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US20030155673A1 - Method for spinning a spinning solution and spinning head - Google Patents

Method for spinning a spinning solution and spinning head Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030155673A1
US20030155673A1 US10/258,058 US25805803A US2003155673A1 US 20030155673 A1 US20030155673 A1 US 20030155673A1 US 25805803 A US25805803 A US 25805803A US 2003155673 A1 US2003155673 A1 US 2003155673A1
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Prior art keywords
spinning
capillary
dope
temperature
head according
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US10/258,058
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English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Zikeli
Friedrich Ecker
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LL Plant Engineering AG
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • D01D1/06—Feeding liquid to the spinning head
    • D01D1/09—Control of pressure, temperature or feeding rate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of spinning a spinning dope comprising a tertiary amine oxide, water and cellulose, said method comprising the steps of supplying the spinning dope from a spinning-dope storage reservoir to a spinning head continuously or discontinuously and conducting it in said spinning head through at least one spinning capillary provided at its downstream end with a spinning-dope discharge opening through which the spinning dope is discharged from the spinning head.
  • the present invention additionally relates to a spinning head for spinning a spinning dope flowing through said spinning head and containing tertiary amine oxide, said spinning head comprising at least one spinning capillary having a spinning-dope discharge opening at its downstream end, the spinning dope being discharged from the spinning head through said spinning-dope discharge opening, and further comprising a heating device which acts on said spinning dope.
  • spinning capillary stands here for the last section of the spinning head through which the spinning dope flows and which defines the spinning-dope discharge opening.
  • the spun thread is formed by means of the spinning capillary.
  • Such a method and such a device are-known e.g. from WO 99/47733.
  • a spinning capillary which comprises a pre-capillary (referred to as capillary in said reference) and a spinning capillary following said pre-capillary in the direction of flow of the spinning dope (referred to as orifice in said reference).
  • the pre-capillary and the spinning capillary are produced from a two-part metal block.
  • the diameter of the pre-capillary is 1.2 to 2.5 that of the spinning capillary.
  • the spinning head of WO 99/47733 is provided with openings in the area of the pre-capillary, said openings being used for accommodating a heating device.
  • Said heating device serves to heat the metal block of the spinning head in the area of the pre-capillary.
  • the spinning block of WO 99/47733 is surrounded by a gas chamber which contains a heated gas flowing out of the spinning head substantially parallel to the spinning dope discharged from the spinning-dope discharge opening and surrounding the discharged spinning dope.
  • the operating temperature of the spinning head in the area of the pre-capillary and of the spinning capillary ranges from 70° C. to 140° C.
  • the temperature of the gas discharged is preferably 70° C., i.e. it is lower than the temperature of the spinning head.
  • the spinning head according to WO 99/47733 is disadvantageous insofar as, due to the structural design of the spinning head described in said reference, the hole density that can be realized is only low.
  • An additional disadvantage is that the temperature can only be influenced in the area of the pre-capillary. Due to the high cellulose concentrations used when NMO/water/cellulose solutions are spun and due to the high structural viscosity, it is necessary to influence the spinning temperature. In addition, attention should be paid to a good uniformity of the temperature profile, a requirement which is not fulfilled in the case of the spinning nozzle and the heating system described in WO 99/47733.
  • the object to be achieved is to improve the spinning heads according to the generic clause in such a way that the spun fibres have a lower fibrillation tendency and a high non-looping property.
  • the fibrillation tendency is determined by a so-called “shaking test”.
  • the shaking test is described in the periodical “Chemiefaser Textilindustrie” 43/95 (1993), pp. 879 et seq., and in WO 96/07779.
  • the fibres which have a standard length, are shaken in water in the presence of glass beads for a predetermined period of time.
  • the fibrillation degree of the fibre is determined by examination under the microscope: if a large amount of split-off fibrils is found under the microscope, this means that the fibrillation value is high and consequently poor.
  • this object is achieved in accordance with the present invention by the feature that, close to said spinning-dope discharge opening, the wall of the spinning capillary is heated, at least sectionwise, to a temperature which is higher than the core temperature of the spinning dope in the spinning capillary.
  • this object is achieved in accordance with the present invention by the feature that, in an area close to the spinning-dope discharge opening, the wall temperature of the spinning capillary is higher than the core temperature of the spinning dope, when the spinning head is in operation.
  • the pre-capillary is heated, but the spinning capillary extending up to the spinning-dope discharge opening is not heated.
  • the pre-capillary has a larger diameter than the capillary. Due to the sudden change of cross-section between the pre-capillary and the capillary, the temperature distribution in the spinning dope, which has built up in the pre-capillary, is disturbed so that a temperature distribution that is advantageous for spinning the spinning dope can no longer develop over the short length of the capillary.
