US1356138A - Downdraft-heater - Google Patents

Description

L. L. GORR DOWNDBAFT HEATER. APPLICATION FELED 5.17.1911.

Patnted 001;, 19,1920

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

to: new

L. L. GORR.

DOWNDRAFT HEATER- APPLICATION nuzn' FEB. 17, Ian.

Patented O t 19,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS nconn, or MARSHFIELD, OREGON.

DOWNDRAFT-HEATER.

. Specification of Letters Patent. P t t t' 19,.192

Application filed February 17,1917. Serial. No. 149,225.

To all to item it may concern v Be it known that I, LoUIsL. Gonn, a c1t1- zen of the Unlted States, residing at Marsh field, inthe county of Coos and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Downdraft-Heaters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertainsto make, and use the same.

The invention relates to improvements in down draft heaters.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction of down draft heaters and to provide a simple, practical and efficient down draft heater of comparatively inexpensive construction equipped with means for enabling it to be converted in an up draft heater when it is desired to arrange the heater in this manner forstarting a fire or for producing exterior heat, and capable of burning soft coal practically smokelessly or gaseous fuel with a minimum amount of air for supporting the combuse tion incident to the burning of such fuel.

A further object of the invention is to provide a down draft heater ofthis "character adapted to heat the fuel air priorto in troducing the same into the combustion chamber.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a heater for heating a fluid such as water, air or steam and arranged to intro-i duce the heated medium into it at the point where the practically spent gases and other 1 products of combustion leave the heater and the same time to cause the heated medium to leave the heater as passes through the hottest zone in the combustion chamber.

With these and other ob ects in view, the

invention consists in the construction and IL novel combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying any ofthe advantages of. the invention.

In the draw1ngs- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional new of a down draft heater constructed in accordance with this invention,

F ig. 2 is a transverse sectional view onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1, c

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 1, V U I .F'g- 4: is a horizontal sectional view on line M of Fig. 1,

F ig, 5 grate I Fig. 6' is a perspective View of a hollow grate designed particularly for heatingair,

Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the hollow grate shown in Fig. 6.

Llke numerals of reference designate cor-, responding parts in the several figures of the drawings. p

In the accompanying drawings in which is illustrated the preferred embodiment of the invention the down draft heaterillustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive comprises in its constructiomahollow grate 1 composed of sop:

arate sections preferably consisting of castings arranged side by side and adapted to be used in any desired numberto provide a grate ofthe desired width and the said down. draft heater is adapted to be. constructed and operated in various sizes as it maybe emplovedinan ordinary domestic heater or. in a municipal garbage incineratingfurnace. The hollow, grate is composed of a front horizontal portion or grate bar 2, an upper transversely disposed vertically projecting arm or water back member 3, a depending transversely disposedflange 4 and a rearwardly projecting vertically arranged arm. or mcmberli. The front portions 2 oft-he sections of the grate may be provided with laterally projecting lugs 6 and they are hollow and communicate with the arms 3 and 5 whichare also hollow. The armsor mem hers 3 of thesecticns of the grate are fitted togetherat their side faces or walls to form a continuousv upwardly projecting trans. versely, disposed water back or rear wall or partition; The depending flanges ,4: which also fit against each otherprovide a depending transversely disposed partition or bridge wall and the, rearwardly extending arms or members 5 which are also hollow are arranged in spaced relation and form narrow vertical chambers and provide intervening fines or spaces 7 for the passage of the products of combustion as hereinafter fully; explained; The extensions P. on the lower' ends of themembers 8 it against eachother to provide a rearwardly directed deflecting stantially oblong coupling boxes or casings 8 fitted together at their ends as clearly illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings and provided with end and rear openings 9 and 10. The ends of the boxes or casings 8 fit flat against one another and they may be connected by press or inserted nipples 11 and they communicate at their rear openings 10 with a header 12 by short pipes or fittings 13. An inlet pipe 14 is connected with the header for introducing water or fluidmedium in the heater. The medium to be heated enters the chamber 15 of the rearwardly projecting arm or member 5 and passes upwardly and forwardly through a lower duct or passage 16 in the front hollow grate portion 2 which is provided with a horizontal partition 17 extending forwardlyfrom the rear end of the hollow front portion 2 and terminating short of the front end thereof and dividlng the space with n the said front portion 2 into a lower duct or passage l6 and an upper duct or passage 18. The heating medium passes around the front end of the horizontal partition 17 and enters the upper duct or passage of the front grate portion 2 and then passes into the chamber 19 of the upper transversely disposed hollow arm or member 3. The upwardly projecting arms or members 3 are provided with lateral openings 20 and top openings 21 and the interior chambers 19 communicate with one another through the lateral openings 20 in which are preferably arranged nipples 11 similar to those heretofore described. The said chambers 19 are also designed to be connected at the top with a manifold or header 22 by nipples or fittings 23 and an outlet pipe 24 extends from the manifold or heater 22 for conveying the heated medium to the desired point or points. The hollow grate is arranged within a casing which may consist of metal, masonry or any other suitable material according to the character of the heater in which the hollow grate struc ture is employed and the said casing is divided by the hollow grate structure into an upper combustion or fuel chamber 24, a lower ash pit or chamber 25 and a rear heating chamber 26 into which the rearwardly projecting arms or members 5 extend and divide the lower portion of such chamber into separate passages which are coincident with the intervening recesses 7 heretofore described. The upwardly projecting arms or members 3 form the rear wall ofthe combustion chamber and they terminate short of the top wall of the casing to provide an intervening space at which is lo cated a transversely disposed damper 27. Thedepending flanges 4 form the rear wall of the lower front ash pit or chamber 25 and lower dampers are adapted to be arranged as hereinafter fully explained to convert the heater into either a down draft heater or an up draft heater.

