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US20030167551A1 - Garment assembly - Google Patents

Garment assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030167551A1
US20030167551A1 US10/312,199 US31219903A US2003167551A1 US 20030167551 A1 US20030167551 A1 US 20030167551A1 US 31219903 A US31219903 A US 31219903A US 2003167551 A1 US2003167551 A1 US 2003167551A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
inner liner
water
abrasion
garment
outer shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/312,199
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James Findlay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WL Gore and Associates UK Ltd
Original Assignee
WL Gore and Associates UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WL Gore and Associates UK Ltd filed Critical WL Gore and Associates UK Ltd
Assigned to W. L. GORE & ASSOCIATES (UK) LTD. reassignment W. L. GORE & ASSOCIATES (UK) LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FINDLAY, JAMES
Publication of US20030167551A1 publication Critical patent/US20030167551A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
    • A41D27/02—Linings
    • A41D27/04—Removable linings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D3/00—Overgarments
    • A41D3/02—Overcoats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • A41D31/085—Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a garment assembly comprising an outer shell and an inner liner; and to a liner for use in the assembly.
  • the invention relates to a garment assembly wherein the inner liner is water-resistant and water-vapour-permeable and the outer shell is fixed or replaceable.
  • Garments comprising an inner liner which is water-resistant and water-vapour-permeable and which have a replaceable outer shell are known.
  • the replaceable outer shell is generally attached to the inner liner in a removable manner e.g. by zips or press-studs, and gives the wearer the flexibility to choose the colour or fabric of the outer shell independently of the nature of the inner liner (which imparts the necessary water-resistance and water-vapour-permeability).
  • Water-resistance means that under normal conditions of wear, the garment is impervious to penetration by liquid water.
  • Water-vapour-permeability is the ability for moisture exuded from the body of the wearer to pass through the inner liner so as to prevent build up of moisture inside the garment, making it uncomfortable to wear.
  • a known construction of such a garment involves an inner liner formed of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane having a water-vapour-permeable polymeric coating on an inner surface thereof facing the body of the wearer.
  • ePTFE expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
  • a knitted material is normally laminated to an inner side of the mebrane and another knitted layer is laminated to the outer side of the membrane to protect against abrasion with the outer shell of the garment.
  • a problem with this known construction is that under rainy conditions, water penetrates the outer shell and wets the outer facing knitted layer of the inner liner. This knitted layer becomes saturated with water and gives the garment a clammy feel to the wearer and also adds extra weight. This derives from the water absorbancy and retention properties of the knitted materials conventionally used on the outer side of the liner.
  • a further problem with this known constructions is that it is sometimes difficult to seam-seal the seams of the inner liner to provide the required water-resistance to the liner as a whole, due to the presence of the outward facing knitted layer.
  • water-resistant water-vapour-permeable garments of this type are generally seam-sealed to provide water-tightness by applying a tape over seams in the garment to prevent water ingress through the seams.
  • this is accomplished in the present invention by providing a discontinuous pattern of polymeric material over the outward facing side of the water-resistant water-vapour-permeable liner, so as to resist abrasion between the liner and the outer shell.
  • the abrasion-resistant polymeric material does not have the disadvantage of becoming wetted by rain to any significant extent.
  • the present invention provides a garment which comprises:
  • the inner liner comprising a water-resistant water-vapour-permeable material having a first side and a second side;
  • the first side facing the outer shell, and a discontinuous pattern of abrasion-resisting polymeric material being provided over said first side.
  • the invention also relates to the inner liner per se having attachment means for attaching to an outer garment shell.
  • the outer garment shell may in principal be formed of any fabric or other material suitable for this purpose. It can be made of any suitable weight of fabric, though lightweight fabrics are preferred to avoid making the overall garment too heavy. Generally, the fabric will be one which retains water to a minimal extent and is fast drying. It may be treated with a conventional shower-proofing coating, including water repellant coatings or impregnations.
