US2082183A - Bed motion - Google Patents

Description

June 1, 193.7.. F. w. SEYBOLD BED MOTION '4 sheets-sheet 1 A Filed Sept. 2l, 1935 June 1, 1937. F.. sEYBoLD BED MOTION Filed sept. 21, 19:55 4 sheets-sheet 2` Junel, 1937. Fgw SEYBOLD 2,082,183

BED MOTION Filed Sept. 2l, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jung l, 1937. F. w. sEYBoLD BED MOTION Filed sept. 21, 1935 4 sheets-sneak;

Patented `une 1937 UNITED STATES BED MOTION Frederick W. Seybold, Westfield, N. J., assigner, by mesne assignments, to American Type Founders Company, Elizabeth, N. Jaa corporaltion of New Jersey Application September 21, 1935, Serial No. 41,607

25 Claims.

This invention relates to reciprocating bed motions or the like and more particularly to mechanism of this character especially adapted to be embodied in printing presses of the lat bed and r cylinder type.

It .is the principal object of this invention to provide a novel and improved reciprocating bed motion by means of which a bed may be oscillated in a complete cycle, the greater portion of lo the movement of the bed in one direction being at substantially constant speed, while in the other direction the bed has a continually varying velocity.

A further object of the invention is to provide 5 a bed motion for this purpose in which all of the bed driving gearing remains constantly in mesh, and in which no cams, gates, latches, locks or any intermittently operating reversing gear is employed. To attain this object, my invention in 20 its preferred embodiment contemplates the provision of a plurality of differently proportioned trains of mechanism including cranks, gears and sliding cross-heads which may be driven from a common source of power and which are adapted 5 to be continuously, positively, and operatively connected with said bed through means which is .adapted to compound the movements imparted by said trains and to transmit the resultant of these movements to the bed.

30 Another object of the present invention is the provision of a bed motion of this type, the stroke of which is longer than in the case of the stand-v ard 3: 1 bed motion, thus affording increased form roller coverage for a given cylinder diameter.

35 Still another object is to provide bed driving mechanism composed of parts which can be readily produced on standard machine tools at low cost.

Other objects and features of novelty will be apparent from the following specification when read drawings in which one embodiment of my invention is illustrated by way of example. The drawings also include figures representing graphically the development of the'theories underlying my invention.

In the drawings:

Figures 1-4 inclusive depict graphs illustrating the development of the desired velocity ratio curve of the reciprocating bed;

Figures 5 and 6 are diagrams showing the paths or orbits of certain crank pins which impart the two separate motions which are components of the resultant motion finally imparted to the bed;

Figure '7 is a view in side elevation, with certain parts broken away, of an illustrative model of a printing press of the bed and cylinder type to which the principles of my invention have been applied;

in connection with the accompanying Figure 8 is a view of the press in transverse vertical section taken on line 8--8 of Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a longitudinal Vertical sectional View taken on line 9-9 of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical sectional view taken on line lil-I0 of Figure 8;

Figure 11 is a similar view taken on line l I-I l of Figure 8;

Figures l2 and 13 are exploded perspective views of the main portions of the two trains of mechanism which develop the resolved motions; and

Figure 14 is a View in perspective of the travelling gear and its crank arms by means of which the two component motions are compounded and imparted to the reciprocating bed.

In the printing art, it has long been recognized as desirable, during the printing period of a press of the kind illustrated, When the reciprocating type bed and the rotary impression cylinder are in rolling Contact, that these members be moving at a uniform linear velocity so as to prevent marring the impression, and insure proper registry. Numerous expedients have been proposed to attain this condition of uniform speed, but these have for the most part depended upon a plurality of different driving mechanisms for alternately driving the bed during different portions of its printing and return strokes an-d also for reversing the bed at the ends of the strokes; or they have employed cam grooves or the like to give a substantially constant velocity to the type bed during printing.

According to the present invention, however, the train of mechanism comprising the driving transmission of the press is always in gear and exerting a positive force upon the bed, while at the same time elaborate cam and clutch mechanisms have been eliminated; it being possible to economically manufacture all parts comprising the bed motion on standard machine tools.

