US1597000A - Refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys - Google Patents
Refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1597000A US1597000A US543085A US54308522A US1597000A US 1597000 A US1597000 A US 1597000A US 543085 A US543085 A US 543085A US 54308522 A US54308522 A US 54308522A US 1597000 A US1597000 A US 1597000A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- refining
- chromium
- lbs
- calcium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 title description 6
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 24
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEVZIAVUCQDJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr].[Fe].[Si] Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe].[Si] XEVZIAVUCQDJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SWHUMWPTJNVCBA-UHFFFAOYSA-H C([O-])([O-])=O.[Ca+2].[Si+4].C([O-])([O-])=O.C([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[Ca+2].[Si+4].C([O-])([O-])=O.C([O-])([O-])=O SWHUMWPTJNVCBA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JETSKDPKURDVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ca] Chemical compound [C].[Ca] JETSKDPKURDVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to refining silicon-containing and particularly such alloys in which the silicon is Without substantial oxidation of.
- the invention is particularly applicable to the refinlng of high silicon ferrochromium and will be described ticular reference to it,
- the calcium carbon (boxide which, in turn, yields a part of its oxygen to oxidize the silicon. carbonate is preferably mixed wt
- the calcium th calcium oxide which apparently serves as a diluent and which. together with the calcium oxide produced from the calcium carbonate by the liberation of its carbon dioxide,
- silicon canbe oxidized without any appreciable oxidation of the chromium.
- the mixture of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide may be used alone,
- the silicon content can be reduced to a greater extent, say under 5 of one per cent for special purposes, quantity of potassium or sodium chrome or iron ore, the calcium carbonate mixture;
- the activlty of the oxidizing reaction can be controlled by reguh-iting the current density and voltage in the furnace.
- composition of the refined alloy may be cited:
- the oxidizingmixture is added to the high silicon ferro-chromium, which is in the molten state.
- the oxidizing mixture is preferably added in successive installments until an analysis of a sample shows thatthe silicon content of the alloy has been reduced to the desired percentage.
- I claim l The process of refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys, which consists in smelting the alloy with a mixture containing calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and a small amount of a nitrate, substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 24, 1926.
BYRAMJI SAKLATWALLA. OECRAFTON, PENNSYLVANIA.
EEFINING SILICON-CONTAINING IRON-GHROMIUM ALLOYS.
No Drawing.
The present invention. relates to refining silicon-containing and particularly such alloys in which the silicon is Without substantial oxidation of.
iron-chromium to a process for refining alloys,
oxidizable the chromium. The invention is particularly applicable to the refinlng of high silicon ferrochromium and will be described ticular reference to it,
with parit being understood however that the process may be used for the refining of other silicon-containing ironchromium alloys, such for example as chrome steels or irons. alloy, which is high The ferro-chromium 1n silicon, s smelted with an oxidizing agent which oxidizes the silicon without substantially oxidizing the chromium. have used calcium carbonate. carbonate upon heating y1elds As suchan oxidizing agent,
The calcium carbon (boxide which, in turn, yields a part of its oxygen to oxidize the silicon. carbonate is preferably mixed wt The calcium th calcium oxide which apparently serves as a diluent and which. together with the calcium oxide produced from the calcium carbonate by the liberation of its carbon dioxide,
combines with the silica formed by the oxidation of the silicon. It is found that when the hi gh silicon calcium carbonate and calcium ferro-chromium is smelted with the oxide. the
silicon canbe oxidized without any appreciable oxidation of the chromium.
The mixture of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide may be used alone,
but it is found that the silicon content can be reduced to a greater extent, say under 5 of one per cent for special purposes, quantity of potassium or sodium chrome or iron ore, the calcium carbonate mixture;
by the addition of a small nitrate. or
or a mixture of them. to and calcium oxide The activlty of the oxidizing reaction can be controlled by reguh-iting the current density and voltage in the furnace.
