US1973334A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 11, 1934 1,973,334" GAS BURNER John E.A Cunningham, El Paso, Tex., assigner to Peeler-Hansen Stove and Foundry Company,

El Paso, Tex.

" Application'lune 6, `1933, Serial =No. 674,594.1

6 claims.` (ci, 15s-408) t This invention relates in general to a gas burner and more particularly to a burner designed'to promote complete combustion of all combustible materials contained in or making up any gaseous fuels.

In the past, it has for gaseous fuels to either supply the air by force at a point immediately adjacent the gas outlet, or to admix the gas with air prior to combustion.

10 Both of these methods have beenv foundto be unsatisfactory in that first of all they are in'eiiiu cient since they do not cause a complete combustion of all the combustible materials contained in the gas. Secondly, there is no way of controlling the exact amount of air to be used. in the com-` bustion because of the fact that combustion as a rule takes place in the open air and thus makes use partly of cold air from the atmosphere and partly of the air supplied to it as just set forth.

It is an object of this invention to. provide a gas burner in which the air supplied forr the purpose of combustion may be positively controlled according to the requirements of the particular gaseous fuel being used. Also, it is an object Ythat this air shall be supplied to the burner in heated form, a part of the air being first supplied as a primary air supply to causercombustion and expansion of the carbon or like contentof the gases while at the same time furnishing heat vfor heating the secondary air and for raising the hydrogen content of thegases to the ignition point of hydrogen. y

It is an object of this invention that the gas and both the primary and the secondary air shall be released in a primary expansion chamber where primary expansion of the gas takes place. It is an object that part of the gas outlet orice's shall be arranged to direct the expanding gasagainst a refractory wall provided for the purpose and' that 40 the` secondary air shall be injected into the primary expansion chamber in such a directionas to cut down the velocity of the primary expansion or combustion of gas and prevent a too rapid pri,- mary expansion.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following `descrip.- tion taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, it being distinctly understood that'the same are by way of illustration and example'only 5,0 and 'are not to be taken as in any way limiting the spirit or scope of this invention. The spirit and scope of this invention is'to be limited only by the accompanying claims taken in connection with the prior art. f l

55' Referring now more particularly to the drawbeen customarylin burners ing vin which like numeralsindicate correspond ing parts throughout: j

Figure 1 is a vertical cross section of a burner constructed in accordance withthis invention.

FigureZ is a bottom plan view of the device illustratedin Figure 1. Figure 3 is a rear view of the same construction. Figure 4 is a section taken along the line 44 of ligi'ireZ.,l j

Figure 5 is a view partly broken away illustrating a portionfof the primary air heater.

In accordance. with this invention, the same PAT151W;- oFF-ics i l u' consists in general of a gas distributor l, a p rimary air heater 5, a secondary air heater 2, an air control valve 3, and a primary expansion chamber 21.

Y The gas distributor 1 consists of a hollow block resting on a support 13 which in turn is supported jby the bottom support plate or base plate 10. Gas is supplied to the distributor 1 by means of the gas manifold fl which is secured to the bottom of the distributor by means of screws 14 extending through holes 25. The end 39 vof the manifold 4 is positioned to register with the opening 40 provided in the gas distributor, whereby gas may pass from the end to the'gas distributor block l. As illustrated, the gas manifold 4 is supplied by means of a gas supply pipe 11v having its end 31 connected to the manifold inlet 38. The gas distributor is provided on its upper surface with a pair of orifice bossesA 28a and 23h respectively through which are formed orifices `2li@ and 24h at various intervals, `these forming theloutlet oriiice'sfor the gas. It is to be noted at this point'that while the oriiices 24h 'open in' a substantially vertical direction, the oriicesj24a' are disposed at aninclination so as to be directed away fromthe secondaryV air heater 2.

