US1841169A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

C. H. BUTZ BURNER Jan. 12, 1932.

Filed Jan. 29, 1930 Patented Jan. 12, 1932 PATENT OFFICE CHARLES H. IB'U'TZ, OF DENVER, COLORADO OOMIPANY, OF DENVER, COLORAI) ASSIGNOR TO THE DENVER FIRE O, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO BURNER Application filed January 29, 1930. Serial- No. 424,198.

This invention relates to improvements in gas burners and has reference more particularly to a burner that is especially well adapted for furnaces employing a very high temperature.

It is the object of this invention to produce a burner that shall be so constructed that it will withstand very high temperatures and which shall be provided with means for securing a very thorough mixture of the combustible gases and which shall also have means for heating the gases so as to secure the most complete combustion of the same.

One of the principal objects is to produce a burner that will accelerate combustion so as to produce higher temperatures within the .vfurg ace or the retort, a still further object of this invention is to produce a burner in which a mixture of gas and air can be admitted at a very high velocity. With burners of ordinary construction the flame goes out when the mixture of gas and air is introduced at a high velocityand this limits the capacity of the burner.

Another object of this invention'isto'pfol semblediandwhose construction is such that the nozzle portion thereof placed whenever desired.

The above and other objects which may become apparent as the description proceeds are attained by means of a construction and can be readily re- -an arrangement of parts that will now 'bc' describedin detail, and for this purpose, reference will lfiahadjw the accompanying drawings in which the preferredernbodimentof the. invention has been illustrated, and in which: A

Fig. 1 is a section taken on line 1'1, Fig. 3, and shows the different parts in assembled relation;

Fig. 2 is an end view looking in the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 1, portions of the nozzle being broken away to better disclose the construction; I

Fig. 3 is a view taken on line 3-3, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a side elevation looking in the direction of arrow 4, Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 55, Fig. 1.

In the drawings reference numeral 1 represents the nozzle Which-is made from refractory material such as fire clay. This nozzle is elongated and is preferably of rectangularcross section as shown in the drawings,but it may be cylindrical or of any other transverse cross section whichever may be found to be most desirable for the particular use to which the nozzle is to be put. An opening extends through the nozzle from one end thereof to the other. This opening has a central portion 2 of smaller diameter than the end portions. The wall of the opening from the restricted portion thereof to the delivery end, and which has been designated by the reference numeral 3, is frusto-conical, and the outer end of the wall is provided with a plurality of grooves 4 that are separated from each other by ribs 5 that taper to a sharp edge. The inlet part of the opening is curved in the manner indicated by reference numeral 6. The intake end of the nozzle is provided on three sides with a wide groove or rabbet 7 whose walls are the manner shown in Fig. 1. An end closure 8 is provided with three sides 9 whose inner surfaces are inclined so as to conform to the inwardly inclined in inclination of the walls of rabbet 7. Memwith theopening in the nozzle when the parts are in 'assembled position. Secured to member 8 by means of screws 11 is a spider 12 that is provided with a plurality of radial openings 13 which are separated from each other by radial arms 14 in the manner shown in Figs. 3 and 5. The central portion of member 12 has an outwardly extending hub 15 on which is rotatably mounted a damper 16. This damper is provided with a plurality of openings that correspond in size and location with the openings 13 and which are separated from each other by radial ribs '17. The hub 15 is provided on opposite sides.with projecting lugs 18 that engage in notches 19 of the damper. Lugs 18 limit the relative witha central opening 10 that is concentric or Y structed.

r is provided with a set screw 21.

rotation of the damper with respect to the spider 12. The spider is provided ,with a downwardly extending lug which. in turn This set screw serves to hold the damper in adjusted position. The gas is supplied by means of a pipe 22 that extends from a source of supply to the burner. Secured to the end of pipe 22 is a gas tip 23. This tip is provided with a radial flange 24 that is perforated for the reception of the bolts 25 which serve to secure it to the hub portion 15. The flange 24 extends over the damper and it therefore holds the latter in place while permitting it to be rotated so as to regulate the size of the openings 13. The gas tip is also provided with one or more flanges 26 that'serve to radiate heat and therefore helps to keep the tip cool. The damper is provided with a lug 27that'can be engaged by an implement for turning the damper.

