US1469770A - Oil-burning furnace - Google Patents

Description

I Oct. 9, 1923.

L. G. BOSTEDO OIL BURNING FURNACE Filed Feb. 9. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 @y @ffm L. G. BOSTEDO OIL BURNING FURNACE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb, '9,

Oct. 9 1923. 1,469,770

1 G. BosTEDo -v OIL BURNING FURNACE Filed Feb. 9, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 LOUIS G.` BOSTEDO, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

OIL-BURNIN G FURNACE.

Application filed February E, 1922. Serial No. 585,154.

To all whom t'my concern v Be it known that I, Louis G. Bosrrnno, a citizen of the United States, residin at Chicago, in the county of Cook and of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces of that type. which are designed to utilize kerosene or cruder forms of oil as fuel, andv has reference more particularly to' that type of such furnaces wherein the oil is supplied to the fire box of the furnace in theform of a continuously burning jet. One object of the Ainvention is to provide an improved oil burning furnace of that type that does not require the use of moving mechanism such as fans, blowers, pumps or other extraneous mechanical means for forcing and spraying the oil into the fire box, but effects such injection of the oil and air to support combustion through the agency of a steam jet.

Another object is to provide a furnace of the character specified wherein the steam generated in the furnace may also'be utilized to supply the water required for .the generation of steam in situations where the water is not under main pressure or the main pressure is insufficient, and `wherein the steam thus used is also returned to the furnace and its heat thus conserved.

Other objects are to provide an improved steam generator specially adapted t0 the purposes and conditionscf my oil burning furnace; to provide an implved automatic regulator for the water supply-to thesteam generator; and to provide?. M i1/improved flame guard for controlling 5-'the-"access of the burning jet to the boiler" ofthesteam generator. l Other objects and attendant advantages of the invention will be apparent to per-v sons familiar with this art fromthe .accompanying description, taken in connection with the drawings, wherein I have illustrated one practical and workable embodiment of the invention, and in which- Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a furnace of the round type, showing my improved oil inducing and Aburning apparatus applied thereto, parts of such apparatus appearing in vertical section;

Fig. Q is a horizontal section taken substantially on the odset line 2 2 of Fig. l;

tate

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the lower portion of the oil tank, showing a steam heating coil therein;

Fig. 4 is a central vertical section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. 5 is 'a fragmentary front elevation` of the boiler housing showing thevadjustable flame guard or damper for the front opening thereof. v

The present invention has been desi ed chiefly to sup ly domestic heating p ants for use in dwe ling houses, apartments, and i the like; and its'chief characteristics com# prise a boiler located in the lire box of the furnace, which maintains a head of steam, and a steam pipe leading out therefrom, which sucks the oil from an oil tank and forces it into an atomizer .equipped with a burner nozzle. Another steam pipe may be used to induce a stream of air into the atomizer in'order that the atomizing may be done in large partyby a fluid favoring combustion, instead of by steam alone, which tends'to smother the lire. 'A third steam pipe 1s preferably used to heat the oil in the oil tank and on its way to the atomizer; 4

while a fourth steam pipe is used to inject the water into the boiler in situations where the main pressure is not available or Sullicient for this purpose.

Referring to the drawings, 6 designates l In situationsl where the oil 'I In the v present drawings I have shown the wall of the fire box as vprovided with a round o ening 9 through which the burning jet fliom thek nozzle of the atomizer enters the fire box, the outer end of said opening being extended around the 'burner nozzle By an inwardly tapered ring 10 attached to the burner nozzle, an annular opening for the induction of atmospheric air to support` combustion.

Located centrally within the lire box 8 is a steam boiler in which steam is generated" to serve as the agent for inducing atomizfurnace wall 6 and providing, with the 'l ing and spraying the oil and directin the burning, jet into the fire box. This boi er 1s preferably encased within an upright circu lar boiler housing 11 that is preferably disposed coaxially with the fire box itself and in coaxial alinement with the latter. 13

designates a water supply `pipe that extends through and is supported by the walls 6, 7

