US1950407A - Cylinder grinder - Google Patents

Description

March 13, 1934. M. c. HUTTO L Q CYLINDER GRINDER Filed April 1, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR. WMDE 6799770 ATTORNEY.

March 13, 19

M. C; HUTTO CYLINDER GRINDER Filed April 1, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 13, .1934.

M. c. HUTTO CYLINDER GRINDER Filed April 1, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 l lllll |1 I 0 b rl [III I! A TTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 13,- 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CYLINDER GRINDER Marsden C. Hutto, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Hutto Engineering Company, Inc., a corporation of Michigan- Application April 1, 1927, Serial No. 180,159

43 Claims. (01. 51-1843) This invention relates to cylinder grinders Fig. 6 is a cross section taken on line 66 of similar in form and operation to that disclosed Fig. 5. in my Letters Patent of the United States No. As shown more clearly in Fig. 3 the device conl,610,681, issued December 14, 1926. sists of abody 1 preferably of cylindrical form As is set forth in the said patent the strucand having a cylindrical aperture 2 extending 3 ture disclosed therein includes a body and plurallongitudinally thereof. This body has a threadity of radially adjustable abrading members ined end 3 on which is secured the nut 4 and lock eluding a carrier having fixed pins extending nut 5 providing a housing for the driver 6 which through apertures in the body to engagement with has a ball end 7 and pins 8, 8 engaging in slots adjustable cones by means of which the limit of 9, 9 respectively of the said end of the body. The 65 contraction of the cones in operation is positively member 5 is preferably slotted at 10 to permit indetermined and as set forth in the said patent troduction of the pins to place. However, this the device is made with the usual clearances parconstruction as to the driver and its mode of ticularly the pins and the apertures therefor attachment to the body is not of particular im- 116 which within limits permits the stones to occupy portance in this invention. Any means by which 70 a position at a slight angle to the axis of the tool the body may be rotated and reciprocated may and thus enables the abrasive members to conbe employed. Preferably, however, the driving tact the wall of a cylinder that is slightly tapered. means should be readily removable or means The principal feature of this invention is to provided to permit adjustment of the bolt 12 provide a tool of the same general character with whose function is hereinafter described. 5 an improved construction, arrangement and rela- The body is provided with a series of radial tionship of parts enabling the abrasive members bosses 13, 13 of the desired number near one end to assume a greater angle to the longitudinal axis of the device and a similar series of radial bosses of the tool than is possible with the structure 14 adjacent the opposite end. These bosses have shown in the said patent and to secure a greater apertures opening into the central aperture 2 8-11 freedom of operation of the devices and less liaas will be understood from Fig. 3. In these bosses bility to bind due to expansion resulting from the are the pins 15, 15 having plane outer ends and heat evolved in the grinding operation. This tool coned inner ends indicated at 16. is to be reciprocated and rotated in the cylinder Mounted in the central aperture 2 is the conbeing ground and the stones or abrasive memtrol member consisting of cones 17 and 18, the bers are forcibly set into contact with the wall of cone 17 being threaded for threaded engagement the cylinder with the result that considerable with the rod 12 and the cone 18 having an aperfriction and consequent heat is developed tendture for the rod 12 and a recess for the head 11 ing to expand the parts. of the rod. A coiled spring of barrel shape indi- 35 The purpose of this invention is to provide a cated at 19 is positioned between the cones 17 and construction which will enable the grinding op- 18 for maintaining them in spaced relation. eration to be performed under greater pressure This control unit consisting of two cones 17 and and therefore with greater rapidity of operation 18, adjusting rod 12, and the spring 19 being movin that the parts are so designed that the expanable as a unit in the longitudinal aperture 2 and so sion occasioned by the heat developed does not resubject to control by the pins 15 through the sult in a binding of the parts or restrict their pressure exerted thereon by the abrasive in concooperative function. tact with the Wall being ground.

These and other objects and novel features of The abrasive members each consist of a shell the invention are hereinafter more fully described of channeled cross section indicated at 20 and 45 and claimed, and a cylinder grinder embodying the stone 21 is secured therein in any approved my invention is shown in the preferred form in manner but preferably after the manner dethe accompanying drawings in whichscribed in my pending application Serial No.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form thereof. 154,280. Whatever the method and means used Fig. 2 is an end view taken on the line 2-2 of to secure the stone in its carrier or holder 20, the

50 Fig. l. face of the stone is preferably parallel with the Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the device. base of the holder so that upon being mounted on Fig. 4 is a cross section of the device taken apthe pins 15 as shown in Fig. 3 the face of the stone proximately on line 44 of Fig. 3. when the control element is in central position Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of an alternative lies at a right angle to the axis of the pins 15.