  • the outer shell may surround the inner liner either completely or incompletely. For example, if the inner liner includes sleeves, the outer garment could be in the form of a vest or waistcoat covering only the body part of the inner liner and leaving the sleeves free.
  • the outer shell may be fixed to the inner liner.
  • the outer shell is removable and interchangeable.
  • a number of outer shells may be provided, each differing in terms of colour or fabric or each carrying different logos or wording. For example, a paramedic arriving at an emergency scene might attach onto his inner liner an outer shell bearing particular wording, such as “Supervisor”.
  • the outer shell is preferably removeably attached to the inner liner by conventional attachment means, such as zips, press studs, hooks, hook and eye fasteners e.g. Velcro (trademark).
  • attachment means such as zips, press studs, hooks, hook and eye fasteners e.g. Velcro (trademark).
  • the outer shell is attached to the inner liner by a pair of zips extending down either side of the front opening of the garment.
  • the outer shell and the inner liner are usually only loosely attached to one another and there is a spacing between.
  • the inner liner comprises a water-resistant water-vapour-permeable material. Suitable materials are disclosed in patent specification GB2316341A. Thus, a preferred material comprises a woven or non-woven substrate, typically formed from expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) coated on the first side facing the outer shell with a water-resistant water-vapour-permeable hydrophilic film of the type disclosed in patent specification U.S. Pat. No. 4,194,041.
  • the polymer is generally a hydrophilic polymer such as a polyurethane or polyester.
  • the hydrophilic polymer may include a filler such as disclosed in patent specification GB9921103.9; nanometer sized carbon particles being particularly preferred in view of the improved abrasion resistance that they impart.
  • the water-resistant water-vapour-permeable material may alternatively comprise a microporous or hydrophilic material such as a high molecular weight microporous polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyester or copolymers thereof.
  • the discontinuous pattern of abrasion-resisting material may be in the form of continuous lines or grids or in the form of unconnected bodies of abrasion-resisting polymer, such as dots, chevrons, discrete lines or other unconnected shapes.
  • the dots may be any shape (in plan-view), such as squares, circles, ovals, rectangles, polygons etc. In order to minimise abrasion of the outer shell, shapes having sharp corners are not preferred.
  • the dots are truncated pyramidal, truncated hemispherical, hemispherical or part-spherical in three-dimensional shape.
  • the polymeric material is partially raised from the surface of the hydrophilic material and the raised profiles are preferably smooth to avoid snagging of the inner liner against the outer shells
  • the pattern of dots may be a random pattern or an orderly pattern according to a predetermined spatial geometry.
  • Each dot preferably has a maximum diameter of 200 to 2000 microns, preferably 500 to 1000 microns.
  • the dots may be spaced apart centre-to-centre by 250 to 3000 microns, particularly 800 to 1200 microns.
  • the dots have a height above said first side of 50 to 500 microns, especially 100 to 400 microns.
  • the abrasion-resisting polymeric material covers 30-80%, preferably 40-75% and typically 50-70% of the first side of the material of the inner liner.
  • the abrasion resisting polymeric material may include a prepolymer which cures in situ, a UV light-curable polymer, a room temperature vulcanising polymer, or a thermoplastic polymer.
  • the polymeric material may be applied to the substrate in liquid form from a hot melt, by solution coating or by emulsion coating.
  • Suitable elastomeric polymers include polyesters, polyvinylchloride, polyamides, silicones, polyurethane, or polyurethane-polyester composites. Reactive polyurethanes, such as blocked polymers, whose reactive groups unblock above a certain temperature are especially useful.
  • the cured polymer will generally be resistant to conventional dry-cleaning solvents. Conventional application methods includes screen printings gravure printing and spraying.
  • the polymeric material may be water-vapour-permeable or not, and the particular polymer will be chosen such that the water-vapour-permeability of the inner liner is within chosen limits.
  • a conventional textile lining may be laminated to the second side or inner side of the liner material.
  • the water-vapour-permeability (MVTR) of the inner liner will generally be at least 1,000 or preferably at least 1500 and most preferably greater than 3,000 g/m 2 /day.
