US1403057A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

F. OLSQN.

0H. BURNER.

APPLICATLON HLD vlum( 26,1920.

Patented Jan.10,1922.

m, N NYY PTENT OFFIQE.

i FRANCIS OLSON, 0F STORY CITY, IOWA.

011'.. BURNER.

ineens?.

application fnea aus? 26, 1920. serial Nager-)secr Y '0 all fio/1.0m t may concern.'

P-e it known that l, FRANCIS OLSON, a citizen of the United States, of Story City, in the county of Story and State of lowa, `have invented certain new and useful improvements in Oil Burners; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

My invention relates to 0ilburners,` and it has for its objects to provide a device of this character adapted to burn eitherheavy oils, such as petroleum crude oil, or light oils, such as alcohol; onewhieh may be used to burn a mixture of oil, air and steam, air and oil or oil alone; and such a burner in which the oil or oil, air and steam is heated in its passage to the point of ignition.

A. further object is to provide an improved oil-burner which can be easily cleaned by' forcing live steam through the burner and also by movable plungers or needle valves placed opposite the burnerjets and operated from the outside, in case the burner should at any time become clogged by 4 reason of using extra heavy oils or for other reasons, and still further objects are to provide an oil-burner in which the How of oil and steam or oil alone can be regulatedautomatically by ar steam pressure control thereby insuring a steady and uniform heat with resulting` economy in fuel; and a burner in which the steam and oil before and after becoming mixed with each other are so highly superheated as to issue from the .burner jets in the form of a highly combus- .tible gas. i

l have knowledge of oilburners in which the combination of oil, air and steam are used and in whi:h the oil is heated before being mixed with the steam but my observations of the use of steam lead me to believe that the steam must be dry, superheated steam, as saturated steam will have a tendency to lower the temperature of the flame and produce smoke. I am also aware that'some 'burners have been `provided for the superheating of the steam before 1t is'mixed with the oil. .Howeveig my burner dries and superheats the steam before it comes in contact with the oil and thereafter kthe whole mixture is subjected to furtherheat with 1 the result that if the proper degree-of supery form of a highly combustible gas which heatingis attained the mixture issues inthe burns with a white, intensely hot flame, paricuarly free from smoke and residue of any nn f ln the drawings, Figure 1 is a view of the burner from `the front y of the furnace showing the burner base. Figure 2 is an inside end view of the burner with the 4cap and valve removed. Figure 3 is a sectional view of the burner taken through two of the two or more jets or fuel outlets with which it will be provided.

Referring to the drawings, l is a casing which I call the burner head. It is of ycylindrical form open at onefend. lnto and through the closed end is screwed a steam pipe 2. Inside the steam pipe is an oil pipe 3, and within this oil pipe and extending through the burner head is the stem 4 of a valve 5 adapted for automatic operation in a manner to be hereinafter described. 6 indicates the burner jets or fuel outlets ofwhich there may be two or more, depending upon the size of the burner. These burner jets or nozzles may form a part of the casing 1 or4 they may be separate parts screwed into the openings therein. The burner jets are preferably flared in known manner to secure a twist or spread of tne ame. 6 indicates the air intakes which will vary in number according tothe number of burner jets or fueloutlets. 7 is a casing or pipe surrounding a generator or mixing tube la but which is of less length than the tube. 8 indicates additional air intake space between the casing 7 and a short casing kor pipe 9 set in the brickwork of the furnace or in the fire box as the case may be and surrounding the burner proper. Pipe 7 is perforated, as at 13, to admit air to the flame. By closing the oil valve and forcinglive steam through a blow out hole 10 the burner may be quickly and effectively cleaned. The generator tube 14, oil and rsteam pipes are "of a diameter to provide ample space for the passage of they oil, steam,

pipe 2 and thereby forms a cup which when j the burner is in a vertical position catches any fuel not immediately gasiflcd. It also causes the newly formed gas to flow close to the hottest part of the kgenerator tube Vor cylinder head over the cylinder 30. 'short rody 28 passing through this cylinder' Vhead is threaded in such manner as to per- 'mit the rod to be screwed in or out and there- -vent the valve V5 from opening or closing more than' is desired. The 'space between the end of the steam pipe 2 and the valve may be regulated by moving the fuel valve 5 either `up or down 'on the valve stem and fastening bygnieans o-f-one or more set Screws.

