US1416819A - Railway spike - Google Patents

Description

eineN er nl W1 f 'fre "er frei uw .n t. A. i n if) ...e il all l ic le HUBERT E. HARRIS, 0F JONESBORO, ANI) JAlJIES H. DO'WNEY, OF GADTESVILLE,

GEORGIA.

iaieeie.

Application filed February ill, i822.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, HUBERT E. Hei-:nts and JAMES H. Downer, citizens oit the United States, and residents, respectively7 oi Jonesboro7 in the county ot Clayton and State of Georgia, and oi Gainesville, in the county of llall and State oi Georgia, have invented certain new and useful linprove4 nients in Railway Spikes, oi which the tol lowing is a specification.

The invention relates to railway spikes, and has as an object the provision oit a spike which will be prevented troni lifting out of the tie 'by coaction with the underside oit the rail, or a tie plate underlying the rail.

A further object oi' the invention is the provision oi' a spike which will offer greater resistance to withdrawal than spikes now in use.

An illustrative embodiment or' the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure l is a vertical transverse section through a rail and a portion oi' a tie showing the spike in elevation Jr'or use with a tie plate;

Fig. 2 is a sinnlar view showing aspike in use without a tie plate, the spike beingl slight-ly modified in form;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portion ot a rail showing a spike in elevation and a portion of a tie in section and,

F ig. l is a view showing a rail in section illustrating the position in which the spike is held at starting7 drawn upon a reduced scale.

The forni of the inventionshown in Fig. l is adapted i'ior use with a tie plate l0 shown as having ribs ll on the lower side, the outer edges of the ribs being located so as to tall verticall;7 under the edges ot. the base l2 of the rail 13. rl"he ribs ll are shown as cutting into the material oi' the tie li upon which the rail is ci Tied. To permit ot' placing of the spike l5 the plate is providel with apertures 16 atY suitable points, the apertures being slightly wider than the stock of the. spike.

rlhe spike embodying the invention has usual head 17 provided with the usual o hanging lip 18. Below the lip on the inside of the spike is a straight vertical portion which is adapted to conie opposite the base oi the rail and the thickness oic the tie piate Specification of Letters atent.

Patented 23, i922..

Serial No. 536,466.

ll. `@pposite the straight portion l?) is a se ond straight portion 20, so that the spike itc short distance below the head is parallel sided and vertical when in place.

Below thev straight portioirreferred to the spike is bodily oli'set in the direction olZ the lip 18. The width ot the spike throughout to the point 2l, where the reduction in width to torni the point is begun, is sub stantialqY uniform. The otlsct below the `Mrrllei sided portion above reiterred to pi -fide-is at Q2 an inclined portion which underlies the adjacent edge ot the rib 1l and will come in coinact therewith i' the spike attempts to lift in the tie. Opposite this inclined portion the oiiset referred to provides a cani surface which serves, while thev spike is being driven, to torce the spike toward the rail by contact with the material ol2 the tie. At the point 24 the offset upon the back oi the spike ends and the surface of the spike from this point downward again becomes vertical and is continuous to the point oit' the spilre. The front oi the spike also has a sraight portion 26 opposite the straight. port-ion at the back ,troni a point .JG to the point 2l already referred to. The curved portion 9,7 b v which the point ot the spilre is itorined acts as a cani surface during the lirst portion of the driving ol the spike.

The spilre is driveii. by starting it in the position Shown in Fig. Ll, slanted away i'roin the rail. and with the tangent QS to the curve 27 at the point o'll the spil-:e substantialljyv vertical. is the spilre enters the wood the cani snriface 2T will torce the point oi the spike to the. right, seen in F 1i, therebj,v bringing the spike toward the vertical. TWhen the surface 21% cornes in contactl with the opening i6 in the tie plate and later with the inaterial et the tie lil the spike will be Yiiorced bodilyY 'toward the rail, and at the completion et the driving the inclined portion 22 ot the spike will underlie the tie plate and eliectuall).v prevent anyY tendency to litt out otthe tie.

