US1487689A - Oil burner for furnaces - Google Patents

Description

March 18, 1924. 1,487,689

H. w. MANNING OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES Filed Vom. 17. 1922 Patented Mar. 18, i324.

UNITE STATES HAR-RY W. MANNING, OE ORTLAND, OREGON.

OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES.

Application filed October 17, i922. Serial No. 595,134.

To @ZZ whom t may concern Be it known that l, HARRY lV. MANNING, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Port ane, county of Multnomah, and State of lGreg/on, have invented a. certain new and useful Improvement in Oil Burners for Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

rl-he object of my inventiombroadly speaking, is to provide a` means by which fuel oil of a low viscosity may be effectively used in a furnace and at the same time municipal .tire ordinances can be obeyed, which provide that fuel burners can not be installed in which the fuel oil is supplied to the burner under pressure. Devices which require the oil to be so supplied constitute a serious fire hazard, inasmuch as a small leak in the pipe sprays the oil over a relatively large area which is thus made easily combustible.l

The specific feature of my invention is to provide a combustion chamber in which the fuel oil is partially atomized and partially vap rized, dependent on the heat of the walls of the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber breaks up the liquid fuel and renders it more combustible and therefore allows it to be lighted more easily.

A further and more specic object is to shape the combustion chamber so that the flame generated will tend to remain within its walls but a portion will be deflectedso that it will heat the mixing chamber of my device, and thus tend to vaporize the fluid passing therethru.

I have achieved these and other objects in a device consisting of a basin like body which constitutes a combustion chamber one wall side of which extends straight across, he other being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal vaporizing and mixing chamber which enters thru the middle and at the bottom of said semi-circular wall side is arranged in a position so as to be normal to said straight wall side. This mixing chamber is divided by a partition extending longitudinally thru 'he same, a source of fuel being connected to the portion on one side of the partition and a source of compressed air being tapped to the other side of the partition.

lt can thus be seen 'that the fuel oil is not subjected to pressure at any point except within the mining chamber itself in which the air in passing the oil tends to atomize the same slightly due to the velocity of the air. When the oil is ignited the velocity of the air tends to increase the heat of combustion.

These and other objects are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a fragmentary elevation of a furnace with parts broken away to show my oil burner in position and connected with a source of air pressure;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my oil burner detached;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the oil burner taken on the line 3-3 of F ig. fl;

Fig. 4 is a similar section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 isa perspective sectional view of my oil burner from which the basin like body has been detached.

My oil burner is adapted to be installed in any standard type of furnace as a.. It can be installed so as to rest on the ash pit b and its open. top extending into the lire box as shown. If the device is installed in this manner the air pipe c and the fuel pipe d can be inserted thru the ash door opening e in front of the furnace. Air is supplied from any type of compressing means such as the centrifugal fan y. In practical operation it is found that the centrifugal fan is the preferable means of operating the air inasmuch as the pressure can be controlled readily by increasing or decreasing the speed of the fan and thus it is unnecessary to install an air supply tank.

My oil burning device g consists of abasin like combustion chamber L and a horizontal vaporizing and mixing chamber z'. The combustion chamber is made substantially semi-circular in section and the mixing chamber z' is preferably made square with a rounded portion j on one end which is adapted to be connected with the air supply pipe c. The mixing chamber is divided by a partition wall m. The fuel line d is tapped to the portion Z on the under side of the partit-ion wall m and the air is tapped to the portion 7c on the upper side. The portion thru which the air passes is preferably reduced to the section so as to increase the velocity of the air passing therethru. Thus as the air passes over the end m of the partition m it tends to atomize the fuel passing on the other side due to the velocity o-f the air passing. It can be readily understood that the relation between the oil and the air can be varied to conform to the viscosity of the oil and the need of the particular installation.