  • the device according to WO 99/47733 does not offer the possibility of heating the capillary wall to a temperature which is higher than the core temperature of the spinning dope. Due to the large travelling length of the pre-capillary and the low flow rate of the spinning dope in the pre-capillary, the spinning dope will heat in the pre-capillary to the temperature of the pre-capillary wall. There are two reasons for the fact that the wall temperature of the capillary of WO 99/47733 is lower than the temperature of the spinning dope: firstly, the gas discharged from the gas chamber flows through the annular gap along the outer wall of the capillary in the case of the spinning head of WO 99/47733.
  • the temperature of this gas is lower than the temperature of the spinning dope. It follows that, in the case of the device of WO 99/47733, the capillary area close to the discharge opening is actually cooled by the gas to a temperature below the core temperature of the spinning dope.
  • the capillary wall close to the discharge opening is heated only indirectly by the heating device of the spinning head according to WO 99/47733: the heating device is arranged close to the pre-capillary and acts primarily only on said pre-capillary.
  • the downstream capillary is heated only indirectly via the heating of the capillary block. It follows that the wall temperature of the capillary close to the discharge opening will always be lower than the temperature of the pre-capillary in the case of the spinning head according to WO 99147733.
  • the wall of the spinning capillary can be heated directly by a heating device.
  • the heating device acts directly on the spinning-capillary wall.
  • Such direct heating does not exist in the case of a conventional spinning head of the type disclosed in WO 99/47733.
  • the spinning-capillary wall is heated indirectly via the great mass of the spinning block.
  • Direct heating of the spinning-capillary wall has, however, the advantage that the temperature of the wall can be controlled more exactly and with faster response, since great inertial masses, which can react only slowly to temperature variations, do not exist.
  • a temperature controller by means of which the wall temperature of the spinning capillary is controlled to an adjustable value can be provided in accordance with a further advantageous embodiment.
  • a temperature controller permits the wall temperature to be adapted automatically to variations in the spinning process, e.g. to different spinning dopes or different spinning-head geometries.
  • the wall temperature of the spinning capillary can be controlled in dependence upon the mass flow rate of the spinning dope through the spinning capillary.
  • the heat transfer from the capillary wall increases in response to the mass flow rate so that the heating of the capillary wall must be adapted accordingly.
  • variations in the mass flow rate through the spinning capillary can be compensated for by controlling the wall temperature.
  • the wall temperature of the spinning capillary can also be controlled in dependence upon the spinning pressure in the spinning dope, preferably in dependence upon the spinning pressure of the spinning dope in the capillary.
  • the flow velocity and, consequently, the heat transfer in the spinning dope also depends on the spinning pressure and thus on the flow velocity in the spinning dope: the flow velocity of the spinning dope through the spinning capillary increases as the spinning pressure increases. Also in this case, it will be advantageous when variations in the spinning pressure can be compensated for by controlling the wall temperature of the spinning capillary.
  • the fibrillation tendency can especially be reduced, when, in accordance with a further advantageous embodiment, the heating of the spinning-capillary wall produces a predetermined temperature profile across the flow cross-section of the spinning capillary when the spinning head is in operation.
  • the velocity profile of the spinning dope in the spinning capillary is purposefully influenced on the basis of the temperature-dependent viscosity of the spinning dope.
  • the capillary wall is heated strongly, it will be possible to reduce the viscosity of the spinning dope in the wall area to a substantial extent.
  • Such heating will lead to a reduced wall friction in the spinning dope and to a fuller/wider flow profile in the capillary: the distribution of the flow velocity over the flow cross-section no longer has the strongly curved profile of a pipe flow, but it has a broad maximum which extends in an almost constant form up to the wall of the spinning capillary.
  • the fibrillation tendency can be improved in this way by influencing the flow profile via the wall temperature.
  • This effect of the wall temperature on the flow profile of the spinning dope in the spinning capillary can be increased still further in accordance with an advantageous embodiment, when a predetermined temperature profile of the spinning-capillary wall can also be adjusted in the direction of flow of the spinning dope by heating the spinning-capillary wall when the spinning head is in operation.
  • the velocity profile in the spinning capillary is influenced by purposefully changing the temperature distribution in the direction of flow. The formation of a pipe flow profile is reliably avoided and the flow profile can be optimized still further by adapting the temperature distribution in the direction of flow.
  • a plurality of independently operating heating devices can be provided on the spinning capillary in the direction of flow.
  • a particularly uniform heating of the spinning-capillary wall can be achieved when a heated heating fluid flows around the wall of the spinning capillary on the outside thereof.
  • electric heating of the type described e.g. in WO 99/47733—abrupt changes in the spatial temperature distribution will not occur in the case of heating by means of a fluid.
  • local overheating can be avoided.
  • the temperature of the heating fluid is at least 100° C., preferably approximately 150° C.
