US1885261A - Stencil sheet - Google Patents
Stencil sheet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1885261A US1885261A US56954731A US1885261A US 1885261 A US1885261 A US 1885261A US 56954731 A US56954731 A US 56954731A US 1885261 A US1885261 A US 1885261A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stencil sheet
- montan wax
- wax
- sheet
- stencil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012184 mineral wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004203 carnauba wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013869 carnauba wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012185 ceresin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000287 crude extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 ethylene glycol ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012182 japan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
- B41N1/24—Stencils; Stencil materials; Carriers therefor
- B41N1/243—Stencils; Stencil materials; Carriers therefor characterised by the ink pervious sheet, e.g. yoshino paper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249962—Void-containing component has a continuous matrix of fibers only [e.g., porous paper, etc.]
- Y10T428/249963—And a force disintegratable component [e.g., stencil sheet, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31801—Of wax or waxy material
- Y10T428/31804—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31808—Cellulosic is paper
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in stencil sheets for use in duplicating manuscript and typewritten documents, drawings and the like, consisting of a sheet of fibrous material having a coating which is impermeable to ink and being adapted to be stencilized by the pressure of a hand stylus or by the impact of the type of a writing machine.
- Such stencil sheets have been commonly formed in a sheetcomprising a thin sheet or paper and a coating of waxy material, adhering to the support.
- the waxy ma-' terials now used for stencil purpose are almost wholly composed of paraflin, which is usually compounded with other mineral and vegetable waxes, such as ceresin wax, montan wax, carnauba wax,japan wax, and a shortening material, such as tallow, lard and other fatty oils.
- the waxy stencil sheet is fragile and liable to injury by wrinkling or bending. Consequently, the ink penetrates the paper along the lines of breakage, thus producing inferior or useless results.
- the main object of the present invention is to increase the durability and efiiciency of the wax stencil sheet in an'inexpensive manner.
- the stencil sheet according to the present invention comprises a thin sheet of paper
- Montan waxis obtained from lignite, the organic matter present insoft coal, by extraction with petroleum spirit.
- the crude extract is refined by steam distillation in vacuo, or
- oxidizing agents such as chlorine or chromic acid
- the refined product is white or pale yellow in color, and has a fibrous structure.
- ,It consists chiefly of free fatty acids of high molecular weight e. g. montanic acids, associated with unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- bleached montan wax, or oxidation products are esterified alone or in admixture with resins,
- water or high-boiling solvents such as naphthalene, which are subsequently removed, with polyhydric alcohols, such, for example, as ethylene glycol or glycerin.
- the esterification may take place simultaneously with the production of a waxy sub-. stance of desired hardness. Accelerators, such as anhydrous zinc chloride or hydrochloric acid, may be used.
- the waxy product 1 s astiif and hard substance of smooth fracture, having a high melting point. The prodnot is also very stable and free from impurities, as compared with natural Waxes, and is miscible with paraflin, or other mineral waxes.
- the coating of thestencil sheet according tothe present invention comprising mainly I mmeral waxes and the esterified montan wax montanic acids, is tough and strong, anddoes not crack in handling. It is durable for a long period of time and there may be produced thereon a clear writing by the pressure of an ordinary hand writing stylus, or by the impact of the type of a writing machine.
- the 7 proportions of the ingredients may vary according to several circumstances.
- a suitable composition the following may be given 30 parts of an esterified montan wax, such 8 as ethylene glycol ester,'is added to 70 parts of paraflin wax having a melting point 135 F., and the mixture is melted together on applying heat and, when the mixture is suitably melted, the paper base, such as Japanese 35 strong tissue paper, is coated with it in well known manner.
- a quantity of other hardening or softening materials such as fatty oils, fats, waxes and may be added to the above coating composition.
- a stencil sheet adapted to be stencilized by pressure comprising a base of thin tissue paper coated with a mixture of mineral waxes and an esterification product of blelached montan wax and polyhydric alcoho s.
- a stencil sheet adapted to be stencilized by pressure comprising a base of thin tissue paper coated with a mixture of parafiin and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and polyhydric alcohols.
- the method of producing a stencil sheet 1 comprising applying a molten mixture of mineral waxes and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and polyhydric alcohols to a base of thin tissue paper.
- the method of producing a stencil sheet comprising applying a molten mixture of parafiin and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and'polyhydric alcohols to a base of thin tissue paper.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 1, 1932 UNITED STATES SHINJ'IBO HOBII, OF KANDA-KU, TOKYO, JAPAN s'rnnon. SHEET.
No Drawing.
My invention relates to improvements in stencil sheets for use in duplicating manuscript and typewritten documents, drawings and the like, consisting of a sheet of fibrous material having a coating which is impermeable to ink and being adapted to be stencilized by the pressure of a hand stylus or by the impact of the type of a writing machine. i
Heretofore, such stencil sheets have been commonly formed in a sheetcomprising a thin sheet or paper and a coating of waxy material, adhering to the support. The waxy ma-' terials now used for stencil purpose are almost wholly composed of paraflin, which is usually compounded with other mineral and vegetable waxes, such as ceresin wax, montan wax, carnauba wax,japan wax, and a shortening material, such as tallow, lard and other fatty oils.
The waxy stencil sheet, however, is fragile and liable to injury by wrinkling or bending. Consequently, the ink penetrates the paper along the lines of breakage, thus producing inferior or useless results. The main object of the present invention is to increase the durability and efiiciency of the wax stencil sheet in an'inexpensive manner.
