US1878133A - Steam generator - Google Patents

Description

' Sept. 20, 1932.

Figf- I. HARTER STEAM GENERATOR Original Filed April 16, L928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR JAM 62m BY J Z ATTORNEYJ Sept. 20, 1932. HARTER 1,878,133 STEAM GENERATOR Original Filed April 16, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR M ATTORNEY- Patented Sept. 20, 1932 ISAAC Burma, or NEW roux, N.

2., AssIeNon, BY iuEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO FULLER LEEIGH COMPANY, A coarom'rron or DELAWARE STEAM emfifimn Application filed April 16, 1928, Serial No. 270.199. "Renewed October 17, 1931.

This invention relates to a steam generator which utilizes gas from a gas producer as the fuel for generating steam. The invention will be understood from the description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through an illustrative embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a section on an enlarged scale along the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section, partly broken away, showing a modification; Fig.. 4 is a section on an enlarged scale along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; Fig.5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a section on an enlarged scale along the line 6-6 of Fig. 3; Fig. 7 is a vertical section through another modification, and Fig. 8 is a section on' an enlarged scale along the line 8-8 of Fig. 7. I

In the drawings, reference character 1 indicates the upper end of a revoluble gas producer of a well-known type. A gas seal 2 is provided between the upper end 1 of the gas producer and an extension 3 at the lower end of a boiler furnace.

A water tube boiler having a cross steam and water drum 4 is located above the furnace. Nipples 5 connect the water space of the steam and water drum 4 to downtake headers 6 which are, in turn, connected by nipples 7 to downtake headers 8. The lower ends of the headers 8 are connected by nipples 9 to a mud drum 10. A row of inclined tubes 11 extends from near the lower ends of the headers 8 to near the lower ends of uptake headers 12, and a bank of inclined tubes 13 shown as comprising five rows of tubes,

' extends from higher points on the headers 8 to near the upper ends of the headers 12, leaving a space between the row of tubes 11 and the bank 13 for a purpose to be described below. Nipples 14 connect the upper ends of the headers 12 to the lower ends of the headers 15. A bank of inclined tubes 16 connects the headers 6 to the headers and circulating tubes 17 near the roof connect the headers 15 to the steam space of the steam and water drum 4. The tubes 13- and 16 can be made much smaller than customary as the possibility of slagging taking place is minimized or entirely obviated. Suspension members 18 passing around the tubes 17 are connected to a fixed support 19.

- An interdeck superheater 20 is shown located between the banks of tubes 13 and 16 and may be connected to the steam space of the steam and water drumfl in the usual manner. A baflie 21 extends across the tubes 16 to form cross passes and may be supported from the support 22 to aid in supporting the tubes 16. baflie 21 extends from the headers 8 along the upper row of tubes in the bank 13 to the headers of the superheater 20. A I

baffle 23 extends from the roof across the tubes'16. Theproducts of combustion will thus be guided as indicated by the arrows across the tubes 11, 13 and 16 and finally pass out through the outlet 24 to the stack.

An air space 25 extends across the boiler above the lower ends of the tubes 11, the sides of this air space being defined by the headers 8 and a wall 26, the bottom of this air space being made of a baflle 26' and the top thereof being made of 'a portion of the baifie 21'.

Air conduits 27 which may be made of refractory material, extend from the air space 25 and rest upon the tubes 11. The conduits 27 have the upper ends closed and are provided with outlets 28 for the escape of air into the combustion space of theboiler. A screen 29 ofjporous refractory material is made up of plates extending between the conduits 27 and resting upon the tubes 11.

The operation is as follows: Producer gas from the producer passes into the furnace through the extension 3 and passes through the porous refractory screen 29 into the combustion space between the row of tubes 11 and the bank of tubes 13. Combustion air enters from the air space '25 through the c0nduits 27 and passes through the openings 28 into the combustion space where it mixes with the gas and combustiontakes place. The refractory tubes 27 will Withstand the high temperature and the refractory screen 29 becomes heated to such a temperature that any unburned tar-like products orv solid or heavy liquid hydrocarbons that are carried along with the gases will become cracked and the screen will also arrest any solid fuel parti- In the modification shown in Figs. 3 to 6,

i the screen 29 shown in Fig. 1 lying upon the tubes 11, is dispensed with and instead thereof, a refractory screen 30 supported u on refractory arches 31 is located near the ottom of. the furnace and produces the same result as above described in connection with the screen 29. The screen 30 is also made of reactory porous material to permit the gas to pass through and to arrest the solid particles and also cause the heavy hydrocarbons or tarlike products to be cracked.

In the modification shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the screen has lumps of refractory material laid on it and larger tubes are provided to sustain the weight. In this modification, a pipe 35 extends from the water space of the steam and water drum 4 to the header 36 on the outside of the furnace. A row of inclined tubes 37 extends from the header 36' through the furnace to a header 38 on the other side of the'furnace and a pipe 39 connects this header to the steam and water drum 4, so that the tubes 37 are connected to the water circulation system of the boiler.

Metal blocks 40 that are preferably welded to the upper side of the tubes 37 support the air conduits 42. An air manifold 41 is shown on the outside of the boiler, from which manifold the conduits 42 extend into the furnace and rest upon the metal blocks 40 on the tubes 37. The conduits 42 are provided with open- .ings 43 in their upper portions. Plates 44 screen, said conduits being supported by tubes of-said boiler.

2. In a steam generator, a water tube boiler having a furnace, a gas producer below said furnace and in open communication therewith, a screen of refractory material below tubes of said boiler through which the gas from said producer passes, and means eomprisin air conduits to introduce combustion air into said furnace above said screen, said conduits being supported by tubes connected to the water circu tem of said boiler.

3. In a steam generator, boiler having a furnace, a gas pro low said furnace and in open communication therewith, a screen of refractory material below the tubes of said boiler through which the gas from said producer passes, and means comprising air conduits to introduce combustion air into said furnace above said screen, said screen and said conduits being supported by tubes of said boiler.

- ISAAC HARTER.

that may be made of refractory material extend between the conduits 42 and rest upon the same, these plates being provided with perforations 45 for the gas to pass readily therethrough. Lumps of refractory material 46 are placed upon the plates 44 and conduits 42 to provide a layer of some thickness which will act as a screen similar to the other forms already described. The air admitted from the air ducts 42 will promote thorough combustion of the gases in the spaces between the refractory lumps.

By this invention, the gas from the producer that is used as fuel for the boiler is made clean. so that the trouble due to the tubes of the boiler slagging is very largely or entirely eliminated. A combustion space is provided in which the gas undergoes combustion as the air is mixed therewith and the hot products then pass over the boiler tubes.

I claim: 1. In a steam generator, a water tube boiler having a furnace, a gas producer below said furnace and in open communication therewith, a screen of refractory material below tubes of said boiler through which the gas from said producer passes, and means comprising air conduits to introduce combustion air into said furnace above said a water tube ducer ation sys-

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