US2102053A - Grinding device - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 14,.1937. G. J. BATZER y 2,102,053

GRINI'JI'NG DEVICE Filed sept. 15, 195o 2 Sheets-smelt 1 SAL aff

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ORNEYS.

Dec.14,1937. (HEATER 2,102,053

GRINDING'DEVICE Filed Sept. l5, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Eil. @l i.

INVENTOR George 'J7 Erfizer Patented Dec. 14, 1937 *A UNITED -STATES Gamme nevica George J. Batzer,

Cleveland, Ohio, assigner to Micromatic Hone Corporation, a corporation of Michigan Application september-15, 1030, sei-iai No. 4s1,s93 3 Claims. (Cl. 51-184.3)

'Ihis invention relates to improvements in cylinder hones orlapping tools of the type commonly' employed for finishing the bores of 'engine cylinders 'or 'other objects, and has for an object to provide means whereby such bores may be accurately honed or nished.

Another object is to provide a tool of the type described of new and novel construction.

Another object is to provide `a tool of the type described in which means are provided for eliminating any inaccuracy in the work produced due to misalignment of the driving means with the axis of the borebeing worked upon.

Another object is to provide a tool of the type described in which the axis of the driving member and the axis oi' the body member maybe 4eccentric to -each other during a Agrinding or lappng operation. Another object is -to provide a tool of the'type described in'which the axes of the driving member and of the body member may be disposed at an angle with respect to each other without afiecting the proper operation of the tool.

Another object is to es of the driving memer may be either eccentric to ,each other or angularly disposed with respect to each other without ail? ting the proper voperations of the tool.

lFurther objects will be apparent in the following specification, reference being had to the acccmpanying drawings, in which like numerals refer-to like parts throughout the several differ- 4ent views.

, In the drawings-z Fig. '1 is a partially sectional view taken axially through my improved hone.

' Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the hone shcwn in Fig. 1, but viewed in -a directionninety degrees removed therefrom relative to its axis.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side elevation of the ripper end of the hone shown in Figs. 1 and, 2, taken in the same direction as in Fig.` 1 and 90 degrees removed from the view shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 isa sectional view taken on the line 4--4 oi? Fig. 1, illustrating the construction of one of the joint members through which thedrive is taken.

i Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 54-5,

of Fig. 1, illustrating the construction through another one of the joint members through which the drive is taken. l f

Fig. 6 is a `fragmentary sectional view taken axially through the central portion of a. device shown in the previous figures and illustrating provide aftool of the type f `described in Whichthe a berand of the body mem members 26 cooperate with each other the universal jointsv in the controlling means for the expanding cones.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line lu-1 'of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a sectional 8-8 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a sectional 9-9 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken on the line "1ul0 of Fig. 1, 10

Fig. 11 is a plan view of one of the abrasive members. l

Fig. 12 is a side elevation sive members.

The main features of the construction of the hone shown in the' accompanying drawings aresimilar in construction and operation with the hone disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States issued September 22, 1925, to 'Theodore Restel, and numered 1,554,760. 'I'he inventive features of the present device over that of the Restel construction, consist mainly inV the introduction of joints affording desired movement between the driving member and the body of the hone, but also .includes certain other features tending towards economy in manufacture and greater satisfaction in operation.

Referring first to the body end of the hone, it will be noted that it comprises a body portion 20 of octagonal section as best illustratedV in Figs. 8, 9and 10. 'I'he upper end of the body portion 20 is provided wit ,fan integral circular, externally threaded, extending portion 2|. The body 20 and portion 2i are provided withn internal bore 22 ofl constant diameter from the upper end of the portion 22 to adjacent the bottom of the body 20, the portion not bored out forming a stop wall 23 which will be referred to later. The body portion 2i) is radially slotted as at. 24 in four different places, eachninety degrees removed from the adjacent one, these slots being disposed centrally of the corresponding exterior face of the body V2i! and extend completely through the body.204 into the bore 22 for the full length of the'body portion 20.

Secured to the exterior faces of the body mein ber 20, between each of those i'aces which are slotted as at 24, by means of screws 2 5, or :other suitable means, is a member 26. These members 26 extend substantially the full length of the body member 20 and adjacent sides of adjacent to `form between them a groove 21 of a width equal to the width of the octagonal faceof the body member 20 disposed between them. v'I 'he outer faces 56 view taken on the line 5 view 4taken on the line of one of theabraof the members 26 are equally disposed at'all points on their surfaces from the center of the body member 28 to thus effect a generally cylindrical exterior contour to the body portion of the hone. Although I have shown these members 26 as formed separately from the body members and secured thereto by means ofv screws such as 25, it will be apparent that in the broader aspects of my invention the portions 26 may be formed integral with the body portion 28, but I desire to form them separately for the sake of economy in manufacture.

