US1134961A - Mechanical movement. - Google Patents

Description

F. H. RICHARDS.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

7 APPLICATION HLED AUG.29 1901. RENEWED JAN. 20. 1909.-

1, 1 34,96 1 Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

HEBTS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS 60.. PHOTa-L!THO., wAsHlNGmN. D C

F. H. RICHARDS.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

7 APPLICATION FILED AUG-29, 1901. 1,134,961.

RENEWED JAN. 20, I909.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

Z BHEETSSHEET 2 QUA- 8 mm WM THE NORRIS PETERS C0, PHOTG-LITHCL. WASHINGTON.

ECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August as, 1901, Serial No. 73,639. nenewea January 20, 1909. ,Serial No. 473,293.

To all whom it may concern:

Be 'it known that I, FRANCIS a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanical Movement, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates primarily to differential crank movements of the class made the subject-matter of my refiled application, Serial No. 71,159, filed August 17, 1901, in which two bearings, revolving about dissident axes, may, by means of a member which is articulated to both of said revolving members, and which is preferably in the form of an eccentric or other cam, impart irregular or uneven movement to another machine part; and it further relates to means for imparting, diversified irregular movements to a plurality of machine parts,

as set forth in my other pending application, Serial No. 29,749, filed September 12, 1900; and also to means for imparting to a cooperative member, at each revolution of a primary driver, two long reciprocal strokes and an intermediate contracted reciproca tion, as set forth in my other pending application, Serial No. 72,099, filed Aug. 15, 1901.

She of the prime objects of the present invention is to substitute, for the circular movement of at least one of the two primary revolvin members of a differential crank an uneven orbital movement; and especially to alternately lift and, depress the axis of one of the revolving crank-arms, so that the crank-pin thereon may describe a prolate orbit, preferably elliptical; whereby an operative member, preferably rigid with said crank-arm, may be caused simultaneously to revolve and reciprocate in a direction trans crank-arm and said transmission or delive-ry 1 bearing. Other objects will hereinafter appear.

H. Brennan s,

PatentedApr. 6,1915.

The specific form of the invention herein described is selected for the purpose of affording a clear illustration, and is not presented asthe only form in which the invention be applied. a f I In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an end elevation, Fig. 2 is a side elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan of the preferred form: of a mechanical movement embodying-my present improvements. Fig. 4 is a diagram in which are plotted the successive periods or steps in the movements of the several members in the train of mechanism, and in which is also drawn an irregular curve which de-; notes the resultant of the cooperative movements of the severalmembers of said train. Fig. 5 1s a perspective view ofa differential crank and a rocker frame whereon one of the primary members thereof is mounted. Fig. (3 is an enlarged diagram illustrating the relative initial positions of the several movement centers, and is explanatory of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 shows a form in which one portion of my improvements may bev applied, another portion thereof being omitted.

In the several views, similar letters or mimerals of reference designate corresponding parts.

A shaft'i20, uniformly rotated by a pulley i 21, is journaled in a standard 22 andcarries a crank 23; and a shaft24,c'arrying a cranlr' 25, is journaled upon a support hereinafter described in detail, and'is out of line with the Shaft a b g'p1aced' I tandem, or end-to-end,' and said cranks being mounted upon the-adjacent ends-there of. From the free end of -the crank 23 there projects a lateral bearing-pin 28, which, for convenience, willhereinafterbe referred to as the primary driver. The crank 23 is coupled to the crank 25'by a device which is inserted between them and which preferably consists of a disk-like contrivance 30, having perforations for engaging both the journal 28 and a ournal 29 provided upon the free end of the crank or arm25. Oneof thefunctions of the linking member or coupler is to operate as an ordinary drag-link," whereby when the arm 28 is revolved'the 5 arm 25 is caused to follow, or vice-versay and, although susceptibleof wide variation in its construction and method of mounting.

said coupler is preferably made in the form I of a biaxial eccentric-cam; that is, a circuv.lar disk or the like used as'a cam and hav ing its two movement axes each eccentric to its center of figure or periphery. Owing to its being conjointly carried by the variously revolving members 28 and 29, said eccentric-cam is given uneven movement, which may be transmitted by any suitable means, such as pitman 33, to any machine part whose movements are required to have irregularities. Thus the coupler is provided with at least three pivotal bearings, whereof two connect it to the revolving cranks and hence enable it to act as a drag-link, and whereof another forms the effective or movement-transmission portion of 'the coupler and enables it either to impart an uneven movement to a suitable transmitter, or to receive movement therefrom, as the case may be. Moreover, the crank 25, in my present improvements, forms another effective or movement-transmitting portion of the differential crank, .and is preferably adapted to operate an instrument which cotiperates with an instrument operated by the other effective portion 30 of the differential crank.