  • the water-resistance of the inner liner may be measured by the Suter water-resistance test.
  • An acceptable practical indication of water-resistance is one in which there is no evidence of water being forced through a sample by a pressure of 1.4 lbs per sq.inch (0.1 kg/cm 2 ) or more typically 2.0 lbs per sq.inch (0.14 kg/cm 2 ).
  • Abrasion resistance may be measured employing a Martindale abrasion machine of the type described in J.Text.Inst. 1942:33, T151. After a predetermined number of rubs, the material is removed and tested for water-resistance until a leak is detected.
  • garment includes jackets, trousers, overcoats etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of a garment i.e. a jacket, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer shell and inner liner construction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a jacket according to the present invention comprising an inner liner 2 and an outer shell 4 removably attached thereto. Both the inner liner and outer shell are full garments i.e. they cover both the body and arms of the wearer.
  • the inner liner is attached to the outer shell by means of half-zips 6 , 8 respectively down the front of the inner liner and outer shell, which are removably connected by means of a zip clasp 9 .
  • One complete zip is provided along each side of the front opening of the jacket.
  • the jacket is shown with the zip partially open to reveal a portion 10 of the inner liner, which is a first side of the water-resistant water-vapour-permeable material, and on which is provided the discontinuous pattern of abrasion-resisting polymeric dots.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed cross-section of the inner liner 2 and the outer shell 4 .
  • Suitable fabrics for the outer shell 4 include filament, staple or blends thereof of any suitable fibre including acrylics, polyesters, polypropylenes, nylons, aramids and melamines. They may be knitted, woven, non-wovens, impregnated fabrics or porous coated fabrics. Generally, the fabric has a moisture vapour permeability (MVTR) in the range 4000 to 19000g/m 2 /24 hr.
  • MVTR moisture vapour permeability
  • a preferred material for the outer shell is a 65% polyester, 35% cotton blend woven fabric, twill weave (weight 300 g/m 2 ) treated with a water repellant finish (MVTR 19000 g/m 2 /24 hr).
  • the inner liner 2 comprises an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane 20 of the type disclosed in patent specification U.S. Pat. 3,953,566 having applied thereto a coating 22 comprising a hydrophilic polymer as described in patent specification U.S. Pat. No. 4,194,041.
  • the ePTFE layer 20 and the hydrophilic polymer coating 22 constitute the water-resistant water-vapour-permeable material of the inner liner.
  • the dots are applied in a rosette pattern.
  • Each dot is in the shape of a truncated square pyramid of diameter approximately 780 microns and height 200 microns. Coverage is typically 60%.
  • the composite inner liner laminate may be made by the coating and lamination techniques described in GB2316341.
  • the abrasion-resisting polymer is a polyurethane polymer referred to as OLC-5T prepared according to Example 1 of patent specification U.S. Pat. No. 5,209,969. Silicone polymer could also be used.
  • Both the hydrophilic coating 22 and optionally the polymeric abrasion-resisting dots comprise a filler consisting of nanometer size carbon particles.
  • the textile lining 30 is a 100% polyester warp knitted, sueded material of a mass approximately 110 g/m 2 .
  • the inner liner has an overall moisture vapour permeability in the region 3,000 g/m 2 /24 hr to 14,000 g/m 2 /24 hr.
  • the breathability of the garment as a whole is greater than 2600 g/m 2 /24 hr.
  • the abrasion resistance of the inner liner was measured using a Martindale abrasion testing machine as described in patent specification GB2316341.
  • the abrasion resistance of the first side of the liner having the abrasion-resisting dot pattern was tested against 12 kPa abradent wool, and no leaks (1 psi for 3 mins) were detected after 105,000 rubs.
  • a further benefit of this construction is that seam sealing of the sewn seams of the inner liner is carried out over the first side of the inner liner i.e. over the polymeric dot pattern.
  • the seam sealing tape is not visible on the inside of the garment but is hidden by the presence of the outer shell.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Outerwear In General, And Traditional Japanese Garments (AREA)
  • Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
US10/312,199 2000-06-29 2001-06-19 Garment assembly Abandoned US20030167551A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0016014A GB2364002B (en) 2000-06-29 2000-06-29 Garment assembly
GB0016014.3 2000-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030167551A1 true US20030167551A1 (en) 2003-09-11