Radially slidably received within each of the grooves 21 is an abrasive or stone carrier 28 provided with an abrasive member or stone 28 set into itsexterior face for substantially the entire length thereof. Each carrier 28 has integrally formed thereon at one end a lug 30 and adjacent the other end another lug 3|, the lug 38 being provided' with an inclined face 32 at its inner edge and the lug 3| being provided with a similar, and similarly disposed, angular face 33. The - lugs 30 and 3| are of a width suitable for their radially slidable reception in the grooves 24, and are of sufficient depth to permit them to project into the bore 22.

Axially slidably received in 'the bore 22 of the body 20 and extension 2| Aare a pair, of members 35 and 36 having similarly disposed cone surfaces 31 and 38 respectively. The members 35 and 36 are rigidly connected together by a connecting portion 39. so as to insure equal movement of both members in the bore 22. The members 35 and 36 are spaced from each other a distance corresponding to the spacing of the lugs 30 and 3| and their cone surfaces 31 and 38 are adapted to engage the beveled surfaces 33 and 32 respectively of the lugs on the various stone carriers 28. It will thus be apparent that when the elements are positioned-as indicated in Fig. 1 and the cone element assembly is moved downwardly, or in the direction of the apexes of the cones, that engagement of the surfaces 31 and 38 with the beveled surfaces 33 and 32 on the lugs will force the stone carriers radially outwardly with respect to the body of the hone, and thereby increase the effective diameter of the grinding surface of the body.

The upper and outer corner of each lug 30 is also beveled as at 43, best shown in Figs. 1 and 12. Surrounding the upper end of the main body portion 2|) and slidable axially thereof is a ring 44 provided with a beveled face 45 complementary in angularity to the angularity of the beveled tact therewith. The ring 44 is resiliently urged into constant contact with .the beveled surfaces 43 of the lugs 30 in the vfollowing manner. A

. ring 46 is externally threaded on extension 2| immediately above the ring 44. 'Ihe ring 46 is provided with a plurality of blind apertures 41 opening onto the lower face thereof in alignment with the ring 44, and in each of these apertures 41 is positioned a spring pressed plunger 48, the projecting ends of which bear against the ring 44 and constantly urge it against the bevel faces' 45 and the lugs 30. The ring 44, under the pressure of the pins 48, therefore tends to hold the stone carriers in retracted positioni against the.

cone surfaces 31 and 38, and when thecone surfaces are moved upwardly, acts to force the stoneI carriers to recede radially inwardly a corresponding amount.

Extending upwardly from the upper cone member 36 is a hollow extension 50 Yprovided between portions 43 of the lugs 30, and adapted to conaioaot its ends with an axially elongated slot 5| passing diametrically through it. Through this slot a pin 52 extends and further projects outwardly through the axially elongated slots 88 which are diametrically disposed in the extensions 2|. Held under compression between the pin 52 and th'e bottom of the bore of the extension 58 is a coil spring 53. It will be apparent that when the pin 52 is in contact with the upper end of the slot 5| the spring 53 is confined between two iixed portions of the same member, and consequently `-can exertJ no pressure which would influence a change in the position of the member. However, in order to utilize the spring 53 as means for moving the cones 31 and 38 towards expanded position, a ring or collar 54 is threaded on the extension 2| and is adapted to bear against the ends of the pin 52 which project beyond the peripheral surface of the extension 2| as indicated best in Fig. 6. Thus by threading down the collar 54, thepin 52 may be moved downwardly in the slot 5| and the compressive force of the 'spring 53 thereby employed to urge the cone members 35 and 36'downward1y. Thev collar 54 is provided with a downwardly extending skirt portion 55 which encloses the ends of the pin 52 in order to maintain it against inadvertent displacement, as best shown in Fig. 6.

'I'he operation thus far described will be apparent andhbriey, is as follows. Considering the parts to be in the position indicated in Fig. 1,'

it will be noted that if the collar 54 is threaded downwardly on the extension 2| the pin 52 will be urged downwardly in the slot 5|, and if suflicient resistance is offered to expansion of the abrasive elements 28, the pin 52 will move down in the slot 5| and the compressive force of the spring 53 will be exerted to move the cones downwardly.v As the resistance to expansion of the abrasive elements 29 is relieved, as by removing metal of a bore being worked upon, the cone assembly will, in, 'moving downwardly, eventually bring the pin 52 again into contact with the upn per end of the. slot 5l, at which time no further lower end of the cone 31. and is apertured as atV` 51 to provide a knock-out opening.

In operating a tool Vof the type described itA will be apparent that means must be provided -for both rotating and reciprocating the tool, and means must be provided permitting a. retraction' of the cone in order to permit the body portion of the hone to be collapsed as an aid to its insertion inl or withdrawal from the bore being worked upon. The means for accomplishing thisv is as follows.