Areciprocating bed, actuated by a sliding crosshead or yoke driven by a simple crank arm, as in the case of the familiar Scotch yoke, would have a linear velocity which varies at every point, attaining a maximum at mid-stroke and amounting to zero at the points of reversal at the ends of the strokes. This movement is one of pure simple harmonic motion, the general velocity equation of .which Vb=wR. cos 0, where 0 is the angle the crank makes with the horizontal. The velocity ratio curve representing the relation of the velocity of the bed and the constant linear velocity of the crank pin is, of course, the familiar sinusoid illustrated in Figure 1 of the ydrawings, and is expressedin this case by the equation y=100 cos 0.

As has been explained, the problem is to flatten one of the loops of this velocity ratio curve so as to produce a constant speed during the period when printing takes place. The mechanical attainment of this desiredresult` by means of my invention can be briey explained as follows. The flattening of the loop of the simple harmonic velocity ratio curve which represents the printing stroke can be accomplished by the super-position of certain other simple harmonic motions upon the first motion represented by the curve in Figure 1. The velocity ratioequation representing these combined motions is then integrated so that the displacement equation of the bed movement may be obtained. ThisV displacement equation is then split into two separate equations which are recognizable as representing the displacement equations of hypotrochoids. A hypotrochoid being the path of apoint on the radius or radius produced of a, circle rolling inside of a xed circle, these orbits may b e obtained by means of a crank fastened to a pinion which meshes with and rolls within a xed internal gear, the pinion rotating on an arm which is preferably driven at a constant speed. In developing the resultant movement, each of the cranks is made to oscillatea sliding cross-head by means of a pin and slot connection, and the motions of these cross-heads, which are the projections of the hypotrochoidal movements of the crank pinv on ahorizontal line, may be added or compounded mechanically by means of a travelling gear, the axis' of which is connected with the cross-heads by means of rigid crank arms having pin and slot connections therewith. The travelling gear, of course, is adapted to roll on a xed rack and to mesh with a rack carried by the reciprocating bed, thus doubling the motion of the gear as applied to the bed. The proportionate dimensions vof the cranks and gears comprising the transmission thus described, in order to attain the constant velocity phase of the bed cycle, may be obtained from the equations. The development of these constructions" and their relative dimensions will now be setforth in detail.

In the graphs comprisingfFigures 174 inclusive, the crank angles are the abscissas and the velocity ratios in either direction are the ordinates andare graduatedI in plus and minus quantities upwardly and downwardly from the zero line, which, of course, indicates the point of change of direction of'movement. lIn Figure l, the simple harmonic curve I is represented by the equation y1=100 cos 0. In Figure 2 there is Shown a second simple harmonic curve II represented by the equation 312:@ cos,20. If these equations I and II be combined or added there is obtained the equation 111,2: cos @-l-a. cos 20 represented by the curve I, II in Figure 3. It will be noted that the velocity ratio curve of this combined harmonic motion shows a sharper loop at the beginning and a somewhat ilatter portion between the and 240 points of the cycle.

A third simple harmonic curve III is also shown in Figure 3 and may be expressed by the equation ya=b cos 30. When this third curve is superposed upon the curve I, II the resultant curve is as shown in Figure 4 in which the portion from 120 to 240 is for all practical purposes a straight line. The portion of the cycle containing this flat sectionor constant velocity ratio may be employed onv the printing stroke and the continuously Variable velocity ratio section represented by the first loop of the curve I, II, III may be employed von the return stroke.

The resulting equation represented by the curve I, II, III in Figure 4 is y1,2,3=100 cos H-l-a cos 20+b cos 30 in which the values a and b have been selected so that for values of 0 between 120 and 240 the velocity y1,2,a will remain constant and equal to approximately These values of a and b have been determined as being 46.5 and 10 respectively in order to give an approximately constant velocity between 120 and 240. The average value of y1,2,3 is 63.47. Substituting these values for a and b, the equation for the desired velocity ratio curve shown in Figure 4 becomes y1,2,3=1o0 cos @+465 cos 20+'1'o eos 3a 1) Now in order to determine the ratios of the physical dimensions of thel parts that will produce a bed motion having the properties of the resultant velocity ratio equation, the next step is to integrate the velocity ratio equation for 111,2,3 to obtain the displacement equation giving the value of the linear displacement s1,2,3. Thus sm: fioo cos (a4-46.5 cos 20+1o cos `sa (2) In order to reduce the size of the cranks and gears embodied in the bed motion so as to make the device practical for printing presses and the s1'23=100 sin 0+ 23.25 sin 20+? sin 30 like and still obtain a relatively long bed stroke, i