' The stencil sheet according to the present invention comprises a thin sheet of paper,
such as Japanese thin tissue paper, or yoshino paper, coated with a molten waxy coating material prepared by combining paraflin, or othermineral waxes, together with a substance produced by esterification of polyhydric alcohols with bleached montan wax,
or montanic acids.
Montan waxis obtained from lignite, the organic matter present insoft coal, by extraction with petroleum spirit. The crude extract is refined by steam distillation in vacuo, or
by treatment with oxidizing agents, such as chlorine or chromic acid, in the presence of sulphuric or nitric acidq,
The refined product is white or pale yellow in color, and has a fibrous structure. ,It consists chiefly of free fatty acids of high molecular weight e. g. montanic acids, associated with unsaturated hydrocarbons. The
bleached montan wax, or oxidation products, are esterified alone or in admixture with resins,
Application filed October 17, 1931. Serial No. 569,547.
water or high-boiling solvents, such as naphthalene, which are subsequently removed, with polyhydric alcohols, such, for example, as ethylene glycol or glycerin.
The esterification may take place simultaneously with the production of a waxy sub-. stance of desired hardness. Accelerators, such as anhydrous zinc chloride or hydrochloric acid, may be used. The waxy product 1s astiif and hard substance of smooth fracture, having a high melting point. The prodnot is also very stable and free from impurities, as compared with natural Waxes, and is miscible with paraflin, or other mineral waxes.
The coating of thestencil sheet according tothe present invention, comprising mainly I mmeral waxes and the esterified montan wax montanic acids, is tough and strong, anddoes not crack in handling. It is durable for a long period of time and there may be produced thereon a clear writing by the pressure of an ordinary hand writing stylus, or by the impact of the type of a writing machine.
In the carrying out of the invention'the 7 proportions of the ingredients may vary according to several circumstances. As an example of a suitable composition, the following may be given 30 parts of an esterified montan wax, such 8 as ethylene glycol ester,'is added to 70 parts of paraflin wax having a melting point 135 F., and the mixture is melted together on applying heat and, when the mixture is suitably melted, the paper base, such as Japanese 35 strong tissue paper, is coated with it in well known manner. Also, if desired, a quantity of other hardening or softening materials, such as fatty oils, fats, waxes and may be added to the above coating composition.
\Vhat I claim is 1. A stencil sheet adapted to be stencilized by pressure, comprising a base of thin tissue paper coated with a mixture of mineral waxes and an esterification product of blelached montan wax and polyhydric alcoho s.
2. A stencil sheet adapted to be stencilized by pressure, comprising a base of thin tissue paper coated with a mixture of parafiin and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and polyhydric alcohols.
3. A stencil sheet adapted to be stencilized 5 by pressure, com rising a base of thin tissue paper coated wit a mixture of paraffin and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and ethylene glycol.
4. The method of producing a stencil sheet 1 comprising applying a molten mixture of mineral waxes and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and polyhydric alcohols to a base of thin tissue paper.
5. The method of producing a stencil sheet comprising applying a molten mixture of parafiin and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and'polyhydric alcohols to a base of thin tissue paper.
6. The method of producing a stencil sheet comprising applying a molten mixture of araflin and an esterification product of bleached montan wax and ethylene glycol to a base of thin tissue paper.
In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. v SHINJIRO HORII.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56954731 US1885261A (en) | 1931-10-17 | 1931-10-17 | Stencil sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56954731 US1885261A (en) | 1931-10-17 | 1931-10-17 | Stencil sheet |
| GB2486332A GB391016A (en) | 1932-09-06 | 1932-09-06 | Improvements in or relating to stencil sheets |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1885261A true US1885261A (en) | 1932-11-01 |
Family
ID=26257340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56954731 Expired - Lifetime US1885261A (en) | 1931-10-17 | 1931-10-17 | Stencil sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1885261A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4444808A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1984-04-24 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Stencil paper for mimeography and process for making stencil |
-
1931
- 1931-10-17 US US56954731 patent/US1885261A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4444808A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1984-04-24 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Stencil paper for mimeography and process for making stencil |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2546328A (en) | Carnauba wax substitute | |
| US1885261A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| US2346969A (en) | Printing ink | |
| GB429548A (en) | A process for the manufacture of bituminous road oils | |
| US2371473A (en) | Wax composition | |
| GB456820A (en) | Improvements in adhesive and water-proofing compositions and the use thereof | |
| US2320644A (en) | Wax composition | |
| US1830980A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| US2164494A (en) | Oil, grease, and hydrocarbon resistant material | |
| US2216257A (en) | Process of breaking mineral oil emulsions | |
| US2287901A (en) | Production of improved oils for lubricating purposes | |
| US2322097A (en) | Catalytic hydrogenation of aliphatic carboxylic acid anhydrides | |
| US1393142A (en) | Transfer-paper and ink therefor | |
| US1863264A (en) | Compositions containing nitrocellulose | |
| US1679034A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| US1293983A (en) | Stencil-paper and compounds and method for making them. | |
| US1729072A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| US2247349A (en) | Bright copy hectograph duplication | |
| US2020998A (en) | New composition of matter | |
| US1792095A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| USRE17267E (en) | Shinjieo horn | |
| US2299306A (en) | Paraffin wax composition and method of producing same | |
| US2208980A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| US1664033A (en) | Stencil sheet | |
| US2363034A (en) | Composition of matter |