The torni ot the invention. shown in Fig. 2 is exact-ly similar in action to that shown in Fig. l, the onlyv difference being that the vertical portion 19 is shortened to compensate Jlor the absence oft the thickness of the tie plate. rlhe inclined portion 22 underlies the rail exactl)7 as the portion 22 underlies the tie plate and the cani surfaces 23 and 27 acting during driving exactly as do the corresponding cani surfaces in the forni shown in Fig. l.

rl'he point of the spike, as shown in Fig. 3, is preferably provided with a plurality of notches 29 to lessen the surface which penetrates the wood in the starting of the spike so that the saine may be caused to stand ready for driving` with less application of force.

Tests made upon the resistance of the spike to withdrawal establish that a substantially greater force is required to pull the spike froin the tie than is the case with the straight spikes in common use at the present. This is true when the spike is driven into a block in the absence of a rail or tie plate. When in use the weight upon the rail, in addition to its action directly upon the surface 22, acts to hold down the libres of the tie which libres inust yield upwardly to allow the tie to be lifted vertically. rllherefore the resistance to liftinp` is very much greater than that of the usual straight spike. rlhe tendency of a rail to tip over under thrust of wheel flanges, especially on curves provides a very great pulling force upon the spikes, so much so that upon curves where tra-flic is heavy it is necessary to send track nien frequently to drive the spikes down.

The forrn of spike illustrated by the present invention is such that the weight of slower moving traffic upon the .rails positively returns to place any spike which nia-y have been started, so that no diflic-ulty is found with lifting spikes. The spike provided by the present invention can be readily withdrawn by placing' a claw bar across the head of the rail, giving the spike an outward and upward pull to start it, after which it may be withchfawn in the usual manner.

Minor changes niay be inade in the physical embodiment of the invention without departing from its spirit.

Having thus described our invention what wek claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A railway spike coniprisinpa head, au overlapping, lip, a perpendicular surface beneath said lip adapted 'to come opposite objects to be held, a surface below said perpendicular surface inclined downward and away from the plane thereof and adapted :israelo to underlie held objects, a perpendicular surface on the back of said spike opposite said first named perpendicular surface, a cani surface below said perpendicular surface adapted to throw said inclined surface under held objects by contact with the material into which the spike is driven.

2. A railway s pike comprising a head lia-ving an overhangingv lip, a surface below said lip inclined downward and in the direction of overhang` of said lip and adapted to underlie an object to be held by said lip` a cani surface opposite said inclined surface adapted to throw said inclined surface under the object to be held by contact with the material into which the spike is driven.

3. A railway spike comprising, in combination, a head having an overhanging lip, a surface below said lip inclined downward and in the direction of overhang of said lip and adapted to underlie an object to be held by said lip, a cani surface opposite said inclined surface and upon ythe back of the spike adapted to throw said inclined surface under an object to be held, a perpendicular portion below said inclined surface and cam surface, and aV oint sloped away from the front of the spike so as to turn thespike in the tie with the head pressed toward the object to be held.

e. A. railway spike comprising, in combination, a head having an overhanging lip, parallel vertical surfaces upon the front and back of the spike adjacent the head, a body offset in said spike toward the front side thereof below said vertical surfaces providing,` a downwardly and forwardly inclined surface upon the front of the spike to underlie a held object, and a cam surface on the back the spike to throw said inclined surface toward the object when the spike is driven, parallel vertical surfaces upon the front and back of the spike below said last nained offset, the vertical surface on the back of the spike extending to the point thereof, a curved cani surface extendingl from the second nained vertical surface on the front of the spike to the point thereof, said last ynained cain surface. adapted to throw the spike to a vertical position after being started into a tie in a slanting position.

HUBERT E. HAR-RES. JAWES H. DONEY.

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