recourse is had to the well known multiplying or travelling gear. Therefore, the displacement of the latter is one-half that of the reciprocating bed, making the equation for the displacement of the travelling gear S,=`-2-"=5o sin 0+11.625 sin 20+ sin 30 (4) s1=f sin @+2325 sin 20 (5) and On these assumptions, the following two equations must be true: v

The partial Equations (5) and (6) will be recognized as being of the general lform:

s2=g sin @+150 sin 36 s=clc sin @+o sin (1n-1)@ (9) this equation expressing the ordinate of a hypotrochoid which, as has been already stated, is

the path generated by a crank pin fastened to a pinion which meshes with and rolls in a fixed internal gear, the pinion rotating on an arm which for these purposes is driven at a constant speed.

In Equation (9), v Y

in the `9the displacement of the cross-head of one of the transmissions,

c=the length of the crank on the pinion,

clc=the length of the crank arm on which the pinion rotates, i. e., the distance between centers of the pinion and internal gear,

m=the gear ratio between the internal gear and the pinion,

0=the angle of rotation of the pinion driving crank arm.

In order that each cross-head shall have travelled approximately the same distance when 0=66 1 or 293 59 the constants f and y are determined from Equations (5) and (6) as follows:-

Substituting the values for f and g in Equations (5) and (6) respectively,

s1=40 sin i-23.25 sin 26 (14) and 52:60 sin 0|10/3 sin 30 (15) Adding (14) and (15) gives s1,2,3= sin @+2325 sin 20|10/3 sin 30 (3) Equation (9) indicates that the gear ratio m for Equation (5) must be 3, and for Equation (6) the value of m equalsV 4, in order to give sin 20 and 30 respectively.

From Equations (4) and (8), we find that s, (the displacement of the travelling gear)=s1-s2 Therefore, the length of the crank which drives one of the cross-heads is -.SSIZS times the center distance between the pinion and the internal gear within which it rolls. In the other transmission the length of the crank which drives the cross-head is '--wOSSS times the center distance between this pinion and its associated internal gear.

The actual sizes of the internal gears and the pinions, and of the other elements comprising the transmission depend of course on the size of the sheet to be printed and form roller coverage that is desired, which determines the length of the press bed stroke.

With the hypotrochoid equations developed above and the values which have been obtained to t the requirements for producing the bed motion velocity ratio curve illustrated in Figure 4, the actual orbits of the crank pins which describe the hypotrochoidal paths may be reproduced graphically as in Figures 5 and 6. The rst transmission with its crank ratio of .58, as

developed inthe preceding paragraphs, and its gear ratio ofv 3:1, will yield a motion whose orbit is represented by the curtate hypotrochoid A1 in Figure 5.. The circle B1 represents the internal gear and the circle C1 represents the pinion whose crank arm is designated c1. The horizontal displacement of the crank pin D1 in this diagram is represented by s1, the angle made by the crank 'c1 with the center distance between the pinion and the internal gear being shown as 30.

The diagram of the motion developed bythe second transmission train is represented in Figure 6 in which the path of movement of the crank pin D2 is a prolate hypotrochoid shown at Az, the internal gear is indicated at Bz, the pinion at C2 and the crank arm at cz, the length of this last element being relatively small, the horizontal displacement of the crank pin being indicated at s2.

The actual mechanical details of the particular motions which have been referred to in connection with the developments just described, will now be referred to in connection with the appropriate constructional gures of the drawings.