Family

ID=9894702

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/312,199 Abandoned US20030167551A1 (en) 2000-06-29 2001-06-19 Garment assembly

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20030167551A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1294245B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004502050A (fr)
AT (1) ATE279867T1 (fr)
AU (2) AU2001274269B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2414350C (fr)
DE (1) DE60106614T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2364002B (fr)
WO (1) WO2002001977A1 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2865113A1 (fr) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-22 Salomon Sa Renfort
EP1568485A1 (fr) * 2004-02-26 2005-08-31 Japan Gore-Tex, Inc. Feuille stratifiée et tissu composite, perméables à l'air et imperméables à l'eau
US20070022510A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Salomon S.A. Close-fitting garment
WO2008102483A1 (fr) 2007-02-21 2008-08-28 Teijin Fibers Limited Tissu perméable à l'humidité, étanche à l'eau, pour vêtement et vêtement
US20110059288A1 (en) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Shavel Jonathan G Flannel sheeting fabric for use in home textiles
CN102894495A (zh) * 2012-10-10 2013-01-30 红豆集团无锡远东服饰有限公司 附带羽绒背心的羽绒服
US20130330524A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2013-12-12 Clare R. King Protective covers and related fabrics
US20140090147A1 (en) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 H&K The Poppet Company LLC Convertible Garment
US9204525B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2015-12-01 Cocoon Inc. Protective covers
US20150374054A1 (en) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-31 Nike, Inc. Neckline Gusset For An Apparel Item
EP2429811B1 (fr) 2009-05-13 2016-04-13 W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Vêtements légers, durables, et stratifiés destinés à leur fabrication
US20160143374A1 (en) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-26 Lime Enterprises International Limited Anti-grip kimono
US20190168031A1 (en) * 2017-02-02 2019-06-06 Innotex Inc. Protective interfaces for firefighter garments
US20220273051A1 (en) * 2021-02-26 2022-09-01 Tempo Outerwear Inc. Multilayer child's jacket configured to avoid impeding effectiveness of vehicle child safety seat
US20230013362A1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2023-01-19 Anssil Co., Ltd. Three-dimensional string woven air cushion and manufacturing method thereof
US11700896B2 (en) * 2020-02-06 2023-07-18 Nike, Inc. Upper body garment with enhanced mobility portions

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US7111328B2 (en) 2003-02-13 2006-09-26 Robison's Inc. Hybrid ventilated garment
RU2242150C1 (ru) * 2003-12-18 2004-12-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет технологий и дизайна" Многослойная деталь для одежды
USD555878S1 (en) 2007-05-04 2007-11-27 Robison's Inc. Reconfigurable motorcycle jacket
AU2008261193B2 (en) * 2008-12-23 2013-07-18 Denim Brothers Group Pty Ltd Protective Garment
ITBO20110638A1 (it) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-09 Angelo Fabrizio Bianchi Capo d'abbigliamento traspirante
CN103271458A (zh) * 2013-06-13 2013-09-04 太仓协大申泰羊毛衫有限公司 一种多功能羊毛衫

