US1882332A - Steam generating installation - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 11, 1932.

-J. D. MATTIMORE STEAM GENERATING INSTALLATION 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 11, 1929 9 w wm I m u t m 7 .11 a 3 \m l x 2 H E 2 6 W x Q N J Z I! 0 H p U n L #2 a ",1

INVENTOR J. W BY Z ATTORNEY$ Oct. 11, 1932. J. D. MATTIMORE STEAM GENERATING INSTALLATION Filed Oct. 11, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 00INVENTOR 4 55* ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 11, 1932 UN I TED ES PATENT oFFlcE f JOHN D; MATTIMORE, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 INTERNATIONAL COM- BUSTION ENGINEERING GORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE STEAM GENERATING INSTALLATION Application filed October 11,.1929.. Serial No. 398,861.

This invention relates to steam generating installations and in particularisconcerned with the provision of' an improved boiler having its parts. so constructed and arranged: as to be especially advantageousin providing; an effective, high capacity, and relatively small steam generating installation. a It is an object. ofmy invention to provide a compact boiler having a steam and water drum and a bank of boiler tubes soarranged as to provide ample spacefor the location. of such elements as economizers and steam heaters within the confines of the main boiler elements.

Another object of my invention is to pro.- vide a double steam generatoremploying two boilers of the above character arranged over a common combustion chamber; The boiler of my invention enables the location of a pair of boilers including economizers andv steam heaters, such, for example, as reheaters and superheaters, over a common combustion chamber of adequatesize for the boilers without having the boilers or associated devices extend beyond the walls of the combustion chamber as would be the case if a pair of boilers of ordinary construction were employed in which no provision is made for locating the economizers and steam heaters within the confines of the boiler elements, and, therefore it is an object of my'invention to provide a simple and compact-double steam generator.

Another object of my invention resides: in an improved arrangement of upcomertubes for steam evaporating surfaceslocated in the furnace.

Other novel features contemplated by me and the advantages to be derived therefrom will be more particularly set forth hereinafter.

How the foregoing, together with such other objects and advantages as may hereinafter appear, or are incident to my invention, are realized is illustrated in preferred form in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Fig- 1 is a vertical section through a steam generating installation embodying my lILVBl'lF tion and employing a pair of boilers Q0112- structed in accordance with the. preferred form of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectionil lustrating a modified arrangement.

Fig. 3 is afragmentary sectional elevation of another modification, and; I

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view illustrating a. modified. arrangement of upcomers for the tubular furnace. walls.v i

Referring to the drawings more par.- ticularly to- Fig. 1, the steam generating in;- stallation illustrated. therein. comprises in general, a combustion chamber A, anda pair of boilers B located there-above. Fuel; such as pulverized coal, may be introducedinto the combustion chamber in. any: well, known manner, as,.for example, by means of burner devices allocated in the lower portion. of the chamber at the corners.

The combustion chamber A is; preferably provided with steam evaporatingstn'faces, and. in this instance, I haveshown arow of upright boiler tubes 5 liningv one end wall 6. and a row'ofupright boile-rtubes 7 lining the opposite end wall 8. vThe side. walls 9 may also be lined with: boiler tubes. The

tubes of the rows may be connected at their 11 respectively- In the lower portion of the upper and lower ends into headers 10f,and

combustion chamber I have. provided. rows of inclined tubes 12,. the tubes ofwhich connect at their upper ends into the headers 11 and at their lower ends into a header or small drum .13 which is located centrally of the bottomlportion of the combustion chamber. The tubes of the rows 12 are spaced a suflicient distance apart to permit gravitating ash particles.- to fall freely into the ashpits' 1 4 located'therebelow, and it will be seen that the tubes ofone rowcross the tubes ofthe. other'row at a point of their length.

provided into which the ends of thetubes v midway between the end walls of the chamber and then loop downwardly for connection into the header 13. Downcomers 15 lead from the water spaces of the upper cross drums at of the boilers B to the header 13 to supply water thereto. Upcomers 16 lead from the upper headers 10 of the water walls 5 and 7 to the boiler and the preferred arrangement ofv these upcomers will be described hereinafter.