For the sake of clearness, there has been illustrated in the drawings a model of a press embodying the principles of the invention in which numerous details which are not essential to the illustration of the development of the bedv motion are omitted. The press is of the flat bed, two revolution, constant speed cylinder ltype and is provided with a base I0 upon which are mounted the side frames I2 which are provided with suitable bearings for the axle I3 of the'impression cylinder I4. 'I'he reciprocating type bed is illustrated at I5 and is provided in the illustrative model with suitable guides I6 in the side frames I2. It will be realized, of course, that in a practical embodiment of the invention in an actual press the bed may be provided with the usual roller tracks and other refinements and accessories. A common drive shaft 20 having suitable bearings in the side frames is employed to drive both the bed and the impression cylinder and is itself adapted to be driven by a suitable motor. Upon the drive shaft are secured the pinions 2|, 22 and 23. 'Ihe pinion 2I mounted on an end of the drive shaft 2D exteriorly of one of the side frames I2 meshes with the gear 2t which is mounted upon the stud 25 and in turn meshes with the impression cylinder gear 26. The ratios of this train of gearing are selected so as to give a constant angular Velocity to the impression cylinder corresponding to the linear velocity of the bed during the printing stroke. able means are provided for raising rthe impression cylinder out of contact with the bed during non-printing periods.

The pinions 22 and 23 carried by the drive shaft 20 serve to effect the movements of the two transmission trains, which may for convenience be given the general designations L and M, and which develop the component motions which are combined and applied to the bed. The pinions 22 and 23 mesh with the large gears 28 and 3B which turn on the stub shafts 3l and 32 respectively, each making one revolution per cycle. Intermediate the side frames I2 there are provided longitudinally extending bed supporting frames 34 and 35 which are cut out to receive the stationary internal gears 36 and 3l respectively. The pitch circles of these internal gears 36 and 3l correspond with the circles B1 and B2 on the diagrams in Figures 5 and 6. The large gear 28 of the train Lis provided with a shaft 39 Of course, suitupon which a pinion 40 is rotatably mounted. The pinion 40 is adapted to mesh with the internal gear 36 and roll within the same, this pinion being indicated diagrammatically in Figure 5fat C1. As deduced mathematically, the gear ratio of the internal gear 36 and the pinion 40 is 3:1. In the transmission train M a similar shaft 4| is carried by the gear 3|! and provides an axle for the pinion 42 which rolls in mesh with the internal gear 31, the ratio between the two being 4:1. The pinion 42 is represented in Figure 6 by the circle C2. A crank disc 44 is rigidly secured to the pinion 40 and is provided with a crank pin 45 and the pinion 42 carries the crank disc 41 which is provided With the crank pin 48. The cranks 44 and 41 are represented in the diagrams in Figures 5 and 6 by the lines ci and c2 and the crank pins 45 and 48 are indicated at the points D1 and D2. By means of the trains of gearing which have just been described, the crank pins 45 and 48 are made to describe the hypotrochoidal orbits indicated at A1 and A2 in Figures 5 and 6.

Longitudinally slidable within grooves formed in the base U and the type bed |5 are the slotted cross-heads 50 and 5|. These cross-heads or slides are shown very clearly in elevation in Figures 10 and 11 respectively of the drawings. The cross-head 50 is provided with a horizontally extending slot 53 which permits the passage of the drive shaft 2U without hindrance during the sliding movements of the cross-head. A vertical slot 55 is alsocut in the cross-head 50 within which the squared block 55 is adapted to reciprocate, this block being rotatably carried by the crank pin 45 duringpits complex movement. It will thus be seen that the cross-head 50 is reciprocated longitudinally `through a cycle of movement which is the projection of the hypotrochoidal movement of the crank pin 45 upon a horizontal line parallel with the bed l5. Similarly the cross-head 5| is provided with a clearance slot 51 for the drive shaft 20 and a vertical slot 58 for receiving the block 60 carried by the crank pin 48 of the transmission M, and the motion of the slide 5| is the projection of the hypotrochoidal movement of the crank pin 43 upon the horizontal.

