US1971851A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 28, 1934. M. E. F 'INC K 1,971,351

' BOILER Filed Aug. 6, 1932 2 sheets-sheet. 1

IN VEN TOR.

HfTORNEY M. E. FINCK 2& 1934.

BOILER IN VEN TOR.

E r S v v V 6 A a, Q w W V. B E w Patented Aug. 28, 1934 UNITED STATES; PATENT OFFICE I I t I I 1,9 7 1,s5 1 V A V V p 1 BOILER Moffatt E: Fin'ck, Burlingtonyl owa, assignor to i Murray Iron Works Company, Burlington,

Iowa, acorporation of Iowa I 1 Application August 6,1932, seriai No. 627,720 3 Claims. (01. 122-5331) This invention relates to boilers incorporating a down draft furnace.

The primary object of my invention is to provide highly eificient combustion of the fuel and 5 to reduce the stack temperatures to a minimum.

Other objects'are to so support the fuel that the volatile matter'therein may be burned before passage of the fuel to the fire bedy'to support the fuel by a part of the water circulating system of the boiler so that the high temperature adjacent the fire bed may be utilized in heatingthe water; to utilize the wall temperatures -of the boiler in the heating of the water; and to provide a boilerof simple and economical COIlStIllCf tion and efi'icient and thorough operation.

In the selected embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a boiler embodying my invention; v Fig. 2 is a side elevation;

Fig; 3 is a vertical transverse section taken substantially on the line 3-3 of" Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section taken substantially on the line 44' of Fig. 1. i The boiler includes a shell 5. A refractory lining 6 is provided. within the shell and suitable insulation 7 is interposed between the shell and lining to retain the heat in the boiler and increase the efficiency thereof. A steam drum 8, made of steel plate riveted or welded together or a casting, is provided at the forward upper end of the boiler and at the lower rear end of the boiler is a' water drum 9, similar in construction to the drum 3, and to which the usual water inlet 10 is connected. A plurality of bent boiler tubes 11 interconnect the drums 8 and 9 and the bent tubes are placed and baflied to be in direct contact with the products of combustion and are designed to set up a rapid roundabout circulation of the 40 water. The disposition of the tubes is such that substantially all of the heat is extracted from the products of combustion passing thereover whereby the stack temperature is reduced. I have found that this can best be accomplished by arranging the tubes in banks and in the present instance the tubes are disposed in horizontal banks. Moreover, greater efficiency is attained in boiler operation if the area of the hot gas passages is maintained substantially constant. Furthermore, there is a certain amount of radiated heat from the fire on the grate in the boiler and it is advantageous to utilize this heat in the heating of the tubes. Furthermore, the efficiency of the boiler is increased by passing the heated gases over the tubes more than one time and to obtain this double pass effect and increase the effectiveness of the radiated heat 'I provide a bafile'in the boiler which is disposed behind the lowermost bank of tubes and at the free end of this bafiie I provide afiange which projects toward the opposite wall of the boiler. The bafiie and the flange thereon are terminated in spaced relation with other parts of the boiler so that gas passages of substantially uniform size are provided and. the uniformity of size ofthe gas passages may also be maintained by providing a bridge wall behind the grate andbeveling this bridge wall in a proper manner. The boilerincludes a down draft furnace and, when coal or other solid matter is used, it'burns on the usual rocking grate 12 having the customary ash pit 13 therebelow to which access may be had through the door 14, a firej door 15 being provided above the grate for the purpose'well understood. The draft and loading door l6is arranged above the fire door 15 below. the draft tube 17 having the damper 18 therein. A small water drum or header 19 is provided adjacent the front wall of theboilerintermediate the doors 15 and 16. Another small water drumor header 20 is provided in the furnaceinwardly of and in a' horizontal plane above the horizontal plane of the drum 19. The drums-19 and 20 are connected by a plurality of spaced apart forwardly inclined tubes 21 providing a grate above the rocking grate 12. The 35 drum 20 is connected with the drum 8 through tubes 22 and the drum 19 is connected with the drum 8 through tubes 23. The drum 19 is also connected with the drum 9 through tubes 24 as will be explained more fully hereinafter. The interconnection of the drums 19 and 20 with the drums 8 and 9 insures circulation of water through the tubes 21 and. these tubes are arranged to provide what I call a water grate. The tubes 21 are disposed immediately above the fire bed supported on the rocking grate 12 and are therefore subjected to intense heat. Solid fuel, such as coal, isintroduced into the furnace through the door 16 and is supported on the water grate provided by the tubes 21. This fuel falls from the tubes 21 onto the fire bed or grate 12 and as the fuel burns the draft draws volatile matter from the coal or the like on the water grate down into contact with the fire onthe lower grate where the volatile matter is consumed. This insures greater efliciency and practically smokeless combustion. It is obvious that during the operation of the boiler the refractory lining 6 is intensely heated. This lining is materially thickened adjacent thegrates 21 and 12 in the portion constituting the fire box of the boiler and this added or thickened portion of the refractory lining is indicated by 25. The tubes 24 and tubes 26, which extend between the drums 8 and 9, are embedded in the thickened lining 25 and water circulating through the tubes 24 and 26 is heated by the heat absorbed, by the lining 25 so as to utilize the heat of the lining; Heat from fuel burning on the grate 12 passesup over the water grate 21 and then flows along the under-" ing theheaders and the plurality of spaced apart side of thebafile thereby heating the lowermost bank of tubes and this heat subsequently passes i grate being disposed so that heat from fuel and the flange on the battle and flows over the through the opening between the water drum 9 other banks of tubes and heats them, an'dfitv is therefore obvious that the heat flows in two directions over the banks of tubes thereby giving a double pass efiect. P