- form of the grinder. As will be observed, the carrier is unattached to the pins and'each of the pins, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 terminates in a fiat end at a right angle to the pin axis and the carriers merely rest upon these pins.

In the operation of the grinder as hereinafter mentioned and due to the force with which the faces of the abrasives are held in engagement with the wall being ground considerable torque or side strain is imposed upon the stone and carrier and to prevent lateral displacement of the carriers in operation and to take such-torque I have provided slots in the head of the radial bosses as is indicated at 22 in Fig. 4.

These carriers lie in aligned slots 22 of each pair of bosses 13 and 14 and each of the carriers is provided with projecting lugs 23, 23 at opposite ends thereof to receive a coiled garter spring 24 at one end and 25 at the opposite end encircling the group of carriers and tending to contract the carriers and hold the same in contact with the outer ends of the respective pins 15. Inasmuch as these carriers are loosely mounted in the slots 22 provided therefor I have provided a means for preventing longitudinal displacement thereof. For this purpose the side walls of the carriers between the bosses are widened as indicated at 26 in Fig. 1, this widened portion ex- .tending between the bosses on each side of each carrier and preventing any material displacement longitudinally of the carriers. It is to be understood that these carriers are slightly less in width than the respective slot 22 provided therefor in the bosses to allow for expansion due to heat developed in operation and the widened side walls 26 are slightly less in length than the distance between a pair of bosses 13 and 14, the purpose being to provide for freedom of action of the carrier and prevent binding thereof due control element including the cones l7 and 18 longitudinally in either direction in the aperture 2 of the body, one set of pins 15, as for instance those in thebosses 14, will be moved outwardly while those located in the bosses 13 will be moved inwardly or vice versa depending upon the direction of movement of the control element. By such longitudinal movement of the control element, therefore, the .faces of the abrasive members will be positioned at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the tool and therefore the base or bottom surface of the carrier contacting the respective pin 15 is provided with a rounded portion 2'7 which extends transversely of the carrier and contacts the pin on a diametrical line passing through its axis. Thus, any movement of the cone adjusting members from a neutral position causes these rounded portions 27 to rock on the outer pin ends. It is also to be noted that the rounded portion 2'7 merges into grooves 28, 28 on opposite sides thereof which will permit considerable movement of the pins outwardly without the edge of the pins engaging the bottom of the carrier member. Thus the action of the cones in their movement hereinafter described is not magnified or distorted through contact of the edge of the pins with the carrier, the point of contact between the carrier and pins being maintained practically on a diametrical line of the pin at all times.

Instead of the carrier 20 being provided with the rounded portions 27 engaged in the outer ends of the pins to provide a ball like contact between the pins and the carrier, the pins themselves may have a rounded or ball like outer end indicated at 29 in Fig. 5 and as is also shown in the said figure the inner ends of the pins may be provided with a ball end 30 of comparatively short radius so that the contact of the pin with the respective cones and with the bases of the carriers is a point contact. By the means described and shown in either Figs. 3 or 5 there is the maximum of freedom provided in the relative movement of the parts in the grinding operation as will be understood more fully from the dotted position of the abrasive in Fig. 5. In this figure the floating control member, including the cones 17a and 18a and connecting rod 12a, has moved longitudinally causing the lower end of the abrasive members to be contracted and the upper end thereof expanded to a like degree and this relationship of the stones at an angle to the axis of the tool may arise upon the setting of the tool in a cylinder having a tapered wall and thus the faces of the abrasives are set into positive contact with the wall under pressure at an angle to the axis of the tool. As the tool is reciprocated in this type of aperture the stones will rock longitudinally through the shifting of the control member due to the varying pressure imposed thereon by the abrasives through the pins 15 adjacent each end, it being readily understood that as pressure is released at either one end or the other of the abrasives, depending upon the character or form of the wall being ground, the excess pressure upon one of the cones will cause the control unit to be moved to equalize the pressure on the two cones. Thus the stone faces, by reason of this control element providing a positive backing for the abrasives, will conform to the wall being ground and as the tool is reciprocated and pressure hecomes equalized at opposite ends of the stone through the cutting operation the stones assume a position parallel with the tool axis as the stones grind themselves free. At this time the adjusting members areagain set up by means ofthe adjusting screw 12 or 12a and the operation repeated. It will thusbe seen that the tool grinds by reason of the positive pressure with which the stone faces engage the wall and due to the freedom of movement of the parts, as heretofore described,- a higher pressure may be imposed upon these stones .than was possible in the tool as shown in my Patent No. 1,610,681 above mentioned in that the expansion of the parts through heating does not cause a binding of the parts or a lessened freedom of the rocking motion occasioned in the reciprocation of the tool in a cylinder whose walls are out of round or are tapered.