In order to compound these projected hypotrochoidal movements developed by the transmission trains L and Mrand impressed on the slides 58 and 5|, the following mechanism is provided, which is designated generally by the reference character N. (See particularly Figure 14.) Upon a centrally located support 62 there is provided a stationary rack 63. Upon the underside of the bed I5 there is provided a bed driving rack G4. Arranged so as to roll upon the stationary rack 83 is the travelling gear 55 which also meshes with the bed rack 84, thus multiplying its longitudinal movement as applied to the bed. The travelling gear 65 is provided with an axle 66 upon which it is rotatably mounted and which carries at its respective ends the blocks 61 and 88 which are respectively adapted to slide in the horizontal slots B9 and 180i the slides 50 and 5|. Rigidly secured to the axle 55 are the oppositely extending crank arms 14 and 15 having crank pins 16 and 11 respectively upon which are rotatably carried blocks 18 and 19. The block 18 is guided within the vertical slot 86 formed in the cross-head 50 and the block 19 within the slot 8| formed in the cross-head 5|. It will thus be seen that the complex reciprocating movements of each of the cross-heads 58 and 5| are transmitted through their respective crank arms 14 and y15 .to `the axle of the'travelling gear 65 and are thus compounded and applied through the gear (i5-andthe racks63 and 64 to the bed.

It will be readily'seen from the foregoing descriptions that there is vprovided by this invention a reciprocating bed movement which may be driven from a constantly rotating source such as the drive shaft 20 and transmission mechanisrn interposed between this source of power and the bed which comprises the trains L and M each of which develops a motion which corresponds to the lpartial Equations (5) and (6) set forth in the earlier portion of the present specication, and which also comprises lthe motion compounding mechanism N which receives the two component motions and combines them to obtain a motion, the displacement equation of whichis Equation (3) as set forth above. This motion is imparted to the bed by the `travelling gear and the constant velocity requirements of the printing stroke thereof are satisfied in accordance with the graph in Figure 4 of the drawings.

It might be observed also that in this construction the length of the bed stroke is 3.390 times the diameter of the impression cylinder as compared to the ratio of 2.761 obtained with a conventional 3:1 bed movement. The present embodiment, as already pointed out, is also distinguished by the feature of continuous gearing engagement and employs no auxiliary driving mechanisms, locks, gates, cams or latches;

The invention may be embodied in bed motions which differ somewhat insofar as the design and arrangement of their functioning parts are concerned, but each such embodiment includes at least two operating parts or portions thereof which are caused to move along cyclic paths, which paths are dissimilar in character, while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, and which comprise portions of the bed driving means. These parts are designated driving elements in ,claims appended hereto, and where it is stated that the elements move without retracementit lis meant that they move continuously in one direction along their respective closed orbits andnever` retrace their paths during any single cycle of movement.

It will be further understood that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiment illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the drawings, and described herein, without departing from the scope of the invention as dened by the following claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured :by Letters Patent is: Y v

1. A bed movement of the type in which the bed during its working and return stroke is reciprocated in a plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a plurality of movable driving elements, means forY moving said elements respectively, without retracement along dissimilar cyclic paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, said means receiving motion from both of said elementsland transmitting to the bed a motion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant `speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction.

2, A bed movement of ,thevtype in which theV bed during lits, working and return` stroke is reciprooated in its own plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of two movable driving elements, means for moving said elements respectively, without retracement along dissimilar cyclic paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, said paths lying in parallel planes which are normal to the plane of Said bed, and means maintaining a constant operative connectionbetween said elements and the bed, said means receiving motion from both oi said elements and transmitting to the bed a motion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially Aconstant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction.

3. A bed movement of the type in which the bedV during its working and return stroke is reciprooated in a plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a plurality of movable driving elements, means for moving said elements respectively, without retracement along dissimilar cyclic paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and thev bed, said means receiving-motion from both of saidv elements and transmitting-to the bed a motion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction, said last named means comprising aplurality of sliding crossheads, each of which is respeotivelyjdriven by one of said driving elements, and means for operatively connecting said crossheads to said bed.

4. A bed movement of the type in which the bed during its Yworking and return stroke is reciprocated'irnma plane, comprising the combination with the lbed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a plurality of movable driving elem-ents, means for moving said elements respectively, without retracement along dissimilar cyclic paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, said means receiving motion from both of said elements and transmitting to the b-ed a motion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction, saidjlast named means comprising a plurality of sliding crossheads, Aeach of which is respectively driven byI oneof said driving elements, and a travelling geardriven by both of said sliding crosshea'ds and meshing with a rack on said bed.