It being one of the main objects of the present improvements to impart a reciprocatory lateral movement to the revolving shaft 24, this is preferably journaled in a rocking-frame which is clearly depicted at Fig.

5, and may consist principally of two parallel forwardly-extending rocker- arms 34 and 35, in whose forward ends said shaft 24 is journaled, and also of an offset integral forwardly-extending arm 36. The arms 34 and 35 are rigidly connected by a rockshaft 37, which is parallel with the revolving shaft 24, and is journaled in a standard 38, both of said standards 22 and 38 being erected upon a bed 39; and said offset arm 36 is preferably provided with a gudgeon 40 in line with the rockshaft 37 and engaging a third standard 41, erected upon the bed. The arm 35 is connected with the remainder of the rocking frame by means of a bar 42, which is disposed in rear of the coupler 30, the latter working between the arms 35 and 36. By means of the rocking-frame, said revolving-shaft 24 may be lifted or depressed, thereby effecting an independent movement of the disk 30 about its axis 28, and consequently modifying the movement of the transmitter 29, and hence of any effective member driven thereby. Such lateral movement of the shaft 24 may also affect the operation of any instrument carried thereon or driven thereby. Any suitable means may be employed for reciprocating the frame, but. preferably the arm 36 is provided at its forward end with a fork 43, which bestrides a small eccentric 44 fixed upon the drivingshaft 20, whereby the frame is lifted and depressed once in each revolution of said shaft, whereby the driven shaft 24 is caused to reciprocate laterally about the axis 37, and the bearing 29 is caused to revolve through an uneven orbit, the degree of unevenness depending upon the eccentricity of the bearing 44. Preferably said orbit is elliptical, as indicated by the dotted curve 29 at Fig. 4.

' At Fig. 4 the circle 28 describes the path of the driving-pin 28, while the dotted line 'A shows the direction or plane in which motion is transmitted through the coupler from the driver to the follower, and hence symbolizes the longitudinal axis of the draglink. It will be borne in mind that the several members 28, 29, and 30 have a fixed relation to one another, so that as the parts 28 and 29 revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow, the central point or center figure of the bearing 30 is caused to move in or trace the orbit 30 the transmitter con nected thereto being actuated accordingly, together with a rocker-arm or other part 33*, to which said transmitter may also be connected. The circle 28 is divided, for convenience, into 16 equal intervals or time periods; while the orbit 30 is divided into corresponding periods which are similarly numbered; whereby, when the driving-pin 28 stands at any of the points 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., on the circle 28, the bearing 30 stands at a point on the orbit 30 which is marked with the same number. Owing to the varying angles which line A assumes at different times with reference to the two cranks (indi cated by the radial lines 23 and 25), the center 30 is caused to oscillate upon both of the revolving bearings 28 and 29, the gymtion of said line A being caused partly by the diversity in the revolving movements of the arms 23 and 25, and partly by the independent lateral reciprocation of the shaft 24.

It will be perceived that the bearing 30 is not only caused to describe an irregular orbit, but is also sometimes accelerated and at other times is retarded in speed; thus, when the driver 28 is moving from point 1 to point 7 on the circle 28, or making considerably less than half of a revolution, the center 30 moves from 1 to 7 on the orbit 30, or substantially from the bottom to the top thereof, so that the transmitter 33 and the arm 33 connected thereto are given approximately a full up-stroke, the first portion thereof being executed at higher velocity than the last portion. While the driver is moving from 7 to 10,'taking half of the time required for the full up-stroke of the pit man 33, the center 30 moves across and down from 7 to 10 on the orbit 30. This orbit, it will be observed, is cordiform, and this portion of the movement is at the indented or cusp portion of the orbit, and the pitman 33 is so disposed that at this portion of the orbital movement it is given a contracted or curtate downward stroke. During the next eighth of a revolution of the primary driver, the center 30 moves out of the incurved porlVhile the primary driver is making-the last i five-sixteenths of its revolution, the centerr the movements of several parts driven by" tion of the orbit, from 10 to 12, thereby giving the pitman 33 a curtate up-stroke, which portien of its orbit, its velocity is very low.

