US20030140840A1

US20030140840A1 - Quay wall structure

Info

Publication number: US20030140840A1
Application number: US10/261,151
Authority: US
Inventors: Won-Hoi Yang
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-01-31
Filing date: 2002-09-30
Publication date: 2003-07-31
Also published as: CA2410324A1; KR200272975Y1; JP2003221815A; CN1435540A

Abstract

A gravity-type quay wall comprising a rubble base stage (3) extending from the sea bottom. A lower part (1 a) is constructed on the rubble base stage (3) by stacking cell block units (4) wherein each of the cell block units (4) have four walls defining a vacant space therein for filling with rubble (5). Two of the walls of the cell block units (4) are side walls (6,6 a), each having one of a female key (13) or a male key (14) for mating with adjacent cell block units (4). In an upper part of a top staged cell block unit (4 a) is a depressed portion (7). An L-shaped shelf-style middle part (1 b) is settled on a top surface of the rubble (5) of the lower part (1 a) wherein the rubble (5) is filled halfway in the depressed portion (7). An upper part (1 c) is settled on the middle part (1 b) with the same length and width thereof.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 2002-3117, filed on Jan. 31, 2002.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a quay wall structure used for embarking and disembarking, or loading and unloading a cargo alongside a pier.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In general, a quay wall is properly selected on the conditions of size of a ship to be anchored, port environment and conditions of the location. Gravity type quay walls, pile type quay walls, or landing pier type quay walls are selected based on these variables. For instance, when a ship weighing more than 700 ton, as a gross weight is to be anchored to the pier, caisson type or solid block type pier structure, which are generally taken as one of the gravity type pier, is used as the quay structure. Caisson type quay structure is superior in stability, however, it needs sufficient manufacturing space and large scale construction equipment for constructing the quay structure, whereas the solid block type quay structure is not limited in using construction equipment and manufacturing space, but it needs multi-stage stacking which has problems like differential settlement and non-precise execution and difficulties of correcting stacking error between the blocks.

There is prior art to the present invention, like Korean Patent Application No. 2001-0023403, entitled “quay wall in which ‘caisson type’ and ‘L-shelf-type’ are combined”, and the Korean Patent Application No. 2000-0016487, entitled “quay wall structure in which buffing equipment is prepared”, all in the name of the present inventor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGES

