US1480361A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

F. M. .ALLAEN Jan. 8 1924 FURNA C E Filed Nov. 2.9, 1921 /mwmlr f dan@ l Anon/vins PatentedJan. 8, 1924. I

Y 1,480,361, UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE..

FRANK M. ALLEN, or cLAYxoN'r, DELAWARE, As'sreNon 'ro .GENERAL gmI'CAL j coxrANY, or NEW YORK. N. Y.,

A` CORPORATION F NEW YORK.

rUnNAcn i y Application niea Nevember 29,1921. serai in. tiarsoi.

. To all whom t may co/rwem.'

lurgical purposes and fired by means of Be itknownf that I, FRANK M.-ALLEN, a citizen of the lUnited States, and resident of Claymont Brandywine Hundredfcounty of New Castle, and State 'of Delaware, have invented certain newfand,l useful Improvevments in F urnaces, of which the following is aspecification. A

My invention relates :to furnaces and more particularly to rotary signed primarily for chemical and metalliquid fuel The object of my-invention is to provide suchfurnaces-,with a combustion chamber .of novel construction capable `of being rotatably adjusted to successively present different portions thereof at the place of greatest wear-and which, all of its positions includes a, self-'supportingtop arch; a further ob'ectof the invention is to construct the com ustion chamber in such a manner that its ends ma. be reversed with respect to the burner an thereby increase the life of said chamber.` My ,invention contemplates further an` arrangement in which there are noV dead spaces around the flame for the collection of dead air or other.,`

gases, and in `which `the combustion chamber, or m'ore specifically, the lining thereof, is constructed in sections capablev of being readily removed and replaced lfor purposes of repair and the like. Other objects of the invention will appear from the description hereinafter andthe features of novelty will Y be pointed out in the appended claims..l

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention. without definingits limits, Ifi'gure' l' isa` diagrammatic sectional elevation othe furnace and its. `combustion chamber;

Fig. 2 s'an'end view of the combustion chamber; ig. 3 is an enlarged detail sec- -tion of a preferredform' offoil llournerwhicli may constitute the firing means, and Fig` -1 j is an end yview thereof.

In the drawingsa'Y 10 vrepresents, a rotar Y furnace 'of any conventional type whic 'may be ,supported in any -we1l known way and includes all features customarily found' in such furnaces aS,vfor instance, the usual manhole nozzles through which thev .prod-4 uct is, periodically discharged. in batches..

The furnace, as shown, is providedwith an exit opening 11 at o ne end. adapted for connection withA the customary stack (not furnaces deshown 'in the usual manner' at itsv other end, te furnace 10 is provided with an 1 i y 13 whenever this is desired or found necessary.` The cylinder 13 is mounted upon a cradle so as to be rotatable about its axis,

said cradle consisting of rollers let rotatably supported upon a carriage 15 which itself is carried by `Wheels 16, so' as to be capable of `being moved toward and away from the furnace 10, 'referably uponl a suitable track 16. T e construction further -in cludes a wall` 17 located upon the carriage 15 adjacent `to the one end of the combustion chamber a and having an aperture 18` into which the end of the oilburner 19pro`ects. As shown in ,Fig l, the combustion c amber 'a 'referably is located so as to be spaced both om the inlet opening 12 of the furnace `l0 and from thewall 17, to forman- .nulanair inlet spaces b and c res actively,

the purpose of which spacing wil appear more fully hereinafter. The burner 19 may be connected by means-of a pipe20 with a source of oil -or other liquid fuel and with a source of atomizing agenti-such as .com-

pressed air, through the me ium of a pipe '21; suitablel valves 22 and 2,3 'may be lo` cated in the pipes 20 and 21 for controlling the flow of the fuel and of the air respectively. The burner may conveniently be` mounted by' means of a swing-joint 24, so

as to be capable .o f being-swung aside to permit the removal. ofv the combustion chamber a for the purpose to be more fully Vdescribed. hereinafter. While any,v conventionalV form of burner and-particularly of liquid fuel or oilburner may be used for -l firing the furnace, a vmultiple jet burner of the type. illustrated, by way of example, in

Figs, 3 and 4, is preferred'for this purpose.

