US1726337A - Emergency heater - Google Patents

Description

Filed July 14, 1927 M5 b I BY M AM ATTORN Patented Aug. 27, 1929.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM A. BROWN, 0]? PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EMERGENCY HEATER.

Application filed July 14, 1927. Serial No. 205,597.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of emergency electric heaters generally known as convection heaters, wherein by the use of one or more flues surrounding a heating unit, a positive circulation of hot air is generated.

Devices of this character in the past have used opaque cylinders of metal and the like and have either-depended for their effectiveness solely upon the circulation of hot air induced by the cylinder around the heating unit, or, by the addition of a reflector surrounding the heating unit within the cylinder enclosing the appliance, have attempted to create a radiant efl'ect induced by the high temperature transmitted to the top of the metal cylinder and its adjacent parts by this reflected heat. Such a construction employing a reflector within the flue surrounding the heating unit to accomplish this radiant eflect automatically lowers the efliciency of the device as a convection heater by shunting the cold air entering the base of the appliance away from the incandescent unit which has been baflled by this reflector, thereby slowing up the thermal action of the air within the cylin der. It is an accepted fact that the proper place to heat a flue to induce thermal action throughout its length is at or near the bottom and not at the top.

In none of these devices has there been any thought or intention of providing a means whereby the incandescence of the heating unit would be visible at all times and radiant heat delivered by the device through the medium of the heat rays thrown out by the unit upon reaching this incandescent state.

In my device I surround my heating unit with transparent or translucent flue or flues, preferably of glass, to provide full visibility of the incandescence of the glowing heating unit at all times, which in turn gives me a complete radiating effect through the medium of the heat rays thrown out by my visible unit and without sacrificing any of the effectiveness of my device as a circulating hot air or convection heater.

By the use of transparent or translucent flue or flues surrounding'the heating unit to provide full visibility of the incandescence of the glowing unit at all times and thereby permitting the heat rays of this visible unit to be thrown out in all directions at all times, I am able by the addition of a polished reflector, preferably of mirrored glass, mounted on either side of my transparent or translucent flue or flues, to intensify and concentrate the full radiating effect of the incandescent heating unlt 1n any given space desired.

This reflected radiant effect of my device is instantly perceptible as soon as the heating unit reaches an incandescent state. By placmg my reflector outside of my flue, my heating unit may then be placed in an unobstructed position at or near the lower portion of the flue and as no reflector is used inside of the flue to bafiie the thermal action induced within the flue by the incandescence of the unit, I am able to obtain a maximum circulation of hot air within the flue throughout most of its length and without sacrificing any of the effectiveness of the heat rays generated and thrown out by the incandescent unit and intensified and concentrated by the reflector which I place on the outside of the flue.

As I do not depend on the reflected radiating effect of my heating unit to heat the room in which my device is placed and as I obtain the results desired more from the great volume of hot air which is circulated within the device when I surround my heating unit with a flue, I have found it desirable in some cases in practice to limit the reflected radiating effect of my device by the use of a plurality of flues of varying densities properly spaced to provide an insulating wall of moving air between their surfaces, and the unpleasant condition of intense reflected radiated heat which is present in devices of this character may be controlled in my device without in any way affecting the visibility of the glowing unit and its psychological effect upon the user of my device. My reflected radiating effect is used primarily to create this favorable psychological condition of instant warmth to the user of my device during that interval necessary for the circulating hot air, or convection heat, induced by the flue surrounding the heating unit, to thoroughly and evenly heat the room.

As my device depends more on the circulating hot air, or convection heat, which it generates than on the reflected radiating eflect obtained, for heating the room in which it is mounted as stated above, and as I may vary the capacity of my heating unit to increase or decrease the amount of hot air generated by it and as it is evident that a high capacit unit will create a more intense radiating e feet than a low capacity unit, I limit, as stated above, the intensity of the reflected radiant heat by the number, density and spacing of the flues I employ to surround the heating unit.

In other words, if my heating unit is of high capacity and the reflected radiating effect is too intense to be desirable, by merely adding an additional one or two flues properly spaced so as to provide a current of air between the surfaces of these flues, I can decrease or increase the intensity of thisreflected radiant heat at will, depending solely on the number and character of the flucs used and the air space between these flues, and without aflecting the efficiency of my device with regard to the convection heatgenerated and circulated by it, and without losing any of the psychological effect obtained in having he incandescent state of the heating unit visible at all times to the user of the device.

It will be evident from the foregoing that by the use of a reflector in combination with transparent or translucent flue or flues surrounding an incandescent heating unit, I have devised a compact, extremely efficient, radiant convection heater suitable-for use anywhere in any type of building which will give in use the desirable results of instant warmth to be obtained from reflected radiant heat efl'ective simultaneously with a positive circulation of a large volume of hot air for thoroughly, evenly and quickly heating the room, which is impossible with reflected radiant heat alone.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown in the accompanying drawings forms thereof which are at present preferred by me, since they will give in practice satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Fig. 1 represents a side elevation partially in section of a combined radiant convection heater with reflector embodying invention, taken on line 1.'1 of Fig. 2, the front portion of the flues and the support being in section, the rest of the figure being in elevation. 7 I

Fig. 2 represents a plan view taken on line 22 of Fig. 1, the flues and reflector being in section.