The present invention provides a gravity type quay wall structure comprising a lower part in which cell blocks are stacked, a middle part in which L-shaped shelf style breaking water structures are formed, and an upper part in which concrete caps with round projections are formed. Construction of the quay wall and positioning of the parts results in lower costs, safety, and reliability of the structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein: [0006]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a quay wall structure of the present invention; [0007]
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of line A-A′ illustrated in FIG. 1; and [0008]
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a cell block unit of the present invention.[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, a [0010] quay wall 1 is shown. The quay wall 1 comprises a rubble base stage 3 having a width and height extending from the sea bottom level 2 and cell block units 4 stacked one upon another on the rubble base stage 3. Each of the cell block units 4 have four walls defining a vacant space therein which provides communication with adjacent cell block units 4 therethrough up and down around an inner part of the four walls. The cell block units 4 are stacked to form a lower part 1 a.
In a [0011] left wall 6 or a right wall 6 a of the cell block units 4, a female key 13 or male key 14 are formed up and down thereon for mating engagement between adjacent cell block units 4 placed side by side. In the above cell block units 4, rubble 5 is filled. In the upper part of the left wall 6 or the right wall 6 a of a top staged cell block unit 4 a, a depressed part 7 depressed in the center of the top staged cell block unit 4 a is formed. When the filled rubble 5 reaches a half level of the depressed part 7, a middle part 1 b is upwardly settled thereon. This middle part 1 b comprises L-shaped shelf structures with compartments thereon, settled on the level of the rubble 5 of the lower part 1 a.
A length of a [0012] bottom surface 10 of the middle part 1 b is the same as that of the stacked cell block units 4 of the lower part 1 a and a width of the bottom surface 10 is smaller than that of the lower part 1 a. A height of the middle part 1 b may be designed by the environmental conditions. That is, the height of a front wall 11 of the middle part 1 b having the bottom surface 10, may be designed according to sea level conditions. A height of a back wall 12 which is spaced and parallel to the front wall 11 which faces the sea may be the same as that of the front wall 11.
The [0013] front wall 11 and back wall 12 are each vertically connected by side walls 15,16 on which a female key 13 a or male key 14 a are formed thereon. The front wall 11, back wall 12, and side walls 15,16 extend from the bottom surface 10 to define an upwardly opened compartment 17. In front of the front wall 11, is a fore projection wall 19 facing the sea. The fore projection wall 19 is formed from an upper level of the front wall 11 downwardly to a designated level position for breaking wave forces. Combining this fore projection wall 19 and the front wall 11 with side walls 20,21 defines a water cavity 18 of which the height may be smaller than that of the compartment 17, but the length and width are almost the same as the compartment 17.
The [0014] fore projection wall 19 is spaced from and parallel to the front wall 11. The side walls 20,21 perpendicularly connect ends of the fore projection wall 19 and the front wall 11. The water cavity 18 has an open upper portion and, is closed or covered by a concrete cap 30.
On the surface of the [0015] fore projection wall 19, semi-round projection parts 22 are formed in multiple rows, and a plurality of sea water holes 23 are defined between the semi-round projection parts 22. In a rear surface of the back wall 12, a number of support walls 24 (in the attached drawing, two support walls are shown), each having an inclined surface, are perpendicularly connected to the bottom surface 10 and to the back wall 12. In the inner space of the compartment 17, rubble 5 is filled. Thus, the middle part 1 b of the quay wall is completed.
An [0016] upper part 1 c of the quay wall 1 comprises the concrete cap 30 covering the water cavity 18 and the compartment 17. Hence, a bottom area of the concrete cap 30 is the same as an upper area defining the water cavity 18 and the compartment 17. In front of the concrete cap 30, a number of round projections 31 are forwardly formed. An earth facing concrete plate 32 is placed in back of the concrete cap 30, and is laid on a back surface of earth 33. Thus, the gravity-type quay wall structure 1 is completed.
A [0017] shutdown plate 34 prevents the rubble 5 from sweeping out of the lower part 1 a due to wave forces.
According to the improved gravity-type [0018] quay wall structure 1 of the present invention, improvement in construction, improvement in the function of absorbing wave shock, and economical advantages can be accomplished by combining various features of the upper part 1 c, middle part 1 b, and lower part 1 a of the quay wall.
In particular, the [0019] water cavity 18 and compartment 17 of the preferred embodiment have a function of shock absorption and buffering, due to absorption and buffering action of the rubble 5 filled in the compartment 17 of the middle part 1 b and filled in the cell block units 4 of the lower part 1 a.
Due to the features of the [0020] above structure 1, waves pass through the sea water holes 23, enter into the water cavity 18, and then easily spread and deflect, which causes the wave forces to be exhausted. Waves also crash on the projection parts 22 and are deflected and diffracted and rushed wave forces are absorbed and buffered in the water cavity 18. Stability of the quay wall 1 of the present invention is secure and the quay wall 1 is easily constructable.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. The invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described within the scope of the appended claims. [0021]

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A quay wall (1), comprising:

a rubble base stage (3);

a lower part (1 a) comprising cell block units (4) each having four walls defining a vacant space there between wherein two of said walls are side walls (6,6 a) and each side wall (6,6 a) includes one of a female key (13) and male key (14) thereon in a vertical direction, and each vacant space is filled with rubble (5), and in an upper part of a top staged cell block unit (4 a) on a left wall (6) or right wall (6 a) of said top staged cell block (4 a), is a depressed portion (7);

a middle part (1 b) settled on a top surface of said rubble (5) of said lower part (1 a) which halfway fills said depressed portion; and

an upper part (1 c) settled on said middle part (1 b) with the same length and width thereof.

2. A quay wall (1) according to claim 1, wherein said middle part (1 b) comprises:

a bottom surface (10);

a front wall (11) having a length being the same as said bottom surface (10) and having a width being smaller than that of said bottom surface (10);

a back wall (12) having a height being the same as to that of said front wall (11) from said bottom surface (10), said backwall (12) being spaced from said front wall (11);

side walls (15,16) having one of a female key (13 a) and a male key (14 a) formed thereon in a vertical direction, said side walls (15,16) being perpendicularly connected to said front wall (11) and said back wall (12) wherein said front wall (11), said backwall (12), and said side walls (15,16) define a compartment (17) in which rubble (5) is filled in the space thereof and wherein said upper part (1 c) is installed above said rubble (5) surrounded by said front wall (11), said back wall (12) and said side walls (15,16);

a water cavity (18) having a matching length and width with said compartment (17), which is formed by connecting a fore projection wall (19) in front of said front wall (11), and said front wall (11) with left and right side walls (20,21);

semi-round projection parts (22) placed in rows up and down on said fore projection wall (19), and a plurality of sea holes (23) defined between said semi-round projection parts (22); and

supporting walls (24) joining said bottom surface (10) and said back wall (12).

