US1739760A - Assigstox to the babcock - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 17, 1929. s JACOBUS 1,739,760

STEAM BOILER Filed May 21. 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet l 0 00900 OOOOOODOODOOOOO OOQOOOOOOOOOOOO g oeooooooooo ooo INVENTOR l i M ATTORNEY5 Dec. 17, 1929. D. s. JACOBUS STEAM BOILER Filed May 21, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR ATTORNEYS o o o 0 11 9 0 0 3 0 o o o o o 0 0 0 020 08 0 020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o o o o o o o Dec. 17, 1929. D. s. JACOBUS 1,739,760

STEAM BOILER Filed May 21, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 NIIIIIIU INVENT R La BY 2%MU M;

ATTORNEYS Patented Dee. 1?, i929 ITED STATES A'rar orator DAVID S. JACOBUS, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNGR TO THE BABCUCK 8:; XVILCOX COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A OORPOBATEON OF NEVJ JERSEY STEAM BOILER Application filed May 21,

My present invention relates to steam boilers of a type particularly adapted for very high pre sures. in order to provide for extremely high pressures, it is desirable to avoid 5 the large drums such as are ordinarily used in steam generators of large capacity, and to this end l have provided, in the illustrative embodiment of my invention, a boiler in which the usual steam and water drum has 19 been elimii ed and the necessary reserve water capaci ordinarily obtained by the use of such relatiely large diameter drums, is obtained by other means.

My invention will be best understood from the following description and the annexed drawings, in which 1 is a vertical longitudinal sec on of a boiler embodying my ention; 2 is a view from the right of h 1, with some of the parts broken away; Fig. 3 is a perspective of a detail; Fig. 4 is a front view of a portion of one of the headers, with p rt of the tubes broken away; Fig. 5 a section on t is line 55 01" Fig. 1, but on enlarged scale, and F 6 is a view similar to A snowing a modification.

' nce characters indicate like .i ral views.

In the ilhutrative embodiment shown in 1 and the upper portion of a furnace mber 10, s p led with hot gases from any -ed kind '0; fuel, has positioned over it am boiler of the horizontally inclined water tube type, in which a lower bank of tubes 11 is first contacted for substantially entire length by the upwardly moving these gases then passing over L a y superheater 12 and a secondary uperheater or reheater 13, thence over the t-hand end of an upper bank of water tubes and from thence around the upper end a battle 1? and down across the tubes 14,

o gas outlet 16, passing between nipples I in the downtalre headers, as will be more iul a described hereinafter, the gases g downward over the tubes of an headers i8 and 13, nippled together at 20, these bristles,

preferably having a curved 1924. Serial No. 714,787.

cross-section to give them the necessary strength and, in the preferred form, being flattened on one side, as shown best in Fig. 5, to permit the insertion of the tubes in the manner illustrated in that figure, the tubes in each bank being divided across the boiler into groups of three tubes each, with their ends entering into the headers 19 in the man ner shown in Fig. 5, so that the tubes of each row will be staggered relatively to the tubes in the rows above and below it, and that, while the headers 19 will be spaced apart a suilicient distance to permit tube to be witlr drawn between each pair of headers, nerertheless the tubes in each row may be uniformly spaced across the boiler. Each header will be provided with the usual handholes and handhole fittings to give cleaning access to the tubes.

The downtake headers are similar to the uptake headers just described and comprise, in the illustrative embodiment, a set of headers 21 and another set 22 connected by long nipples 23 spaced apart to permit the gases to flow between them to the gas outlet 16.

The primary superheater l2 and the secondary superheater or reheater 13 are provided with tubular headers, in the illustrative embodiment, and U-tubes, the headers being connected by baliling 120, which, with the superheater headers and the connected fins formed thereon as shown, form a b ii to direct the gases across the superhca er tubes to the li st pass across the upper bank of water tubes 14. The superheater tubes are supported on walls 24, 25 which serve to direct bllG gases more efiiciently across the superheater tubes, these walls resting on the upper row of tubes of the bank 11. Prefer" ably, in order to permit the weight of the superheater tubes t be distributed over con siderable number of rows oi tubes, 1 provide distance pieces 26, 26 beneath each of the walls 2i and 25 to tie several of the uppermost rows of the lower ban; of tubes together.

in the illustrative embodin'ient, the head ers l9 and 22 are carried up above the uppermost row oi tubes of the bani-1 14 to a relatively considerable distance, the upper ends oi? these headers being connected by a row of water tubes 27 on which rests root battle 28, this r001 battle being spaced from the top row of tubes 14 a sufficient distance to permit an easy turn for the gases passing over the top at the baflie 15.