Increasing the temperature by increasing the current density or voltage, increases the activity it is possible thus to oxidize the s of the reaction. I have found that ilicon content without any appreciable sacrifice of the chromium content.
Slight additions ing facilitate the refining.
of fluorspar to the oxidizmixture are 1n some cases desirable to Typical examples of the oxidizing mixture are:
200 lbs. calcium carbonate, 30
0 lbs. cal- Applieation filed March 11, 1922. Serial No. 548,085.
cium oxide, 50 lbs. chrome ore, 50 lbs. iron ore. 50' lbs. fluorspar, or
200 lbs. calcium carbonate, 300 lbs. calcium oxide, 100 lbs. sodium nitrate. or
200 lbs. calcium carbonate, 300 lbs. calcium'oxide, 50 lbs. chrome ore, 50 lbs. sodium nitrate, 50 lbs. fluorspar.
As an example of the composition of the refined alloy, may be cited:
Alloy previous to refining:
Per cent. Cr 39.46 Si 34.4 C 0.22
Alloy after refining:
Per cent. Cru 65.80 Si 0.03 C 0.16
Another example is as follows: Alloy previous to refining:
' Per cent. Cr 5.61 Si 26.8 C 0.59
Alloy after refining:
Percent. Cr. 63.70 Si i 9.03 C 0.34
The oxidizingmixture is added to the high silicon ferro-chromium, which is in the molten state. The oxidizing mixture is preferably added in successive installments until an analysis of a sample shows thatthe silicon content of the alloy has been reduced to the desired percentage.
While I have specifically described the preferred wayof carrying out my process, his to be understood that the invention is not limited to the described details, but may be otherwise embodied within the scope of the following claims.
I claim l 1. The process of refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys, which consists in smelting the alloy with a mixture containing calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and a small amount of a nitrate, substantially as described.
2. The process of refining silicon-contaim ing iron-chromium alloys, which consists in smelting the alloy with a mixture containing calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, and
asmall quantity of a nitrate and chrome or ironore, substantially as described.
3. The process of refining high silicon iron-chromium alloys, which comprises treating the alloyin the molten state with calcium oxide and calcium carbonate in an amount sufiicient to. act as an oxidizing ,agent, substantiallyas described.
4. The process of refining high silicon iron-chromium alloys, which comprises treating the alloy in the molten state with calcium oxide, chromium or iron oxide, and calcium carbonate in'an amount sufficient to act as an oxidizing: agent, substantially as described.
treating the alloy in the molten state with a carbonate decomposable at furnace temperatures in an amount sufiicient to act as an comprises oxidizing agent, substantially as described.
6. The process of refining high vsilicon iron-chromium alloys, which comprises subjecting the allo) in amolten state to the oxidizing action of calcium carbonate, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.
BYRAMJI' D. SAKLATWALLA;
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US543085A US1597000A (en) | 1922-03-11 | 1922-03-11 | Refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US543085A US1597000A (en) | 1922-03-11 | 1922-03-11 | Refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1597000A true US1597000A (en) | 1926-08-24 |
Family
ID=24166514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US543085A Expired - Lifetime US1597000A (en) | 1922-03-11 | 1922-03-11 | Refining silicon-containing iron-chromium alloys |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1597000A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2855291A (en) * | 1956-08-28 | 1958-10-07 | Foote Mineral Co | Slag conditioning agent |
| DE1213452B (en) * | 1960-04-04 | 1966-03-31 | Elektrometallurgie M B H Ges | Process for decarburizing silicon-containing ferro alloys |
-
1922
- 1922-03-11 US US543085A patent/US1597000A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2855291A (en) * | 1956-08-28 | 1958-10-07 | Foote Mineral Co | Slag conditioning agent |
| DE1213452B (en) * | 1960-04-04 | 1966-03-31 | Elektrometallurgie M B H Ges | Process for decarburizing silicon-containing ferro alloys |
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