US1780283A - Apparatus for generating steam by the burning of fuel in suspension - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 4, 1930. J, VANHBRUNT 1,780,283

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSI ON il Mar 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN TOR VAN BRUNT APPARATUS FOR GENERATIN G STEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSION Filed March 27, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR A TTORNBYS' Nov. 4, 1930. 1,780,283

APPARATUS FOR GVEIJNERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSION J. VAN BRUNT 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 27, 1926 INVENTOR W ATTORNEY3 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR` ATTORNEYS Nov. 4, 1930. 1. VAN BRUNT APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF, FUEL IN SUSPENSION Filed March 27, 1926 Patented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES' PATE-NT' OFFICE JOHN VAH IBRUNT, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'ro {INTERNATIONAL COM- BUSTION ENGINEEBING CORPORATION,

:DELAWARE OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A. COBPORATION OF APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSION Application filed March 27, 1926. Serial No.-97,873.

This invention relates to generation of steam, and is particularly useful where the fuel is to be burned in suspension, as is the case, for example, with pulverizedcoal.

The nature of the invention and its objects Will be best understood from the following brief statement. 6

There are a number of diferent forms of standard boilers now very largely used, but the development of the power requirements has been so rapid that standard forms of boilers are incapable of enerating the steam required, that is to say, t ey are incapable of developing th'e capacities needed to meet modern power requirements.

There are many such standard boiler installations now in existence, and it is one of the primary objects of my invention to convert these existing boilers into high Capacity boilers in a simple and effective manner.

The invention is also useful in the making of new installations where it is desirable to employ, in combination therewith, standard boilers or material parts of standard boiler constructions.

How the foregoing, together with such other objects as may hereinafter appear, or

are incident to my invention, are realized, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a Ladd type of boiler equipped with my improvements.

Fig. 2 is a similar cross section illustratng the application of my improvements to a horizontal tubular boiler. I

Fig'. 3 is a similar view illustratng the application of my improvements to an 1nclined tubular boiler, such as a Sterling boiler.

Fig. 4, is a section illustrating the applcation of my improvements to a boiler of the cross drum type L w Referring now to Fig. 1, the reference character A in general denotes a Ladd holer with its refractory setting. In the main this voiler comprises an upper drum-7, a lower drum 8, and a bank of connecting tubes 9, such tubes being suitably baflied to provide an desired number of passes.

`In applying my mventon to such a boiler installation I rip out that portion of the sct- I tng n front of the boiler and substitute i therefor a combustion chamber indicated, as a whole, by the reference B, this combustion chamber being set in front of the boiler in such manner that that part of the space in front of the boiler which constituted a portion of the original combustion chamber becomes the oli-take of'the installation, in consequence of which the original boiler becomes, in efi'ect, an economizer section or sec tions located in such ^oif-take.

To be more specific the combustion chamber B is composed of tubular boiler'elements i arranged in the shape of a furnace. This combustion chamber includes the front and rear tubular water walls 10 and 11, which walls are preferably composed of tubes having longitudinal fins 12; the side water walls 13 composed of similarly finned tubes; the top tubular water wall 14; the tubular screen 15 to be more particularly described', and the headers 16 and 17, and the drums 18 and 19.

The tubes of the water wall 10 .are connected at their lower ends into the drum 19, h

and at their upper ends into the header 16. The tubes of the rear water wall 11, have their lower ends connected into the header 17 and their upper ends connected into the! drum 18; the tubes of the side walls have their lower ends connected into the headers 20 and their upper ends connected into the headers 21 The headers 20 are connected at one end into the drun`l9, and the headers 21 are connected at their opposite ends into the drum 18. The tubes of the top wall 14: are connected at one end into the header 16 'and at the other endinto the drum 18. The tubes of the water screen 15 have one end connected into the drum 19 and the other end into the header` 17. The top Wall and the. water screen are inclined as shown, and

the drum 19 is supplied from the drum 8 by asuitable pipe or pipes 22, whereby'circulation takes place from the drum 19 upwardly through all of the tubes described, circulation with the standard boiler 'being completed by virtue of the connecting ppes 23 which lead from the drum 1 8 to the upper drum 7.

The tubes of the screen 15 are spaced'rather wdely apart and constitute the outlet 'rom the combustion chamber formed by the furnace-shaped boiler, below which outlet is the ash pit 24 communicating at the rear with the off-take 25 from the 'urnace previously generally described.

The powdered coal is admitted preferably by burner means located at the upper corners of the furnace shaped boiler diagrammatically indicate'd at 26. The pulverzed `coal preferably with preheated air for combustion, is admitted through and at the burners,

`producing a violently swirling vertical type of combustion, with consequent short' 1ntensely hot flame, which flame terminates short of the screen 15 under normal Operating conditions. V

The water walls of the furnace shaped boiler being subject to radiant heat, transmit heat at a very high rate indeed, in consequence of which there is not only a very rapid circulation through the tubes of the water walls, but also a very rapid circulation through the standard boiler at the rear of the combustion chamber. Hence, the Capacity of the installation is greatly increased, and this with the addition of a relatively small combustion chamber of very simple Construction. Furthermor, the relation between the rate of fuel being fed under normal conditions and the Volume of the combustion chamber, i. e., the amount 'of evaporating surface, is such that the gases leave the lower portion of the combustion chamber at a very high temperature by virte of which it is desirable to locate the superheater elements 26 in the off-take with the preheater means (not shown) located beyond the standard boiler. By virtue of the high degree of heat of the gases leaving the combustion space, the standard boiler becomes an' unusually efi'ective economizer section.

