US1152218A - Axial-flow steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

C B. REARICK.

AXIAL FLOW STEAM TURBINE.

II'PPIIcATIoII FILED FEB. I4. 1914.

1 15mm Patented Aug. 31, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. B. REARICK.

AXIAL FLOW STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB, 14. 1914.

2 $HEETSSHEET 2.

@2 Y m l I A I 3 sired to support any sets of stationary guide CHARLES BEMIS seamen, or new LONDON, connnc'rlcu'r.

AXIAL-FLOW STEM-TURBINE.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 31,1915.

Application filed February 14, 1914. Serial No. 818,792.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES BEMIS REA- RICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New London, county of New London, Connecticut, have made certain. new and useful Inventions Relating to Axial-Flow Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, which forms part of the same.

This invention relates especially to axial flow steam turbines in which the turbine wheel .may be provided with suitable wrought blades cast into the wheel rim. The nozzle members supplying steam to the wheel are preferably held by special attaching alining devices 1n alined apertures in the adjacent partitions of the casing and preferably comprise nozzle lining tubes and wheel guards extending out over substantially the entire periphery of the turbine wheel and suitably held and more or less.

supported by the interlocking alining members, these wheel guards also serving if deblades or wheel guiding or reinforcing members which'may be interposed between the blades on the turbine wheel.

In the accompanying drawings showing in a somewhat diagrammatic way several illustrative embodiments of this invention, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged developed section through the blades and adjacent parts of the cooperating nozzle members. Fig. 4 is a transverse par tial section showing a dummy nozzle member. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing the construction of the wheel rim and blades. Fig. 6 is a corresponding perspective view of one of the blades; and Fig.

ll) is an inner view of one of the nozzle memers.

Thewheel casing may be constructed in any desired way, preferably by casting it in two or more longitudinal or axially divided sections, these sections each havingpartitions such as 3, 4 which serve to form one or more wheel chambers to accommodate the number of turbine wheels which it is desired to use. These wheels may be conveniently mounted on a suitable shaft, such as 1 which may be supported. in bearings secured to or adjacent the wheel casing and if desired suitable packing may be arranged in around the outer ends connection withithe shaft in the recesses 2 in the casing adjacent the shaft. 'The turbine wheels may be secured onthe shaft in any suitable Way, as for instance, by screwlng up and fastening the threaded nuts-or collars 9, 10 so as to rigidly hold the wheel under operating conditions.

If desired the wheel may be formed with spokes and a rim portion secured to the spokes by casting it around the same, the hub of the wheel being subsequently cast around the inner end of the spokes to eliminate or minimize casting or expansion strains as described in connection with my Patent 1,077,300 of November 4, 1913. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the spokes (b of any suitable wrought metal, such for instance, as Monel metal, etc. may be provided with suitable roughened or irregular shaped ends, such as the threaded ends indicated and the rim section 59 of suitable metal, such for instance, as any suitable bronze, may be cast around and thus firmly secured to these' spoke ends and if'desired the turbine blades may be simultaneously embedded in the rim during this casting operation. After castwith suitable side plates 8 which may be held in place in any suitable way and which are of advantage in minimizing windage, I

etc.

By casting the rim around the blades in this way it is possible, to have the desired number of rows of blades on the wheel, such as 13, 14, formed of any suitable wrought metal preferably with interlocking ends and to conveniently and firmly secure them in the wheel rim by this casting method, it being also desirable to simultaneously cast of the blades the outer'shrouding bands 15, 16 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 which may be heavy enough to materially increase the wheel strength and which V may with advantage be formed of the same metal as the inner rim portions 12.