The air for the supporting of combustion within the fuel chamber, when the heater is employed as a down draft heater, is introduced into the upper fuel chamber or combustion chamber 24 by an air duct 29 comprising a lower rear horizontally disposed inlet portion 30, an intermediate vertical connecting portion 31, an upper horizontally disposed portion 32 and a front transversely disposed portion 33. The air is heated throughout its passage through the inlet line and itis introduced into the combustion chamber 24 in a heatedcondition and is drawn downwardly through the fuel by the draft of a flue 34 and it passes through the lower chamber or ash pit 25. The gases and other products of combustion pass rearwardly through the damper controlled space 35 upwardly through the rear passages 01' spaces 7 intolthe rear heating chamber 26 and escape through the flue 34 which is provided with a damper 36. The vertical connecting portion 31 of the inlet flueis located in the rearchamber 26 directly below the flue or smoke pipe 34 so that it is subjected to the. practically spent gases and other products of combustion before the same escape to the chimney or flue and the air en tering the duct 29 is heated in its passage through the same. The heated medium traveling through the hollow grate structure enters at the rear and is first subjected to the action of the gases and other products of combustion escaping to the rear heating chamber 26 and is preliminarily heated before entering the front portion of the hollow grate and in its passage through the front hollow grate portion 2, the heating medium is subjected to the hottest Zone of the heater preparatory to its leaving the heater through the intensely heated upper chambers 19. The front face of the wall formed by the arms or members 3 may be lined with fire brick when it' is not desired to subject the heated medium to the intense heat at the rear wall of the combustion chamber. By this construction and arrangement of the hollow grate the heated medium and when starting a fire or for any other reason it is desired to convert the heater into an up draft heater the lower damper28 is closed and the upper damper 27 is opened and air is admitted to the heater at the front of the lower or ash chamber or pit 25 through the door 37. This will cause the air to pass upward through the fuel and V adapted to'swing from the front'wall to the escape from the combustion chamber at the back thereof over the rearwall formed b the arms or members 3, the gases and pro nets of combustion passing directly to the stove pipe or flue 34.

