US2347594A - Tuyere structure - Google Patents

Description

April 25, 1944. M, DE UN 2,347,594

TUYERE STRUCTURE Filed NOV. 16, 1940 INVENTOR mart/r; Dem BY ATTORNEY fuelburner that will be Patented Apr. 25, 1944 Martin De Lin,

--Holland, Mich, assignor to Holland Furnace CompanygHolland, Mich, a

corporation Application November 16, 1940, Serial'No. 365,978

3 Claims.

My present inventionrelates to improvements in fluid fuel burners, and particularly to tuyre structures pertaining to fluid fuel burners as are employed in connection with heating furnaces for buildingsand wherewith fluid fuel,suchashyd'rocarbon oils, is employed as a base and air, having 'oxygenas a major constituent, is employed and supplied to the oil in an atomized state a it is ejected from the burner nozzle, in order .to

promote proper combustion of the fluid fuel; and theob'jects of improvement are:

First, toprovide a tuyere structure for fluid fuel burners that will cause the burner 'with which 'my improved tuyere is employed, to be more efficient in the consumption of fluid fuel than such burners not employing my tuyere structure.

Second, to provide a tuyre structure for fluid fuel burners that can readily be adjusted for bringing about the most complete combustion of the fuel burned.

Third, to provide a tuyre structure for fluid simple to construct.

:Fourth, toprovide a tuyre structure for fluid fuel burners that-can'ibe applied readily to burners ;of widely different types. Theabovenamedobjects and such other objects asmayappear fromi'a-perusal of the-following descriptiongwhen :the said description is taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, are, attained by the structure disclosed by said drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation view of a conventional fluid fuel burner housing, with a portion of the air discharge end broken away, in order to disclose in cross-section, my improved tuyere as applied to a burner housing.

Figure 2 is an end elevation view of my tuyere showing the parts thereof in their respective assembled positions.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the annular shim by which the tuyre structure is adjusted for position in relation to the atomizing nozzle.

Figure 4 is a plan view of my tuyere looking towards the air exit side thereof,

Throughout the several views of the drawing, similar numerals refer to similar parts and portions of my improved tuyre; and referring thereto- Numeral I refers to a fluid fuel burner housing having therein an atomizing nozzle 2 and fuel ignition electrodes 3, and engaging the discharge end 4 of the housing I, annular flange 5 which may be ecured to the discharge tube 4 by any suitable means, but preferably by drive or force fit; having extending axially therefrom, inturned fuel exit flange B having at the junction with annular flange 5,, shoulder 1' against which rests, when in the position shown in Figure 1, annular tuyere diaphragm '8 having inwardly extending air deflector blades 9 each having a flat plane portion iii extending transverselytoward the axis of the diaphragm and a portion H in inclined relation to theflat :plane portion Iii of and at each juncture of the-several deflector blades is a semi-circular opening l2. Shims 13 consisting of thinsheet metalrings serve as adjusting means for the diaphragm 8 either towards the fuel atomizing nozz1e'2 by inserting alloi the shims as shown in Figure 1 or away from it as required for producing desired combustion .of

the fuel removing one or more-shims, or changing shims from one side of the diaphragmto the opposite side. In Figure l the shims l3 are shown located between the end of the burner housing discharg and the shoulder I of the tuyere housing, in which position the diaphragm 8 is adjusted to its farthest position from the atomizer nozzle 2 and by placing the said shims between the shoulder 1 and the diaphragm, the diaphragm will be in its nearest position tothe atomizer nozzle, and by placing aportion of the shims, of which three are shown, ateach side of the diaphragm, the diaphragm is adjusted to intermediate position between the, shoulder l and the end of the burner housing discharge end, thus it will be understood by placing the shims l3 at one or the other sides of the diaphragm 8 any required adjustment of the diaphragm in relation to the burner may be had.