Each of the headers 19 and 22 is provided with an extension piece or pipe extending for a considerable distance above the root balile 23,'the extension pieces 29 each being nippled at 30 to an uptake header 19 and each of the downtake extensions 31 being nippled at,32 to a downtake header 22. Preferably, these :f-ItQllE-llOHS 29 and 31 are circular in crossscction and of substantially the same area as the headers 19 and 22.

in the illustrative embodiment, a horizontal box 33 extends across the tops of the extensions 31, being nipplcd to each of such extensions at 34;. A row of steam circulating tubes 35 extends from each. uptake extension 29 to the horizontal box 33.

which leads a main steam pipe 38 to the intake header of the primary superheater 12.

The tube 33 and the box serve to equalize the steam p sure from side to side of the boiler, ti ereby preventing an undue difference in the water level in different parts of the boiler. The box 33 and the tube 33 are so ar anged that there is no longitudinal flow of the steam through them other than that necessary to effect the equalization. This is accoinpli:-;liod by making the nipples 36 come within the limits of a group of the horizontal circulating tubes 35 and opposite the inlet ends of the collector tubes 36. In the illustrated embodiment, I have shown a group oi? three circulating tubes 35 connecting each header 29 to the box 33. This makes it possible for the steam discharged from the top of each uptake water chamber 19 to flow directly to the steam collecting chamber 37 when steam is generated uniformly from side to sideoif the boiler.

in case steam is not generated uniformly from side to side, the cross box 33 and the equalizing tube 33 allow some of the steam to How from one point to the other along the width of the boiler so as to equalize the pressure between the diiterent parts of the boiler and prevent an undue difference of water level in the dil'lerent parts of the boiler.

In some cases, the box 33 may be omitted, in which case, the nipples 36 would connect directly into each section of the downtake water chamber, instead of indirectly through the box 33, as illustrated. I

The tube 33 may be drained by tubes 13 leading to the water storage tubes 41, here inafter referred to.

Feed water is supplied, in the illustrative embod ment, through a horizontal header 39 to nipples 10, which, in turn, are connected to the downtake extensions 31.

It will be noted that in the boiler as thus described, the steam generated will be carried up through the uptake headers and their extensions and across the boiler through the steam circulators 35 to the cross box 33, from which the steam will flow into the tube 33 ironrwhich it will be collected by the auxiliary pipes 36, which will lead it to the chanr her 3'? and the main steam pipe.

Since the usual steam and water drum is omitted in the construction described, it is ary to provide a reserve water capacity. ll: wil also be desirable to arrange the boiler so that the separation of steam and water may occur as completely as possible before the tube 35 are reached.

end, .1 provide one or more rows or storage tubes 4;.1 of large section between the uptake and downtake I nhers and preferably above the e these tubes being nippled, in U .ativ embodiment, at either end to are extension-'5; 2E and 31, respectively. Preterably, I also provide a plurality of curved connect is. entering the side of the tube 4-1 and the corresponding extension 29 for the purpose of permitting water that may rise some distance in the ei-ztensions 29 to flow dewnur lly through the connectors 412 to the tubes ll. i

desired, drainage tubes 43 may be pro vided between the circulators 35 and the tubes lVith the arrangement just described, the mixture of steam and. water passing up the uptake headers 19 and into the extensions 29 will have the steam largely separated from the water in these extensions, so that the water will flow bacrt through the tubes 11 to the downtake extensions 31, this .ilow being facilitated by the additional connections tamed by the curved connectors 12. Consequently very little water will. enter the tubes and such water as does enter these tubes will. be drained back through the drainage tubes 13 into the tubes 11. The tubes 41 will be small. enough so that they can be made o sutficient strength and yet, by reason of their number and position, will give a reserve water capacity substantially the same as the usual drum for such boilers. The approximate water level is indicated in Fig. 1, by the line A-A, but it is to be understood that this water line may vary widely under diiierent operating conditions.

