US1327571A - Oil-burner - Google Patents

Description

W. R. RAY.

OIL BURNER APPLICATION FILED JAN. 15. 1919.

Pamented Jan.6,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- INVENTOR ATTORNEY-5 W. R. RAY. OILYBURNER. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 15, 1919.

1,327,57 l Patented J an, 6, 1920.

" 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY-5' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. BAY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

tarp-BURNER.

,327,57 Specification of Letters Patent. P tent d Jan, 6, 1920,

- Application filed January 15, 1919. Serial No. 271,287.

To all whom it may concern: member supporting the hollow shaft, and B Be it known that I, WILLIAM R. RAY, a the turbine by which the shaft is driven. citizen of the United States, residing at San W hile any suitable form of steam or air Francisco, in the county of San Francisco driven turbine may be employed, 1 have in 60 5 and State of California, have invented new this instance shown a turbine which conand useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, sists ofa rotor 5, keyed or otherwise secured of which the following is a specification. upon the'shaft 3. This rotor is inclosed by- This invention relates to oil burners and a housing 5* which is provided with a perespecially to rotary burners of the type manent head 6 and a steam chest'8I" Placed 66 10,shown and described in my copending ap in the casing between the steam chest and plication entitled Oil burner. filed Septhe blades 9 formed on the rotor are a series tember 25, 1916, Serial No. 122,014. of angularly' disposed nozzles 10. These One of the objects of the present invennozzles project the steam at high velocity tion is to provide a simple, substantial tur against the blades of the rotor, thus causing 70' 16 bine-driven on burner of the rotary type," this'together with the shaft supporting the in which the oil is ejected and atomized by atomizer A to revolve at high speed; in the combined action of centrifugal force actual practice between 3000 and 4000 revoand an air blast, and particularly to provide lutions and in some instances even more. a hovel means whereby the air blastor air The steam after impinging on the blades 75 20 required to' support combustion is induced of the rotor passes outwardly into an inteby means of a series of steam nozzles. rior chamber 11 formed within the casing Another object of the invention is to proand is then discharged through an exhaust vide a burner of the character described pipe 12, the live or high pressure steam bewhich is provided with a plurality of atoming admitted to the chest 8 through pipe 13. izing nozzles to permit large volumes of oil For the purpose of deflecting the steam to be handled and properly atomized, for and throwing it outwardly into the chamber instance when the burner is installed inloco- 11 after it has passed through the blades of- I motives and the like where the amount of the runner I provide a deflector 14. This oil consumed per hour often exceeds 7 deflector is keyed or otherwise secured on 80 gallons. the shaft and therefore revolves with the Another object of the invention is to prosame, the high speed of the deflector throws vide a novel bearing support for the atomthe steam outwardly by centrifugal action. izing nozzles and. the turbine driving the thus freeingthe rotor and the blades of same, and also to provide means which will steam and condensed water which might 35 prevent overheating of said bearing memotherwise accumulate. I

ber. Interposed between the deflector and the Further objects will hereinafter-appear. head 7 is a packing plate 15/ This plate is The invention consists ,of the parts and provided with a plurality of annular the construction and combination of parts, grooves as shown at 16'for the reception of 40 as hereinafter more I fully described and similarly shaped projecting flanges formed claimed, having reference to the accompanyon the deflector. This is of importance as it ing drawings, in which serves the function of labyrinth packing,

. Figure 1 is a central, vertical, longitudinal thus insuring against leakage around the section through the oil burner, the bearing shaft and furthermore eliminates the neces- 45 supporting the same and the turbine by sity of providing stuffing boxes or the like to' which the atomizer is driven. prevent the escape of steam. A labyrinth Fig. 2 is a cross section on line 2-2 of packing is also formed between the rotor Fig. 1. proper and the permanent head 6, thus elim- Fig. 3 is a cross section" on line 3--3 of inating leakage around the shaft at this end 50 Fig. 1. of the turbine.

Referring to the drawings in detail: A in- The bearing member 4 consists of a cylindioates in general an atomizer, by means of drical casing which in this instance iswaterwhich the oil is centrifugallyprojected and jacketed as shown at. 17. A pair of ball atomized; 2 an annular air nozzle surroundbearings 18 disposed one at each end of the 55 ing the same; 3 a hollow shaft by which the bearing member support the shaft, thereby centrifugal atomizer is carried; 4 abearing reducing the friction to a minimum.