3. A quay wall (1) according to claim 1, wherein said upper part (1 c) comprises:

a concrete cap (30) having an area being the same as said water cavity (18) and compartment (17) and having a plurality of round projections (31) formed on a front of said concrete cap (30); and

a concrete plate (32) laid on a backward surface of earth (33).

4. A gravity-type quay wall (1) for absorbing wave forces and for positioning on a rubble base stage, said wall comprising:

a plurality of cell block units (4) in a stacked relationship to define a lower part (1 a), each of said cell block units (4) defining a vacant space therein for filling with rubble (5), one of said cell block units (4) being a top staged cell block unit (4 a) wherein said top staged cell block unit (4 a) is stacked above said other cell block units (4) and defines a depressed portion (7) therein;

a middle part (1 b) positioned above said lower part (1 a) such that said middle part (1 b) settles on the rubble (5) of said lower part (1 a) within said depressed portion (7), said middle part (1 b) including a bottom surface (10) and a front wall (11) and back wall (12) extending from said bottom surface (10), said back wall (12) being spaced from and parallel to said front wall (11);

side walls (15,16) perpendicularly extending from said bottom surface (10) and interconnecting said front wall (11) and said back wall (12);

a fore projection wall (19) spaced from and parallel to said front wall (11) wherein said front wall (11) is between said fore projection wall (19) and said back wall (12);

left and right side walls (20,21) interconnecting said fore projection wall (19) and said front wall (11);

said front wall (11), said back wall (12), and said side walls (15,16) defining a compartment (17) for filling with the rubble (5);

said fore projection wall (19), said front wall (11), and said left and right side walls (20,21) defining a water cavity (18);

projection parts (22) placed in rows on said fore projection wall (19) and said fore projection wall (19) defining a plurality of holes (23) between said projection parts (22);

a concrete cap (30) for covering said compartment (17) and said water cavity (18); and

a plurality of projections (31) formed on said concrete cap (30).

5. A quay wall (1) for absorbing wave forces and for positioning on a rubble base stage, said wall comprising:

a plurality of cell block units (4) in a stacked relationship to define a lower part (1 a), each of said cell block units (4) having four walls defining a vacant space therebetween for filling with rubble (5) wherein two of said four walls are side walls (6,6 a) and each of said side walls (6,6 a) include one of a female key (13) and male key (14) for mating with adjacent cell block units (4), one of said cell block units (4) being a top staged cell block unit (4 a) wherein said top staged cell block unit (4 a) is stacked above said other cell block units (4) and defines a depressed portion (7) therein;

a middle part (1 b) positioned above said lower part (1 a) such that said middle part (1 b) settles on the rubble (5) of said lower part (1 a), said middle part (1 b) including a bottom surface (10), a front wall (11) and a back wall (12) both extending from said bottom surface (10), side walls (15,16) extending from said bottom surface (10) and interconnecting said front wall (11) and said back wall (12), and a fore projection wall (19) in front of and spaced from said front wall (11) and interconnected to said front wall (11) by left and right side walls (20,21), said back wall (12) being spaced from said front wall (11) and said side walls (15,16) including one of a female key (13 a) and a male key (14 a) for mating with adjacent middle parts (1 b), said front wall (11), said back wall (12), and said side walls (15,16) define a compartment (17) for filling with the rubble (5) and said fore projection wall (19), said front wall (11), and said left and right side walls (20,21) define a water cavity (18);

semi-round projection parts (22) placed in rows on said fore projection wall (19) and said fore projection wall (19) defining a plurality of sea holes (23) between said semi-round projection parts (22);

supporting walls (24) joining said bottom surface (10) and said back wall (12).

a concrete cap (30) for covering said compartment (17) and said water cavity (18);

a plurality of round projections (31) formed on a front of said concrete cap (30).