I and 11, and at its inner end carries a lshort upright cylinder 14 forming in part the casing of an 'automatlc water regulator valve. Connected into and extendlng upwardly from the cylinder 1 4 `is a vertical tube'l on the upper end of which is mount ed the lower head 16 of a boiler. cylinder 17, this latter being provided with a similar upper boiler head 18. Connected 1nto and depending from the lower boiler head 16 1s va circular group of water legs 19 closed at their lower ends by caps 20. All of these water legs, together with the central tube 15 which also has the function of a water leg, communicate freely at their upper ends with the boiler cylinder or tank 17. Fitted coaxially Within the cylinder 14 is a-tube 21 closed at its lower end by a threaded plug 22 and communicating atits upper end with the central tube or water leg l5. In the side ofthe tube 21 which lies opposite 4the delivery end of the w-ater pipe 13 is a vertical row of ports 23 whichvare adapted to be covered and uncovered by a sliding piston valve 24- mounted on the lower .end of the stem 25 of a ball oat 26 that 'lies within the boiler tank 17, and has a diameterI slightly less than the diameter of the latter. The mechanism last described obviously functions as 'an automatic regulator to maintain a. substantially constant amount ofwater in the boiler. As the generation and consumption of steam increases, the water level of course falls, and this lowers the. valve 24, thus bringing an increased number of water supply ports 23 into action, and thus restoringthe normal level of the water. Conversely, when the generation and consump-v tion of steam decreases, the water level in the tank 17 rises, the valve 24 rising at the same time and' reducing the number of active water supply ports. The travel of the valve 24 is so limited byl the plug-'22 and -a pin 26' on the. Hoat that it can never en-` irely overrun the ports 23 in either direcion.

llt may also be noted that the water legs 19 are located directly behind the opening 12 of the boiler housing, through which opening the intensely hot flames an-d gas of the burning jet are free to impinge directly on said Water legs, by reason of which, and of the further fact that the said legs present a large surface area to the external incarna a central. T' coupling 27 open at its lowerA end to the steam chamber by lateral ports 28. From this 'l' couplingv there extend downwardly within the boiler housing 11 a pair of steam pipes 29 and .30. From'the lower end "of pipe 29 there extends out- Wardly through the Walls of the boiler housing and lire `box a pipe 31 which leads into an atomizer that is located d'irectlv in the lower end of the other vertical pipe 30 there-extends outwardly through the walls of the boiler housing and lire box asimilar steam pipe 32, which also.' leads into the atomizer.

Fig. 2 shows in horizontal section a prac tical construction of the atomizer, the same comprising acentral body or shell 33 having a forwardly directed burner nozzle 34 and -a pair of oppositely extending lateral branches 35 and 36. Into the under side of `the branch 35 there is led an oil supply pipe 37 (Fig. 1) terminating in a nozzle v38 located opposite and delivering the oil to the flaring mouth of an elbow-shaped central oil delivery pi zle of which ies coaxial with the burner nozzle 34. .The steam pipe 32 leads, through a T coupling 40 equipped with a cut off valve 41, into the outer end of the atomizer branch 35, delivering the steam around the oil nozzle 38, the flow of the steam thence through the delivery pipe 39 inducing the oil with` it, and the commi'ngled steam and' oil being discharged in the form of Ia spray at the tlp of the delivery pipe 39.`

On the under side of the branch 36 I preferably provide' an air supply opening 42, best shown in Fig. 1; and into the outer end vof the branch 36 is connected the steam supply pipe 31, the same` being equipped with a cut off valve 43 and terminatingin a nozzle 44 located directly opposite to and in line with a tapered induction tube 45, the flow of steam through the latter inducing an inflow of air through the opening 42. From the induction tube 45 the steam and air flowginto an oil jet regulating device, this latter consisting of a tubular member 46 slidably fitted within the body and burner nozzle 39, the delivery end or nozof the atomizer, and provided on the one y side with an opening 47 for the passage of the steam and air into the same, and on the other side with a slot 48 to to accommodate the steam and oil delivery pipe 39. The forward end of the regulator tube 46 extends somewhat beyond lthe forward end of the steam and oil delivery pipe 39 and is tapered inwardly and forwardly around the` latter,

l thereby Aproviding an annular passage for the steam and air.v This annular passage 1s enlarged or constricted by adjusting the regulator tube forwardly or rearwardly, which may be done by means of an adjusting screw 49 engaged with the outer end or head of theI regulating tube and rotatably mounted in a' detachab ecap 50'on the outer end of the atomizer body', and prov1ded w1th a hand wheel 51;

In vsituations where ythere isfno available water main pressure for supplylng water to theboiler, or where the main pmssure may be inadequate, I interpose in the water supply pipe 13 a steam injector which is shown Ain Fig; 1 and designated as an entire-ty by `52. The structural features of the injector herein shownv 4are old and known, and constitute no part of my present invention. vThe injector is l supplied w1th "steam by a branch pipe 53which may lead from the pipe 31, as indicated in Fig. 2.