When the down draft is employed for heating airor water,the hollow grate may be constructed of sheet metal. sections 49 which are shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings and which are preferably com; posed of similar opposite longitudinal sections or members 50 suitably secured to gether and forming a front portion 51 and an upwardly projecting transversely disposed arm or member 52 and a rearwardly projecting vertically disposed arm or member 58. The front portion 51 is provided with a horizontal partition 5d and the rearwardly projecting portion or member 53has a plurality of baffle plates or partitions 55. An'inlet 56 is provided at the top of the rearwardly projecting portion 53 and an-outlet 57 is arranged at the top of the transversely disposed upwardly projecting arm or member 52.

The down draft fiuidheater to burn soft coalsmolrelessly and also to burn gas in a burner. The soft coal. is burned with the least possible amount ,of fuel air and the heating surfaces are arranged so that a maximum amount of the heat resulting from the combustion of the fuel is absorbed by the heated medium and thus successfully utilized. This design lends itselfreadily to its adoption as a steam generator, a liquid heater or an air heater and its range of construction will vary from the smallest domestic heater to that of the largest munic pal garbage ncinerator.- The economy of the heater is assured since both the heating medium and the heated medium travel in the most approved manner, inasmuch as the spent gases leave the heater where the heated medium enters and the heated medium leaves the heater as itpas'ses through the hottest zone in the combustion chamber. drawings reduces the material to a minimum and lessens the cost of production. The dimensions and proportions will" be varied to suit the conditions and requirements and steam drums, expansion tanks and various other accessories will of course be employed to make an installation a complete and practical heating apparatus. The heateris adapted to be readily arranged as an up draft heater, the heater being reis adapted The design illustrated vin the versed whenstarting a fresh fire or when heat is wanted outside of the heater or when it is necessary to use the heater primarily a a refuse burner; e e

T he ,upper damper 27, which is preferably located. below the smoke pipe or flue 34:,

operates within an opening 62 from which the smoke pipe or flue 34: extends,'and it is" rear wall of the said opening 62 in convert mg the stove or heater from a downdraft to'an up draft and it constitutes a two ported I brought into operation.

The hollow heating element, which disubstantially horizontal front portion, the upwardly extending arm or portion andth e rearwardlyextending arm orportion, may have the upwardly and rearwardly extending arms or portionsarranged in a variety of positions and the upwardly extending armor. portion, instead of being arranged at vides} the casing of the stove into its several compartments and which is composed of the the back of the combustion chamber to form the rear wall thereof, may be placed at one a or both sides or in any other desiredposition, aswillbe readily understood, and, as

iliustratedin F igs16 and 7, the rearwardly extending arm or portion, when disposed in an upwardly projecting position, will be arranged in spaced relatlon with the upwardlyprogecting transversely disposed portion 51 so that the highly heated air or water passing out through the portion 51 will not give upfany of its heat to t comingwater or air. This form of the inventlon may be advantageously employedas a, water beaten-sand by arranging the said portions of the hollow heating element such spaced relat on, the outgol arr or TAU water is maintained at a maximum tem-' perature. 1

fVVhat is claimed is ing a casing, substantially horizontal memberslof hollow formation having upper and lower passages communicating at their front 1 ends, upwardly extending membersof hollow formation located at therear ends of said horizontal members and communicating with therear ends of said upper passages, the lateral sides of said upwardly extending members being arranged in abutting engagement, rearwardly extending membersof hollow formation communicatingv with the rear ends of said lower passages, said rearwardly extending members being of less width than.

the upwardly extending members and relaing members.

tively spaced, bridge wall sections depending from the rear ends of said horizontal members and having their lateral sides arranged in abutting engagement, a supply pipe communicating with said rearwardly extending members, and a discharge pipe communicating with said upwardly extend- 2. A heater of the class described includ ing a casing, substantially horizontal members of hollow formation having-upper and lower passages communicating at their front ends, upwardly extending members of hollow formation located at the rear ends of said horizontal members and communicating with the rear ends of said upper passages, said upwardly extending members communicating with each other at their upper ends and having their lateral sides arranged in abutting engagement, downwardly and rearwardly extending members of hollow formation communicating with the rear ends of said lower passages, said downwardly and rearwardly extending members being of less width than the upwardly extending members and relatively spaced, downwardly extending bridge wall sections located at the rear ends of said horizontal members, couplings carried by the lower rear ends of said downwardly and rearwardly extending members, said couplings being arranged in abutting engagement and communicating with each other and with said downwardly and rearwardly extending members, a supply pipe communicating with said clownwardly and rearwardly extending members, and a discharge pipe communicating with said upwardly extending members.

