US1707623A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

April 2, 1929.

L. BOX

FURNACE Filed Jan. 8, 1927 m guulumyml 11%/ PaiendfApr.- z, 19.29.`

UNITI-:D,srivri'is- PATENT OFFICE.

y LEONARD :Boxen EAST Sfr. LOUIS, ILLINOIS.

- FURNACE.

f Application led January 8, 1927. Serial No. 159,877.

. My invention relates to furnaces, and espe-v cially tov furnaces adapted to burn bituminous coal. j'

The chief object of my invention is to provide means for sup'ei'heating lall the air ,entering into the process of combustion.V

Anotherv object of my invention is to provide means for directing vsuperheated air into the combustion chamber atvarious points and in varying volume at different points.

The present'application-is intended to beV supplementary to an application filed by me onthe 2nd day of September, 1926*,bearingl Ser. No. 133143.

In the drawings: Y Y Fig; 1 is a vertical Across section of my improved furnace.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1.

It has long been known that 'the processes of combustion are materially improved when the air is superheated and, also, when the air can be directed into the combustion chamber f in such a manner as to create a degree of turbulence thereby more thoroughly mixing the gases of combustion and atmospheric air. v

It is, also, well known thatcombustion is more complete when the aircanbe admitted inr such quantities and in such a manner as to furnish sufficient air for complete combustion 'gt every point within the combustion chamer.v

In order'to bringfabout the results above noted, I have designed'a furnace in which all of the air admitted to the combustiony chamber is pre-heated after the fire `is one kindled and` is, also, directed into the combustion chamberl in a divided stream, the major portion flowl lowerv marginal edge of which is provided the gas combustion chamber 5, as indicatedv inner lcombustion chamber and iii-fopen coming inover the top of the fuel, and the minor portion being directed to a combustion chamber in which only gas and air is admitted.

A hollow base 1 encloses the ash pit 2,'which` may be h'errnetically` sealedfby the door 3. Grate bars stare superimposed on the basel. An .annular gas chamber 51 is superimposed 'on the base 1, separated fromthe fuel being consumed by the walls of the fire bowl 6, the

with a plurality `of suitableopenings 7 to permit gases to escape from the fire bowl 6 into by the arrows`8. s vg .Y Concentric with the lire bowl 6 an annular tion chamber 5 that ,the airenteringtherein is highly superheated,l and due to the resulting expansionof `the air it Hows with increased velocity in the direction of thearrows designated Vas 8. i Above the top of the vfire bowl 6, which is outwardly flanged, as indicated at 10, a downwardly and inwardlyv turned flange or lip 11 is provided to `direct the air from the annular airchamber 9 downwardly and inwardly into. the fire, thus the draft is sufficient to cause the flow of. air and gases through the openings 7 intothe gas combustion chamber 5, from whence they-escape through the flue 12, as indicated by the arrows 13.

Itis apparent that combustion would be in-` complete for want of suliicient air and much fuel would be wasted up the stack in the form of lcarbon monoXideif-no provision was made yto admit supplementary air into the gas combustion chamber 5. Therefore, a plurality of holes or air ports 14 are provided in the bottom of the airchainber 9, which are best n shown in Fig. 2. Y v

The air thus introduced into the gas combustionr chamber 5 is regulated by the size of the holes 14, thus I have brought about a two#l stage combustion in which'` the fuel is first coked and the *gases generated therefrom turnedV into a gas combustion chamber.

Under certain' conditions" I have found it necessarytoadmit a quantity of air to the base of the fire, .and for this purpose I have lprovided a supplementaryconduit 15, which directs air to the base of the fire, as'indicat'ed'- by the arrow 16.

.se l

I y 9o A damper 17 is provided which is used only in starting the lire when the door of the ashpit .I y 3 is open or air admitted at that point and the draft for kindling is direct, the dampervl beingl open. By thus dividing and superh'eating all the air entering into the process of cornv, bustion, Ihave provided a furnace that readily shows a combustion efliciencyV of %.V Having fully described my invention and its method of construction and operation,

what I claim as new randjuseful and desire to protect by'Letters Patent is :v`

V1; A furnace, comprisinganinner combus` tion chamber surrounded by 'an'outer combustion 'cham-ber. in'V 1nter-commun1cation,

l.said outer` combustion chamber'being concentrically disposedabout the base -of the said munication .with a smoke'ilue,an annular air chamber conc'entrically' ,disposed about lthe upper portion of said inner combustion-,chamber in fopen communication therewith, the i lower portion of said air chamber being in regulated and restricted communication with said outer combustion chamber.

2. A furnace, comprising` a combustion chamber surrounded by means for preheating all the air admitted to the said combustion chamber after the lire has once been kindled7 means tor directing preheated air into the said combusti en chamber from all points around the upper edge thereof, means for directing said preheated air inwardly and downwardly into said combustion chamber, a gas combustion chamber adjacent to and surrounding` said combustion chamber, means for admitting gas and air into said gas com bastion chamber and means for permitting the escape oi the products ot' combustion.

3. A furnace of the class described, comprising a fire bowl ported about its lower periphery7 a gas combustion chamber concentrically disposed about the base of said lire bowl and in open communication therewith by means of said ports, an air chamber concentrically .disposed about the upper portion ot' said lire bowl and extending downwardly between said tire bowl and said gas combustion chamber, means for admitting atmospheric air intosa-idair chamber, means for directing a portion ot said admitted air over the top oi said lire bowl into saidire bowl, means for admitting` a'portio'n of said atmospheric air into said gas combustion chamber thereby causing combustion to take place in two stages, the firststage taking place in the re bowl and the second stage takingl place in the gas combustion chamber.

In witness whereor1 l have hereunto aixed my signaturethis 16th day of December,

192e. n LEONARD Box.

Images