US1387153A - Detergent - Google Patents

Description

252. COMPOSITIONS. R f nce Examiner STATES PATENT, QFFIQE;

8mm A. mrnm,"or s'r. Louis, mrssoum. s

DETERGENT.

Specification otietters'ratent. Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

In Drawing. Application fl1e d 1111112 30, 1919, SeriallNo. 307,603Q Renewed June 1921-; Serial No.

. Berit known that. I, SIDNEY A. HARTMANN;

a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of- St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, ;have' invented certain new and useful- Im rovements-in Detergents, of which.'the

them. This compound is noninflammable,

nonexplosive, and its odor is unoifensive. It will not injure the most delicate cloth or similar fabric nor remove the fine hair on satin. It does not injure the leather when used to clean white polished-kid shoes. It not only acts more efiiciently as a cleanser, but performs the cleansing operation more quickly than similar articles heretofore known. It readily dissolvesgrease and oil,

and can be used for removing grease and oil from the hands of autoists, mechanics, and others, as it does not injure the skin. It can be diluted and then used to wash the surplus oil and greasev from automobile parts. It will, also, dissolve paint.

It is cheap to manufacture, not only on account of its ingredients, but also because no costly apparatus is needed for that pur pose. A bucket, tub, or vat is all that is necessary in order to make it.

This detergent is made by boiling about one pound of castil soap in about two gallons of water. about one quart of ammonia is poured. Then there is quickly add d about four ounces of potassiu g nitri te. When all of the ingredients are dissolved, the composition is allowed to cool. Water is then added until the desired fluidity or thickness is obtained. The cleanser is then ready to be bottled. Heretofore, potassium nitrate and ammonia and castile soap and water have been used in similar preparations. In the past, potassium nitrate has been better known in the arts than potassium nitrite, but in the relatively recent past better and cheaper ways for the production of potassium nitrite have been discovered, which make it possible to obtain the advantages of more readily.

nto this boiling solution,

using potassium nitrite in a compound such as this instead of potassium nitrate without too greatly enhancing tl1e cost. Formerly, castile soap was dissolved in boiling water-and then potassium? nitrate added. Then the solution was allowed to cool. This tooka greatamount of time,

and ammonia was not added until after the solution-was cooled. This was because, if

the ammonia was added while the solution was hot, the heat would volatilize the ammonia and drive the same ofi'.

In the preparation of the detergent that constitutes the present invention, a great deal of time is saved because all the ingredients are boiled together. In the old prac tice, a mixture rather than a compound results, inasmuch as potassium nitrate is a very stable compound and, therefore, can

not be easily broken down. Potassium nitrite, however, is much less stable and, for that reason, broken down' and disintegrated Therefore, when the castile soap, ammonia, and potassium nitrite are boiled together, the potassium nitrite disintegrates and some of the potassium acts upon the soap, making it semi-soft, while the other freed ingredients act upon the ammonia, forming ammonium nitrite, which,

in conjunction with the soap and water, gives the especial cleansing properties to this present detergent, the superiority of which has been determined in actual use and comparison.

It is, of course, to be understood that the quantities mentioned above may be varied and that those mentioned merely indicate substantially the proportions to be used. In case larger amounts of the compound are to be manufactured, the quantities of the ingredients Will be correspondingly increased.

To use the said cleaning compound, pour a small quantity on the surface to be cleaned and rub until suds appear. Allow it to stand for a few seconds, and then wash out the soap with water. For removing paint stains, apply in the same manner. For} grease on the skin (human cuticle), apply undiluted. To clean kitchen towels and utensils, dilute the cleanser to about four times its volume and boil the articles to be cleaned in such solution.

- soap; one quart pound (1 1b.) of castile soap in about two gallons (2 gal.) of water and mixing therewith, while thus boiling, about one qua-rt (1 qt.) of ammonia and then adding thereto about four ounces (4 oz.) of potassium nitrite.

5. The herein-described process of making a detergent consisting in boiling about signature.

one pound (1 lb.) of castile soap in about two gallons (2 gal.)"'fof water and mixing therewith, while thus boiling, about one 'quart (1 qt.) of ammonia and then adding thereto about four ounces (4 oz.) of potassium nitrite, then allowing the ingredients 'to dissolve and, thereafter, the compound of castile to cool.

6. The herein-described process of making a detergent consisting in boiling about one pound (1 lb.) of castile soapin about two gallons (2 gal.) of water and mixing therewith,' While thus boiling, about one quart- (1 qt.) of ammonia and then adding thereto about four ounces (4 oz.) of potassium nitrite, then allowing the ingredients to dissolve and, thereafter, the compound to cool, and then fiuidifyin with water.

In testimony whereof f hereunto aflix my SIDNEY I'IART'MANN.