  • the temperature of the heating fluid can, in an advantageous manner, also be in the range of 50° C., 80° C. or 100° C. and 150° C. or 180° C.
  • the wall temperature of the spinning capillary can even exceed the decomposition temperature of the spinning dope.
  • the residence time of the spinning dope in the spinning capillary is not long enough for the spinning dope to reach the decomposition temperature.
  • At least one temperature sensor can be provided for detecting the temperature of the capillary wall and/or the temperature of the spinning dope in the area of said capillary wall.
  • the temperature sensor is adapted to output an electric signal which is representative of the capillary-wall temperature.
  • the temperature of the capillary wall can be determined directly or indirectly at any time.
  • the signal can be supplied to a control device by means of which the wall temperature can be controlled.
  • the temperature controller will change the temperature of the heating fluid in a suitable manner.
  • At least one temperature sensor can be provided in accordance with a further advantageous embodiment, said temperature sensor being used for detecting the temperature of the heating fluid and for outputting said temperature of the heating fluid to the control device in the form of an electric signal.
  • the wall temperature of the spinning capillary can be determined and controlled via the detection of the heating fluid temperature.
  • the spinning head it may be particularly advantageous when the area of the spinning-capillary wall which is heated by the heating device and the temperature of which is higher than the core temperature of the spinning dope extends essentially up to the spinning-dope discharge opening.
  • the spinning-dope discharge opening is a particularly critical point at which a high wall temperature will influence the fibrillation tendency in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the jet expansion immediately after the discharge of the spinning dope from the discharge opening the so-called strand expansion, can be suppressed by heating the discharge opening. This will result in an improved surface structure of the spun fibres and, consequently, the non-looping property will be increased still further and the fibrillation tendency will be reduced still further.
  • the area of the spinning-capillary wall which is heated by the heating device and the temperature of which is higher than the core temperature of the spinning dope can extend essentially over the whole length of the spinning capillary.
  • the whole spinning capillary can be heated; due to the reduced viscosity of the spinning dope in the vicinity of the wall and due to the travelling length in the spinning capillary, this will lead to the complete formation of a full velocity profile over the cross-section of the spinning capillary.
  • the temperature of the spinning-capillary wall should be rapidly adjustable by the heating device and it should rapidly react to temperature variations.
  • this can be achieved by the features that the spinning capillary is implemented as a spinning-capillary tube in the form of a substantially thin-walled tube, and that the heating device acts directly on the wall area of said spinning-capillary tube close to the spinning-dope discharge opening. Due to the thin-walled structural design of the spinning capillary, the wall temperature will react rapidly in response to a change of the temperature of the heating device, since there is hardly any inertial mass.
  • the heating device acts directly on the thin-walled spinning capillary, a rapid response will additionally be guaranteed. It will be advantageous when the wall thickness of the spinning-capillary tube is less than 200 ⁇ m, preferably less than 150 ⁇ m.
  • the spinning-dope discharge opening of the spinning-capillary tube can be surrounded, at least sectionwise, by a gap opening, a transport fluid flowing out of said gap opening essentially in the direction of the spinning dope discharged from the spinning-dope discharge opening when the spinning head is in operation.
  • the transport fluid surrounds the spinning-dope jet discharged from the discharge opening of the spinning capillary and reduces the abrupt change of velocity at the outer surface of the jet. This has the effect that the jet is stabilized and that the flow on said outer surface calms down.
  • the velocity of the transport fluid flowing out of the gap opening when the spinning head is in operation can correspond substantially to the velocity of the spinning dope discharged from the spinning-dope discharge opening.
  • the spinning head is so conceived that, close to the spinning-dope discharge opening, the spinning-capillary tube is surrounded by a heating chamber containing a heating fluid. It will be particularly advantageous when the heating chamber communicates with the gap opening. This permits the heating fluid to flow through the gap opening and to sweep over the area of the spinning-capillary wall which is located in the vicinity of the discharge cross-section. The spinning-capillary wall can be heated up to the discharge cross-section in this way.
  • the heating fluid When the heating fluid is discharged from said gap opening at a suitable velocity, it can simultaneously serve as transport fluid. Hence, it will not be necessary to provide a separate transport fluid for stabilizing the spinning-dope jet.
  • the travelling length in the spinning capillary should be as long as possible.
  • the ratio of the spinning-capillary length to the spinning-capillary diameter should therefore be as large as possible.
  • the length of the spinning capillary can be at least 20 times to 150 times as long as the diameter of said spinning capillary.
  • the length taken into account in this ratio can be the length through which the spinning dope flows and/or the diameter can be the internal diameter of the spinning capillary.
  • the flow cross-section of the gap through which the fluid is discharged parallel to the spinning dope can be varied by means of a displaceable housing, e.g. displaceable wings, in accordance with a further advantageous embodiment.