5. A bed movement of the type in which the bed during itsv working' and return stroke is reciprocated in a planeQc'cmprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a plurality oi movable driving elements', rne'ans'ror moving said elements respectively, without retracement along dissimilar cyclic paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, said means receiving motion from both oi said elements and transmitting to the bed amotion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move'at substantially constant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction, said` last named means comprising a, common member guided for-reciprocationin the' same direction as that ofv said bed, driving connections between said elements and said member, and means for operatively connecting said member to i said bed.

6. A bed movementfof the .type in which the bed duringv itsworking and return stroke is reciprocated ina plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means'. for supporting the same for planar movement, of. a plurality of movable driving elements, means forA moving-said elements respctivelmwithout retracement along dissimilar cyclicI paths` whileY maintaining. constant phase relationship therebetween, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, `saidmeans receiving motion from both of saidelements and transmitting to thebed a motion which is the resultant oi the motions vof said elements,whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction,- said last named' means comprising a common member tiltable about a center of rotation which is guided for` reciprocation in the same direction as that of 'said bed,connections between said elements `and points on said'mernber spaced from said center of rotation, andmeans for operatively connecting said member to said bed.

7. A bed'movement of the type in which the bed duringits working and return stroke is reciprocated in a plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, 'of a plurality of movable driving elements, means for moving said elements respectively', without retracementalong dissimilar cyclicvl paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, and means ymaintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, said means receiving mo-v tion from both of 'said elements and transmitting to the bed a motion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant speed during the major' portion of its movement in one direction,vv said ,last named means comprising a common member which comprises a lever arm having an axle thereon, connections between said elements and 'spaced points on said lever arm, a travelling gear rotatably mounted on said axle and meshing with a rack on said bed.

8.`A bed movement of the-type in which the bed during its working and return stroke is reciprocated in a plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a plurality of movable driving elements, means for moving said elements respectively, without retracement along dissimilarl cyclic paths while maintaining constant 'phase relationship therebetween, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, lsaid means receiving motion from both of said elements andtransmitting to the bed a motion which is the resultant of the motion of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction, said last named means comprising a stationary rack, a rack on said bed, a travelling gear adapted to roll on said stationary rack and mesh with said bed rack, and means for operatively connectingV each of said driving elements with said gear.

9. A bed movement of the type in which the y bed during its working and return stroke is reciprocated in a plane, comprising the `combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a pluralityxof movable driving elements, means for moving said elements respectively, without retracement along.

dissimilar cyclic paths While maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, each of said paths being hypotrochoids, and means main-- taining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, said means receiving,

motionfrom both of said elements and transmitting to the bed a motion which is the resultant of the motions of said elements, whereby the bed is caused to move at substantially constant speed during the major portion of its movement in one direction.

10. A bed movement of the type in which the I bed during its working and return stroke is reciprocated in a plane, comprising the combination with the bed and means for supporting the same for planar movement, of a plurality of movable driving elements, means for movingsaid elements respectively, without retracementl along dissimilar cyclic paths while maintaining constant phase relationship therebetween, one of' said paths being a prolate hypotrochoid andthe other a curtate hyprotrochoid, and means maintaining a constant operative connection between said elements and the bed, said means receiving motion from both of said elements and transmitting to the bed a motion which is the resultant velocity of the bed to the velocity of the cori-l stantly rotatably driving element, and =the angle of movement of said element.

12. A bed movement as set forth in claim 1,r

in which the resultant movement of the bed is compounded of three simple harmonic motions, said motions being described respectively bythe following sinusoidal equations: y1=100 cose; y2: 46.5 cos and :113:10 cos 30. l

`13. A reciprocating bed movement comprising -4 a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a rack ori-said, bed, a stationary rack, a travelling gear adapted i to roll on said last named rack and mesh with said bed rack, a plurality of sliding-cross-heads operatively connected with said gear, and a. separate train of gearing operatively connected withl each of said cross-heads and adapted to impart motions to said cross-heads which are compounded and the resultant motion imparted to said bed through said gear.