This burner comprises an atomizing nozzle25fhaving its exit'e'nd rovided with a wall 26 '-.in which a plurality of' apertures 27 areV formed, said nozzle 25 being in comics munication with' the air pipe 21; av fuel pi`pe-4 28 `connected with the oil line y20V extends into the nozzle 4'25 and terminates ina plurality of jets 29, each of which hask its exit 'end in registry with one lof the apertures 11o i 27 and in close proximity to the wall-26 of the nozzle 25. This tpe of burner gives a shorter and more e cient dame than a single 'et .burner of equal capacity, and while t e same is referred, it is not to be .understood as prefuding the use of single jet burners in place thereof. l

In practice; the flame d from `the burner 19 asses first through the aperture 18'in the wall 17, then through the cylindrical combustioncham'ber a and thenl into lthe furnace 10. At the same time, air enters the combustion chamber a through the space c and a further amount. of air passes into the furnace 10 through the spaceI b. It has been found that with the use of this construction the refractory material 13" of the combustion plained as follows:

chamber a, as well as thev refractory material located in those parts of the furnace which adjoin the s ace b lasts` a comparatively long time.

The flame d is surrounded both. within t the combustion chamber and within the inlet openingV 12 of the furnace by a layer of comparatively, cool air which insulates the' refractory material from-the flame, has` a direct cooling action on such materialand reducesv the temperature within the combustion chamber a byy reducing the amountv of heat reflected from such material. The air introduced throghthe space b is burned in the furnace proper` in a zone just beyond the inlet opening 12, that is,the final mixing and combustion occurs ata place where the -v flame flares or expands intotheffurnaceso that such air cannot be designated as false '-1 air, that is to say,'.air which merely'interthe inlet passage to the furnace and at thesame time to finish combustion of the oilas usf .freres with pro )er combustion. In other words, air is a mitted at c to protect the walls of the combustion chamber a while air is admitted at b to protect the walls along soon as possible after the latter has entered the furnace proper.

furnace, combustion is high, giving an average of fourteen per cent CO2, and the wallsA opening 11 of the furnace 10 is connected,

' preferably in such a manner that thear'nount of air passing through the space b is sui Icient to cause the ame, in passing such space, to fall slightly inward and away from the refractory lining and to permit the air to ow between the ame and such lining. The air entering throughfthe spacec exerts a similar protecting action on the refractory is fact may be ex' Thus the maximum Y heat value isextracted from the gas bythe l LantaarnI material 13 adjoining such space Within ment of the aforesaid cylinder brings a dif` ferent portion of the combustion'chamber a' to a position in which it serveseas the to of such chamber inpplace of that'portion lo the refractory material which has become worn.

The combustion chamber a may also be re-` versed end for end so as `to bring that end which is farther fram the burner and,-ac

cordinglyy is subjected to the greatest wear, linto a position adjoining the wall 1-7, its I place being taken by 'the other end which has received by far less wear. In this way the .life of the combustion chamber ma ybe said 'to be atleast four times the life o afchamthe manner described. Theladjustmentgof the composite cylinder, both as to-rotation` and reversibility, may be facilitated by first swin ing the burner 19 aside and'then moving t e carriage -15 in a direction away from;

the furnace 110. f With the arrangement described, the combustion chamber produces ka self-supporting` arch for the top thereof; that is to say, the A cylindrical,.. y forms its own top arch regar ess of the position to which the cy-linder'may be adjusted.`

combustion chamber, bein Furthermore, there are no dead spaces around theflame or 4pockets or corners c in :which dead air. or other gases may collect.