'The primary heater 5 consists of a bottom plate 1`9formingfa`n integral part of the distributor blockv l and extending laterally and at a slight inclinationupwardly therefrom to a point adjacent the rear wall 9 of the burner. This rear wall 9 is held in place by means of bolts 15 passing through flanges on the base plate 10 and the end plates "Ia/and '7b' respectively and through holes 37 in the plate 9. At a point adjacent the outer Vextremity of Vthe bottom'plate 19 of the primary air heater, the rear Wall 9 is provided with' an integral lug 26 adapted to support the outer edge of the top plate of the primary air heater. This primary air heater top plate is provided with downwardly extending air heater lingers 27, these fingers being of such shape that Y same.

block 1 so as to form an opening or exhaust p ort 20 for the primary air heater, through which exhaust port the heated primary air passesginto the primary expansion chamber, 21.

The secondary air heaterf2 vconsists of a grill resting on the burner baseplate 10 andv positioned by lugs 28 which are integral with the base plate 10. This grill is further positioned by -f the refractory walls 8 on the burner end plates 'la and 7b, and contacts at its upper edge with the burner front plate or air deilector 6 at its upper edge 35. The secondary air heater 2 as illustrated is provided with' openings or louvres 22 therein for the purpose of admitting the secondary air through the primary expansion chamber 21 and directing it upwardly-away fromthe distributor block 1 and at the Asame time across the primary expansion chamber 21, toward the refractory wall 8 which forms a lining at the ends and back of the primary expansion chamber 21.

The burner front' plate or airdeflector 6 is secured in place by bolts 15 identical 'with those previously described, these'bolts securing this deector plate to the bottom or base plate l0 and tothe end plates 'la and 7b respectively.

The base plate 10 is provided with openings33 for the purpose of admitting the branches of the gas manifold 4, and is provided with an elongated opening forming the two air inlets 18a and 18h for the primary and secondary air supplys respectively. Y

At the opposite ends of this elongated opening, the base plate 10 is provided with upstanding lugs 29 having drilled holes therethrough for a purpose to be described. Of substantially the same size as this opening andv having corresponding lugs 30 adapted to register with thelugs 29 is the air inlet control valve 3 which has been previously mentioned. Pins 12 Yare passed through the openings in the'lugs 29 and 30 respectively thus hinging the controller valve 3 to swing within the opening to open and close the Extending outwardly vtoward the 'controller valve 3 and integral with thejdistributor block 1 there is .provided an air dividing plate 17.

`This plate projects downwardly and forwardly from the front lower edge ofthe gaS distributor `1 and has for its purpose to maintain the division of the primary and secondary air as made by the valve 3 passing through the air inlet openings lSa and 18h. As' will be noted, this dividing plate extends to such a position that when the valve 3 is opened it will contact along'one edge with the dividing plate, thereby forming a Ycontinuous wall from the openingthrough the base plate to the primary heater 5 and the secondary heater 2. i Y

It willA b e seen from the above that when this burner is in operation 'gas will be passed through the supply pipe 11 and the manifold 4 into the distributor block ll and out through theoriiices 24a and 2lbrespectively. At the same time, air ywill be drawn in'through the ports 18a andV 18h, the primary air beingseparated by the divider o plate 1'? and conveyed past the manifold 4 into the openings 16 between the primary air heater fingers 27. As it passes through these openings it is heated by heat from the primary expansion chamber. It then passes outwardly through the primary air heater exhaust port 20 and is then mingled with the gas being emitted from the oririices 24a and 24D at a pointimmediately adjacent these orifices. At this point, there occurs the chemical combination of the carbon content of the gaseous fuel. This not only heats the hydrogen content of the gaseous fuel to its ignition point, but at the same time furnishes heat to the secondary air heater 2 so that the second- .ary air is injected into the primary expansion chamber 21 vat a very high temperature. This secondary air being directed upwardly toward the opening 4l in the primary expansion chamber and at the same time transversely of the expansion chamber toward the refractory lining plate, serves to slow up the movement of the gases during the primary expansion stage and to prevent a too rapid expansion which would cause Vibration within the burner. As the gaseous fuel reaches the outlet 41 of the primary chamber'it Vcombines with the secondary heated air and the combustion of the gas is thereupon completed as it leaves the primary expansion chamber.V l

It will beissen from the above thata very efficient and valuable'burner has Abeen provided which carries out allof the'objects set forthin connection with this invention. It is apparent, however, that the illustration is by lway ofy example only and that various changes and modiii` cations may bevmade in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention as defined by the ap` pended claims.