  • the velocity of the fluid discharged from the gap can thus be varied depending on the respective spinning operation and the respective spinning jet velocity and thickness.
  • the spinning capillary can also be heated directly by means of an electric heating element surrounding said spinning capillary.
  • the spinning capillary can be implemented as a precision steel tube. It may also have a circular discharge opening.
  • the diameter of the discharge opening can be less than 500 ⁇ m, preferably less than 250 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter may also be in the range of less than 100 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m.
  • the spinning head can be installed in a spinning system with a pressure equalizing container containing a spinning dope with tertiary amine oxide, said spinning system comprising a spinning head by means of which the spinning dope can be spun so as to produce a spinning filament, and further comprising a spinning-dope conduit through which the spinning dope is conducted to a spinning head.
  • This spinning system then executes the method according to the present invention.
  • the present invention also relates to the product produced by the method according to the present invention, the spinning head according to the present invention or the spinning system according to the present invention; said product is characterized by an improved non-looping property and by a lower fibrillation tendency and it can have the form of a filament, a staple fibre, a spunbonded fabric or a film/sheet.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a spinning system
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the spinning head according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the spinning head according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the spinning head according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view
  • FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of a spinning head according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 1 A spinning system 1 by means of which the method according to the present invention is carried out is schematically shown in FIG. 1.
  • a spinning dope storage reservoir or reactor 2 contains a highly viscous spinning dope 3 including a tertiary amine oxide, e.g. a solution of cellulose, water and N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO).
  • a tertiary amine oxide e.g. a solution of cellulose, water and N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO).
  • the spinning dope is conveyed by means of a pump 4 from the spinning dope reservoir 2 through a spinning dope conduit 4 ′ and a pressure equalizing container 5 to a manifold/distributor block 6 .
  • the manifold block has connected thereto a large number of spinning capillaries 7 .
  • the manifold block 6 and the spinning capillaries 7 are part of a spinning head 8 .
  • the pressure equalizing container serves to equalize possible pressure and/or volumetric flow rate variations in the spinning dope conduit 4 ′ and to guarantee a uniform supply of spinning dope to the spinning head 8 .
  • Highly viscous spinning dope jets 9 are discharged, each at a high velocity, from the spinning head 8 . After having been discharged from the spinning head 8 , these spinning dope jets 9 flow through an air gap 10 or a non-precipitative medium. In this step, the spinning dope is accelerated and, consequently, drawn.
  • the spinning dope jets then enter a precipitation bath 11 or a bath comprising a non-solvent or an aqueous amine oxide solution. From said precipitation bath 11 , the spinning dope is drawn off in the form of a fibre by means of a drawing-off device 12 .
  • the spinning head 8 is secured to a frame 50 and insulated by a layer 52 of heat-insulating material so that no heat losses will occur when the spinning head is heated.
  • the spinning head 8 has a modular structural design comprising the manifold block 6 , a substantially disk- or plate-shaped pressure distributing plate 54 , a substantially disk- or plate-shaped spinning nozzle body 56 provided with a distributor space 56 a, at least one spinning capillary 7 and a holding device 60 .
  • the pressure distributing plate 54 of the spinning nozzle body 56 is held by means of said holding device 60 on the manifold block 6 in the direction of a central axis M of the spinning head.
  • the holding device 60 defines an annular or slot-shaped opening in which the pressure distributing plate 54 and the spinning nozzle body 56 are accommodated.
  • a shoulder 60 a is formed on one end of the annular opening, said shoulder engaging a complementary opening 60 b of the spinning nozzle body 56 .
  • the spinning nozzle body 56 rests via one of its end faces on the pressure distributing plate 54 essentially in full-area contact therewith.
  • a sealing element 62 is provided in the end face of said nozzle body 56 so that no spinning dope can escape between said pressure distributing plate 54 and said spinning nozzle body 56 .
  • the spinning capillary 7 is secured to the spinning nozzle body 56 .
  • the spinning capillary is implemented in the form of a tube having a circular cross-section and an internal diameter of less than 500 ⁇ m.
  • the internal diameter of the spinning capillaries 7 is constant over the whole length of said spinning capillaries.
  • the tubes used for the spinning capillaries 7 are precision steel tubes originating from the field of medical engineering whose internal diameter is less than 500 ⁇ m, partly also less than 250 ⁇ m. In particular for lyocell fibres, it would also be possible to provide an internal diameter of less than 100 ⁇ m down to less than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the spinning capillary 7 is thin-walled and has a maximum wall thickness of 200 ⁇ m.
  • the length of the spinning capillary is at least 20 times, preferably at least 150 times as long as the internal diameter. Tests have shown that the fibrillation tendency of the fibres decreases as the length/internal-diameter ratio of the spinning capillaries increases.