The oil supply pipe' 37 leads from a point near the bottom of an oil tank indicated at 54 in Fig.'3; and in order to preliminarily heat the oil in the tank and on its way to the atomizer, I preferably tap one of the main steam supply pipes, such as'the pipe 32, by a branch pipe 55 which'extendsalongside the oil pipe 37 to a heating coil 55 1n the tank 54, preferably encircling the lower end of the oil pipe 37 and thence back on the opposite side of the oil pipe 37, whence it isl extended and connected into the water sup-` ply pipe 13, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.- The two limbs of the steam pipe 55 which lie alongside the oil pipe 37 are, with the latter, preferably lencased in -a tube or wrap.- vper 56of heat insulating material.

To start the furnace in operation it is, of course, necessary to provide means for initially raising steam in the boiler, and for this purpose I preferably employ an annular gas burner 57 located,r in the bottom of the boiler housing 11 directly beneath the water legs 19; said burner being provided on its upper side with a vseries of jet nozzles 58- a apted to direct the gas flames against the lower ends of the waterlegs 19. The burner 57 is, of course, provided with. a suitable gas supply pipe 59 conveniently led in through the lower ends of-the furnace and boiler housing walls, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. l

In the water supply pipe 13 is interposed. an ordinary cut off valve 60, and also a check valve 61.

To control the intensity of the fire, Iprovide in association with the opening 12 in the boiler housing a manually controllable fiame damper. This flame damper may be of any practical form or structure but in Figs. 4 and 5 I haveshown a preferred type of flame damper comprising a pair of oppositely facing substantially semi-circular slabs or plates 62 of fire resisting material that are suspended from a pair of pivot, pins 63 just above the opening 12 so as to hang freely from the latter and be normally self-closing, as indicated .in Fig. 5. The hinge lugs of the two plates or slabs 62 carry intermeshing pinions 64, and one of,

the pivot pins 63 is extended in the form of a shaft through the lfurnace lwall and carries a sprocket wheel 64' thatl may be connected by a section of sprocket chain 65 and wires 66 to a regulatingsprocket a Hoor above the basement.

When the furnaceis idle, the water is turned off by closing the cut off valve 60.

(not shown) lin In starting the furnace in operation, the

water is first turned on until the boilervis filled up to the normal operating level, and then turned off while raising steam by means of the gas burner. As soon as the atomizer delivers a jet of oil and steam through the burner nozzle the jet is ignited, `and then, or shortly thereafter, the water is again turned on and its feed to the boiler regulated and controlled automatically by the float and regulator valve. In the nor- .mal operationof the furnace, the generated steam pressure is automatically maintained at or slightly below the water pressure where the latter 1s supplied under the pressure of a water main. first installed and tested, the atomizer regulator 46 is set to giveu' the proper ratioof steam and oil or steam, air and oil to seh (ru-re the thorough atomizing of the latter,

and thereafter the Volume of flame directed induced by the jet through the air induction ring 10 and opening 9 surrounding the burner nozzle, but lthe described induction of air to rthe atomizer facilitates the breakingup of the oil and also boosts the com- When the apparatus is buston, and hence is preferably used. The

'induced air also cools down the steam and thereby prevents the formation of carbon in the atomizer nozzle. The oil level is preferably maintained slightly below the level of the atomizer, which enables alow pressure steam jet Ato efficiently serve as the oil-inducing agent, and at the same time avoids all danger of accidental flooding such' as sometimes occurs where the oil is introduced under a hydrostatic head or by means of a pump or fluid pressure.