What'I claim is:-

l. In a gas burner, a primary expansion chamber open at its top, a gas distributorv disposed at the bottom of said chamber and having up wardly directed orificestherein, a'primary air heater adjacent one side of said distributor and having its outlet opening into said primaryexpension chamber adjacent said orices, a secondary air heater disposed tothe otherside of and above said orices, said secondary air heater having outlets formed to direct the heated .secondary air upwardly away Vfrom the distributor and toward the open end of the primary'expansion chamber, a common controlling valve for supplying both the primary and the Asecondary air, the orifices in said distributor nearest the outlet for the primary air heater being directed Y substantially straight upwardly, the Yoriic'esA in said distributor nearest the Vsecondary air heater being directed upwardly at aninclination away from said secondary air heater, and a refractory wall for the side of the primary expansionchamber toward which said last mentioned orifices .are directed. y 2. In a gas burner, a primary expansionv chamber open at its top, a gas distributor disposed at the Vbottom of said chamber and having upwardly directed outlet orifices, therein, a primary air heater adjacent one sidelof said distributor and having its outlet opening into'saidvy primary lexpansion chamber adjacent said orices, a secondary air heater disposed to the other'side of and above said orifices, said` secondary air heater having outlets formed to direct the heated'sec- 'los nii

les

oriiices in said distributor nearest the outlet for the primary air heater being directed substantially straight upwardly, and the orifices in said distributor nearest the secondary air heater being directed upwardly at an inclination away from said secondary air heater.

3. In a gas burner, a gas distributor having outlet orices therein, a primary air heater adjacent one side of said distributor and having its outlet adjacent to said orifices, a secondary air heater disposed to the other side of and above said orices, said secondary air heater having outlets formed to direct the heated secondary air upwardly and away from the distributor, a common controlling valve for supplying both the primary and the secondary air, the orices in said distributor nearestr the outlet for the primary air heater being directed substantially straight upwardly, and the orifices in said distributor nearest the secondary air heater being directed upwardly at an inclination away from said secondary air heater.

4. In a gas burner, a primary expansion chamber, a gas distributor therein having gas outlet orices, means for injecting heated primary air into said primary expansion chamber adjacent said orices to cause primary partial combustion of the fuel within the chamber, means for injecting heated secondary air into said chamber above said distributor, whereby the rapidity of primary combustion within the chamber will be checked and complete combustion will be promoted as the i'uel leaves the chamber, and common volume control means for controlling and separately admitting said primary and secondary air and mainoutlet adjacent to said openings, a secondary air y heater disposed to the other side of and above said orices, the openings in said distributor nearest the outlet for the primary air heater being directed substantially straight upwardly, and the orifices in said distributor nearest the secondary air heater being directed upwardly at an inclination away from said secondary air heater.

6. In a gas burner, a primary expansion chamber, a gas distributor therein having gas outlet orifices, means for injecting heated primary air into said primary expansion chamber adjacent said orices to cause primary partial combustion of the fuel Within the chamber, means for injecting heated secondary air into said chamber above said distributor, whereby the rapidity of primary combustion within the chamber will be checked and complete combustion will be promoted as the fuel leaves the chamber, a butterfly valve for controlling the admission of said primary andsecondary air and for receiving the primary air on one side thereof and the secondary air on the other side thereof to maintain a substantially constant proportion therebetween, and means inwardly of and adjacent said butterfly valve for cooperating with the butterfly valve in maintaining the division between the primary and secondary air.

JOHN E. CUNNINGHAM.

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