  • a multitude of spinning capillaries 7 is arranged on the spinning head 8 side by side or in a plurality of rows displaced relative to one another.
  • a plurality of the above-described spinning heads can be arranged in an arbitrary mode of arrangement so as to define an economical production unit.
  • Each nozzle body 56 comprises a plurality of spinning capillaries 7 arranged in one row or in several rows, in an elongate or annular configuration.
  • the distributor space 56 a is implemented as a V-groove in an elongate or annular shape, as a single groove or as a multi-row V-groove.
  • the pressure distributing plate 54 is located above the distributor space 56 a implemented as a V-groove.
  • the spinning capillary 7 is surrounded by an inner housing 66 and an outer housing 68 .
  • the inner housing 66 defines together with the outer surface 7 a of the spinning capillary a heating chamber 70 which is closed towards the outside and through which a heating fluid flows.
  • the inner housing 66 and the nozzle body 56 define a unit.
  • An outer housing 68 follows the unit consisting of the nozzle body 56 and of the inner housing 66 .
  • the spinning capillary 7 slightly projects beyond said inner housing 66 and said outer housing 68 .
  • the outer housing 68 surrounds the inner housing 66 and defines a further heating chamber 72 with the outer surface of said inner housing 66 ; in contrast to the heating chamber 70 , said heating chamber 72 is, however, open towards the outside.
  • the heating chamber 72 defines a gap 74 surrounding the end of the spinning capillary 7 which is arranged opposite the spinning head. A heating fluid flows through this heating chamber 72 as well, said heating fluid flowing out through the gap and substantially parallel to the central axis M.
  • the outer housing 68 is supported on the inner housing 66 such that it is displaceable in the direction of the central axis M.
  • the same kind of heating fluid can be used for both chambers 70 , 72 .
  • This heating fluid is a gas which is inert with respect to the spinning dope and which can be heated to 150° C., e.g. via a heat exchanger (not shown here).
  • different kinds of heating fluids can also be used for the chambers 70 , 72 .
  • the heating chamber 70 defines the heating device for the spinning capillary 7 .
  • the manifold block 6 and the holding device 60 are implemented as substantially massive blocks of great mass and they are provided with heating channels 76 , 78 , 80 for hot water, hot air, heat-transfer oil, vapour or, optionally, with rod-shaped heating elements. Due to the great mass of said manifold block 6 and of said holding device 60 and due to the thermal insulation, only minor variations will occur in the operating temperatures of said manifold block 6 and of said holding device 60 .
  • the spinning dope flows through the manifold block 6 via a supply line 82 , which is connected to the spinning dope supply via sealing means 83 , into a stabilizing chamber 84 provided with a perforated disk or plate 86 having flow openings 88 formed therein.
  • the stabilizing chamber 84 and the perforated disk 86 are formed by the pressure distributing plate 54 .
  • a filtration unit 90 is located in front of the perforated disk 86 when seen in the direction of flow.
  • the stabilizing chamber 84 , the perforated disk 86 and the filtration unit 90 extend over all the spinning capillaries 7 .
  • the flow cross-section of the stabilizing chamber 84 which is enlarged to a great extent in comparison with the supply line 82 , the flow velocity of the spinning dope is reduced and the flow is rendered more uniform.
  • the spinning dope additionally flows through the filtration unit 90 and the openings 88 of the pressure distributing plate 54 , whereby the flow and pressure profile will be rendered still more uniform across the flow cross-section and all capillaries 7 will be supplied uniformly.
  • the spinning dope flows in the spinning head 8 through the pressure distributing plate 54 and into the distributor space 56 a defined by the spinning nozzle body 56 .
  • the flow cross-section gradually decreases in the direction of flow. This has the effect that the spinning dope is accelerated and that the flow cross-section is also gradually reduced to the flow cross-section of the spinning capillaries 7 .
  • the distributor space 56 a is followed by the spinning capillaries 7 when seen in the direction of flow, said spinning capillaries 7 terminating in spinning-dope discharge openings 94 in said direction of flow.
  • the spinning dope is discharged from the spinning head through said spinning-dope discharge openings 94 at a high velocity and at a high mass flow rate, respectively.
  • a typical mass flow rate per spinning capillary is 0.03 to 0.5 g/min. Higher flow rates up to 1.5 g/min are possible in the case of higher heating temperatures of the spinning capillaries.
  • the pressure of the spinning dope can be up to 400 bar.
  • the heating channels 76 , 78 and 80 which have already been mentioned briefly hereinbefore, are provided in the manifold block 6 and in the holding device 60 .
  • the manifold-block heating channels 76 are arranged in the vicinity of the supply line 82 and maintain the spinning dope in said supply line 82 at operating temperature.