In addition to thejabove, the combustion chamber, the lining of which-isbuilt-y in sections, may easily `be repaired if one of said sections becomesl worn by taking out such damagedsectionf and replacing'it' with auf other.`

In 'some cases, for instancey when a. less *concentrated iiame is employed, `the combustion, chamber a may be so positioned as to engage with its opposite ends the wall 17` and the inlet end 12 of the furnace respec tively. With this arrangement the protecting envelope of air is not present,but otherwise the advantages are the'same as those-` previously set forth.\

Various modifications in the specific form shown and described may be made. within the scope of the claims without departing.from` the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. The combination of a furnace, a burner for firing thesame and a. rotatable combustion chamber locatedy between said furnace and burner and having its o posite ends du@ plicates of eachother where y said combuselll-lxli tion chamber may beA reversed with respect to said burner.

2. The combination of a furnace, a li uid fuel burner for firing the same, and a cy indrical combustion chamberv located between l said furnace and said burner and rotatable about its axis to different' stationary polsi-- tions .whereby successive sections of said combustion' chamber constitute the thereof. y

` 3. The combination of a furnace, a li uid fuel burner for firin the same, and a cy indrical rotatable comlustion chamber located between' said furnace and said burner and having its opposite ends duplicates of each other whereby said combustion chamber.v may be reversed with respect `to said burner, said combustion chamber being adjustable about its axis to different stationary positions whereby successive sections of said combustion chamber may be made to constitute the y top thereof.

4. The lcombination of a furnace `having an entrance at one end, a wall spaced from said end and havin l in registry with sai aperture and adapted to project a flame therethrough, and a cornbustion chamber located between said end of the furnace and said wall and having its one end spaced from said furnace end and its other end spaced from said wall to provide air inlets forsurrounding ,the flame within the combustion chamber and within the entrance to the furnace with a layer of cool' air.

5. The combination of arotary furnace having an inlet end, a wall spaced from said inlet end and provided with an aper ture, a burnerlocated in registry with said .aperture for projectin a llame therethrough and a cylindrical com ustion chamber locatedbetween saidend of the furnace andsaid wall and having du licate ends spaced, respectively, from sai saidwall to provide air inlets whereby said flame within the .combustion chamber 'and v within the entrance tothe furnace is surlliquid fuel burner located in rounded by a layer of cool air, said combustion chamber being reversible with'respect to said burner.

6. The combination of a rotary furnace having an inlet end, a wallspaced from said inlet end and provided with an aperture, a reigistry with said a rture for projecting a ame therethrong and a cylindrical combustion chamber located between said end of the furnace Aec and said wall and having duplicate ends' spaced, respectively, from said furnace end and from said wall to whereby said flame within the lcombustion an aperture, a burner v furnace end and froml rovide ain inlets nace is surrounded by a layer of cool air, said combustion chamber being reversible with respect to said burner and being rotatably adjustable about its axis to cause succhamberand within the entrance to the furcessive portions thereof to constitute the' top of said combustion chamber.

l 7 The combination of a furnace, a burner for firing the same anda combustion cham- -ber located between said furnace and burner and having its opposite ends duplicates of each .other whereby said combustion chamber may be reversed with respect to said burner,said combustion chamber compris.

ing a metal cylinder and a plurality of sections ofV refractory materia located within said cylinder to form a linin therefor.

8.. The combination of a urnace havin a iirin inlet, a burner wall provided wit an aperture, a burner projectinginto said.

aperture, and a combustion chamber interposed between said inlet andsaid burner Awall and having its ends spaced from the the burner wall reout of operative relation to said inlet by the Amovement of the carriage and mounted to turn abcutan axis parallel to the path of said carriage.

11. The combinationof a furnace having' a iirin inlet, a carriage movable toward an away rom 'said inlet, a burner wall mounted on said carriage, and a combustion chamber mounted Aon said carriage on'the side of said wall which is toward the furnace, 4and adapted to b e brought into o erative relation to the furnace inlet, said'c amber being mounted to turn about its longitudinal axis.

12. The combination of a furnace havin ai firing inlet, a. carriage movable toward and away from said inlet, a rotatable ccmbustion chamber mounted on said carriage and arranged to be brought intol and out of operative relation to said inletby the movement of the carriage, and a burner arranged to co-operate with said chamber and pivotally movable into and out of the path ,of movementof said chamber.

In testimony whereof I have hereuntoset m hand.

.y FRANK M. ALLEN.

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