30 makes substantially ;a"full down-stroke, from 12 to 1, the first portion of said stroke being at lower speed than the, last portion thereof. Atthe upper'portion of Fig. 4

the bearing 30 are also plotted and numbered; This irregularlty or unevenness 1n the movement of the transmitter 33, as compared to that obtained by means of the ordinary crank oreccentric, may be turnedto a variety of uses, as, for instance, in the opchine movements of this variety by means of irregularly-shaped ca1ns,-which are difficult to construct and are more or lessonoisy and unsatisfactory in operatlon, as Well as otherwise objectionable; whereas, by this in vention, the movement 'may be effected by meansof easily-made, smooth-running and durable circular or pivotal bearings. The

invention is not, however, limited to the use of circular delivery hearings in allcases. It will be perceived, therefore, that a uniform and. regular movement may beconverted directly into an uneven orbital movemerit, the bearing or eccentric 30 being caused to trace its orbit by reason of the compound movement which it derives partly from the circdaily-revolving crankpin 28 and partly from the elliptically-revolving crank-pin 29. lhe movement of the hearing 30 is partlydue to the position occupied by its own center of figurewith rela {j v I ther comparison of the var1ous=l1nes at 831d,

tionito both of said pins. It will alsobe' observed at Fig. 4 that the crankpin 29 re volves at variable angular speed in the elliptical orbit 29?. For instance, while" the driver 28 is making one-half of a revolution,

the follower 29 moves through less than half of the ellipse 29 or from 1 to the last portion of this movement being at lower velocity than the first port on thereof; and

while the driver 28 is completing its revolution, SEUClfO'llO'WIQl 29 makes more than half of itsrevolution, from 9 to 1, itsvelocity during certain periods of th1s' movement being considerably greater thanduring other portions. v

The diversely driven members 29 and 30 may be caused to cocpera'te in various ways, one of which is illustrated in; the drawings. The arm 83*, operated by'the pitmanj3'3,

may be connected'by arock-sha'ft 4:5, mqunted in a boss'projecting"from a vertically. extended portion 88, of the standard'38;

and a rock-arm 46 upon said shaft may be connected'by a link 4:7 to a vertically slidpencil or other pointed tool L9, the latter .be-

1 ing device 48, carryingat its lower end a" ing'preferablyadapted to trace a line upon the vertical face of adisk-50, mounted upon I the opposite end of the crank-shaft 24 from i the crank 25." This disk symbolizes a workholder or controller, and may hence be considered as a revolving .instru'ment;-and it will be understood that thisinstrument may beoth'erwise formed and mounted and may perform other functions with relation to the 1 work than that illustrated; as for'instance,

itmay carry a pencil, and the work may be s mounted either upon the slide' l8,'or-0therwise.

, At each, revolution of the driving-shaft 20, each member ofthe'setof devices driven by the bearing 30, makes a complete cycle of-movements, while the disk 50;--ijs given the crank 25 an unevenly-timed complete revolution, and is simultaneously given by the'eccentric 44,, through the rocking-frame, an upa nd-down reciprocation, An irregular curve is thus" generated by the pencil 49 upon the work carried upon the disk' 50,

oor'diform curve 4L9 ,although other curves may .be'produced by varying the'mechanism. Thedivisions 1 to 16 upon said resultant 'curve 49 correspond with the similarly-- 4:9 and 50 are extremely variable; for inwhich 'curve isjin the-form of an" oblate stance, while the primary driver is-making onef0nrth of a revolution, from1l6 to 4:, the

pencil 4c9 is nea'rlystationary, whilethe follower 29 makes somewhat less than onefourthof a revolution, and the rocker-frame (indicated at 35,-Fig. 4;) makes about onethird' of'its down-stroke; and upon the furfigure, other variations will be perceived. Thus,"by reciprocating the support of the strument carried uponor connected to the crank shaft 24.