In the operation of a fluid fuel burner equipped with my improved tuyere structure, the burner having the usual means for generating pressure for ejecting fluid fuel, such as fuel oil, from an atomizing nozzle, and a motor driven air blower for delivering air under pressure to the burner housing discharge, having therein an atomizing nozzle and having my improved tuyere structure partly inclosing the open end of the housing discharge; the motor is put in operation, which in turn rotates the impeller of the blower, thereby delivering air under pressure to the discharge outlet of the burner housing, where the air is mixed with the atomized fluid fuel but not in sufficient quantity for most efficient combustion of the fuel. This substantially complete mixing I accomplish by the use of my improved tuyre, that thoroughly mixes the constituents of the fuel as it passes through the tuyere, which as th atomized fluid fuel is discharged from the disthe most eificient combustion charge nozzle spreads and is mixed with the air blown into the atomized fuel oil. The fuel mixture when the usual tuyere is employed is spotty and unduly rich in fuel oil, in the outer zone of the fuel column and rarer at its axial zone. By the use of my improved tuyre, the incompletely mixed fuel delivered to diaphragm 8 having flat portions 10 and inclined portions II is thoroughly mixed by being deflected inward toward the axis of the mixed fuel column or tuyere, by the inclined portion ll of the blades 9, which imparts to thefuel column, cross-currents similar to those of a column of air striking the blade of a stationary screw propeller and thereby causing a thorough mixture of air and atomized oil. and it is the combination of the transversely deflected portion of air and the portion deflected from the inclined portions ll of the blades 9 that produces a complete mixing of air and atomized fuel oil, and substantially complete combustion of the fuel with the exception of an outer layer like portion which is rare in fuel oil which is caused by the fuel mixture contacting the atmospheric air as it flows from the burner and by its forward moving contact with the atmosphere draws into the outer zone portion of the fuel additional air, and thereby causes eddy currents in the outer portion of the fuel mixture. In order to overcome the said eddy currents at the periphery of the combustion flame column I have provided 'holes 12 whereby a plurality of jets of the air are directed against the outer periphery of combustion flame column within the exit flange 6. In the production of fluid fuel burners, discrepancies in dimensions are frequently encountered which cause poor combustion should the relation between the fuel atomizing nozzle and the fuel mixing tuyre be such as not to bring about of the fuel, I therefore have provided the plurality of thin ring shims I3, which may beplaced at either side of the diaphragm 8 as the case may require to bring about a proper mixing of the fuel and higher efficiency of combustion.

Having described my present'invention consisting-of improvements in tuyre structures for fluid fuel burners, the rights which I desire are disclosed in the claims, as follows:

1. In a tuyre structure, a housing with a blower therein, an air tube extending therefrom, a liquid fuel atomizer nozzle adjacent the outlet end of the tube; an annular member extending over the end of the air tube and having an inturned flange and a shoulder at the base of the said inturned flange, a diaphragm between the said shoulder and the end of the air tube and having an opening, said diaphragm having a plurality of air deflector blades each comprising a flat portion extending radially inward toward the axis of said tube and a curved portion in inclined relation to the flat portion, and a plurality of annular ring like shims of thin metal at a side of the said diaphragm and between the end of the air tube and the shoulder of said annular member.

2. In a tuyere structure, a hollow housing with a blower therein, an air exit tube extending therefrom, a liquid fuel atomizer nozzle adjacent the open end of the air exit tube, an annular member encircling the end of the said air exit tube and having an inturned flange with a shoulder at the base of the inturned flange, a diaphragm held between the said shoulder and the open end of the air exit tube and having an opening and comprising a plurality of air deflector blades extending inwardly, each of said blades being separated from the adjacent blades by a semi-circular opening at their bases and each blade having a substantially flat portion extending transversely of the air exit tube and a portion extending from 'the said substantially flat portion in inclined relation to the axis of the tuyre and in the direction of the air flow therethrough.

3. In a tuyre structure, a hollow housing with a blower therein, an air exit tube extending therefrom, a liquid fuel atomizer nozzle adjacent the open end of the air exit tube, an annular member encircling the end of the said air exit tube and having an inturned flange with a shoulder at the base of the inturned flange, a diaphragm held between the said inturned flange and the open end of the air exit tube and having an opening and comprising a plurality of air deflector blades extending inwardly, each of said blades having a substantially flat portion extending transversely of the air exit tube and a portion extending from the said substantially flat portion in inclined relation to the axis of the tuyre and in the direction of air flow therethrough.

MARTIN DE LIN.

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