The head 7 is secured to one end of the bearing member 4: by means of bolts 19,

' thereby permitting the bearing member to .the outer cup 31 serve as a support for the turbine as a whole. The head 7 also serves the function of a closure for one end of the bearing, while a smaller plate 20 forms a'closure for the opposite end of the bearing. Both ends of the bearing are thus sealed, and the ball bearings 18 are entirely inclosed, thus permitting the space 21 formed between the ball bearings to serve as an oil reservoir to permit perfect lubrication of the bearin %Vhere the heat to which the burner is subjected is not too great, I find that it is not necessary to circulate Water through the jacket 17. I can in that instance maintain a normal bearing temperature by merely forcing air through the bearing. This is accomplished by securing an annular baffle plate 23 on the head 7 by means of bolts 24 and forming a series of radial openings 25in the head 7 which open into a chamber 26 formed between the plate 15 and the head 7.

A series of tubes 27, in this instance 16 in number, extend through the bearing from end to end. These tubes communicate with the chamber 26 and also with a chamber 28 formed at the opposite end of.

the bearing, this chamber being disposed interior of an annular tapering flange 29 which forms a part of the end plate 20. Air deflected inwardly by the baffle plate 23 will therefore pass through the openings 25, chamber 26, tubes 27 and chamber 28, thereby removing any heat which might otherwise accumulate in the bearing. The flange 29 and the chamber 28 formed thereby also serve other functions as will hereinafter be described.

The atomizer A by which the oil is centrifugally projected and atomized consists of two tapering cups 30 and 31, one positioned interior of the other and spaced with relation to each other to form a main interior chamber 32 and an annular exterior chamber 33. The innermost cup is secured to the outer end of a hollow shaft 3 while is secured to the inner end of the inner cup as shown at 34.

The oil to be atomized or burned is delivered to the cupsby a stationary pipe 35 which is supported in the outer end of the turbine as shown at 35, the oil being in turn delivered to this pipe from any suitable source of supply not here shown.

The forward end of the fuel pipe extends a considerable distance into the chamber 32 formed withinthe cup 30. The upper portion of the pipe is cut away as at 36 to permit the oil to freely overflow and become more or less evenly distributedv when entering said cup. To prevent the oil from discharging freely out of the end of the pipe I provide an end plate 37. This end plate is circular in shape and is slightly less in diameter than the interior of the cup.

The functions of the plate besides that of serving as a closure for the fuel pipe will hereinafter be described.

Formed exterior of the cup 31 is an annular flange 38 and formed between the inner end of the cup and said flange is a plurality of perforations 3!) which permit a portion of the oil delivered to the innermost cup todischarge radially into the exterior cup 31, thus permitting a division of the oil delivered and better atomization, as half the oil delivered will be centrifugally projected by the inner cup and the other half by the exterior cup. This is of importance when large volumes of oil are handled as it permits more eflicient atomization than when one cup is employed.

Surrounding the centrifugal atomizing cups 30 and 31 is the tapering annular air nozzle 2. This nozzle is provided with a series of guide vanes 40 at the outer end and also With a series of guide vanes 41 at the inner end. The inner vanes serve the function of centering the annular nozzle 2 with relation to' the central bearing member 4 and also serve the function of supporting the same.

In actual operation with steam admitted through pipe 13 it can readily be seen that the steam chest 8 will be filled and that the steam will finally dis-charge through the nozzles 10 against the blades of the runner or turbine Wheel 5, thus causing the runner together with the shaft supporting the same and the atomizing cups 30 and 31 to revolve at high speed.

The oil simultaneously delivered through the fuel pipe 35 and overflowing into the inner cup is first divided, as a portion of the oil escapes through the radial openings 39. The oil thus divided is thrown outwardly by centrifugal force against the surfaces of the respective cups and as the cups taper as shown it can readily be seen that the oil film is thinned out and forced outwardly along said surfaces'until the dis charging lip of the respective cups is reached. The oil is here centrifugally projected in the form of a fine mist and is then subjected to a secondary atomizing action by an annular blast of air discharging through the nozzle 2. The air employed for this purpose is partially mixed with steam, as it is forced through the nozzle by means a series of steam operated induction nozzles 50. The nozzles 50 are cone-shaped as shown and are suitably arranged in the forward end or mouth 51 of nozzle 2.