Referring now to' Fig. 7, will be seen that the-'members 28 and-29 are positively connected'by a simple drag-link -A, which is'in this instance not provided with a third bearing, although the position of the ec-' centric-cam 30 is indicated by a dotted line The parts operated by said cam are also omitted,'the mechanism being used only for the purpose of moving theinstrument 50 or 50 in a particular manner.

I intend in certain of'the following claims tocover cer tainfeatures illustrated at Fig. 7 whether employed independently of" the remaining features of the invention or not.-

Changes of course may be made within the scope of the invention, and some parts of my improvements may be employed without some others. Some of the following claims are limited to the specific form of the vinvention herein illustrated; while others thereof are intended to cover the invention broadly when it is practised in other ways or with other accessories.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination of two revoluble members positively connected by a linking member having a motion compounded of an angular and a translational motion; supports for said revoluble members; means for reciprocating one of'said supports in such a manner as to cause the member mounted thereon to revolve in an elliptical orbit; and a transmission-bearing provided upon said linking member and movable in a prolate cordiform orbit.

2. The combination of a driving shaft having a fixed axis; an offset shaft placed tandem to said driving-shaft; arms mounted upon the adjacent ends of said shafts; an angularly and translationally movable linking member inserted between said arms and journaled thereon, and provided witha pivotal transmission member eccentric to both of its journals; and means controlled by said driving-shaft for reciprocating the driven shaft automatically in a lateral direction.

3. The combination of two horizontal shafts provided with crank-arms; an angularly and translationally movable coupler journaled upon said arms, and provided with a dissident pivotal transmission-bearing; a hinged device whereon one of said shafts is mounted; and an eccentric-cam rigid with one of said shafts and actuating said hinged device.

4. A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one moves about a laterally reciprocating axis which is always eccentric to the axis of revolution of the other member; and also comprising a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled at its eccentric axes upon said revoluble members and linking them together. 7

5. A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one turns about a laterally swinging axis, and a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled at its eccentric axes upon said revoluble members and linking them together.

, 6. A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one revolves upon an axis which a lateral reciprocal movement once in each revolution of the other member; and also comprising a biaxial eccentric-cam articulated to said revoluble members.

7. The combination of a device revoluble about a fixed axis; a device revoluble about a laterally movable axis; a biaxial eccentriccam j ournaled at its eccentric axes upon said revoluble devices; means positively connected to said first revoluble device for imparting a lateral reciprocation to said movable axis; and a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentric-cam.

8. The combination of two revoluble members linked together by a biaxial eccentric-cam; supports for said revoluble members; means for reciprocating one of said supports in such a manner as to cause a member mounted thereon to revolve in an elliptical orbit; and a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentric-cam.

9. The combination with two devices revoluble upon parallel axes, of a biaxial eccentricecam linking them together; automatically operating means for effecting a lateral reciprocation of one of said revoluble devices about a third parallel axis; and an endwise-movable transmitter engaging said eccentric-cam.

10. The combination of the two revoluble devices placed side by side; a biaxial eccentric-cam inserted between said revoluble devices and journaled thereon at its eccentric axes; automatically reciprocating means for causing one of said revoluble devices to move in a distorted orbit; and a movementtransmitter engaging said eccentric-cam.

11. The combination of two revoluble shafts; arms mounted thereon; a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled upon said arms; means actuated by one of said shafts for producing a relative lateral reciprocal movement between said shafts; and a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentriccam.

12. The combination of a driving-shaft having a fixed axis; an offset shaft placed tandem to said driving-shaft; arms mounted upon the adjacent ends of said shafts; a biaxial eccentric-cam inserted between said arms and journaled thereon; means controlled by said driving-shaft for reciprocating the driven shaft in a lateral direction; and a pitman mounted upon said eccentriccam.

13. The combination of a device revoluble upon a fixed support; a revoluble device mounted upon a hinged support; a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled upon said devices; means positively connected to one of said revoluble devices for'swinging said support to and fro upon its hinge; and a pitman mounted upon said eccentric-cam.

14. The combination with two shafts, of supports therefor; arms carried upon adjacent ends of said shafts; a biaxial eccentriccam journaled upon the ends of said arms a device upon which oneof said supports 1s hinged; means for enabling one of said shafts to swing said hinged support to and fro; and a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentrlc-cam.

