admixture thereof.
  • a suitable form is the use of a salt or compound of one or both of bismuth and zinc.
  • the salt/compound is one which has an appreciable solubility in the washing liquor so that the effect of the zinc and bismuth can be observed.
  • a salt of either element which only has a low solubility may also be used. In the latter case (as when a metallic form of one or more of the elements themselves is used) the amount of salt/compound which is used in the dishwasher may be increased accordingly to counter the low solubility of the low solubility salts.
  • the salt/compound does not contain a component which is aggressive/detrimental to the dishwasher/dishwasher contents.
  • the salt/compound is ionic it is preferred that the salt/compound is free from chloride anions which are recognised to have a detrimental effect on dishwashers (more particularly on stainless steel dishwasher components/cutlery).
  • soluble metal salts include compounds with anions such as nitrate, sulphate, halide (especially fluoride), phosphate (where soluble), carbonate and carboxylate (such as the anions from C 1 -C 10 mono or multi carboxy function containing carboxylic acids, especially acetate and citrate).
  • Preferred examples of metal compounds having a lower solubility include the oxides of the metals.
  • An admixture of more than one compound may be used. Also a different compound of each metal may be used.
  • the salt/compound is part of a detergent formulation.
  • the detergent formulation may comprise a rinse aid.
  • the detergent formulation may be any common detergent formulation of the type which are usually employed with dishwashers.
  • the formulation may comprise a liquid, gel, powder or tablet formulation. Where the formulation is a liquid/gel generally the zinc and bismuth will be present in solution within the liquid/gel. However, it is also contemplated to have the zinc and bismuth present in the liquid/gel in the form of an insoluble salt/compound so that the zinc/bismuth may comprise a suspended particle (e.g. such as a “speckle” typically found in these formulations).
  • the detergent formulation normally comprises other components which are typically found in dishwasher detergent formulations.
  • the detergent formulation typically comprises one or more components selected from the group comprising surfactants (non-ionic, anionic, cationic and zwitterionic), builders, enzymes, foam suppressants, bleaches, bleach activators, thickeners, perfumes and dyes.
  • the metals comprise from 0.002 to 6 wt % (based on the weight of both metals) of the detergent formulation. More preferably the metals comprise from 0.01 to 3 wt % and most preferably from 0.02 to 1.3 wt % of the dishwasher detergent formulation (e.g. 0.4 wt % for a 20 g tablet).
  • the metals comprise from 0.03 to 30 wt % (based on the weight of both metals) of the rinse aid formulation. More preferably the metals comprise from 0.15 to 15 wt % and most preferably from 0.3 to 7 wt % of the rinse aid formulation.
  • the zinc and/or bismuth may also be present in a soluble ceramic/glass formulation.
  • the glass/ceramic may contain a glass forming material such as silica (SiO 2 ) or a boron oxide (e.g. B 2 O 3 ), an alkali/alkaline metal oxide (e.g. Na 2 O, K 2 O, CaO) and /or a phosphorus oxide (e.g. P 2 O 5 ).
  • the glass/ceramic may comprise a homogenous body or in the alternative may be ground/crushed. Where the glass/ceramic is ground or crushed it preferably has an average particle size of less than 500 ⁇ m.
  • one of the metals may be present in an additive whilst the other metal may be present in a detergent/rinse-aid formulation.
  • the zinc may be present in the dishwasher detergent/rinse-aid together with one or more other detergent components whilst the bismuth may be added as a separate additive such as a glass composition which is disposed within the dishwasher machine.
  • the bismuth may be added as a separate additive such as a glass composition which is disposed within the dishwasher machine.
  • composition comprising zinc, bismuth and aluminium for the protection of the glassware in an automatic dishwasher.
  • the aluminium may be present in the composition in any form (e.g. metallic form, fully/partially soluble aluminium salt/organic compound).
  • the aluminium is present in the formulation such that from 5 to 200 mg of aluminium is released per wash cycle.
  • composition comprising zinc, bismuth and silicate for the protection of aluminium items in an automatic dishwasher.
  • the amount of silicate is present in a ratio of up to 1000:1 based on the weight of the zinc and bismuth components (with the term weight referring to the weight of the elements per se in any compound/admixture containing same). More preferably the amount of silicate is present in a ratio to zinc and bismuth of up to 500:1 and most preferably up to 100:1.
  • the silicate may be present in the composition in any form (e.g. fully/partially soluble salt, organic compound (e.g. silicone), water soluble glass or ceramic).
  • the silicate preferably comprises an admixture of a metal oxide (e.g. an alkali metal oxide such as sodium Na 2 0 or potassium K 2 0) and silica (SiO 2 ).
  • a metal oxide e.g. an alkali metal oxide such as sodium Na 2 0 or potassium K 2 0
  • silica SiO 2
  • the preferred ratio of silica to metal oxide is between 1.0 to 4.0.
  • a preferred example of a silicate is a metal (e.g. an alkali metal) disilicate such as Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , (metal oxide to silica ratio of 2.0).