It will be noted that in the arrangement illustrated, all of the sections are substarr ti ally circular, so that the maximum strength for a given thickness of metal is obtained and also that the sections are all relatively small for the same purpose. At the same time, the boiler is arranged so as to have the nec ssary reserve water capacity and so that the steam will be separated from the water and substantially dry steam passed to the main steam pipe.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 6, the constru .1011 is the same as that shown in Fig. 1, except that instead of a single row of tubes 41, as in Fig. 1, there is shown a plurality of rows 41 which can therefore be made oi smaller diameter than it only a single row were used, so that the same reserve water capacity can be obtained by the use of smaller diameter tubes. In this ligure the approximate water line is also shown, but here again it is to be understood that the line may vary quite widely from that shown.

It will be understood that while the arrangement ot healers and tubes shown best in Figs. 4- and 5 are the ones which I preferably use, other forms of water chambers may be used in connection with some of the other features of my invention. It will also be understood that the embodiment of my invention may be widely varied.

I claim: q

l. A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to uptake and downtake water chambers, a plurality of water storage tubes of relatively large cross-sectional area extending between and connected to the upper portion of the uptake and the downtake water chambers and inclined upwardly from the downtake water chamber, plurality of steam circulating tubes extending between and con neeted to the uptake and the downtake water chambers above said water storage tubes, a vertically dis iosed main steam pipe, and a row or" aut' iary steam collecting pipes spaced along the upper portion of the clowntake water chamber with their upper ends connected to said main steam pipe.

A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to uptake and downtake water chambers, a plurality 01 water storage tubes of relatively large cross-sectional area extending between and connected to the upper portion of the uptake and the downtake water chambers and inclined upwardly from the downtake water chamber, a plurality of steam circulating tubes connecting the uptake and the downtake water chambers above said water storage tubes, a main steam pipe, a steam equalizing tube extending above the downtake water chamber, nipples spaced across the water chamber and connecting said steam equalizing tube to said downtake water chamber, tubes connecting said steam equalizing tube to said main steam pipe, and drain tubes for said steam equalizing tube to the water spaces of the boiler.

3. A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to uptake and downtake water chambers, each of said chambers comprising vertically disposed headers, plurality of w ter stortubes of relatively lar e g cross-sectional area extending between and connected to the upper portion of the uptake and the d re water chambers and inclined upwa rem the downtake water chamber, each or said water storage tubes being nippled to the uptake chamber by a substantially axial nipple and also by one or more curved connectors each having one end connected into the side of said water storage tube and the o i into the uptake water chamber, and rality of steam circulating tubes con the uptake and the downtake water cha above said water storage tubes.

l. A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their oppo: re ends to uptake and downtakc water c plurality or water storage tube: or r large cross-sectional area extending and connected to the upper port on c: the u o take and the downtake water chambers and inclined upwardly from the dowr chamber, a plurality of steam c tubes connecting the uptake and take water chambers above sair we I tubes, and drain tubes extending rrcm sau steam circulating tubes downwardly to said water storage tubes.

5. A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to uptake and downtake water chambers, a roof battle above the water tubes and spaced therefrom to provide a passage space, said water chambers each extending a substantial distance above said roof battle, water storage tubes of relatively large crosssectio al area above said root battle and connected to rue uptake and the downtake water chambers, stc n circulating tubes above said w tubes and connecting the uptal downtake water chambers, a main steam pipe and connections between said main steam pipe and the upper end of the downtake water chamber at a plurality of points cross the boiler.

6. A water tube boiler having inclinec water tubes connected at their opposite en to uptake and downtake water chambers, roof bafile above the water tubes and s ace., therefrom to provide passage space, air: water chambers each extending a subs" distance above said roof balilc, water tubes of relatively large cross-sectional area above said root battle and connected to the uptake and the downtake water chambers, steam circulating tubes above said water storage tubes and connecting the uptake and the downtake water chambers, a vertically disposed steam collecting chamber at a level above that of the tops of the water chambers,

a main steam pipe connected to said chamber and a row of auxiliary steam collecting pipes spaced along the upper portion of. the downtalze water chambers with their upper ends connected to said chamber.

'4". A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to a pluralit; of uptake headers and a pinrality oi downtake headers, a root ballle above the water tubes and spaced thereiirom 3c Vli le Quill extending pipes of relatively large cross tion above said headers with the lower on d or each pipe nippled to its respective h ader, horizontally inclined water si-ztorage tubes of iectional area each ex tendn 3 between and nippled to a pipe in one of s: 'd rows and a pipe in another of said rows, a main steam pipe, and auxiliary steam collecting pipes connected between the tops oi both oi said rows oi vertically-extending pipes and said main steam pipe.