15. The combination of two revoluble members, a biaxial eccentric'cam journaled upon said members, a stationary support for one of said revoluble members, a hinged support for the other of said revoluble members means including a cam for automati-' cally swinging said hinged support to and fro, and a movement-transmitter engaging said biaxial eccentric-cam.

16. The combination of two horizontal shafts provided with crank-arms; an angularly and translationally movable biaxial eccentric-cam coupling said arms; a hinged device whereon one of said shafts is mounted; a vsingle eccentric-cam rigid with one of said shafts and connected to said hinged support; and a movement-transmitter engaging said-biaxial eccentric-cam. I 17. A differential crank comprising two journaled revoluble constraining members,

whereof one moves about a laterally recipaxis; and also comprising a member guided by and articulated to said revoluble members and gyrated thereby in such a manner that a transmission-bearing carried upon said articulated member is caused to move in a cordiform orbit.

19. The combination with two devices revoluble upon parallel axes, of a linking member journaled upon said devices and provided with a pivotal transmission-bearing; automatically operating means for eflecting a lateral reciprocation of one of said revoluble devices about a third parallel axis; the construction and arrangement of the several members being such that said transmissionbearing is caused to move in a cordiform orbit; and a movement-transmitter engaging said transmission-bearing and driven thereby in a direction which approximately agrees with adiametrical line which bisects the cusp portion of said orbit.

20. The combination with two revoluble shafts, of arms mounted thereon; a linking member journaled upon said arms and'carrying a' dissident transmission -bearing; means actuated by one of said shafts for producing a'relative lateral reciprocal movement of one of said shafts; the construction and arrangement of the several parts being such that said transmission-bearing is caused to move in a cordiform orbit; and an endwise-movable transmitter engaging said transmission-bearing and given thereby four reciprocal, strokes-at each orbital revolution thereof: I r

21. {The combination'of a device revoluble upon a fixed support; a revoluble device mounted upon a hinged support; a coupler journaled upon said-devices and provided with a dissident pivotal transmission-bearing which is caused by said revoluble devices to move in a cordiform orbit; means positively connected to one of said revoluble devices for swinging said support to and fro upon its hinge; and a pitman mounted upon said transmission-bearing and given thereby two long reciprocal strokes and a curtate reclprocation at the terminatlon of one of said long strokes.

22. The combination with two shafts, of

supports therefor;arms carried upon adjacent ends of said shafts; a linking member ournaled upon the ends of saidarms and provided with a delivery bearing which is eccentric to its journals; a device upon I whichone of said supports is hinged; means .for enabling one of said-shafts to swing said hinged support to and fro; the-construction and arrangement of the several-parts being such. that said delivery bearing. is causedto move in a cordiform orbit; and a pitman mounted upon said delivery bearing and driven thereby in a direction which approxi mately agrees with a diametricalline which bisects the cusp portion of. said orbit. I

231A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one'moves about a laterally reciprocating axis, and also'a-biaxial 'eccentrlc-cam ournaled at itsieccentrlc axes upon said revolving members and caused thereby. to move in a cordiform orbit; in combination with a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentric-cam.

24:. A differential crank comprising two revolving members, whereof one turns about a laterally swinging axis, and also comprising a biaxial eccentric-cam 'j'ournaled at its eccentricaxes upon said revolving members; in combination with an endwise-movable movement-transmitter engaging said eccentrio-cam. j s v V 25. The combination of a device revoluble about a fixed axis; a device revoluble about a laterally movable axis; a'biaxial e'ccentric- '1 I cam journaled at its eccentric axes upon said revoluble devices; means positively connected to said first revoluble device for imparting alateral' reciprocation to said movable "axis; the construction and arrangement of theseveral parts being such that said eccentrio-cam is caused to move in acordiform;

orbit;- and a pitman mounted upon, said eccentric-cam. 26; The combination of two revoluble members linked together by a biaxial eccentrio-cam; supports for said revoluble members; means for reciprocating one of said supports in such a manner as to cause the 'member mounted thereon to revolve in an elliptical orbit, and said eccentric-cam to move in a prolate cordiforni orbit; and a pitman mounted upon said eccentric-cam and given thereby four reciprocal strokes at each revolution thereof.