In the accompanying drawings the air is arranged soas to pass over the surface of the oil. It can be readily understood that the same effect or better could be obtained by having the oil admitted on top and the air underneath so that the oil dripping over the end m of the partition wall m would have to pass thru this jet of air and thus be thoroly atomized. The same would follow, altho to a less degree, if the partition wall were vertical and the air and oil were admitted side by side. The straight section of wall n is lined as at n so as to protect the metal from the tremendous heat of combustion of the fuel oil which is thrown directly against the wall. The mixture of oil and air strikes this back wall squarely and thus any portions which are 4not burned are broken into smaller particles which renders them more combustible.

The lining n is made preferably of fire brick and is held by lips o and o which are cast integral with the combustion chamber and form a pocket in which these bricks can be inserted. This construction permits the lining to be easily replaced and readily cleaned. The lower lip o also forms a transverse rib which prevents the oil, which would seep from out the mixing chamber when the device is not in operation, from saturating the lining and thus cause the device to smoke when the fire is first started. The combustion chamber being formed substantially semi-circular in section not only forms a chamber which has a large capacity in proportion to the weight of metal in the walls but also causes the mixture which is directed thru the mixing chamber to swirl and eddy in the combustion chamber. The eddies swirl back towards the mixing chamber along the walls, and side openings p are provided thru which the flames can pass out to the walls of the furnace which causes them to be heated, and the reflected heat tends to keep the mixing chamber hot enough to vaporize the mixture when the device is in operation. Holes g are also provided adjacent the mixing chamber which have flanges r around the upper end outside of the same, which tends to deflect the flames from the combustion chamber against the mixing chamber and thus cause the mixing chamber to be heated and thus further increase the vaporizing efficiency of the mixing chamber.

A. transverse rib s is provided which is placed in front of the lip m of the housing m and which forms an auxiliary reservoir in the mixing` chamber over which the air must pass. The passage of the air causes a small portion of this oil to be siphoned off and atomized and thus decreases the time necessary to ignite the oil in starting. This rib is preferably made with a tapered face as s so as to permit the blast of air to pass readily over the same and also so as to prevent carbon from forming thereon which requires an intense heat to burn out.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a burner in which the basin like body is left off and thus permits the emitted flames to project forward from the mouth. This type is especially adapted to long flreboxes, such as are used in baking ovens and the like in which it is necessary to project the flames a considerable distance beyond the mouth of the burner. A spreader t is placed in the air portion 7c if it is desired to spread the flames laterally to a greater degree than normally. This is desirable for instance, if the re doors are substantially smaller than the interior of the firebox and thus the Size of the burner is limited.

I claim:

l. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side be ing substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing Chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into parallel oil and air ducts, the walls of said body having flame openings, the openings in the wall portions adjacent said tubular chamber being provided with deflectors arranged to deflect part of the llames against said chamber thereby to heat the latter and gasify the oil admitted thru the oil duct thereof.

2. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizon` tal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into parallel oil and air ducts, the walls of said body having flame ducts, the Walls of said body having flame openings, said straight wall of the body being lined with lire brick, the floor of said body being provided with a transverse rib located in front of said lining for the purpose described.

d. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into parallel oil and air ducts, the walls of said body having flame openings, said straight wall of the body being lined with lire brick, the floor of said body being provided with transverse ribs, one thereof located in front of said lining and the other at the outlet end of said tubular chamber for the purpose described.

5. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wallside, being normal with said straight wallside, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into parallel oil and air chiots, the walls of said body having flame openings, said straight wall of the body being lined with re brick, the floor of said body being provided with transverse ribs, one thereof located in front of said lining and the other at the outlet end of said tubular chamber, the latter rib having its upper face inclined upwardly towards said straight wall of the body for the purpose described.

6. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into parallel oil and air ducts.

i. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into an oil duct at the bottom and an overlying air duct.

8. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wallside, being normal with said straight wallside, said tubular chamber being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into an oil duct at the bottom and an overlying air duct, the outlet end of said tubular chamber being reduced in cross section thereby to increase the velocity of the injected air.

9. An oil burner comprising, a basin-like body, one wall side of which extends straight across and the other wall side being substantially semi-circular, a horizontal tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber, the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom of, said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber' being divided by a partition extending part of the length thereof into an oil duct at the bottom and an overlying air duct, the inlet end of said air duct having a projecting neck.