14. A reciprocating bed movement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a rack on said` bed, a stationary rack, a travelling gear adapted,

to roll on said last named rack and mesh with said bed rack, a pair of sliding cross-heads, a

,lever carrying an axle for said travelling gear,

and projecting studs at spaced points thereon, each of said studs being slidably received in a slot in one of said cross-heads and means for driving each of said cross-heads.

`15. A reciprocating bed movement comprising."v a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a rack on said bed, a stationary rack, a travelling gear adapted to roll on said last named rack and mesh with said bed rack, a pair of sliding cross-heads, a

lever carrying an axle for said travelling gear;

and projecting studs at spaced points thereon,v

each of said studs being slidably received in a slot in one of said cross-heads, and separate means for imparting different movements to each of said cross-heads.

16.A reciprocating bed movement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a rack on said bed,=a stationary rack, a travelling gear adapted to roll on said last named rack and mesh with said bed rack, a pair of sliding cross-heads, a lever carrying an axle for said travelling gear, and projecting studs at spaced points thereon, each of said studs being slidably received in a slot in one of said cross-heads, crank pins respec- Y tively slidable in other slots in said cross-heads, and separate trains of gearing for moving said crank pins.

17. A reciprocating bed vmovement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a pair of trains of mechanism each comprising a crank arm or its equivalent and each rotated at the same angular velocity, a crank pin thereon, a pinion on said crank pin, a fixed internal gear with which said pinion meshes and Within which it rolls, another crank rigid With said pinion and having a crank pin thereon, said trains having different gear and crank arm ratios, means for oper'- atively connecting the last named crank pins of each train with said bed for imparting theretol a motion which is a resultant of the combined motions of said last named crank pins.

18. A reciprocating bed movement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a pair of trains of mechanism each comprising a crank arm or its equivalent and each rotated at the same angular velocity, a crank pin thereon, a pinion on said crank pin, a fixed internal gear with which said pinion meshes and Within'which it rolls, an-

other crank rigid with said pinion and having acrank pin thereon, said trains having different gear and crank arm ratios, means for operatively connecting the last named crank pins of each train with said bed for imparting thereto a motion which is a resultant of the combined motions of said last named crank pins, the gear ratios of the internal gears and the pinions in the case of onev train being 3:1 and the other 4:1, and the respective ratios of the last named cranks to the first named crank arms being approximately .58 and .055.

19. A reciprocating bed movement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, a plurality of trains of mechanism each comprising a crank arm or its equivalent rotated at a constant angular velocity, a crank pin thereon, a. pinion on said crank pin, an internal gear with which said pinion meshes and within which it rolls, another crank rigid with'said pinion and having a crank pin thereon, a plurality of sliding cross-heads driven by said last named cranks, each having a slot therein within which one of said last named crank pins is adapted to slide duringitsmovement, a rack on said bed, a fixed rack, and a travelling gear adapted to roll upon said xed rack and mesh with said bed rack, an axle upon which said travelling gear turns, a plurality of arms extending from said axle and each adapted to be driven by one of said sliding cross-heads through crank pins on said arms which are adapted to work in other slots in said cross-heads.

20. In a reciprocating bed movement, the combination with a rectilinearly reciprocating bed of a main driving member for actuating said bed movement and adapted tol rotate at a constant angular velocity, transmission mechanism opera.-

tively interposed between said member and said bed and adapted to impart to said bed a rectilinear cyclic motion, a substantial portion of which is uniform, said transmission mechanism comprising a plurality of driving elements, means driven by said main driving member to respectively move each of said elements in a separate hypotrochoidal orbit which is symmetrical about its diameter which lies in a plane which is transverse to said bed, a plurality of members adapted to reciprocate in directions parallel to that of the movement of said bed, driving connections between saiol reciprocating members and said driving elements respectively for giving said reciprocating members rectilinear cyclic motions which are represented by the projections of said hypotrochoidal orbits upon their diameters which are parallel to the plane of movement of said bed; and means for combining the motions of said last named members and transmitting the resultant to said bed.