Each boiler B includes an upper steam and water or cross drum a, and a bank of boiler tubes 1), the tubes of which are bent and c2:- tend substantially horizontally for a port-ion of their length and upright for the remainder Header means 0 and (Z are of the bank are connected.

In this instance the lower header means 0' comprise a plurality of vertically disposed headers, one for each vertical row of tubes of the bank I), which headers are located well below the level of the cross drum a and the upper header means at comprise a plurality of similar headers which are horizontally disposed and located well to one side of the cross drum a. The lower portion 6 of the bank Z) inclines upwardly somewhat from the header means 0 and the other portion f extends vertically upward from the bent portionto the upper header means d. I

A plurality of downcomer tubes 9 connect the header means 0 with the drum a and a plurality of upcomer tubes 7i and 2' connect the header means d with the drum co, the tubes h largely servingto carry water from theheaders (Z into the drum and the tubes 2' largely acting to deliver steam into the drum.

Wall sheathing may be provided at 7' and roof sheathing at 70. i

From the foregoing it will be, seen that the arrangement of the boiler is such that a very large space 36 is provided which is bounded at the bottom and one end by the bank of tubes b and at the top and other end by theupcomer and downcomer tubes and'their sheathing. v

In the space'86 thus provided I locate devices such as economizers and steam heaters, and in the particular installation shown in Fig. 1 I have located an economizer 17 and a steam reheater 18 in the space. i

The economizer 17 comprises a lower water drum 19 and a plurality of rows of bent tubes 20 connected at their lower ends into the drum 19 and at their'upper ends into the water space of the steam and water drum or of the boiler. Feed water is led into the drum 19 by means of a pipe or pipes 21.

The reheater 18 may be of any well known construction, for example, one having vertical heater elementsfand outside headers.

A superheater 22 may be located in the .boiler so that the elements thereof are between the tubes of the convection bank Z) and in the upright portion of the bank. The elements of the superheater may extend at right angles to the tubes of the bank with the headers outside of the side walls of the installation as indicated in Fig. 1, or the elements may extend parallel with the tubes of the bank with the headers above the roof of the installation as indicated at 22a in Fig. 3.

I propose to place bafiling 23 on the top row of tubes of the convection bank, i. e., on the row facing the space 86, thus giving a gradual restriction of gases and thereby increas ing the effectiveness of the convection surface. In some instances it may be desirable.

to arrange the battling to give more than one pass of the gases through the convection surface or under other conditions it may be desirable to omit the baflling entirely. Other baffling may be pro-vided in the installation,

as, for example, the cross baflles 24:, 25 and 26,.the upright baffle 27 on the tubes of the economizer and the baflling or shielding 28 around the drum 19 of the economizer.

In a double steam generator such as shown in Fig. 1 the pair of boilers are positioned so that the upright portions 7 of the convection banks are in juxtaposition, and, therefore, the lower inclined portions of the banks and the battles 23 constitute arch portions for the combustion chamber, and the upright portions of the baffles 23 provide a central outlet or throat '29for the combustion chamber through which the upright portions of the banks extend.

The products of combustion pass upwardly through the throat 29 into the spaces 16 and out through the offtake 30, the products ofcombustion taking a tortuous path through the spaces due to the bafiling provided therein.

From the foregoingit will be seen that I have provided an arrangement whereby. the overall dimension of the boiler from end to end, as well as the height of the boiler, may be considerably reduced over standard practice while still employing ample convection surface, steam heater devices, and economizers in the boiler, this being made possible through my novel form of boiler with steam heater and economizer devices located within the confinesof the main boiler parts. The compactness of the boiler enables me to locate a high capacity boiler over a combustion chamber, without having a portion of the boiler overhang the combustion chamber. Furthermore, by locating the steam heater and economizer devices within the confines of the main boiler parts, protection of these devices against high heat is afforded, this being particularly desirable insofar as the economizer is concerned and in connection with which it is pointed out that the water drum 19 is very well protected, not only by the baffling 23 and 27, but also by the con vection bank I).

igssassz The steam heating'and economizer devices lower the temperature of the gases of coinbustion to allowable exit temperatures, and in doingso usefully absorb the" heat. The temperature of the gases may befurther lowered by locating an air heater in the: oiltake or stack of the installation. 7