These inner rim portions '12 may be connected by the inwardly projecting rim body 59 which may be cast with ,a suitable guide blade channel, such as 19, the lower portion 18 of which is preferably subsequently finished as by turning. Figs. 5 and 6 show an arrangement of wrought turbine blades which may be conveniently and cheaply formed in many ways as by drop forging or by shaping them from previously rolled or drawn strips of such shape as to give the desired suction, such as the concave and convex working faces 29,21, which may thus be readily smoothly finished; and the terminal shoulders, such as 28, which may preferably be given an angular contour as shown so as to allow radial expansion of the steam as it passes through the wheel, may

be formed in any desired way as by milling,

etc. The interlocking ends of these bladesmay be given any suitable shape and a strong reliable interlocking action can be secured by forming these ends with two projecting portions 20, 21 which assist in assembling these blades for molding purposes and an interlocking or dove-tail recess 22 may .be formed between them so as to be still more firmly engaged and held by the metal tongue 16 and the recesses 17 in the metal cast around these ends, see Fig. 5.

Steam may be admitted to .the wheel through suitable admission passages, such as M, 45, which may be cast with the wheel casing and the steam pipe from the boiler maybe secured thereto as by the flanged end 46. It is of advantage to support the nozzle members in suitable alined apertures, such as 42, bored through the casing partition and at the same time similar apertures 48 are bored in the outside of the partition inclosing the admission passage or steam chest so that subsequently in assembling the parts more ready accesscan be had to these nozzle apertures, the outer holes being finally closed by suitable plates 49 which may be held'in place as by the bolts 50.

The nozzle members may with advantage be secured in the casing in proper cooperation with the nozzle apertures by providing the.

nozzle members with separate sections or attaching bushings, such as 40, which may have threaded engagement with the corresponding nozzle members 26 and be screwed into the same and then firmly hold them against the partition by'the use of any suitable securing members or tightening bolts 41 in-the bearing flanges 43. By the use of three or more such bolts the supporting 'or attaching bushings are drawn forcibly inward so as to bring the connected nozzle-members tightly against the finished face of this partition and thus insure their accurate alinement in connection therewith and enable them to properly coiiperate with the wheel independent-of the finish or alinement of the face of this partition with which these tightening bolts cooperate. These nozzle members 26 as shown in Figs. 2 and 7 are adapted when desired to extend entirely around the turbine wheel and are preferably provided with suitable interlocking alining members so that they may be assembled and rigidly held in alinement, these alining members comprising suitable pins, such as 38, for cooperation with the recesses or sockets 51 in the lugs 52 formed for this purpose and if desired also an outer set or row of these alining members, such as the pins 76 and recesses 77, may be formed on the extended outer ends of the nozzle members.

wheel so as to minimize danger of breakage,

etc., and for this-purpose it is desirable to have these wheel guards supported from each other or in other ways independent and out of contact with the periphery of the wheel casing, since under these conditions in case of some of the blades or other portions of the wheel become loosened they are received and held in by the wheel guard which absorbs the force of the blow and materially reduces any force which can *be transmitted to the periphery of the casing itself. For these reasons it is desirable in case it is not necessary to use active nozzles around the entire periphery of the wheel. to use in some or all of the intervals between the active nozzles, suitable dummy nozzle members such as 62 shown in Figs. 2 and 4 which may be of generally similar shape and similarly supported, in the nozzle apertures 42 in'the casing partition, the adjacent portion 58 of the nozzle members being formed with a closed cylindrical threaded recess to receive the attaching bushings and be thereby secured in alined position with respect to the casing and wheel. These dummy nozzle members may be formed with reinforcing members 75 provided with radial ribs 61, if desired, as shown in Fig. .2, preferably though not necessarily integral with the dummy nozzle members. These reinforcing members 75 may project into the guide blade channel and enter the bottom portion 18 of this channel formed in the solid cast rim itself so as to have considerable value in case of warping or breaking vof the adjacent wheel portions on which an effective braking action is thus exerted so as to more readily and safely take up the kinetic energy of the wheel. Since these reinforcing members which may be formed on the dummy nozzleunder emergency conditions.

lying within its central guide blade channel any preliminary deformation of the wheel rim which would naturally take place before dangerous weakening occurs serves to bring the warped or deformed portions of the wheel into contact with these reinforcing members to exert braking action thereon so as not only totend to slow down and stop the wheel,:but also to call attention to this undesirable or dangerous condition before actual breakage occurs.