On the upper end of extension 2| is threaded a member 68 the upper end of which is provided with a diametrically extending upwardly projecting tongue 6|, bestv shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Resting upon the upper surface of the member 6|) is a member 62 provided with a diametrically disposed slot 63, best shown in Fig. 6, complementary to the tongue |i|` and receiving the latter therein. This thus forms a driving connection between 'the members 68 and 62 for transmitting rotational movement between them. Disposed over the member 62 is a member 64 and the members 62 and 64 are provided in their adjacent faces with complementary diametrically disposed semicylindrical grooves 65, in each end of which is received a metal ball 66 which maintains the vmembers 62 and 84 in slightly spaced relationship. These balls 66 thus provide, in conjunction with the grooves 65, a driving engagement between the members 62 and 64 for transmitting rotational movement between them. In holdingcylindrical slots 69 similar to the slots 65, but 90` degrees removed therefrom relative to the axes lof these members. Balls 18 are received inthe opposite ends of the cooperating grooves 69 to y eii'ectl a driving engagementbetween the mem- AEl responding axial movement between bers 64 and 68 as well as to permit a slight pivotal movement of the member .68 relative to the member 64 'about a line connecting the centers of the balls 18. As will also be apparent the members 64 and 68 are thus capable of bodily movement relative to each other in the direction of the grooves 69', and this movement combined with the similar relative movement between the members`62 and 64 elects a construction lequivalent to that obtained in. an Oldham coupling, permitting a driving effort .to be applied through these ,members although the axes oi the members 62 and 68 may be eccentric lto each other.v

The member 68 is further capable-` of a limited amount of universal movement relative to the member 62 for a purpose which is self-evident but will hereafter be more fully described.

The member 68 is provided with a tubular up`- ward extension 13 which is threaded internally into the bore of a partially tubular driving member 14, the upper end of which may be provided with a tang 15. permitting its engagement with the spindle of a drill press or ether machine tool. Asleeve member 16 encirc es the members 62, 64 and 68 and threadably engages the member 68 at its lower end. The upper` end of the sleeve 16 is inturned as at 11 so as to overlap the upper face oi 'the member 68, but terminates in freely spaced relation wwith respect to the extension 13, and a roll' of ball bearings 18is disposed between the. ilange 11 and the member .66, sufdcient clearance being left between the sleeve 16 andqthe members ,within the same at all points so as not tomaterially interfere with the universal and limited eccentric movement of the the member 62 as previously described. The sleeve 16 Vthus prevents substantial axial dis' placement of the members 62, 64 and 68 and of the balls 66 and A18`ir1 order to maintain them in rotatable driving engagement, and at the same time prevents axial displacement of the member 68 relative to the member 68 so as to insure corthe driving memberv 14 and the body of the hone.

As previously `described and as best illustrated in Fig. 6, the extension u2| is provided at opposite sides and in diametrically opposed relationship with axially parallel slots 88 in which the ends of the pins 52 are received, and guided in their movement relative to the yextension 58 and the may move bodily relative to" of a conventional construction' the various elements of tion illustrated in Fig. 1,withvthe pin 52 conf member 68 relative to cone assembly. A second pin 6| projecting diametrically through the extension 58, but ilxed against relative axial movement therein, projects at each end into the grooves 88 in order to insure the extension 58 turning with the extension 2| at all times and to prevent any possible binding of the pin 62' in the slots 5| and 80. Projecting through the extension 58 above the pin 8| is a pin 82, the entire length of winch is disposed within the periphery of the extension 58. Engaged over the pin 82 within the bore of the extension 58' is a sphericalend 83 of a rod `84 which extends therefrom up into the bore 85 of the driving member 14. 'I'he opening 86 in the ball 83 is of larger diameter at its outer ends than at its center, as indicated in Fig 6, in order to permit a limited amount of universal movement of rod 84 with respect to the member 58,

the amount being suflcient to permit the rod 84- to swivel to accommodate itself to any universal movement of the members in the driving connection between the driving member 14 and the extension 2|. Suilicient clearance is also provided in the bores-of the members through which the'rod '84 extends so as not to restrict the possible eccentric movement between the driving member 14 and the body of the hone as provided for'by the elements within the sleeve 16;