The arrangement provides for ready aecessibil ityfor the removal and replacement of tubes as they may be removed: and replaced from the inside, and, therefore, it is unnecessary to provide large spaces: at the ends of the installation as would be the case if the tubes had to be removed through the headers;

While I have shown the header means and located on: the vertical and horizontal center lines, respectively, of the upper drum a, it is to be understood that they may be located to one side or'the other of the center l'ines as desired". Alsotheheaders, instead. of being respectively vertical and horizontal; may be inclined, and',.if desired, the vertical portion of the bank of'tubes b may be inclined. Thus the amount and arrangement of convection surface may be altered to. suit any particular requirement. Furthermore, the temperature of the gases entering the space 16 may be varied to suit special conditions by using various numbers ofbent tubes in the bank and by locating the headers to provide tubes of a length best suited to the conditions.

Reverting now to the upcomers 16 I have illustrated a preferred arrangement thereof in Fig. 1, in which the upcomers comprise a row of spaced bent tubes having a portion 31' located in the upper portion of the combustion chamber and spaced below the portion 6 of the bank of tubes 7). The portion 31 of the tubes is inclined upwardly from the headers 10 to the upper central portion of the chamber, at which point the tubes bend and extend vertically upward in grouped relation with the tubes of the up right portion f of the bank of convection tubes. The tubes 16 preferably deliver into the steam space of the drums at by means of pipes 32 to which the tubes are connected. In this instance the tubes 16' pass through the upper header means d for connection with the pipes 3:2.

In Fig: 4 I have illustrated a modification in which the upcomer tubes 16-areconnected at their upper ends into a" common header 16a; A plurality of pipesl ti'liconnect the header 16ato the upper drums a, the points of connection into the drums being above the water level in the drums so that delivery from the tubular furnace walls isinto the steam space of the drums.

In the modification illustrated in Fig; 2' a superheater 33 and a reheater 34 are located in the space 36 and an economizer 35 and air heater 36 are located in the conduit 37 lead-ingto the staclrI Suitable bafiles are provided to control thefiow of the gases from the combustionchamber to: the ofitake 30.

I prefer to arrange the boiler SGllllltltlhQl'Q isa space'between the portions f of the banks as shown, this, among other things, serving topermitsome of the gases of combustion to sweep over the superheater elements at a temperature which is .higher than would otherwise be the case.

The installation may be referred to as a double boiler installation. employing two single: passb oilers arranged in juxtaposition with a common gas .pass from which the gases pass transversely through the upper portion. of the boiler tubes. That is to say, although the banks of boiler tubes 6 of each boiler unit have a substantially horizontal portion and an upright portion the arrangement'is such that the gases pass thereover in a: single pass with the outlets forthe gases atthe upper side portions of the upright portions of the bank. After having passed over the tubes of the banks bthe gases encounter first the reheater devices and next the economizers;

The arrangement also provides for a constant decrease in the gas passage area through the boiler proper at the same time that; the gas Volume is decreasing due tothe cooling efi'ect of theboiler surfaces.

While I have described an installation employing two boilers, it is to be understood that many advantages maybe obtained when employing my novel boiler in a single boiler installation.

I claim 2- 1'. A boiler including an upper cross drum, substantially vertical header means located below the: level of said drum, substantially horizontal upper headermea-ns located to one side of and in the same horizontal plane as said drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes the tubes of'which extend substantially horizonan for a portion of their length and upright for the remainder of: theirlength, said tubes being connected at one end into the lower header means and at their'other ends into the upper header means, tubes connecting the lower header means with the upper cross drum, substantially horizontal tubes connecting the upper header means with the upper cross drum, and an economizer located within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts, said 'economizer including a water drum and water tubes connecting the water drum, with; the aforesaid cross drum.

2. Aboiler including an upper cross drum substantially vertical header meanslocated below the level of said drum, substantially horizontal upper header means located to one side of and in the same horizontal plane as said drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes the tubes. 055- which extend substantially horizon tally for a POI-ClOIIOI their length and upright for the remainder of their length, said tubes being connected at one end into the lower header means and'at their other end into the upper header means, tubesconnecting the lower header means with the upper cross drum, tubes connecting the upper header means with the upper cross drum, *economizer means and steam heating means located within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts and generally between said drum and said bank of tubes, an outlet for the exit of gases of combustion, and baffle means for said boiler providing passages for the gases over and among the tubes of said bank, over and among the elements of said steam heating means and over and among the elements of said economizer to said outlet.