27. The combination of two devices revoe luble upon parallel axes, of a biaxial eccentric-cam linking them together; automatically operating means for effecting a lateral reciprocation of one of said revoluble devices about a third parallel axis; the construction and arrangement of the several parts being such that said eccentric-cam is caused to move in a cordiform orbit; and a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentrio-cam and given thereby two long reciprocal strokes and a curtate reciprocation at the termination of one of said long strokes.

28. The combination of a uniformly re volving driver; a variably revolving instrument having a single-link connection to said driver said link-connection having a motion compounded of an angular and a translational motion; a hinged support for said instrument; and means positively connected to said driver for reciprocating said support upon its hinge; the axis of revolution of said instrument being constantly eccentric to the axis of revolution of said driven 29. A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one moves about a laterally reciprocating axis which is always eccentric to the axis of revolution of the other member; and also a linking member journaled upon said revoluble members and provided with a dissident delivery bearing; in combination with a sliding pointed instrument positively connected to said delivery bearing.

30. A differential crank comprising two members revoluble upon horizontal axes, one of said axes executing an up-and-down movement once in each revolution, and also comprising a delivery drag link member conjointly carried by said two revoluble members; in combination with a vertically sliding member positively connected to said delivery member and given thereby irregularly-timed reciprocal movements.

31. The combination of a driver revoluble about a fixed axis; a follower revoluble about a laterally movable axis; a drag-link journaled upon said revoluble devices and provided with a dissident delivery bearing; means for enabling said driver to impart a lateral reciprocation to said follower; an instrument rigid with said follower; and a cooperative instrument actuated, by said delivery bearing.

32. The combination of a revoluble driver;

a'revoluble instrument; means, including a linking member, for connecting sald 1nstrument to said driver; a support for said to move in a prolate cordiform orbit; and a cooperative instrument operated by said delivery bearing.

33. The combination of a revoluble driver; an instrument revoluble upon an axis which is parallel with the driver axis; means, including a linking member, for connecting said instrument to said driver; a delivery bearing provided upon said linking member and moving in an uneven orbit; automatically reciprocating means for efiecting a lateral reciprocation of said instrument about a third parallel axis; and a cooperative instrument positively connected to said delivery bearing.

34. The combination of a revoluble driver; a revoluble shaft carrying an arm; a linking member journaled upon said driver and said arm and provided with a dissident delivery bearing; an instrument mounted upon the opposite end of said shaft; means controlled by said driver for producing a lateral move ment of said shaft; and a cooperative instrument actuated by said delivery bearing.

35. The combination of a driving-shaft having a fixed axis; an offset shaft placed tandem to said driving-shaft; arms mounted upon the adjacent ends of said shaft; a linking member inserted between said arms and journaled thereon and provided with a delivery bearing which is eccentric to both of its journals; means controlled by said driving-shaft for reciprocating the driven shaft in a lateral direction; an instrument mounted upon the opposite end of said driven shaft so as to revolve and reciprocate therewith; and a cooperative instrument reciprocated by said delivery bearing.

36. A differential crank comprising two revolving members, whereof one is a driver and the other revolves upon an axis which executes a lateral reciprocal movement once in each revolution, and also comprising a biaxial eccentric-cam articulated to said revolving members; in combination with an instrument rigid with said laterally reciprocating member, and a cooperative sliding instrument connected to said biaxial eccentric-cam.

37. The combination of a driver revoluble about a fixed axis; a driven member revoluble about a laterally movable axis; a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled at its eccentric axes upon said revoluble devices; means positively connected to said driver for imparting a lateral reciprocation to said driven member; an instrument rigid with said driven member; a movement-transmitter engaging ;'said eccentric-cam; and acooperating .in-

strument driven by said movement-transmitter.

38. The combination of two members, revoluble upon horizontal axes and linked together by a biaxial eccentric-cam; supports for said revoluble members; means for reciprocating one of said supports in an upand-down direction in such a manner as to cause the member mounted thereon toirevolve in a elliptical orbit; an instrument rigid with said elliptically moving member; a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentric-cam; and a vertically sliding tool operated by said movement-transmitter.

39. The combination with a driver anda follower revoluble upon parallel axes, of a biaxial eccentric-cam linking them together;

' automatically operating means for effecting a reciprocation of said follower about a third parallel axis; an instrument rigidwith said follower; an endwise-movable transmitter engaging said eccentric-cam; and a cooperative instrument connected bya rockshaft to said transmitter.