With the parts assembled in the manner described, we will assume that gas under pressure is admitted to the tip 23. This gas will issue in a stream of high velocity through the small opening 28 in the inner end of the tip. and will produce a suction which in turn will make air flow inwardly through openings 13. The air and the gas mix so-as to form a combustible mixture and this can be ignited at the outlet opening of the nozzle. After the flame has been burning for some time, the walls 5 that separate the grooves 4 will become highly heated and will serve to heat the gas and to ignite the same-so that there will be a complete combustion. Thewalls 5 and grooves 4 alsoserve to form a better mixture but the most important function served by them is the heating of the gaseous mixture by the highly heated sharp edges of the walls and it has been f opndjhat this s'ervesfto get a much better combustion than if the walls were smooth and therefore a greater thermal efiiciency is obtained from the burner than if it were otherwise con- Instead of having the inner surface of the opening in thenozzle fluted as shownkand described,'it may be provided with a large number of projections that taper to sharp points as these will soon be heated to incandescence and will effect the same results as the sharp edges of walls 5. The incandescent or highly heated points serve to raise the temperature of the gaseous mixture so high that the flame will begin close to the end of the nozzle and even inside of the nozzle and therefore it becomes possible to introduce the gaseous mixture at a higher velocity than can be successfully employed with burners having a similar shape but which have the wall of the opening smooth.

The manner in which the nozzle 1 is secured to the end closure is also of importance for the reason that it simplifies the manufacture and the assembly and makes it possible to readily substitute a new nozzle if this should be needed for any reason and also holds the parts positively in assembled relation.

The metal parts that form the end closure may be of any suitable design, but the one shown and described has been found to be satisfactory.

The material that has been found to be the most satisfactory for use for the nozzle is refractory clay products, such as fire clay, but it is also possible to employ metal for this purpose, providing the melting point of the metal is sufliciently high to withstand the temperatures to which the nozzle is subjected while in use.

From the above description it will be apparent that I have produced a simple and substantial burner that is especially well adapted for heating retor ts and furnaces where a high temperature is desired and which is so constructed that the nozzle will assist in heating the gas to a high temperature and in mixing the same with air so as to obtain the best possible combustion.

Having described my invention what is claimed .as new is:

1. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a nozzle formed from a block of refractory material having an opening extending through the same, the opening being of larger diameter at the ends than in the middle that oreairmmgummein nearer the inlet end than the outlet end, and means for introducing a mixture of air and gas into the opening in such proportions and under such pressure that combustion will begin before the mixture leaves the opening, the wall of the opening in the block being provided with a pluralityof projecting portions of small cross sectional area that are adapted to become heated to incandescence when the burner is in operation.

' 2. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a nozzle formed from a block of refractory material having an opening extending through the same, the opening being of larger diameter at the ends than in the middle, that portion having the smallest diameter being nearer the inlet end than the outlet end, and

means for introducing a mixture of air and gas into the opening in such proportions and under such pressure that combustion will begin before the mixture leaves the opening, the wall of the opening in the block being provided with a plurality of parallel grooves separated by thin walls that become heated to incandescence when the burner is in operation.

3. A gas burner comprising, in combination, a block of refractory material provided with an opening, a metal plate secured to one end of the block by means of a dovetail connection, a gas nozzle secured to the center of the plate for directing a stream of gas into the opening, said plate having a plurality of openings surrounding the nozzle and means for adjusting the effective areas of the openings, the delivery end of the opening i the block having its surface corrugated.

4. A gas burner comprising a block of refractory material, one end of which has substantially parallel opposed sides, the ends of the parallel sides being inclined towards each other so as to taper inwardly, a closure for the end of the block, said closure having sides that are adapted to fit the inclined sides of the block whereby it can be moved transversely ot the block but will be held against longitudinal movement, the block being provided with an opening that extends longitudinally thereof,;the opening having its ends of larger diameter than the intermediate portions, the delivery end of the opening being provided with longitudinal corrugations, and means for introducing a stream of gas and air into the intake end of the opening.

5. A gas burner comprising a block of refractory material, one end of which has substantially parallel opposed sides, the ends of the parallel sides being inclined towards each other so as to taper inwardly, a closure for-the end of the block, said closure having sides that are adapted to fit the inclined sides of the block whereby it can be moved transversely of the block but will be held against longitudinal movement, the block being provided with'an opening that extends longitudinally thereof, the opening having its ends oflarger diameter than the intermediate portions, the delivery end of the opening being provided with longitudinal corrugations, means for introducing a stream of gas and air into the intake end of the opening and means for controlling the proportion of air and gas in the mixture.

45 In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

CHARLES H. BUTZ.

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