8. A boiler including an upper cross drum, header means located below the level of said drum, upper header means located to one side of said drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes the tubes of which extend substantially horizontally for a portion of their length and upright for th remainder of their length, said tubes being connected at one end into the lower header means and at their other end into the upper header means, tubes connecting the lower header means with the upper cross drum, tubes connecting the upper header means with the upper cross drum, a superheater having its heating elements interspersed with the tubes of said bank of tubes at the upright portion thereof, and a reheater and economizer located within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts.

4. A steam generating installation comprising, in combination, a boiler including an upper cross drum, header means located below the level of said drum, upper header means located to one side of said drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes the tubes of which extend substantially horizontally for a portion of their length, said tubes being connected at one end into the lower header means and at their other end into the upper header means, tubes connecting the lower header means with the cross drum, tubes connecting the upper header means with the cross drum, and heat absorbing devices located within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts; a combustion chamber below said boiler; steam evaporating tubes in said combustion chamber; downcomer means for supplying water to said steam evaporating tubes from the boiler; and upcomer means leading from said steam evaporating tubes to the boiler, said upcomer means comprising bent tubes ex tending across the upper portion of the com bustion chamber for a portion of their length and extending upright for the remainder of their length in grouped relation with the upright portion of the tubes of the aforesaid bank of tubes. i

5. A boiler installation comprising, in combination, a pair of boilers; a common combustion chamber below said boilers; each boiler including an upper cross drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes extending substantially horizontally for a portion of their length and upright for the remainder of their length, said bank being spaced from, the drum with its horizontal portion constituting the bottom boundary of the boiler, upper and lower headers into which the tubes of the bank connect, downcomer means leading from the drum to the lower headers and upcomer means leading from the upper headers to the drum,- and heat absorbing devices located within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts; said boilers being mounted with the upright portions of their banks in juxtaposition and centrally of the upper portion of the installation; bafiiing on said banks of tubes providing arch portions and a central outlet for the products of combustion leaving the combustion chamber; and olftakes for the boilers.

6. A boiler installation comprising, in combination, a. pair of boilers; a common combustion chamber below said boilers; each boiler including an upper cross drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes extending substantially horizontally for a portion of their length and upright for the remainder of their length, said bank being spaced from the drum with its horizontal portion constituting the bottom boundary of the boiler and its upright portion constituting an end boundary of the boiler, upper and lower headers into which the tubes of the bank connect, It?

downcomer means leading from the drum to the lower headers and upcomer means lead ing from the upper headers to the drum, and heat absorbing devices located within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts; said boilers being mounted with the upright portions of their banks in juxtaposition and centrally of the upper portion of the installation; bafiiing onsaid banks of tubes providing arch portions and a central outlet for the products of combustion leaving the combustion chamber; offtakes for the boilers; and other baflling cooperating with the first mentioned baffling to provide'tortuous paths for the products of combustion in '1;

their passage from said central outlet to said oiftakes.

7. A boiler installation comprising, in combination, a pair of boilers; a common combustion chamber below said boilers; each boiler including an upper cross drum, a bank of bent boiler tubes extending substantially horizontally for a portion oftheir length and upright for the remainder of their length, said bank being spaced from the drum with its horizontal portion constituting the bottom boundary of the boiler and its upright portion constituting an'end boundary of the boiler, upper andlower headers into which the tubes of the bank connect, down.-

comer means leading from the drum to the lower headers and upcomer means leading from the upper headers to the drum, and heat absorbing devices located Within the confines of the aforesaid boiler parts; said boilers being mounted With the upright portions of their banks in juxtaposition and centrally of the upper portion 0t the installation; and baffling means on said banks of tubes making each of said banks of boiler tubes single pass with a common central gas passage having outlets at opposite sides thereof whereby the gases pass laterally from said common gas passage.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

JOHN D. MATTIMORE.

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