  • a heating fluid such as hot water, a heat-transfer oil or vapour, flows through the heating channels 76 .
  • the heating channel 78 is arranged in the area of the holding device 60 so far down that it will heat the distributor space 56 a already before the spinning material enters the capillary 7 .
  • a heating fluid such as hot air, hot water, a heat-transfer oil or vapour, also flows through the heating element 78 .
  • a second manifold-block heating element 80 may be provided, which is attached to the spinning head section located opposite the spinning-dope discharge opening 94 .
  • the manifold-block heating element 80 serves to heat the upstream part of the supply line 82 .
  • the heating channels 76 , 78 , 80 may be connected to a common heating circuit or they may define separate heating circuits.
  • the heating circuits of the heating channels 76 , 78 , 80 may also be connected to the heating chamber.
  • the fibrillation tendency is reduced by the fact that the spinning capillary 7 is heated from outside in the area of the discharge opening 94 . This is achieved in that the heating fluid in the heating chamber 70 flows around the outer surface of the spinning capillary 7 thus heating said spinning capillary 7 directly. Due to the fact that the spinning capillary 7 has thin walls and a large outer surface in view of its length, a high heat transfer takes place from the heating fluid via the spinning-capillary wall to the spinning dope. In order to achieve the best possible heating of the spinning-capillary wall, the contact surface between the heating fluid and the outer wall of the spinning capillary should be as large as possible.
  • the temperature of the heating fluid may also safely exceed the decomposition temperature of the spinning dope: due to the high velocity at which the spinning dope flows along the heated wall, the residence time of the spinning dope in the capillary will not be long enough for the spinning dope to reach the wall temperature of the capillary.
  • Velocity profile A comes into being a short distance behind the distributor space 56 a and is characterized by a narrow maximum in the area of the core flow close to the centre line M. Said velocity profile A drops steeply towards the walls of the spinning capillary 7 .
  • Velocity profile D shows schematically a velocity profile after the discharge of the spinning dope from the discharge opening 94 .
  • the inert fluid from chamber 72 and the spinning dope from the discharge opening 94 form together a broad jet.
  • the capillary length which is very long in comparison with the capillary diameter, and the direct heating of said capillary co-operate and result in an advantageous velocity profile.
  • An important aspect in this connection is that the temperature of the spinning-capillary wall is higher than the temperature of the core of the spinning-dope flow in the middle of the spinning capillary.
  • the temperature in the core of the spinning-dope flow through the capillary 7 corresponds approximately to the operating temperature of the manifold block 6 and of the holding device 60 with the pressure distributing plate 54 and the nozzle body 56 accommodated therein, said operating temperature being adjusted by the heating channels 76 , 78 , 80 .
  • the core flow remains uninfluenced and does not change its temperature.
  • the temperature of the spinning-capillary wall 7 can, moreover, be controlled precisely and with a fast response: due to the small mass of the spinning-capillary wall, the wall temperature will react immediately to temperature variations in the heating chamber 70 .
  • a control device (not shown) may be provided.
  • the control device is connected to sensors (not shown), which detect the temperature of the capillary wall and/or of the heating fluid in the heating chamber 70 , the flow velocity of the spinning dope through the capillaries and the operating pressure of the spinning dope.
  • sensors not shown
  • a closed-loop control circuit can be established by means of which the temperature of the wall can be adapted to varying operating conditions automatically or by control from outside. Hence, variations of the operating parameters can be compensated for without any deterioration of the spinning quality.
  • the heating fluid is conducted from the heating chamber 72 through the gap 74 past the outer wall of the spinning capillary 7 and out of the spinning head 8 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. This will guarantee that the spinning capillary is actually heated over its whole length and that the fuller flow profile developing over the length of the spinning capillary 7 cannot recede due to a colder wall at the end of the travelling length.
  • the fluid flows out of the gap 74 at a high velocity which corresponds at least to the velocity at which the spinning dope is discharged from the discharge opening 94 . It follows that the fluid also acts as a transport fluid which entrains and stabilizes the spinning-dope jet.
  • the fluid in the heating chamber 72 may be part of a closed-loop control circuit for the wall temperature of the spinning capillary 7 .
  • a large number of sensors for detecting the operating parameters of the spinning system as well as sensors for detecting the, temperature of the spinning-capillary wall and of the heating fluid may be provided, as has been described hereinbefore.
  • the signals of these sensors are supplied to a temperature controller by means of which the temperature of the heating fluid in the heating chamber 70 is controlled.
  • the temperature profile along the spinning capillary can be controlled even more precisely in the direction of flow of the spinning dope according to a further embodiment, especially in cases in which said capillary is very long.
  • Each of these chambers can be provided with separate sensors.