While ll have herein-shown and described one embodiment of my invention which has been demonmrated in practice and found to satisfactorily eectuate the stated purposes and objects of the invention, it is manifest that the details of structure and arrange- Y ment may be varied from those'shown withsteam generator, said atomizer having an air-induction o ening, an oil supply pipe leading into sai atomizer, a pipe from said generator leading into said atomizer and supplying steam for the induction of oil, and another pipe from said generator leading into said atomizer for the induction of alr. v

2. ln an oil burning furnace, the combination with a fire-box formed with an opening in a wall thereof, of a steam. generator located in said lire-box, an atomizer located opposite said opening and formed with an opening for the induction of air, said atomizer terminating in a burner nozzle directed into said opening and toward saidsteam generator, an oil supply pipe connected into said atomizer, means for supplying an oil and air inducing How of steam from said generator to said atomizer, a water supply pipe connected into said generator, an injector interposed in said water supply pipe,

anda steam supply pipe from said generamizer, and a steam supply tor to said injector. v A 3. ln an oil burning furnace, the combination with a re chamber formed with an opening in a side wall thereof, of a boiler housing in said nre chamber formed-With an opening opposite said fire :chamber opening, a boiler in said boiler housing-,'anlatomizer terminating in a burner nozzle directed into both of said openingsand toward saidv boiler, an oil supply pipe connectedjinto' saidfatopipe 'from `said boiler to said atomizer.

d. ln an oil burning furnace, the-combination with a lire chamber having an opening in a side wall thereof, of a boiler housing in said re chamber formed with an opening opposite said tire chamber opening, a boiler in said boiler housing, an atomizer mounted externally of .said tire chamber and terminating in a burner nozzlel directed into both of said openings, an oil supply pipe connected into said atomizer, a steam supply incerto pipe from said boiler to said atomizer for the induction of oil, and means forvaryn the volumelof flame admitted through sai boiler housing opening whereby to regulate the amount of oil drawn into the atomizer through variations in the volumeand pressure of steam nerated in said boiler.

5. ln an oil urning furnace, the combination with a `fire chamber formed with an opening ina side wall thereof, of a boiler housing in said fire chamber formed with an opening opposite said fire chamber opening, a boiler in said boiler housing, an atomizer mounted externally of said lire chamber and terminating in a burner nozzle directed into both of said openings and toward the lower portion of said boiler, an oil supply pipe connected into said atomizer, a steam supply pipe from said boiler to said atomizer, and an adjustable damper for said boiler heusing opening for adjusting` the eective area of the latter.

6. ln an oil burning furnace, the combination with a fire chamber formed with an opening in a Wall thereof, of a steamv boiler located in said fire chamber, an atomizer located opposite said opening and terminating in a burner nozzlel directed into the latter, an oil supply pipe connected into said atomizer, means for supplying an oil inducing current of steam from said boilerto said atomizer, and 'a gas burner for `initiallv generating steam in said boiler.

7. ln an oil burning furnace, the combination with a fire chamber formed with an opening in a wall thereof, vof a boiler housing in said lire chamber having an opening located opposite the fire chamber opening. a steam boiler within said housing, an .atomizer located exteriorly of said fire chamber and terminating in a burner nozzle dil rected into both of said openings, an oil supply pipe connected into said atomizer, a steam supply pipe from said boiler to said atomizer, and a gas burner located in said housing beneath said boiler.

8. lln an oil burning furnace, the combination with a fire box formed with an opening in a wall'thereof, vof a steam boiler located in said' fire box, an atomizer located opposite said. opening and terminating in a burner nozzle directed into the latter, an oil vsupply pipe connected into said atomizer, a steam supply pipe from said boiler to said s atomizer, a water supply pipe leading into said boiler, an injector interposed in said Water supply pipe, and a steam pipe leading from said boiler to said-injector.

9, ln an oil burning furnace, the combination with a fire box' formed with an opening in -a Wall thereof, of a steam boiler lop cated in said tire box, an atomizer located opposite .said opening and terminating in a burner nozzle directed into the latter, an oil supply pipeconnected into said atomizer, a

water supply pipe leading into said boiler, supply pipe for said boiler, an oil tank, air 10 and automatic means in sa1d boiler for reguoil supply pipe leading from said tank into lating the supply of Water thereto.4 said atomizer, a steam pipe from said boiler 10. In an oil burning furnace, the combi 'to said atomizer, and a steam pipe from said- 5 nation with a lire box formed with an openboiler leadin through said oil Vtank for ing in a Wall thereof, of a steam boiler loheating the oil in the latter and connected, 15. cated in said lire box, an atomizer locatedx into said water supply pipe. opposite said openin and terminating in a burner nozzle directed into the latter, a Water LOUIS G. BOSTEDO.

Images