In Figs. 3 and 5 I have shown by full lines the position of the stones when the control element is" in neutral position and by dotted lines in Fig. 5 the position assumed by the stones in engaging a wall whose face is at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the tool and it is this possible movement of the abrasive that I' have termed a rocking 1 movement. In Fig. 4, the abrasive holders and carriers 20 are shown as being formed of sheet in the .grinding operation. Also, in this holder and even in the form of carrier shown in Fig. 4, the stones may be secured in place in any approved manner not only by the use of a solder, as is suggested in Fig. 4, but by means of a shellac or other screw driver to turn the bolt 12 or 12a as the case may be. It is to be understood, however, that a rod indicated by dotted lines 32 in Fig. 5, may be secured in any approved manner to the bolt 12 or 12a and extending outwardly through the hollow driving member 6 or 60. of Figs. 3 and 5 to permit an adjustment of the distance apart of the -cone members in either case without disassembling the driver from the driving relationship with the collar 5 and end 3 or 3a of the body in the two forms of the structure shown. In view of the fact that the driving member is pivotally connected with the end of the body it is preferable that such adjusting rod 32 ispivotally connected with the head 11 or 110. of the adjusting screw 12 or 12a. Such pivotal arrangement is suggested in Fig. 5 by dotted lines, the end of the rod 32 being understood as entering a recess in the head of the adjusting screw anda pin indicated at 33 is secured therein passing through the end of the rod 32. In the form of the carrier shown in Figs. 5 and 6 the garter retaining springs 34 are carried by pins 35 secured in the ends of the carrier 31, each of these pins being provided with a circumferential groove in which the springs seat.

From the foregoing description it will become evident that the structure shown by the drawings is one in which there is great freedom of action of the parts provided for. Preferably also these cone members are formed with cylindrical end portions 40 finished to be a sliding fit in the finished bore 2.0f the body. Thus. these cylindrical portions take the strain imposed thereon by the pins and the abrasive members in operation. As this strain is unequal in a grinding operation in a cylinder that is out of round or tapered even though an even number of stones are provided, as shown, the said cylindrical portions prevent lateral displacement of the cones. Thecones are thus held with their axes coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the tool at all times and thus the faces of the abrasives are held to a true circumferential line while in operation. Therefore by the construction set forth the tool is adapted to grind a cylinder to practically true round condition and a straight wall from end to end parallel with the axis of the tool and aperture.

Having thus fully described my invention, its mode of operation and relationship of the parts by which the various objects thereof are secured, what .I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a tool for grinding cylindrical apertures, a head, a series of abrasive holders carried by the head and radially adjustable therein, said head having a central longitudinal aperture, an adjustable control element therein for adjusting the abrasive holders radially and providing a positive backing or support for the abrasive holders, said control element being movable in its adjusted relation in the body whereby variation in pressure between opposite ends of the abrasive holders may move the control element to cause the abrasive holders to be moved outwardly at that end subjected to the least pressure and inwardly at the opposite end, and means integral with the body directly engaging the abrasive holders for holding the abrasive holders from lateral displacement in the grinding operation.

2. In a grinding tool for operation on members having cylindrical apertures, the combination of a head having a hollow interior, a series of abrasive members extending longitudinally of the head, a control element mounted to move longitudinally of the hollow interior of' the head, pins extending radially of the head to engagement with the abrasive members at the outer end and with the control element at the imier end, there being a pin adjacent each end of each abrasive member, said control element including a pair of oppositely disposed cone members with which the inner ends of the pins engage respectively, said pins being unattached to either the abrasive member or the said cone whereby movement of the control element in one direction or the other of the head causes the pins at one end oi th'e abrasive members to be extended and at the other end to be moved inwardly under pressures exerted upon the face of the abrasives in the grinding operation, and means preventing displacement of the stones circumferentially of the head.