  • the second embodiment according to FIG. 3 substantially differs with respect to the structural design of the heating chamber 70 : the embodiment of FIG. 3 has in the area of the spinning capillaries only a single heating chamber 70 which extends up to the discharge opening 94 of the individual spinning capillary 7 and which defines the gap 74 .
  • Each spinning capillary 7 may have a heating chamber 70 of its own, but a plurality of spinning capillaries 7 may also be combined in one heating chamber 70 .
  • Neither a second chamber 72 nor a second housing 68 is provided.
  • the heating chamber 70 is provided with a tube 100 having a circular or oval shape which surrounds the outer surfaces of the spinning capillary and which defines an annular space 102 between the spinning capillary 7 and the housing 66 .
  • the annular space 102 opens as an annular gap 74 .
  • the heating fluid in the annular space 102 heats the whole outer wall of the spinning capillary 7 up to the discharge opening 94 .
  • the heating fluid is therefore part of a heating device which acts directly onto the spinning-capillary wall and which can be used for purposefully controlling the wall temperature.
  • the tube 100 is produced from a precision steel tube.
  • the heating fluid flows out of the annular space 102 parallel and coaxially to the spinning-dope jet discharged from spinning-dope discharge opening. This permits calm conducting of the spinning-dope jet.
  • FIG. 4 differs from the second embodiment insofar as the gap 74 defined by the housing 66 has not an annular but an elongate shape.
  • the housing 66 can be implemented in one part or it may have two wings 104 a, 104 b which are adapted to be displaced at right angles to the centre line M.
  • the width of the gap 74 can be adjusted by displacing the wings in the direction of the arrows shown in FIG. 4.
  • a heating chamber is no longer provided.
  • the spinning capillary is no longer heated via a heating fluid, but via an electric heating jacket 110 which is part of the heating device of the spinning head.
  • the heating jacket 110 may also be part of a closed-loop control circuit for controlling the temperature of the spinning-capillary wall; this type of closed-loop control circuit has been described hereinbefore.
  • the heating jacket may be subdivided into a plurality of independently operating heating-jacket segments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
US10/258,058 2000-04-20 2001-04-19 Method for spinning a spinning solution and spinning head Abandoned US20030155673A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10019660A DE10019660B4 (de) 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Verfahren zum Verspinnen einer Spinnlösung und Spinnkopf
DE10019660.8 2000-04-20

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US20030155673A1 true US20030155673A1 (en) 2003-08-21

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US (1) US20030155673A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1276922B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100500279B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1232682C (fr)
AT (1) ATE286160T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001262211A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0110432A (fr)
CA (1) CA2406765C (fr)
DE (2) DE10019660B4 (fr)
EA (1) EA003589B1 (fr)
MY (1) MY128277A (fr)
NO (1) NO321686B1 (fr)
TW (1) TW565632B (fr)
WO (1) WO2001081663A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200209329B (fr)

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US20060099416A1 (en) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-11 Hyosung Corporation Cellulose fiber for using as industrial materials
US20110024931A1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-02-03 List Holding Ag Method and device for the production of molded bodies
US9555558B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2017-01-31 List Holding Ag Process for producing a product
US10883196B2 (en) 2014-01-03 2021-01-05 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Cellulose fiber
CN114277452A (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-05 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 干喷湿纺法纺丝设备
US11414786B2 (en) * 2017-10-06 2022-08-16 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Cellulose filament process
US11519100B2 (en) * 2018-01-15 2022-12-06 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Reusing of lyocell-cellulose for lyocell-methods
US11866849B2 (en) * 2013-10-29 2024-01-09 Braskem America, Inc. System and method of dosing a polymer mixture with a first solvent, device, system and method of extracting solvent from at least one polymeric yarn, system and method of mechanical pre-recovery of at least one liquid in at least one polymeric yarn, and continuous system and method for producing at least one polymeric yarn

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DE10112050B4 (de) * 2001-03-14 2004-02-12 Thüringisches Institut für Textil- und Kunststoff-Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Cellulosefasern und Cellulosefilamentgarnen