The generator tube 14 may be centered within the casings 7 and 9 by any preferred means lsuch as'screws 11 extending through casings 7 and 9..l The apertures or perforations 13 in casing 7 admit air` drawn in vthro-ugh the openings 8 into the Haine chainb'er. The oil and steam pipes are appropriately connected tosources of supply. The

steam pipe 2 has an extension to which is attacheda cylinder 30 in such manner that the piston head-25 on valve ystem et has a slight sliding movement within one endl of the cylinder; Within the cylinder is a coil spring yZGjone end of which `abuts the piston 25 and the other a short rod'28, at'the end ofV which is attached a small hand wheel 27. packing lgland formed by providing a cap ihe by increasing or decreasing the pressure rof spring 26 within the cylinder.` It will be seen that the steam pressure of the boiler acting directly against the piston 25 and the valve 5,'will, when sufficient to overcome the pressure of the spring 26, force the piston outward and against the spring, thereby partially or completelyclosing the valve 5 and partially or completely shutting off the fuel.

lii/hentlie steam pressure recedes to a vpoint where the spring overcomes the steam pressure the valve will open to admit additional fuel. ByV means of the hand wheel 27 the springpcanybe adjusted so as to operate at any desired steam pressure. In this manner' provided an automatic control over the fuel supply7 by means o f'a steam pressure control operated by a rising orv lowering steam pressurein the boiler v2Lishows a needle valve set Vin a packing gland 23, the

purpose Vof which i'sjto. provide an easy means ofvcleamng thenozzles or gets 6 in case they jfshould become clogged.

From the foregoing it will'be seen that the Z; oil entering the pipe 3 flows through the pipe into the burner, being heated on the way byy The grooves of the coupling.

steam in pipe 2. lAt the automatic valvev the oil is atomized by the steam and the resulting mixture is formed into gas within the generator tube 1/1. Passing back vto thel burner head the gas is blown through the jets or nozzies 6 with great force, inducing an air draft through the spaces 6 and 8 (Figure 1). mitted through holes 13 in casing 7 (Figure 3) thereby mixing thoroughly with the gas. T he bursts into fiame near the end of the casing 9.

While in the foregoing description I have The air from space 8 is admore especially referred to the use of oil and ond casing having a vseries of.- apertures, a

mixing tubev centrally disposed of said Y'second casing and screwed into the rear end of 'said casing, a steam-pipe within said mixlng tube, an oil pipe within'said steam pipe, each of said pipes V,extending through the major portion of said mixing` tube, a valve for automatically closing the outlet from said steamY and oil pipes into said mixingr tube,

and a series of jet burners formed 'in the rear end of the'mixing tube and havingv fuel supply connections with said tube.

v 2. An oil burner including an vouter cylinldrical'casi'ng, a' second Ycasing Within said first casingy and spaced therefrom, said casings'having air intakes at the rear ends,'said 'second casing having a series of aperturesa mixing tube-centrally VVdisposed of said second casing and screwed into the rear end of said casing, saidlmixing tube extending be yond the inner ends'of said casings, a steam pipe within said mixing tube, an oil pipe within saidsteam pipe, each of said pipes extending through themajor portion of said mixing tube, avalve for automatically closing the outlets from said steam and oil pipes into said mixing tube, and a series of jet burners formed in the rear end of the mixing tube and having fuel supply connections with said tube, the flame from said jets sur# rounding and heating said mixing tube.

3. An oil burner including a-n outer cylindrical casing, Va second casing within said first casing and spaced therefrom, said casings'havingair intakes atthe rear ends, said second casing having` a series of apertures, a mixing tube centrally disposed of said secondcasing and screwed into the rear end of said casing, ra'steam pipe within said mixing tube, an oil pipewithin said steam pipe, each of said pipes extending through the major portion of said mixing tube, a valvek for closing the outlet from said steam and oil pipes into said mixing tube, means actuated by steam pressure for controlling the closing movement of said valve, and a series of jet burners formed in the rear end of the mixing tube and having fuel supply connections With said tube.

4. An oil burner including an outer cylindrical casing a second casing Within said first casing and spaced therefrom, said casings having air intakes at the rear ends,said second casing having a series of apertures, a mixing tube centrally disposed of said second casing and screwed into the rear end of said casing, a steam pipe Within said mixing tube, an oil pipe Within said steam pipe, each or" said pipes extending through the major portion of said mixing tube, a valve for closing the outlet from said steam and oil pipes into said mixing tube, spring tension means for normally maintaining said valve in open position7 a piston connecting With said valve and actuated by steam pressure for closing said valve against the tension of said spring,

and a series of jet burners formed in the rear end of the mixing tube and having fuel suppl connections with said tube.

5. Xn oil burner including an outer cylindrical casing, a second casing Within said Y first casing and spaced therefrom, said casing having air intakes at the rear ends, said second casing having a series oi apertures, a mixing tube centrally disposed of said second casing and screwed into the rear end of said casing, said mixing tube extending beyond the inner ends of said casings, a steam pipe Within said mixing tube, an oil pipek Within said steam pipe, each of said pipes extending through the major portion of said mixing tube, a valve for automatically closing the outlet from said steamand oil pipes into said mixing tube, a series of jet burners formed in the rear end of the mixing tube and having fuel supply connections With said tube, the flame from said jets surrounding and heating said mixing tube, and a needle valve for each jet.

In testimonyy whereof I have signed this specification.

FRANCIS OLSON.

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