10. In combination with a furnace, an oil burner of the character described comprising a basin-like l body inserted in the lower part of the furnace, one wall side of said body extending straight across and the other side being substantially semi-circular, a tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom, of said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a longitudinal partition, extending part of its length into parallel. oil and air ducts, an oil feed connected to the oil duct, and an air blower connected to the air duct, the walls of said body having flame openings to project the Haines against the walls of the furnace encompassing the body, and thus to deect part of the flames against said chamber thereby to heat the latter and gasify the oil admitted thru the oil duct thereof.

l1. In combination with a furnace, an oil burner of the character described comprising a basin-like body inserted in the lower part of the furnace, one wall side of said body extending straight across and the other side being substantially semi-circular, a tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom, of said semicircular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular .chamber being divided by a longitudinal partition, extending part of its length into parallel oil llO and air ducts, an oil feed connected to the oil duct, and an air blower connected to the air duct, the walls of said body having flame openings to project the flames against the walls of the furnace encompassing the body, and thus to deflect part of the flames against said chamber thereby to heat the latter and gasify the oil admitted thru the oil duct thereof, said straight wall of the body being lined with fire brick to receive the blast of fiame.

l2. In combination with a furnace, an oil burner of the character described comprising a basin-like body inserted in the lower part of the furnace, one wall side o-f said body extending straight across and the other side being substantially semi-circular, a tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom, of said semi-circular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber being divided by a longitudinal partition, extending part of its length into parallel oil and air ducts, an oil feed connected to the oil duct, and an air blower connected to the air duct, the walls of said body having fiame openings to project the flames against the walls of the furnace encompassing the body, the openings in the wall portions adjacent said tubular chamber being provided with deflectors arranged and thus `to deflect part of the flames against said chamber thereby to heat the latter and gasify the oil admitted thru the oil duct thereof.

13. In combination with a furnace, an oil burner of the character described comprising a basin-like body inserted in the lower part of the furnace, one wall side of said body extending straight across and the other side being substantially semi-circular, a tubular vaporizing and mixing chamber the outlet end of which enters thru the middle, and at the bottom, of said semiecircular wall-side, being normal with said straight wall-side, said tubular chamber' being divided by a longitudinal partition, extending part of its length into parallel oil and air ducts, an oil feed connected to the oil duct, and an air blower connected to the air duct,

the walls of said body having flame openings to project the flames against the walls of the furnace encompassing the body, the openings in the wall portions adjacent said tubular chamber being provided with deflectors arranged to deflect part of the flames against said chamber thereby to heat the latter and gasify the oil admitted thru the oil duct thereof, said straight wall of the body being lined with fire brick to receive the blast of flame.

lll. In an oil burner, an elongated mixing chamber open at one end, provided with an exterior neck at its opposite admission end, a partition dividing the space in said chamber, longitudinally adjacent said neck, an oil feed pipe entering said chamber on one side of said partition, and an air tube entering said chamber on the other side of said partition, said air tube being of greater cross section than the height of the space above said partition and tapering toward the latter.

15. In an oil burner, an elongated mixing chamber open at one end, provided with an exterior neck at its opposite admission end, a partition dividing the space in said chamber, longitudinally adjacent said neck, an oil feed pipe entering said chamber on one side of said partition, an air tube entering said chamber on the other side of said partition, and a triangular spreader located on said partition in alinement with the outlet end of said air tube, thereby to spread the air blast laterally in said chamber, and thus produce a broad flame.

1G. In an oil burner, an elongated mixing chamber open at one end, provided with an exterior neck at its opposite admission end, a partition dividingthe space in said chamber, longitudinally adjacent said neck, an oil feed pipe entering said chamber on one side of said partition, an air tube entering said chamber on the other side of said partition, and a spreader located on said partition in alinement with the outlet end of said air tube, thereby to spread the air blast laterally in said chamber, and thus produce a broad fiame.

HARRY WV. MANNING.

Images