  • the mass loss of the glass block was on average 0.35 g/cycle, equating to 10 mg Bi 3+ per cycle and 40 mg Zn 2+ per cycle.
  • test glasses were washed 50 to 100 times in a special endurance test dishwasher (Miele G 541 Special).
  • a 20 g tablet of the base detergent described above was used with alternative additives (as specified in the Examples). Automatic dosing of the tablet occurred at the beginning of the cleaning cycle.
  • Water Hardness in the machine less than 0.5 dGH, central softening through ion exchangers, internal ion exchangers not in operation.
  • the test report comprised the following types of glass:
  • the weight loss was determined gravimetrically after 50 to 100 test washes. Visible changes to the glass surface were evaluated in natural light (iridescence) or in a special light box (glass clouding, line corrosion and decoration damage).
  • the dimensions of the light box were 70 cm ⁇ 40 cm ⁇ 65 cm (1 ⁇ b ⁇ h) and the inside of the box was painted matt black.
  • the box was lit from above with an L 20 w/25 S (60 cm long) Osram lamp, which was covered in front with a screen. Shelves were disposed in the box on which the glasses were placed for evaluation. The box was open at the front.
  • the glass corrosion was evaluated using the following criteria; glass clouding (GC), line corrosion (CL), decoration damage (DS) and iridescence (IR). For each parameter a score was given in accordance with the table below. Evaluation Damage Impact 0 No glass damage 1 First minor damage/hardly visible 2 Slight damage, visible to expert or in the light box 3 Visible damage 4 Strong damage, clearly visible
  • Mass Loss 50 cycles 100 cycles Mass Loss (mg) Mass Loss (mg) Glasses Michelangelo 35 59 Octime 25 48 Longchamp 58 94 RKG Kölsch 24.5 45.5 RKG Bier 40 72
  • Mass Loss 70
  • Arcoroc Elegance 17 30
  • Decorated Glassware Snoopy 223 502 Teddy 67 145 Kenia Plates 110
  • Comparative Examples 1 and 2 show that whilst aluminium is able to provide mass loss/line corrosion protection for both decorated and non-decorated glassware it causes an iridescence effect on both decorated and non-decorated glassware (when present in the dishwasher liquor in metallic form as a garlic press). Aluminium also exacerbates glass clouding corrosion—this is particularly noticeable after 100 wash cycles.
  • the aluminium garlic press was also present in the dishwasher.
  • Example 1 show that the presence of both bismuth and zinc completely eliminates the detrimental effect of iridescence caused by the presence of the aluminium.
  • the aluminium garlic press was also present in the dishwasher (however, please see next paragraph).
  • Example 2 surprisingly shows that a formulation containing a combination of zinc and bismuth, when combined with a source of aluminium (the garlic press) provides enhanced glassware corrosion protection (when compared to a combination of zinc and bismuth).
  • composition offers protection for both non-decorated and decorated glassware.
  • the glasses used were as those used in the Glass Examples.
  • the evaluation of the glass corrosion was carried out in the same manner as for the Glass Examples.
  • the plates comprised an alloy of magnesium and aluminium as (ALMg4 96% aluminium and 4% magnesium).
  • the plates measured 100 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 1.5mm and weighed 20 g.
  • the weight loss was determined gravimetrically after 50 to 100 test washes.
  • Mass Loss 50 cycles 100 cycles Mass Loss (mg) Mass Loss (mg) Glasses Michelangelo 7 59 Octime 9 48 Longchamp 15 94 RKG Kolsch 7 45.5 RKG Bier 6 72 Hämann Longdrink 15 124 Arcoroc Elegance 7 30 Sum 66 472.5 Decorated Glassware Snoopy 25 502 Teddy 12 145 Kenia Plates 20 230 Sum 57 877 Al-Plates Plate 2138 4698
  • Mass Loss 50 cycles 100 cycles Mass Loss (mg) Mass Loss (mg) Glasses Michelangelo 3 6 Octime 0.5 4.5 Longchamp 23 48 RKG Kolsch 14 26.5 Goodmann Longdrink 4 10 Arcoroc Elegance 5 5 Sum 49.5 100 Decorated Glassware Snoopy 5 11 Teddy 0 7 Kenia Plates 0 0 Sum 5 18 Al-Plates Plate 104.5 217
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 4 show that aluminium materials without protection dissolve, lose shine and cause iridescence on glassware.
  • sodium disilicate eliminates the dissolution of aluminium materials. However, the aluminium is discoloured, turning an unpleasant brownish-black colour also the shine of the aluminium material is gone. Moreover, sodium disilicate has a negative effect on glassware: glass clouding, line corrosion and even iridescence (due to silicate rather than aluminium) occur.
  • the base detergent formulation was used with 0.67 g of zinc acetate, 0.19 g bismuth citrate and 3.8 g of sodium disilicate.
  • Example 1 show that the presence of a combination of zinc, bismuth and disilicate gives good protection to aluminium such that the corrosion is low and the aluminium keeps its shine. Additionally this combination minimises detrimental effects on glassware: iridescence, glass corrosion on plain and decorated glassware is all vastly reduced.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US10/575,201 2003-10-17 2004-10-18 Composition for protection of glassware in dishwashers Abandoned US20070054825A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/472,804 US20090233833A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2009-05-27 Composition for the protection of glassware in a dishwasher
US13/012,373 US8216990B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2011-01-24 Composition for protection of glassware in dishwasher