3. In a tool of the character described, a body,

.a series of abrasive elements extending longitudinally of the body, a control means by which the distance of the faces of the abrasive elements from the axis of the tool may be varied, the body of the tool being formed to provide a channel to receive the abrasive elements whereby the same are held from lateral displacement circumferentially of the tool, means whereby the pressure to which the abrasive element is subjected in the grinding operation tending to contract the abrasive elements is transmitted to the control means, the said control means being of a character to be moved by the said pressure to substantially equalize the same at opposite ends of the abrasive members, the said abrasive elements being free to assume a position at an angle to the axis of rotation of the tool.

4. A tool for grinding cylindrical apertures comprising a head, a plurality of abrading members extending longitudinally of the head and radially adjustable therein, a control element for adjusting the radial position of the abrasive members, spring members tending to contract the abrasive elements and the control element fixing the general limit of contraction, means interposed between the abrasive elements and the control element and unconnected with either by means of which the pressure imposed on the abrasive elements in operation is transmitted to the control element, the said control element being free to be moved longitudinally of the head by reason of excess pressure at one end or the other of the abrasive elements.

5. A tool for grinding cylindrical apertures comprising a head having a central longitudi nal aperture, two series of radial apertures arranged circumferentially of the body in spaced relation longitudinally thereof and opening into the central aperture, a pair of cones inadjustably rigid relation in the central aperture, a pin freely slidable in each of the radial apertures,

one series of pins having the inner ends contacting one of the cone members and the other series contacting the other member, a series of abrasive elements equal in number to the number of pins of one series lying with a pin of each series in contact therewith adjacent the respective ends 4 of the abrasive member, means on the head for supporting the abrasive members from lateral 6. A tool for grinding cylindrical apertures comprising a head having a central longitudinal aperture, two series of radial apertures arranged circumferentially of the body in spaced relation longitudinally thereof and opening into the central aperture, a pair of cones having the small ends in spaced relationship slidable in the bore, means for varying the distance apart of the cone members, a pin freely slidable in each of the radial apertures, the pins of one series of apertures having the inner ends thereof engaging one of the cone members and the pins of the other series engaging the other cone, a series of 'abrasive elements extending longitudinally of the tool even in number to the number of the pins of one series and arranged with a pin of each series engaging loosely; with the respective abrasive member, spring means tending to hold the abrasive members in contact with their respective pins, and means for preventing longitudinal and lateral displacement of the abrasive members.

'7. A tool for grinding cylindrical apertures,

comprising a head having a central longitudinal aperture and two series of radial apertures opening thereinto and in spaced relation longitudinally of the head, a series or" bosses for each of the said series of apertures, pins in the said apertures and bosses, the said bosses each having a channel parallel with the axis of the head into which the outer end of the pin extends in each instance, an abrasive element consisting of a metal holder and an abrasive stone secured therein lying in aligned channels and in contact with the pins extending thereinto, a control element in the longitudinal aperture of the head consisting of a pair of cone members in opposed adjustable relation, the inner ends of the pins of each series engaging the respective cone, the opposite ends of the pins being rounded for contact respectively with the cone and the holder of the abrasive element, spring means for yieldably holding the abrasives in the channels in contact with the pins, the control element being supported longitudinally of its aperture solely by reason of engagement of the pins therewith.

8. In a tool for grinding cylindrical apertures, a head, a series of abrasive members extending longitudinally thereof, said head having channels in which the abrasive members are loosely mounted, an adjustable control element, means interposed between the control element and each abrasive member and unattached to either thereof whereby the adjustment of the control element varies the radial distance of the faces of the abrasives from the axis or" the tool, the said abrasive members lying in engagement with the respective interposed means, and spring means for holding the abrasives in the respective channels and in contact with the respective interposed means.

9. In a tool for grinding cylindrical apertures, a head having a longitudinal aperture and two series of radial apertures opening thereinto, a

control element consisting of a pair of cones in opposed spaced relation freely movable in the 10. In a grinding device, a head having a longitudinal bore, a series of abrading members carried by the head radially adjustable relative thereto, a control element in the said bore arranged for adjustment of the abrading members, and spaced elements interposed between each abrading member and the control element, unattached to either thereof, and through the medium of which an adjustment of the control element varies the position of the abrading members relative to the axis of the tool.

11. In a grinding device, a head having a longitudinal bore, a series of abrading members carried by the head and radially adjustable relativethereto, a control element in the said bore ior adjusting the abrading members, said control element being movable longitudinally of the body in either direction, and spaced elements interposed between each abrading member and the control element unattached to either thereof and together with the control element positively limiting the extent of contraction of the abrading members.