40. The combination of a drivingsh aft; a driven shaft; armsmounted upon said shafts; a biaxial eccentric-cam mounted upon said arms; means actuated by one of said shafts for reciprocating said driven shaft in a lateral direction; an instrument mounted upon the endof sa-id driven shaft; a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentriccam; and a cooperative reciprocatory instrument connected to said movementtransmitter.

, 41. The combination of driver revoluble-upon a fixed support; a"follower mounted upon a hingedsupport; ,a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled upon said driver and follower; means positively connected to one ,of said driver and follower elements for causing said follower support to swing to and fro upon its hinge; a pitman mounted upon said eccentric-cam; a sliding pointed instrument connected by a rock-shaft to said pitman; and a cooperative instrument operated by said follower, I 42. The combination with a driving-shaft and :a driven shaft, of supports, for said shafts; arms carried'upon the adjacent ends of said shafts; a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled upon the ends of said arms; a

' device upon whichthe support for said driven shaft'is hinged; meansfor enabling one of saidshafts to swing said hinged support to and fro; an'instrument mounted upon said driven shaft; a movement-transmitter engaging saideccentric-cam; and an instrument reciprocated by said eccentric toward and from theaxis ,of said driven- Shaft. i r

43. The combination of a revoluble driver; a revoluble'follower; a b axial eccentric-cam journaled upon said driver and a members;

,which 1s glven two long rec procal strokes follower; 1 a hinged supportfor said follower; means for automatically swinging said hinged support to and fro; an instru ment mounted to revolve and swing with said follower; and a cooperative instru- I ment sliding vertically towardand fromthe axis of said followera a 4A. The combination of a driving-crank;

a shaft upon which is mounted a followercrank; a biaxial .eccentridcam coupling vsaid cranks; a hinged device whereonsaid follower-shaft is mounted; a cam connected .to said driver for causinglsaid hinged device to swing --up and down; a pitman mounted upon said biaxial eccentr1c-cam; and a vertically sl1d1ng pointed instrument connected by a rock-shaft to said pitman i and workingapproximately ina line which ;is radial to the aXis of said follower-shaft.

45. A differential crank comprising a revoluble member, a member revoluble in anunevenly curved orbit,'and also a linking member articulated to said revoluble members, said l nking member having a clrcular o transmission-bearing whichv is eccentric to its articulations upon said revoluble mem Jbers, and which isalso caused by said rev- .oluble members to move' n a cordlform orbit;"in combination with ,an instrument rigid wlth the second of sald, revoluble and a cooperative instrument and a curtate intermediate reciprocation said transmission-beari 46. A difierentialcrank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one moves about a laterally reciprocating axis, and also a linking member journaled upon said revoluble members and provided with a dissident transmission-bearing which is caused by said revoluble members to move in a cordiform orbit; in combination with an instrument given a four-stroke reciprocal by said transmission-bearing two long re ciprocal strokes and an intermediate curtate reciprocation.

48. The combination of tworevoluble de vices placed side'by side; a linking member inserted betWeenisaid revoluble, devices and journaled uponbothgthereofland providedwith an eccentric pivotal transmission-b'earing; automatic ally reciprocating means for causing one of said revoluble devices to move in a distorted orbit; the construction and arrangement of the several parts being such that said' transmissionbearing is caused to move in a cordiform orbit; a movement-transmitter engaging said transmission-bearing and given therebytwo long reciprocal strokes and a curtate reciprocation at the termination of one of said long strokes; a sliding pointed in strument actuated by said movement-transmitter; and a cooperative instrument actuated directly by the revoluble device which moves in a distorted orbit.

49'. The combination with two revoluble shafts, of arms mounted thereon; a linking member journaled upon said arms, and carryi-ng' a dissident transmission-bearing; means actuated by one of saidshafts for producing a relative lateral reciprocal movement of one of said shafts; the construction and arrangement of the several parts being such that said transmissionbearing is caused to move in a cordifor'm orbit; an endwise-movable transmitter engaging said transmission-bearing and given thereby four reciprocal strokes at each orbital revolution thereof; a tool controlled by said transmitter; and a cooperating instrument mounted upon said laterally-reciprocating shaft.