2l.. In a reciprocating bed movement, the combination with a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, of a main driving member for actuating said bed movement and adapted to rotate at a constant angular velocity, transmission mechanism operatively interposed between said member and said bed and adapted to impart to said bed a rectilinear cyclic motion, at least one-third of the complete cycle of which is uniform, said transmission mechanism comprising two driving elements, means driven by said main driving member to respectively move each of said elements in a separate'hypotrochoidal orbit which is symmetrica] about its diameter which lies in a plane which is transverse to said bed, two members adapted to reciprocate in directions parallel to that of the movement of said bed, driving connections between said reciprocating members and said driving elements respectively for giving said reciprocating members rectilinear cyclic motions which are represented by the projections of said hypotrochoidal orbits upon their diameters which are parallel to the plane of movement of said bed; and means for combining the motions of said last named members and transmitting the resultant to said bed, one of said orbits being a prolate hypotrochoid and the other a curtate hypotrochoid.

22. In a reciprocating bed movement, the combination with a rectilinearly reciprocating bed, oi a main driving member for actuating said bed movement and adapted to rotate at a constant angular velocity, transmission, mechanism operatively interposed between said member and said bed and adapted to impart tol said bed a rectilinear cyclic motion, at least one-third of the complete cycle of which is uniform, said transmission mechanism comprising a gear train, a driven element of which has an orbit which is a hypotrochoid which is symmetrical about its diameter which lies in a plane transverse to said bed, a second gear train having a driven element the orbit of which is a. hypotrochoid of diiTerent characteristics but also symmetrical about its diameter which lies in a plane transverse to said bed; a member reciprocated by said first named element in a straight line path parallel with the direction of movement of said bed in a cycle ofY movement which is the projection of the movement of said rst named element along its hypotrochoidal orbit upon said straight line, a second member reciprocated in a straight line path parallel to said first named path and having a cycle of movement which is the projection of the movement of said second named element upon the second straight line path, and means for combining the motions of said members and imparting the resultant to said bed.

23. A reciprocating bed movement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed; a plurality of trains of mechanism each comprising a crank arm or its equivalent driven at a uniform angular velocity, a. pinion rotatably carried on said crank arm, an internal gear, said pinion meshing with and adapted to roll within said internal gear, a crank pin rigidly carried by said pinion; means for driving said rst named crank; means for operatively connecting the crank pins of each train of mechanism with said bed and for imparting to the latter a motion which is the resultant o1" the combined motions of said trains.

24. A reciprocating bed movement comprising a a rectilinearly reciprocating bed; two trains of mechanism each comprising a crank arm or its equivalent driven at a uniform angular velocity, a pinion rotatably carried on said crank arm, an internal gear concentrically disposed with relation to the center of rotation of said crank arm, said pinion meshing with and adapted to roll within said internal gear, a crank pin rigidly carried by said pinion; the crank pin of one of said trains being disposed at a point upon the radius of its pinion, and the crank pin of the other train disposed at a point on the extended radius of its pinion; means for driving said first named crank; means for operatively connecting the crank pins of each train of mechanism with said bed and for imparting to the latter a motion which is the resultant of the combined motions of said trains.

25. A reciprocating bed movement comprising a rectilinearly reciprocating bed; two trains of mechanism each comprising a crank arm or its equivalent driven at a uniform angular velocity, a pinion rotatably carried on said crank arm, an internal gear conc-entrically disposed with relation to the center of rotation of said crank arm, said pinion meshing with and adapted to roll within said internal gear, a crank pin rigidly carried by said pinion; the crank pin of one of said trains being disposed at a point upon the radius of its pinion, and the crank pin of the other train disposed at a point on the radius extended.l of its pinion; means for driving said first named crank; means for operatively connecting the crank pins of each train of mechanism with said bed and for imparting to the latter a motion which is the resultant of the combined motions of said trains; said last named means comprising a rack carried by said bed, a stationary rack spaced from and parallel to said bed rack, a travelling gear adapted to roll upon said stationary rack and mesh with said bed rack; a pair of sliding crossheads operatively connected With said travelling gear, and means for respectively driving said crossl'i-eads from said crank pins.

FREDERICK W. SE'YBOLD.

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