12. In a lapping tool, a shank, a tubular frame mounted upon said shank having a series of circumferentially spaced apertures therein, a cam member slidably mounted within said frame, a plurality of stone holders positioned upon said frame, and members slidably mounted in the apertures aforesaid and engageable with the stone holders and cam member.

13. In a lapping tool, a shank, a tubular frame positioned upon said shank having a series of spaced apertures therein, a cam member also positioned within the tubular frame, pins slidably mounted within said apertiu'es and engageable with said cam member and unattached thereto, a plurality of stone holders pivotally mounted upon said frame and having portions extending through the apertures aforesaid rockably engag ing said pins and unattached to them, and means for positively moving said cam longitudinally of the tubular frame for adjusting the stone holders radially.

14. A grinding device comprising a body, a plurality of abrasive carriers movable laterally on said body, an expanding device movably mounted on said body, and intermediate shifting members floating on said body and engaging with said expanding device and said abrasive carriers and unattached to either of them. I

15. In a lapping tool, a body provided with radial recesses in the outer surface thereof,

lapping members arranged in said recesses, and

means for adjustably and rockably supporting said lapping members including radially adjustable pin members projecting into said recesses andengaging said lapping members and unattached to them.

16. In a lapping tool, a body provided with radial recesses in the outer surface thereof, lapping members arranged in said recesses, and means for rockably suppor.ing and radially adjusting said lapping members including radially adjustable pin members projecting into the bottom of said recesses and engaging the lapping members intermediate their ends and unattached to them.

17. In a lapping tool, a body formed with a longitudinal bore and radial apertures, radially adjustable hone guiding members carried by said body, adjustable blocks in said bore, and pin members in said apertures engaging said guiding members intermediate the ends of said members and unattached to them, said pin members being Ill radially adjustable upon movement of said blocks.

18. In a lapping tool, a body formed with radial rece'sses and a bore, a pair of blocks in said bore, means for adjusting said blocks, hone guiding members in said recesses, and means for permitting alongi udinally rockable movement of said guiding members in said recesses including pin members supporting and unattached to said guiding members and slidable radially in said body by means of said blocks.

19. In a lapping tool, a body provided with a central longitudinal bore and radial recesses in the outer surface thereof, hone guiding members arranged in said recesses, radially adjustable pin members projecting into the bottom of said recesses for supporting said guiding members and unattached to them, and adjustable blocks in said bore engaging inclined surfaces on said pin mem bers for radially adjusting the same.

20. In a lapping tool, a body provided with a central longitudinal bore, radial recesses in the outer face thereof and radial apertures connecting said bore to said recesses, a threaded shaft in said bore, adjustable blocks on said shaft, pin members arranged in said apertures and provided with inclined surfaces engaging said blocks, said pin members extending into said recesses, and hone guiding members in said'recesses supported by and unattached to said pin members.

21. In a lapping tool, a body provided with a longitudinal bore and radial apertures communicating therewith, adjustable blocks within said bore, radially adjustable pins arranged in said apertures provided with inclined surfaces engaging said blocks, and hone guiding members slidably secured to said body in engagement with and unattached to said pins.

22. In a lapping tool, a body provided with a central longitudinal bore, hone guiding members arranged in recesses in the outer face of said body, radial apertures extending from said bore to said recesses, adjusable blocks arranged in said bore, and pin members arranged in said apertures engaging said blocks and projecting into said recesses for supporting said guiding members and unattached to them.

23. In a lapping tool, a body formed with a central longitudinal bore, recesses in the outer surface and radial apertures communicating with said recesses and bore, adjustable blocks in said bore, pin members in said apertures engaging said blocks and hone guiding members arranged in said recesses and engaging said pins intermediate the ends of said guiding members and unattached to them whereby a radial and rockable adjustment of said guiding members is permitted.

24. A grinding device comprising a body, a plurality of abrasive members movable laterally on said body, an expanding and contracting device mounted on said body, and intermediate shifting members guided on said body and engaging with said expanding and contracting device and said abrasive members and unattached to either of them.

25. A grinding device comprising a body, a plurality of abrasive members movable laterally on said body, an expanding andcontracting device mounted on said body, andintermediate shifting members guided on said body and engaging with said expanding and contracting device and said abrasive members and unattached to either of them and said abrasive members rockably engaging said shifting members.