DE10200405A1 (de) 2002-01-08 2002-08-01 Zimmer Ag Spinnvorrichtung und -verfahren mit Kühlbeblasung
DE10204381A1 (de) 2002-01-28 2003-08-07 Zimmer Ag Ergonomische Spinnanlage
DE10206089A1 (de) 2002-02-13 2002-08-14 Zimmer Ag Bersteinsatz
DE102004024030A1 (de) 2004-05-13 2005-12-08 Zimmer Ag Lyocell-Verfahren mit polymerisationsgradabhängiger Einstellung der Verarbeitungsdauer
DE102005040000B4 (de) * 2005-08-23 2010-04-01 Lenzing Ag Mehrfachspinndüsenanordnung und Verfahren mit Absaugung und Beblasung
CN100553662C (zh) * 2006-07-18 2009-10-28 中国人民解放军第二军医大学 一种抗肿瘤的中药组合物及其制备方法
CN103015082B (zh) * 2012-12-25 2014-08-13 西安建筑科技大学 一种纺丝头及利用其制备编织管/聚合物复合膜的方法
CN103938283A (zh) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-23 吕赛林 用于制造竹浆高溶功能纤维的喷丝板
CN105332064B (zh) * 2015-12-02 2018-01-12 苏州布舞佳乡纺织科技有限公司 一种用于纺织的纤维制造装置
CN108298498B (zh) * 2017-01-13 2019-12-10 北京赛特超润界面科技有限公司 一种弹簧导液浸润装置
CN112176430B (zh) * 2020-09-21 2021-08-27 浙江永宁药业股份有限公司 一种口罩熔喷布生产用恒温型喷头
DE102024001316A1 (de) * 2024-04-24 2025-10-30 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Verteilblock zum Einstellen einer Ablagebreite eines Spinnbalkens

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US5108675A (en) * 1982-05-28 1992-04-28 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for preparing easily dyeable polyethylene terephthalate fiber
US5264173A (en) * 1989-05-24 1993-11-23 Masatsugu Mochizuki Polyvinyl alcohol monofilament yarns and process for producing the same
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US5826978A (en) * 1994-08-10 1998-10-27 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for controlling pressure in a flowing viscous mass within a system for processing cellulose solutions
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060099416A1 (en) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-11 Hyosung Corporation Cellulose fiber for using as industrial materials
EP1657327A1 (fr) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-17 Hyosung Corporation Fibre de cellulose industrielle
US20070241477A1 (en) * 2004-11-11 2007-10-18 Hyosung Corporation Industrial cellulose fiber
US7713459B2 (en) 2004-11-11 2010-05-11 Hyosung Corporation Cellulose fiber for using as industrial materials
US20110024931A1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-02-03 List Holding Ag Method and device for the production of molded bodies
US9206528B2 (en) * 2008-02-08 2015-12-08 List Holding Ag Method and device for the production of molded bodies
US9555558B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2017-01-31 List Holding Ag Process for producing a product
US11866849B2 (en) * 2013-10-29 2024-01-09 Braskem America, Inc. System and method of dosing a polymer mixture with a first solvent, device, system and method of extracting solvent from at least one polymeric yarn, system and method of mechanical pre-recovery of at least one liquid in at least one polymeric yarn, and continuous system and method for producing at least one polymeric yarn
US20240026571A1 (en) * 2013-10-29 2024-01-25 Braskem America, Inc. System and method of dosing a polymer mixture with a first solvent, device, system and method of extracting solvent from at least one polymeric yarn, system and method of mechanical pre-recovery of at least one liquid in at least one polymeric yarn, and continuous system and method for producing at least one polymeric yarn
US12031234B2 (en) * 2013-10-29 2024-07-09 Braskem America, Inc. System and method of dosing a polymer mixture with a first solvent, device, system and method of extracting solvent from at least one polymeric yarn, system and method of mechanical pre-recovery of at least one liquid in at least one polymeric yarn, and continuous system and method for producing at least one polymeric yarn
US10883196B2 (en) 2014-01-03 2021-01-05 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Cellulose fiber
US11414786B2 (en) * 2017-10-06 2022-08-16 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Cellulose filament process
US11519100B2 (en) * 2018-01-15 2022-12-06 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Reusing of lyocell-cellulose for lyocell-methods
CN114277452A (zh) * 2022-01-26 2022-04-05 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 干喷湿纺法纺丝设备

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EP1276922A1 (fr) 2003-01-22
CN1232682C (zh) 2005-12-21
DE10019660B4 (de) 2004-04-29
BR0110432A (pt) 2003-02-11
EP1276922B2 (fr) 2008-07-09
CA2406765A1 (fr) 2002-10-18
EA200201118A1 (ru) 2003-02-27
CA2406765C (fr) 2007-01-09
WO2001081663A1 (fr) 2001-11-01
NO20025047D0 (no) 2002-10-21
CN1430684A (zh) 2003-07-16
TW565632B (en) 2003-12-11
KR20020093934A (ko) 2002-12-16
EA003589B1 (ru) 2003-06-26
MY128277A (en) 2007-01-31
WO2001081663A8 (fr) 2002-02-21
KR100500279B1 (ko) 2005-07-11
NO20025047L (no) 2002-12-04
NO321686B1 (no) 2006-06-19
ZA200209329B (en) 2004-02-16
ATE286160T1 (de) 2005-01-15
DE50104967D1 (de) 2005-02-03
AU2001262211A1 (en) 2001-11-07
DE10019660A1 (de) 2000-10-26
EP1276922B1 (fr) 2004-12-29

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