Disposed in front of the induction nozzles 50 is an annular steam chest 52 which is supplied with live steam at comparatively high pressure through a pipe 53. Mounted in the forward face of the steam chest is a series of steam nozzles 54. Each nozzle is positioned in alinement with an air induction nozzle 50, thus permitting the several jets of steam discharged to cause a sufficient vacuumin each nozzle 50 to induce the proper volume of air required for combustion of the oil. The air induced by the steam jets here shown mixes with the steam and passes forwardly through the nozzle 2 at a comparatively high velocity. The mixture of steam and air will therefore discharge in an annular column exterior of the atomizing nozzles 30 and 31, thus causing the secondary atomizing action as previously described, the air blast furthermore serving the function of increasing the temperature of the oil particles or vapor and also projecting the whole combustible mixture for- Wardly into the furnace, the spreading of the flame produced being regulated by the force of the air blast to a large extent.

Where burners of the character here shown are installed in the furnace boxes of locomotives it has been found that. the vacuum within the furnace boxes produced by the exhaust steam passing through'the stack is so great that the oil discharging from the fuel pipe 34 has a tendency to be pulled directly into the furnace without contacting with the atomizing cups. This is entirely prevented in the present instance by the provision of the annular flange 38 and the end plate 37. That is, any oil which may have a tendency to be pulled directly out of the cups by suction will necessarily have to pass over the outer periphery of the plate 37 and flange 38. The oil would therefore come in contact with the interior faces of the respective cups and would then adhere, due to the centrifugal action, thus obviating any chance of unatomized oil escaping.

Experience has shown that maintenance of proper and of considerable importance. This is positively insured in the present instance either by the air cooling system shown or by circulating water through the jacket, or by both.

The air escaping through the cooling tubes 27 serves still another function in the pres ent instance as it tends to relieve any vacuum which might otherwise tend to form in the.

chamber s 28. It furthermore provides a means for reducing the temperature of the atomizing cups, thereby preventing carbonization of the oil therein.

By referring to Fig. 1-it will be seen that a steam atomizing nozzle 60 has also been provided. This nozzle is formed on the lower side of the main nozzle 2 and integral The mouth of the nozzle extends from the point 61 to the point 62 bearing temperatures is difficult and it is supplied with steam from any suitable source through a pipe 63. The nozzle 60 is only provided for emergency use and is particularly intended as a substitute for the main nozzle 2 if the centrifugal atomizing cups should stop functioning; for instance, the shaft supporting the atomizing cups might stick, the bearing might bind, the turbine get out of order, or one or more of the steam line connections break; in either instance the shaft and atomizing cups would stop revolving and the oil delivered would run freely through the same into the furnace without becoming atomized. This can, however, be avoided in the present instance as it would only be necessary to operate nozzle 60; the steam discharging from the mouth of the same would have sufficient velocity to project the discharging oil forward'into the furnace and to partly atomize the same, thus permitting operation of the burner until the proper repairs can be made.

.Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-- L '1. In-an oil burner, the combination with a centrifugal atomizer, and means for delivering oil thereto, of an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizer, and

steam actuated air inducing means placed in the forward end of the nozzle to induce a flow of steam and air through the nozzle.

2. In an oil burner, the combination with a centrifugal atomizer, of a hollow shaft supporting the atomizer, means extending through the shaft for delivering oil to the atomizer, an annular nozzle surrounding the atomizer, and a steam actuated air induction nozzle connected with the annular nozzle to induce a flow of steam and air through the annular nozzle.

3. The combination with a centrifugal atomizer and means for delivering oil thereto, of an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizer and a series of steam actuated air induction nozzles placed in the forward end of the first named nozzle to induce a flow of steam and air through said nozzle.

4. In a rotary oil burner, an atomizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, a bearing member ositioned rearwardly of the cup supporting the shaft and the atomizing cup, a turbine supported by' the opposite end of said bearing member adapted to rotate the shaft, an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizing cup, and steam actuated air inducing means connected with said annular nozzle to induce a flow of steam and air through the nozzle.

In a rotaryoil burner an aton'iizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting end extending into the cup,

said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward an end --plate secured on the forward end of saidpipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, and a discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate.

