US1498149A - Cleansing soap - Google Patents

Description

Patented June 17, 1924.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER J. BERG, F OAK PARK, ILLINOIS. v

/ cnnansme soar.

I No Drawing,

oils, for instance kerosene, act as cleansing agents through their action in dissolving grease. It has heretofore been suggested to add to soap some light hydrocarbon oil, for instance naphtha or turpentine, to increase its detergent properties. The advantage thus gained has been, however, quite limited owing to the fact that soap alone will hold in solution only a small proportionate quantity of the hydrocarbon oil.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a soap having improved cleansing properties through its holding in solution an excess of light hydrocarbon oil, and by the term excess as used in this connection and in the appended claims I mean a materially larger amount of oil than the soap alone is capable of holding in solution.

The desired results are accomplished according to these improvements by adding to the compound a substance having the property of increasing the solubility of the hydrocarbon oil in an aqueous soap solution.

Among such. substances I may mention terpineol, geraniol and other terpene alcohols, among which, in view of cost considerations, terpineol will be found to be the most available at. the present time. I may mention also benzyl alcohol and its homologues such as phenyl ethyl alcohol, methyl benzyl alcohol, etc., and there are other aromatic alcohols well known which might also be used if found to be commercially available.

My improved soap may have the form of a liquid, a paste or a solid, and hereinafter I shall describe methods and proportions well suited to the manufacture of each of these several kinds. According to my commercial practice kerosene is used as the hydrocarbon cleansing or detergent oil and terpineol as the substance or agent for increasing the solubility of the kerosene in soap whereby the soap may hold the described excess of kerosene in solution.

In making my improved soap in liquid form I may take any suitable water-soluble soap and make from it a liquid solution, adding thereto the hydrocarbon oil with sufli- Application filed July 18, 1921. Serial K0. 485,700.

cient agitation to produce a homogenous distribution and effect the desired solubility of the detergent oil, as kerosene, in the soap.

If the process be begun with the saponification step any suitable animal or vegetable oil, cocoanut oil for example, may be saponified with caustic potash, diluting with water to obtain a solution containing about twentythree per cent of actual soap. To this cent of kerosene on the weight of the soap solution, together with an equal quantity of terpineol. The mixture is at first cloudy but with agitation the solution clears and is ready for use as a liquid soap.

To make the compound in a paste form fifty parts of a suitable animal or vegetable oil may be mixed with about seventeen parts of kerosene and six parts of terpineol, all according to weight, together with a saponifying agent such as caustic soda dissolved in water, making a total of one hundred parts. The amount of caustic may be readily determined by anyone skilled in the art according to the saponification value v I of the particular oil employed. Upon completion of the saponification the solution is ready for use as a paste soap.

It may be mentioned that it is not necessary to add the kerosene and the terpineol to the saponifiable oil in the first instance but, as in the case of the liquid soap, the

saponification may be completed first and the'other substances added to the hot mass; or the oil and other substances may be worked into the plastic mass by mechanical means upon cooling.

In making the solid form of the soap about sixty parts of hard fat such as tallow may be mixed with about twelve parts of kerosene and about five parts of terpineol,

all by weight, there being added thereto the proper amount. of saponifying agent such as caustic soda dissolved in sufficient .seminated throughout the mass by a mechanical mixing. p

In all instances the detergent oil and the may be added about two and one-half peragent for increasing its solubility in the soap may be added to the oil or fat before the saponification takes place, or to the saponified mass; and in all cases, too, the soap may be made by taking a soap which is either in liquid, paste or solid form, and working into it homogeneously the described excess of the detergent oil and the other substance for rendering such oil more soluble in the soap.

The soap compound thus produced contains a relatively large amount of actual soap, and, while the amount of detergent oil is relatively small, it is materially greater than that which the soap normally has ca pacity to dissolve, and the improved product has unusually high cleansing properties.

Any of the light hydrocarbon oils, either alone or mixed with others, may be used as the detergent oil. The most efiicient will be found to have a boiling point between sixty and two hundred andfifty degrees centigrade.

The proportions herein given for kerosene and terpineol may be followed in the use of other detergent oils and other alcohols used for increasing the solubility of the detergent oil in the soap.

I claim:

1. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists in taking a water-soluble soap, mechanically mixing therewith an excess of relatively light hydrocarbon oil, and also mechanically mixing therewith an alcohol having a relatively high boiling point and having the property of increasing the solubility of the hydrocarbon oil in an aqueous soap solution, the respective proportions of the soap, said oil and said alcohol being such that said oil is substantially dissolved in the soap, and the combined Weight of said oil and said a1- cohol is less than the weight of the soap.

2. The method of making a cleansing soap which comprises the saponification of a-fat or oil to make a water-soluble soap, adding to the mass an excess of relatively light hydrocarbon oil, and adding also an alcohol having a relatively high boiling point and having the property of increasing the solubility of the hydrocarbon oil in an aqueous soap solution, the respective proportions of the soap, said oil and said alcohol being such that said oil is substantially dissolved in the mass.

3. The method of making cleansing soap 4. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists in mechanically mixing with water-soluble soap an excess of hydrocarbon oil having a boiling point between sixty degrees centigradeand two hundred and fifty degrees centigrade, and also mechanically mixing therewith terpineol, the respective proportions of the soap, hydrocarbon oil and terpineol being such that the hydrocarbon oil is substantial- 1y dissolved in the soap.

5. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists in mechanically mixing with water-soluble soap an excess of kerosene, and also mechanically mixing therewith terpineol, th proportions being such that the kerosene is substantially dissolved in the soap.

6. The method of making a cleansing soap compound which consists in mechanically mixing terpineol with water-soluble soap and mechanically mixing with the soap and terpineol such a quantity of kerosene as will dissolve in the rest of the mixture.

7. A water-soluble cleansin soap .con-

taining an excess of a light hy rocarbon oil and such a quantity of terpineol as will render the hydrocarbon oil soluble in the soap, the weight of the soap being much greater than that of said oil.

8. A liquid cleansing soap containing from twenty per cent to thirty-five per cent of actual soap in water solution, from two per cent to five per cent of a light hydrocarbon oil, and from two per cent to five per cent of a high-boiling alcohol having the property of causing said hydrocarbon oil to dissolve in the soap.

9. A liquid cleansing soap containing from twenty per cent to thirty-five per cent of actual soap in water solution,.from two per cent to five per cent of kerosene, and from two per cent to five per cent of terpineol.

OLIVER J. BERG.