50. The combination of a device revoluble upon a fixed support; a revoluble device mounted upon a hinged support; a coupler journaled upon s'aiddevices' and-provided With a dissident pivotal transmission-bearing which is caused by said revoluble devices to move in a cordiform' orbit; means positively connected to one of said revoluble devices for swinging said support to and fro upon its hinge; a pitman mounted upon said transmission-bearing and given thereby two long reciprocal strokes and a curtate reciprocation at the termination of one of said long strokes; an instrument rigid with the revoluble device which is mounted upon said hinged support; and an instrument caused by said cam to reciprocate toward and from the axis of revolution of: said instrument.

51. A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one moves about a laterally-reciprocating axis, and also a biaxial eccentric-cam journaled at its eccentric axes upon said revolving members and caused thereby to move in a cordiform orbit; in combination with a niovementtransmitter engaging said eccentric-cam; an instrument rigid with a member which revolves upon the up-and-down reciprocating aXis; and a vertically sliding tool-holder arranged above said instrument and connected to said eccentric-cam; the axes of movement of all of said elements being horizontal.

52. The combination of a horizontal driving-shaft; a horizontal followingshaft placed tandem thereto but out of line there- With; arms upon the adjacent ends of said shafts; a biaxial eccentric-cam linking said arms together; a horizontally hinged support for said follower-shaft; means for enabling said drivingshaft to swing said hinged support in an up-and-down direction; an instrument mounted upon the op posite end of said follower-shaft; a pitman mounted upon said eccentric-cam; a rockshaft connected by an arm to said pitman; and a vertically sliding tool arranged over said follower instrument and connected by a link and an arm to said rock-shaft.

53'. The" combination of a horizontal drivingshaft; a horizontal followingshaft placed tandem thereto but out of line there with; arms upon the adjacent ends of said shafts; a biaxial eccentric-cam linking said arms together; a horizontally hinged frame upon which said follower-shaft is journaled; a cam fixed upon said driving-shaft and forked by a member provided upon said hinged frame; a work controller mounted upon the opposite end of said followershaft; an upwardly-extending pitman mounted upon said eccentric-cam; a horizontal rockshaft to which the upper end of said pitman is connected; a vertically sliding holder arranged over said Work-controller and connected by a link and an arm to said horizontal rock-shaft; and a pointed instrument carried by said holder.

54. The combination with two devices revoluble upon parallel axes, of a biaxial eccentric-cam linking said devices together; automatically-operating means for effecting a lateral reciprocation of one of said revoluble devices about a third parallel axis; the construction and arrangement of the several parts being such that said eccentric-cam is caused to move in a codiform orbit; a movement-transmitter engaging said eccentriccam and given therebytwo long reciprocal strokes and a curtate reciprocation at the termination of one of said long strokes; a pointed tool operated by said movementtransmitter; and aninstrument rigidly con nected to the revoluble device which is reciprocated about said third axis.

55. The combination with a bed, of a horizontal shaft having a support thereon; a parallel shaft driven thereby; a hinged support for said driven shaft; means for antomatically reciprocating said hinged support; an instrument mounted upon said driven shaft; arms mounted upon the adjacent ends of said shafts; a coupler conjointly carried by said arms, and provided with a dissident delivery bearing; a vertical slide positively connected to said delivery bearing; and a device erected upon said bed for supporting said slide.

' 56. The combination of a driving-shaft 20; following-shaft 24; arms 34 and 35 the adjacent ends of the shafts 20 and 2a,

and a member linking together said arms 23 and 25.

57 The combination of two revoluble members positively connected, a fixed support for one of said members, an irregularly rocking support for the other of said members, whereby changes may be effected in the relative positions of the respective aXes of revolution of said members, and a vertically reciprocating pointed tool non-uniformly driven by a member which links said shafts together.

58. The combination with two positively connected devices revoluble in vertical planes, of a horizontally-disposed bearing Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

for one of said devices, a horizontallyhinged support for the other of said devices,

means for lmparting once in each revolution a non-uniformly-timed reciprocal movement to said hinged support, and a vertically sliding tool connected by a horizontal rockshaft to a member which links said revoluble devices together. a

59. A differential crank comprising two revoluble members, whereof one moves about a non-uniformly reciprocating axis which is always eccentric to the axis of rev- Washington, D. 0.

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