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0324295.5 2003-10-17
GB0324295A GB0324295D0 (en) 2003-10-17 2003-10-17 Composition
GB0404469.9 2004-02-28
GB0404469A GB0404469D0 (en) 2004-02-28 2004-02-28 Composition
PCT/GB2004/004410 WO2005037975A1 (fr) 2003-10-17 2004-10-18 Composition permettant de proteger les articles de verre dans un lave-vaisselle

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/004410 A-371-Of-International WO2005037975A1 (fr) 2003-10-17 2004-10-18 Composition permettant de proteger les articles de verre dans un lave-vaisselle

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/472,804 Continuation US20090233833A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2009-05-27 Composition for the protection of glassware in a dishwasher

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20070054825A1 true US20070054825A1 (en) 2007-03-08

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ID=34466433

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/575,201 Abandoned US20070054825A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2004-10-18 Composition for protection of glassware in dishwashers
US12/472,804 Abandoned US20090233833A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2009-05-27 Composition for the protection of glassware in a dishwasher
US12/474,521 Expired - Fee Related US7741236B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2009-05-29 Water-soluble glass composition
US13/012,373 Expired - Fee Related US8216990B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2011-01-24 Composition for protection of glassware in dishwasher

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/472,804 Abandoned US20090233833A1 (en) 2003-10-17 2009-05-27 Composition for the protection of glassware in a dishwasher
US12/474,521 Expired - Fee Related US7741236B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2009-05-29 Water-soluble glass composition
US13/012,373 Expired - Fee Related US8216990B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2011-01-24 Composition for protection of glassware in dishwasher

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (4) US20070054825A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1673426B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE394462T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004281311B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0415349B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2542596C (fr)
DE (1) DE602004013615D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2302030T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1673426T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005037975A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

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GB2402132B (en) * 2003-05-28 2005-10-19 Reckitt Benckiser Nv Dishwasher anti-corrosion composition
PL1673426T3 (pl) * 2003-10-17 2008-07-31 Reckitt Benckiser Finish Bv Kompozycja ochronna do wyrobów szklanych w zmywarkach
US8067321B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2011-11-29 Icl Performance Products, Lp Sodium-potassium hexametaphosphate and potassium metaphosphate with a low insolubles content

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AU2004281311B2 (en) 2010-05-13
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ES2302030T3 (es) 2008-07-01
PL1673426T3 (pl) 2008-07-31
BRPI0415349A (pt) 2006-12-05
WO2005037975A1 (fr) 2005-04-28
US7741236B2 (en) 2010-06-22
CA2542596C (fr) 2014-01-21
US20090239731A1 (en) 2009-09-24
US8216990B2 (en) 2012-07-10
AU2004281311A1 (en) 2005-04-28
ATE394462T1 (de) 2008-05-15
DE602004013615D1 (de) 2008-06-19
CA2542596A1 (fr) 2005-04-28
EP1673426A1 (fr) 2006-06-28
EP1673426B1 (fr) 2008-05-07

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