The upper end of the rod 841s provided with aneye 88 in'wh'ich is rotatably received the pin 89 which extends diametrically withfrespect to the driving member 'i4 and the ends of which project outwardly beyond the periphery of the driving member 14 through diametrically dis' posed axially parallel slots 98 in the `driving member 14. Outside of the driving member 14 a member 9| having cam faces 92 and 93 is se'- cured against relative rotation to each end of lthe pin 89, and each member 9| is provided with a manually. operable handle portion 94. As best indicated in Fig 3, the cam face 92 is positioned at a less distance from the center of the pin 89 than the cam face 93. The driving member 14 adjacent the slot 98 is externally threaded as at 95 and threaded ori the portion 95 is a ring' member 86 against which the cam faces 92 and 93 are adapted to beardepending upon the pivotal position"of the member 8|L It will be apparent from the foregoing that the pin 89 passing through the driving member 14 is maintained at a xed distance with respect to the extension 58 of the cone assembly. Iwf, therefore,

the hone `are in-thepositacting against the upper end of the slot 5|, and with `the 'ring 96 threadedup into contact with the cam face 92 of the member 9|, and the handies 94 then operated to bring the cam faces 93 into contact with the ppper face of the ring 96,

the pin 89 will be moved upwardly relative to the upper face of the ring 96 and, acting through the v rod 84, will move'the cone assembly upwardly in the bore of the extension 2| against the resistance of the spring 53, and will thus permit the effective diameter of the abrasive elements 29 to be decreased a corresponding amount. Likewise, it 'will be apparent vthat by suitable positioning the collar 98 on the driving member 14, it may be employed as amadjustable stop for determining the expansive movement'of the cone assembly, as it may,be 'so posltionedthat the cam surface 92 may be caused to bear against the collar 96 before the pin 52 reaches the upp'er end of the slot 5l during expansive movement of the device. In operation, the tang 15. is suitably secured l within a machine tool, as for instance a drill press, and the article, not shown, whose bore is to be worked upon, is aligned as closely as is conveniently possible with the axis of the driving member 14.A Should there be any slight misits insertion into the bore to be worked upon.

lThis' may necessitate not only threading the ring 454 upwardly on the extension 2| of the body member 20 so as to permit the proper vertical or retracting movement of the cone assembly, but may also include threading the ring 96 upwardly on'the driving member 14 so as to permit the compression of the spring 53 regardless .of the position ofthe cone assembly in the bore of the body member. The hone being inserted in the bore is then -rotated and caused to reciprocate, the collar 54 being' threaded downwardly at intervals and the diameter of the bore being tested at intervals until the required bore is obtained. If, now, a number of other bores of the same diameter are to be machined, the handles 94 are. positioned as indicated in Fig. 3 and the collar or ring 96 threaded upwardly until it lightly but firmly engages the cam surfaces 92. The handles 94 are then rotated to bring the surfaces 93 into contact with the ring 96 and, as previously described, 'this causes an upward movement of the cone assembly and corresponding compression of the spring 53, and permits the effective diameter of the abrasive elements 29 to be decreased under the collapsing action of the ring 44, or otherwise. The amount which the effective di# ameter of the hone is thus decreased will then permit the hone to be inserted in the next bore to be machined, and the handles 94 -rnay then be returned to the position indicated in Fig. 3,

which thus frees the cone assembly from itsI -restraint and leaves the spring 53 in condition to again urge the cone assembly downwardly so as to cause the effective diameter of abrasive elernents 29 to be increased. In this case,

however, in view of the fact that the desired position of the collar 54, or of the collar 96, as the case may be, which determines the effective diameter of the bore which will be machined, has already been predetermined for the particular size of the bore, and therefore as soon as the spring 53 has moved the cone assembly far enough to bring the pin 52 into contact with the upper ends of slot il, or the cam face 92 into engagement with the collar 96, depending upon which is being employed as the limiting factor, it will be assured that the resulting diameter of the bore being worked upon isA exactly the same as that previously provided, minus, of course, the small amount of wear which may have occurred in the abrasive elements 29 during the operation. This last amount of error will be relatively negligible in each case and may be corrected in each case by giving the collar 54 or the collar 96, as the case may be, a slight turn in a downward direction in passing from one bore to another in order to compensate for the wear of the stones 29.

Formal changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the invention described without departing from the spirit or substance ofy the broad invention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In an abrading tool having an abradlng head, provided with an abrading element radially adjustable therein; a drive element connected to said head for universal movement with respect thereto; an adjusting member located remotely from said head;- a loading spring for urging said abrading element radially of said head; a universal joint; and means forming an `voperative connection between said labrading element and said member through said spring and said joint. e

2. In an abrading tool having an abrading head, provided with an abrading element radially adjustable therein; a tubular drive element connected to said .head for universal movement with respect thereto; an adjusting member located remotely from said headya loading spring for urging said abrading element radially of lsaid head and positioned within said drive element; a universal joint positioned within said drive element; and means in said drive element and forming an operative connection between said member and said abrading element through said spring and said joint.

3. In an abrading tool having an abrading element and a control element therefor, the combination in a universal joint for connecting said elements, of first and second pairs of balls, the control element having a groove to receive the balls of .one pair and the abrading element being grooved to receive the other element, and additional grooved means connected between the balls of the respective pairs.

GEORGE J. BATZlElR.v

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