8. A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to a plurality of uptake headers and a plurality oil? downtake headers, a reel battle above the Water tubes and spaced therefrom to provide gas passage space, a row of verticallyextending pipes of relatively large cross-section above said headers with the lower end of each pipe nippled to its respective header, horizontally inclined water storage tul: of relatively large crosssectional rach extending l'etween and nipple/d to a pipe in one of said rows and a pipe in another of said rows, a main steam pipe, and auxiliary steam collecting pipes connected between the tops of both of said rows of vertically-extending pipes and said main steam pipe, each of said horizontallyinclined water storage tubes being also connected to its respective verticallyextending pipe by a plurality of curved connectors each extending from the side of said tube to til, side 01 said pipe.

9. A water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to a plurality oi uptake headers and a plurality of downtalre headers, a root ballle above the water tubes and spaced therefrom to provide gas passage space, a row of vertically-extending pipes of relatively large cross-section above said headers with the lower end of each pipe nippled to its respective headers, horizontally inclined water storage tubes of rela- 1 tively large cross-sectional area each extending between and nippled to a pipe in one of said rows and a pipe in another of said rows, said horizontally inclined pipes being located above said roof battle, a horizontal box above the upper ends of the row of verticallyextending pipes connected to the downtake water chambers and nippled to each of said tapes r-rl am circulating tubes each connecting one oil: said vertically-extending tubes above the uptake water chambers with said horizontal box, a main steam pipe, and a plurality of auxiliary steam collecting pipes leading to said main steam pipe from spaced points along said horizontal box.

10. A water tube boiler having inclined Water tubes divided into groups across the boiler, a plurality of uptake headers and a plurality of downtake headers, each connected to one of said groups of tubes, battling to direct furnace gases transversely of the water tubes, a root bafile between the uptake and downtalre headers and spaced from the water tubes to provide gas passage space, each of said head having an extension nippled to the upper end of the. header and extending above the root battle, each extension comprising a pipe circular in cross-section and of relatively large area, a horizontally inclined tube of relatively large area extending above said root bailie and nipplcd between an uptake and a downtake extension, a main steam pipe, and auxiliary pipes connected between the tops of said extensions and said main steam pipe.

11. A. water tube boiler having vertically disposed water chambers divided into sections, water tubes connecting the water chambers, a steam equalizing tube extending along and above the top of one of the water chambers and above the. water level therein, connections between each section of said water chamber and the steamequalizing tube, a vertically disposed steam collecting chamber and tubes spaced along the steam equalizing tube and connected to said steam collecting chamber.

12. A water tube boiler having vertically disposed uptake and downtalze Water chambers divided into sections, inclined water tubes connecting the water chambers, a steam equalizing tube extending along and above the top of said downtalce water chamber and above the water level in the boiler, connections be tween each section of said downtake water chamber and the steam equalizing tube, a vertically disposed steam collecting chamber, and tubes spaced along the steam equalizing tube and connected to said steam collecting chamber.

13. A. water tube boiler having inclined water tubes connected at their opposite ends to uptake and downtake water chambers, said chambers being divided into vertically dis posed sections, a steam equalizing tube extending along and above said downtakewater chamber and above the water level of the boiler, a vertically disposed steam collecting chamber, a row of pipes each connected to said equalizing tube and said downtake water chamber and in vertical alinement with a section thereof, a row of pipes connecting said equalizing tube and said steam collecting chamber, the ends of each pipe in each of said rows being in alinementwith the ends of a pipe in the other of said rows.

1a. A Water tube boiler having inclined we to tubes connected at their opposite ends to uptake and downtahe Water chambers, said chambers being divided into Vertically disposed sections a box extending along and above the top of the downtake Water chamber, a steam equalizing tube extending along and above said box and above the Water level of the boiler, a Vertically disposed steam chainbeiga first row of tubes, each connecting a section of the downtake Water chamber With said box, a second row of tubes connecting said box and said equalizing tube and a third roW of tubes connecting said equalizing tube and said steam chamber, the ends of each pipe in each row being substantially in alineinent with the ends of a pipe in each of the other rows.

DAVID S. JACOBUS.

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