The boiler is provided with the shaking devices andtube cleaning facilities. but, as the particular construction of these partsconstitutes nov particular part of myinvention, specific referencethereto is not made.

In the foregoing descriptioniI have described aboiler adaptedto be fired with a solid fuel such as coal butmy invention is not limited to use with such a boilerfor it may be'used-with an oil or gas fired boiler. Under such circumstances, the; tubes 21 do,not serve as, a grate but are nevertheless'advantageous since they absorb heat immediately above the burner for the oil or ,gas,

which burnerwill be positioned somewhat similarly to the grate 1 2; Itis also to be understood j that the invention and the parts andconstruction are susceptible of variation and -modification within the spiritqand scope of thefollowing claims. I v 1 I r Iclaim:-. 1. In a boiler, spaced'drumsa bank of tubes interconnecting said tdrums, a bafile arranged behindthelowermost row of. tubes, heating means,

1 and means directly interconnected with the sir drums and including tubes arranged immediately above said heating means to be subjected" to the heat of said heating means whereby heat'fiowing fromthe heating means flows over the secondnamed tubes and along the underside of the v 1 same. I

usual appur-a tenances such as water and pressure gages, grate baflie to heat the lowermost. row of tubes and subsequently flows over the other rows of tubes to heat the same.

2. In a boiler, water and steam drums, at bank of tubes interconnecting said drums and arranged in rows, a baffle behind the lowermost row of tubes, a

grate, a pair of-headersabove said grate and interconnected .by a plurality of spaced apart tubes and providing a support above the grate for fuel to be passed thereto, means directly interconnecttubes with the water and steam drums, said burned thereon flows over said plurality of spaced apart tubes and then along the underside of said bafil'e to heat the lowermost row of tubes and then over the 0 her rows of tubes to heat the v 3.. Ina boiler, a grate, a steam drum mounted at the upper front end of the boiler, a water drum mounted at the lower rear endoftheboiler, a plurality of bent boiler tubes .;i nterconnecting said. drums and arranged in banks-1a bafliebehind the lowermost-bank ofztubes, a water-header ad-' jacent the front wallcof the boiler intermediate the battle and the grate, tubes, directly connectgrate whereby fuel introduced ;i nto. said boiler is supported by the forwardly inclined; tubes, the volatile matter from the-fuel, supported on said forwardly inclined. tubes being drawn into contact with the burning fuel onthe grate where it is consumed to thereby increase the efficiency of burning of the fuel, the products of combustion from fuel burned; on said grate passing over said forwardly inclined; tubes-to heat the same. and

along the underside of said bafile. toheat the tubes in the lowermost bank and then over the otherv banks of tubes to thereby heat the same. MOEFA'IT E. FINCK.

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