Fig. 3 represents a double adaptation of the elements of Fig. 1, wherein I use two units, each having a single flue and the pair being backed by a single reflector.

Fig. trepresents a plan view taken on line H of Fig. 8.

Fig. 5 is an adjustable hinge with the two maximum adjusting positions shown in dot and dash as used in Figs. 3 and 4.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all figures. Referring to the drawings:

1 designates the outer flue; 2 designates the inner flue surrounding the heating unit 3 which is screwed into the standard socket 4 which is attached by the nipple 5 to the top of the junction box 6, the nipple 7 connecting the junction box 6 to the wall bracket 8 which is in turn attached to the wall plate 9 by the screws 10. The spider 13 holds the flues 1 and 2 and the reflector 11 which is held in place by the hooks 12 which are a part of the reflector support 11 which is held in position on the spider 13 by the thumb screw 15.

The flues 1 and 2 are held in concentric assembly by means of the rods 14 and nuts or buttons 16 and 16 The nut or button 16 may be tapped as shown to receive the lower end of the rod 1 1, which may be threaded, thereby enabling the user of the device to remove the fines in their assembled state merely by unscrewing the wing nut or thumb screw 15 which serves to hold the flues in an upright position on the spider 13.

The set screw 13 is used to hold the spider 13 rigidly upon the socket 4: and also to secure the socket 4 in a stationary position upon the nipple 5. The deflector 17 is placed in a space between the flues 1 and 2 and is self-locating on account of its shape and is used to divert the heated air from the wall. The heating unit is controlled by the pull chain 18 or its equivalent.

In Fig. 3 I show a modification of Fig. 1 applicable to table or floor devices and having two flues and two heating units, each flue surrounding a heating unit, in combination with a single reflector 11, the heating units being individually controlled by pull chains 18 or their equivalent. It is of course evident that a reflector may be used with each flue if desired. In Fig. 3 the entire fixture is supported by the elongated pipe 20 on the base 21.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of this dual combination shown in Fig. 3 with a. section taken on line 4- through the locking screws 13. The single reflector is mounted on two opposite spider arms 13 by means of the supports 11 and is held in place by the hooks 12, it being evident that the reflector 11 can be slipped out of the hooks 12 for cleaning or replacement.

Fig. 5 is my adjustable hinge 22 having a movable joint directly below the junction box 6 rotating on the bolt 23 and held in any position by the thumb screw 24 in the yoke 25 which is attached to the upright 20 as shown in Fig. 3 and which may be applied if desired to Fig. 1. The adjustment of this joint permitsthe flue or flues to be canted away from the wall, thereby protecting the wall from undue temperature. On the floor and table fixtures, it enables the user to deflect the hot air in any desired direction. The position wished for may be maintained by the wing nut 24.

It will be evident that the socket 4: which holds the unit 3 and the flues which surround the socket and unit, may be canted stationary on the junction box-6 to obtain the same effect which is obtained by the adjustable joint 22 shown in Fig. 5.

It will now be apparent that I have devised a novel and useful construction of a combined radiant convection heater with reflector which embodies features of advantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the above description, and While I have in the present instance shown and described preferred embodiments thereof which have been found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, it is to be understood that the same are susceptible of modification in various particulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a combined radiant convection heater with reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a transparent flue surrounding said unit to form a convection heat- -er, said reflector being mounted outside of 2. In a combined radiant convection heater with reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a transparent flue surrounding said unit to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flue, means for adjusting said heating unit, flue and reflector on said support.

3. In a combined radiant convection heater with reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a plurality of transparent flues surrounding said unit to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flues, means for adjusting said heating unit, flues and reflector on said support.

4. In a combined radiant convection heater with reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a plurality of translucent flues surrounding said unit to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flues.

5. In a combined radiant convection heater with reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a plurality of transparent or translucent flues surrounding said unit to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flues, in combination with a deflector mounted at the top of said flues.

6. In a combined radiant convection heater with reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a translucent flue sur rounding said unit to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flue.

7. In a combined radiant convention heater with reflector, an adjustable support, a plurality of electric heating units mounted thereon, one or more transparent or translucent flues surrounding said units to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flue or flues, means for controlling said heating units independently.

8. In a combined radiant convection heater with a reflector, a support, an electric heating unit mounted thereon, a transparent or translucent flue surrounding said unit to form a convection heater, said reflector being mounted outside of said flue, in combination with a deflector supported to be positioned at the top of said flue.

WILLIAM A. BROWN.

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