6. In a rotary oil burner an atomizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in the fueldelivering pipe re-arwardly of the end plate, a bearing member positioned rearwardly of the cup, supporting the shaft, and a steam turbine supported by the opposite end of said bearing member adapted to rotate the shaft.

7. In a rotary oil burner an atomizercomprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an. end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate, aibearing member positioned rear- Wardly of the cup, supporting the shaft, a steam turbine supported by the opposite end of said 'bearing memberadapted to'rotatethe shaft, an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizing nozzle and means for forcing a mixture of steam and airthrough said nozzle.

8. In a rotary oil burner an atomizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end late, a bearing member positioned rearwarclly of the cup, supporting the shaft, a steam turbine supported by the opposite end of said bearing member adapted to rotate the shaft, an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizing nozzle, and means for forcing a mixture of steam and air through said nozzle, said means comprising a plurality of steam actuated air induction noz zles positioned in the forward end of the last named nozzle.

9. In a rotarv 011 burner an atomlzer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate, a plurality of radially disposed discharge openings formed in the inner end of said cup, a second cup exterior of the first named cup and spaced therefrom into which said discharge openings enter to permit a portion of the fuel oil delivered to the first named cup to be bypassed to the second named cup.

10. In a rotary oil' burner an atomizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate, a plurality of'radially disposed discharge openings formed in the inner end of said cup, at second cup exterior of the first named cup and spaced therefrom into .which said discharge open ngs enter to perthrough said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in' the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate, a bearing member positioned rearwardly of the cup supporting the shaft, a steam turbine supported by the opposite end of said bearing member adapted to'rotate the shaft, an annular nozzle surrounding'the atomizing cup and supported by the bearing member, and means for forcing a mixture of steam and air through .saidnozzle. 12. In a rotary oil burneran atomizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form and having a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, at discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate, a bearing member positioned rearwardly of the -up supporting the shaft, a steam turbine supported by the opposite end of said bearing member adapted to rotate the shaft, an annular nozzle surrounding the cup and supported by the bearing member, a plurality of steam actuated air induction nozzles positioned in the mouth of said nozzle and adapted to induce a flow of steam and air through the first named nozzle, and means for cooling the bearing member.

13. In a rotary oil burner an atomizer comprising a cup, a hollow shaft supporting said cup, an oil delivering pipe passing through said shaft and having its forward end extending into the cup, an end plate secured on the forward end of said pipe, said plate being circular in form andhaving a diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of the cup, a discharge opening in the fuel delivering pipe rearwardly of the end plate, a bearing member positioned rearwardly of the cup, supporting the shaft, a steam turbine supported by the opposite end of said bearing member adapted to rotate the shaft, an annular nozzle surrounding the cup and supported by the bearing member, a plurality of steam actuated air induction nozzles positioned in the mouth ofsaid nozzle and adapted to induce a flow of steam and air through the first named cup, and means for circulating air through the bearing member to maintain a low bearing temerature.

14:. The combination with a centrifugal atomizer and means for delivering oil thereto, of an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizer, means for forcing a mixture of steam and air through said nozzle, a secondary nozzle disposed below the annular nozzle and means for delivering steam to said secondary nozzle.

15. The combination with a centrifugal atomizer and means for delivering oil thereto, of an annular nozzle surrounding the centrifugal atomizer and a series of steam actuated air induction nozzles placed in the forward end of the first named nozzle to induce a flow'of steam and air through said nozzle, a secondary nozzle disposed below the annular nozzle and means for delivering steam to said secondary nozzle.

16. In an oil burner, an annular nozzle, an oil spraying cup rotatable in the annular nozzle, means for supplying oil to the cup, and a series of steam actuated air induction nozzles mounted in the mouth of the annular nozzle to induce an air blast therethrough.

17. In an oil burner, an annular nozzle, an oil spraying cup rotatable in the annular nozzle, means for supplyin oil to the cup, a series of steam actuated air induction nozzles mounted in the mouth of the annular nozzle to induce an air blast therethrough, a secondary nozzle disposed below the annular nozzle, and means for delivering steam to said secondary nozzle.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set In hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM R. RAY.

Witnesses: I

J OHN H. I-lnanme, W. W. HEALEY,

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