Referring now to the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, it will be seen that the same general type of furnace shaped tubular boiler, combustion chamber is provided in front of part of the boiler setting. `In this case, however, a downcomer or downcomers22 lead from the rear headers 27 of the hori- `zontal tubular boiler C and upcomers 28 lead from the drum 18 to the headers 29 of the boiler. In all'other essential respects the installation and its operation is the same as that previously described.

Referring to F ig. 3, I have illustrated the application of the tubular combustion chamber described in front of a Sterling boiler. A

Referring now to Fig. 4, I have heren illustrated an installation very much like that shown in Fig. 2. In this case, however, there are downcomer means 35 leading froni the drum 36 to the drum 19, and there are upcomer means 37 leading from the drum 18 to the drum 36. Also, the tubes of the water screen 15 are curved as shown to provide an outlet from the combustion chamber B cooperating efl'ectively with the outlet 38 leading to the off-take 39, as will be readily understood from inspection of the figures.

Other advantages will occur to those skilled in the art.

I claim 1. The combination with a boiler having a bank of convection tubes and its setting, of a combustion chamber having its walls largely defined by steam generating tubes sulnect to radiant heat, the tubes of at least oneof said walls being upright and provided with longitudinally extending fins, a gas space between the combustion chamber and the boiler, said gas space being'defined in part by convection tubes of the boiler and in part by finned upright tubes of the combustion chamber, a gas inlet for said gas space establishing communication between the combustion chamber and the gas space and a gas outlet for said gas space establishing communication between it and the boiler,

2. In combination, a combustion chamber having walls thereof defined by upright steam evaporating tubes, a bank of upright convection tubes spaced from one of said upright walls of the combustion chamber, tubes of said bank forming with the tubes of said upright wall an upright passage through which gases leaving the combustion chamber must pass before passin amongst the tubes of the convection ban and a superheater located in saidpassage.

3. In combination, a combustion chamber having its upright walls defined by steam evaporating tubes and having an outlet for the products of combustion across which spaced evaporating tubes eXtend, a bank of convection tubes spaced from said combustion chamber and defining with an upright tubular wall of the combustion chamber an upright gas passage having communication with said outlet, bafie means associated with said bank of tubes' for providing a plurality of gas passes amongst the tubes of the bank and providing communication between said passes and said gas passage.

4. The combination with a bank of convection boiler tubes, of a combustion chamber located to one side of said bank, a gas space between the combustion chamber and the bank of convection boiler tubes, boiler tubes in said chamber largely defining the combustion space thereof including upright boiler.

ducng fuel into the combustion chamber to be burned in space therein.

' 5. The combination with a bank of convection boiler tubesof a combustion chamber located to one side of said bank, a gas space between the combustion chamber and the bank of convection boiler tubes, boiler tubes in said chamber largely defining the combustion space thereofincluding upright boiler tubes constituting a dividing wall between the combustion chamber and the gas space, said combustion chamber having an outlet in its lower portion communicating with the gas space at its lower portion, and said gas space having an outlet at its upper portion through which gases may pass` to the bank of convection boiler tubes, and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to be burned in space therein.

6. The combination with a bank of convection boiler tubes, of a combustion chamber located to one side of said bank, a gas space between the combustion chanber and` the bank of convection boiler tubes, boiler tubes in said chamber largely defining the combustion space thereof including 'upright boiler tubes constituting a dividing wall between the combustion chamber and the gas space, said combustion chamber having an outlet in its lower portion communicating with the gas space at its lower portion, and said gas space having an outlet at its upper portion through which gases may pass to the bank of convection boiler tubes, and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to be burned in space thereon, together with a superheater located in said gas space.

7. The combination with a furnace shaped I 4 tubular boiler having an upper drum to which the tubes of the boiler are connected, substantially all of said tubes being exposed to radiant heat, of a bank of convection tubes, an upper drum to which the upper ends of sad convection tubes are connected, means connecting said first drum with said latter drum and means connecting the lower ends of the said convection tubes to the tubes of the furnace shaped boiler.

8. The combination with afurnace shaped tubular boiler having an upper drum to which the tubes of the boiler are connected, substantially all of said tubes being exposed to radiant heat, of a bank of convection tubes, an upper drum to which the upper ends of said convection tubes are connected, means connecting said first drum with said latter drum and means connecting the lower ends of said convection tubes to the tubes of the furnace shaped boiler, the said convection tubes constituting the sole downcomer for the boiler.

9. The combination with a furnace shaped tubular boiler having an upper drum to which the tubes of the boiler are connected, substanant heat, of a bank of convection tubes, an upper drum to .which the upper ends of said convection tubes are connected, means connecting said first drum with said'latter drum comprising a plurality of substantially horizontal tubes, and means connecting the lower ends of the said convection tubes to the tubes of the furnace shaped boiler. v

10. In combination a furnace shaped boiler the side walls of the combustion chamber thereof including rows of substantially upright tubes subject to radiant heat, means connecting the upper ends of said rows of tubes to a common drum, a bank of convection tubes, an upper drum to .which the upper ends of 'said convection tubesare connected,

means connecting said first drum with said latter drum and means connecting the lower ends of the said convection tubes to the tubes of the furnace shaped boiler.

11. In combination a furnace shaped boiler the side walls of the combustion chamber thereof including rows of substantially upright tubes subject to radiant heat, a drum signed my name.

JOHN VAN BRUNT.

tially all of said tubes being exposed to radi-

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