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US2466911A (en) * 1947-01-03 1949-04-12 Edwin E Raymond Fabric for the manufacture of rainproof garments
US2715226A (en) * 1953-06-11 1955-08-16 Louis I Weiner Ventilative garment
US3514788A (en) * 1968-12-23 1970-06-02 Betty Miller Beauty care protective garment
US3953566A (en) * 1970-05-21 1976-04-27 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Process for producing porous products
US4076881A (en) * 1975-09-02 1978-02-28 Sanyo Shokai Ltd. Interlining structure for apparel and method for its production
US4136222A (en) * 1977-04-18 1979-01-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Thermally insulating sheet material
US4194041A (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-03-18 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Waterproof laminate
US4438533A (en) * 1980-06-03 1984-03-27 Kufner Textilwerke Kg Interlining for garments and method for the manufacture thereof
US5014358A (en) * 1988-06-30 1991-05-14 Shigeru Matumori Shooting coat for absorbing shock of shooting
US5063101A (en) * 1988-12-23 1991-11-05 Freudenberg Nonwovens Limited Partnership Interlining
US5040243A (en) * 1989-07-28 1991-08-20 Mont-Bell Co., Ltd. Garment with a covering
US4999850A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-03-19 Grilliot William L Firefighter's integrated garment
US5029344A (en) * 1990-09-06 1991-07-09 Shannon Thomas D Double-reversible garments
US5972449A (en) * 1991-06-04 1999-10-26 Donaldson Company, Inc. Porous products manufactured from polytetrafluoroethylene treated with a perfluoroether fluid and methods of manufacturing such products
US5264276A (en) * 1992-04-06 1993-11-23 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Chemically protective laminate
US5913406A (en) * 1995-02-21 1999-06-22 Molnlycke Health Care Ab Surgical coat
US6018819A (en) * 1998-04-15 2000-02-01 Bha Technologies, Inc. Garment with moisture vapor transmissive wind barrier panels
US6481015B1 (en) * 1998-07-23 2002-11-19 Europrotect France Sa Textile complex for making clothes for protection against heat
US6209144B1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2001-04-03 Eddie R. Carter Protective garment
US6490734B2 (en) * 2000-11-06 2002-12-10 Blauer Manufacturing Company, Inc. Single layer jacket with detachable liner

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2865113A1 (fr) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-22 Salomon Sa Renfort
EP1557103A1 (fr) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-27 Salomon S.A. Renfort
EP1568485A1 (fr) * 2004-02-26 2005-08-31 Japan Gore-Tex, Inc. Feuille stratifiée et tissu composite, perméables à l'air et imperméables à l'eau
US9504860B2 (en) * 2005-05-06 2016-11-29 Bha Altair, Llc Protective covers and related fabrics
US20130330524A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2013-12-12 Clare R. King Protective covers and related fabrics
US7886367B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2011-02-15 Salomon S.A.S. Close-fitting garment
EP2266427A3 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2011-08-31 Salomon S.A.S. Vétement ajusté
US20070022510A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Salomon S.A. Close-fitting garment
US9204525B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2015-12-01 Cocoon Inc. Protective covers
EP2116373A4 (fr) * 2007-02-21 2012-05-30 Teijin Fibers Ltd Tissu perméable à l'humidité, étanche à l'eau, pour vêtement et vêtement
WO2008102483A1 (fr) 2007-02-21 2008-08-28 Teijin Fibers Limited Tissu perméable à l'humidité, étanche à l'eau, pour vêtement et vêtement
EP2429811B1 (fr) 2009-05-13 2016-04-13 W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Vêtements légers, durables, et stratifiés destinés à leur fabrication
US20110059288A1 (en) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Shavel Jonathan G Flannel sheeting fabric for use in home textiles
US20140090147A1 (en) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 H&K The Poppet Company LLC Convertible Garment
CN102894495A (zh) * 2012-10-10 2013-01-30 红豆集团无锡远东服饰有限公司 附带羽绒背心的羽绒服
US20150374054A1 (en) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-31 Nike, Inc. Neckline Gusset For An Apparel Item
US9380821B2 (en) * 2014-06-25 2016-07-05 Nike, Inc. Neckline gusset for an apparel item
US20160143374A1 (en) * 2014-11-21 2016-05-26 Lime Enterprises International Limited Anti-grip kimono
US10362815B2 (en) * 2014-11-21 2019-07-30 Lime Enterprises Limited Anti-grip kimono
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DE60106614D1 (de) 2004-11-25
CA2414350A1 (fr) 2002-01-10
JP2004502050A (ja) 2004-01-22
EP1294245B1 (fr) 2004-10-20
AU2001274269B2 (en) 2004-10-28
CA2414350C (fr) 2009-08-25
WO2002001977A1 (fr) 2002-01-10
DE60106614T2 (de) 2006-02-16
AU7426901A (en) 2002-01-14
GB2364002B (en) 2004-04-14
GB2364002A (en) 2002-01-16
EP1294245A1 (fr) 2003-03-26
GB0016014D0 (en) 2000-08-23
ATE279867T1 (de) 2004-11-15

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