3. A heater of the'class described including a casing, substantially horizontal members of hollow formation having upper and lower passages communicating at their front ends, upwardly extending members of hollow formation locatedat the rear ends of said horizontal members and communicating with the rear ends of said upper passages, said upwardly extending members having their lateral sides arranged in abutting engagement with each other and with the sides of said casing, rearwardly extending members of hollow formation communicating with the rear ends of said lower passages, downwardly extending abutting bridge wall sections at the rear ends of said, horizontal members, said bridge wall sections also abutting the sides of the casing, a supply pipe communicating with said rearwardly extending members, and a discharge'pip'e' communicating with said upwardly extending members. 7

4. A heater of the class described including a casing, substantially horizontal members of hollow formation having upper and lower passages communicating at their front ends, upwardly extending members of, hollow formation located at the rear ends of said horizontal members and communicating with the rear ends of said upper passages, the lateral sides of said upwardly extending members being arranged in abutting engagement with each other and the sides of the casing, rearwardly extending members of hollow formation communicating with the rear ends of said lower passages, said rearwardly extending members being of less width than the upwardly extending members and relatively spaced, bridge wall sections depending from the rear ends of said horizontal members and having their lateral sides arranged in abutting engagement with each other and the sides of the casing, a supply pipe communicating with said rearwardly extending members, and a discharge pipe communicating with said upwardly extending members. 1

5. A heater of the class describedincluding a casing, grate bars provided with upper and lower passages communicating at their front ends, a water back communicating with the rear ends of the upper passages, a bridge wall depending from the rear ends of the grate bars, chambers projecting rearwardly beyond said water back and bridge wall and communicating with the rear ends of said lower passages, said chambers being arranged in relatively spaced relation to providepassages therebetween for the products of combustion, a supply pipe communicating with said-chambers, and a discharge pipe communicating with said water back.

6. A heater of the class described, comprising a casing, grate bars provided with upperand lower passages communicating at their front ends, a water back communicating with the rear ends of the upper passages, a bridge wall extending downwardly from the grate bars, a deflecting wall extending rearwardly from the lower end of the water back, and chambers communicating with the rear ends of said lower passages and extending rearwardly beyond the water back, the bridge wall, and the deflecting wall, said chambers being relatively spaced to provide passages therebetween for the products of combustion, a supply pipe communicating with said chambers, and a discharge water back.

7, A heater of the class described comprising a casing, grate bars provided with upper and lower passages communicating at their front ends, a water back communicating with the rear ends of the upper passages and having its lateral sides arranged in engagement with the side walls ofthe casing, the upper end of the water back terminating short of the upper wall of the casing, a damper located between the upper end of the water back and the upper wall of the casing, a bridge wall depending from thepipe communicating with said rear ends of the grate bars and terminating short of the bottom wall of the casing, a damper located between the lower end of the bridge wall and the bottom.wall of the casing, a plurality of chambers communicating with the rear ends of said lower passages and located in rear of said bridge wall, said chambers being relatively spaced to provide passages therebetween for the products of combustion, a supply pipe communicating with said chambers and a dislcjhalige pipe communicating with said water 8. A heater of the class described com prising a casing, grate bars having upper and lower passages communicating at their front ends, upwardly extending members of hollow formation located at the rear ends of said grate bars and communicating with the rear ends of said upper passages, said back, bridge wall sections depending from ,the rear ends of said grate bars and having their lateral sides arranged in abutting engagement, chambers commun cating with the rear ends of said lower'passages and arranged 1n relatively spaced relation to provide passages therebetween for the products of combustion, said chambers being located in rear of said bridge wall sections, a supply )pipe communicating with said chambers, and a discharge pipe communicating with said water back members.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

, a LOUIS L. GORR. Witnesses:

BENNETT SwAN'roN, GRACE L. GoRR.

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