26. A grinding device comprising a body, a plurality of abrasive members movable laterally on said body, an expanding and contracting device mounted on said body, and intermediate sets of longitudinally spaced shifting pins guided on said body and engaging with said expanding and contracting device and said abrasive members and unattached to either of them.

27. A grinding device comprising a body, a plurality of abrasive members movable laterally on said body, an expanding and contracting device mounted on said body, and shifting pins guided on said body and engaging with said expanding and. contracting device and said abrasive members and una tached to either of them.

23. In a grinding device, a head having a longitudinal aperture and aligned radial apertures opening thereinto, a control element comprising a pair of cam members in opposed spaced relation freely movably in said longitudinal aperture, pins slidable in said radial apertures, the inner ends of said pins engaging the respective cam members and an abrasive element the outer ends of which lie loosely in contact with said aligned pins.

29. In a .grinding device, a head having a longitudinal aperture and aligned radial aper- I a control element in said bore arranged for j adjustment of said abrading member, and spaced elements interposed between and unattached to said abrading member and said control element, and through the medium of which spaced elements an adjustment of said control element;

varies the position of said abrading member relative to the axis of the tool.

31. In a lapping tool, a shank, a tubular frame positioned upon said shank having spaced apertures therein, a cam member positioned within said tubular frame, pins slidably mounted within said apertures and engageable with said cam member and unattached thereto, a stone holder mounted upon said frame and having portions extending through said apertures rockably en- 1 gaging said pins and unattached to them, and means for positively moving said cam longitudinally of said frame for adjusting said stone holder radially.

32. In a lapping tool, a body provided with a radial recess in its outer surface, a lapping member in said recess, and means'for adjustably and rockably supporting said lapping member including radially adjustable pin members projecting into said recess, engaging said lapping member and unattached thereto.

33. In a lapping tool, a body formed with a longitudinal bore and radial apertures, a radially adjustable hone supporting member carried by said body, adjustable control members in said: bore, and pin members in said apertures engaging said hone supporting member intermediate its ends, said pin members being radially adjustable upon movement of said control members and unattached to them.

34. In a grinding device, a'head having a 1ongitudinal bore, a series of abrading members extending longitudinally of the head in circumferentially spaced relation and radially adjustable relative thereto, a control element in the said bore including a pair of oppositely disposed cones movable longitudinally of the bore in either direction as a unit, means interposed between each abrading element and the control element, said interposed means engaging the respective cones on the .one side and engaging the respective abrading element adjacent its opposite ends and being unattached to either the control element or the abrading element, the said interposed means providing a means for transmitting pressure to which the abrading elements are subjected in the grinding operation to the control element and in variable degree to the respective cones as the pressure on the opposite ends of the abrading element varies.

35. In a lapping tool, a body provided with a. central longitudinal bore, hone guiding members arranged in recesses in the outer face of said body, radial apertures extending from said bore to said recesses, adjustable blocks arranged in said bore and intermediate shifting members arranged in said apertures engaging said blocks and projecting into said recesses for supporting said guiding members.

36. In a lapping tool, a shank, a tubular frame.

38. A grinding device comprising a body, an abrasive member movable on said body, an expanding device mounted on said body, and intermediate shifting means engaging with said expanding device and said abrasive member and unattached to either of them.

39. A grinding device comprising a body, an abrasive member movable laterally on said body,

.an expanding and contracting device mounted on said body, and intermediate shifting means guided on said body and engaging with said expanding and contracting device and said abrasive member and unattached to either of them.

40. A grinding device comprising a body, an abrasive member movable on said body, an expanding device mounted on said body, intermediate shifting means engaging with said expanding device and said abrasive member and unattached to either of them, and said abrasive member rockably engaging said shifting means.

41. A grinding device comprising a body, an abrasive member movable on said body, an expanding device mounted on said body, intermediate shifting means engaging with said expanding device and said abrasive member and unattached to either of them, and spring means for holding the abrasive in contact with said intermediate means.

42. A grinding device comprising a body, an abrasive carrier movable laterally on said body, an expanding device movably mounted on said body, and intermediate shifting means floating on said body and engaging with said expanding device andsaid abrasive carrier and unattached to either of them.

43. In a lapping tool, a shank, a tubular frame mounted upon said shank and having an aperture therein, a cam member slidably mounted within said frame, a stone holder positioned upon said frame, and means slidably mounted in said aperture and engageable with said stone holder and said cam member.

MARSDEN c. HUTTO.

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