For similar reasons the active nozzle members may also be provided if desired with suitable reinforcing members preferably in-- tegral therewith such as the reinforcing members 30, 31 shown in Fig. 3 which are preferably located adjacent to both ends of these sectional nozzle members where they can thus ofi'er little or no interference to the passage of steam through the wheel and cooperating stationary guide blades while at the same time they are in position to exert an alining and stopping action by cooperating with the guide blade channel in the wheel adjacent the bottom of this channel and in this way act at both ends of the nozzle member to maintain alinement and minimize the possibility of its being laterally displaced As shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the nozzle members are preferably arranged with slight intervals or spaces 60 between them and which tends to minimize strains and distortion due to heat ex-v As shown in Fig. 3, the nozzle members may with advantage be provided with suitable nozzle alining tubes 37 of thin tubing or sheet metal which can be readily finished on the inside and given the proper shape and then be rigidly held in position by having the metal 86 of the nozzle member cast around them so as to rigidly hold them in alinement and give the nozzles 34, 35 and I 36 the shape and position to act most efiectively" on the wheel blades. Any desired number of these nozzles may be used in each nozzle member and supplied with steam from the nozzle chest 28 which may be cast in the member so as to properly cotiperate with the large open steam passages formed within the attaching bushings 4:0. The stationary guide blades between the different,

7 rows of moving wheel blades maybe secured to the nozzle members in any desired way, as for instance by casting them therein if desired. Or if desired these blades of generally similar form and construction to the wheel blades shown in Figs. 5 and 6 may have cast around their interlocking ends suitable bands 91, 92 of bronze orthe like which may be turned or otherwise finished so as to make complete rings of these stationary guide blades which may then be severed and shaped to form suitable sections which may be secured to the nozzle members in any desired way as by rivets or bolts 93 reinforcing members 30, 31 at the ,end of each nozzle member which are in separate pieces in this form of construction and thus secure these reinforcing members to the inner and outer bands supporting the stationary guide blades.

This invention has been described in connection with a number of illustrative embodiments, forms, arrangements, proportions and materials, to the details of which disclosure the invention is not of course to be limited, since what is claimed as new and what is desired to be secured by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

I claimv 1. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine Wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, said Wheel being formed with a guide channel between each two rows of wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the Wheel rim, a series ofnozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles, stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades, dummy nozzle members cooperating with said apertures and interposed between said nozzle members, said nozzle members and.

said dummy nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending substantially across the,wheel blades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing and provided with interlocking alining members to hold them in alinement, said nozzle members and dummy nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom of said channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

2. ln elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions, to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, said Wheel being formed with a guide channel,

a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles, stationary guide blades to cooperate With said wheel blades, dummy nozzle members cooperating with said apertures and interposed between said nozzle mem bers, said nozzle members and said dummy nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said wheel andsubstantially free from said casing, said nozzle members and dummy nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom of said channel I adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed f with nozzles, stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades, dummy nozzle members cooperating with said apertures and interposed between said nozzle members, said nozzle members and said dummy nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to' exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

4. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, said wheel being formed with a guide channel, nozzle members, nozzles, stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades, dummy nozzle members interposed between said, nozzle members, said nozzle members and said dummy nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in'case of d1stortion.

5. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheelchamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with a plurality of rows of axial flow turbine blades and with a guide channel between each two rows of wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the wheel rim, members provided with. stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades and with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing and provided with interlocking alining members to hold them in alinement, said members belng provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom of saidchannel to exert lateral alining bral mig actlon on the wheel in case of distortlon, sald stationary guide blades being formed in sections attached to said wheel guards.

6. In, elastic fluid turbines, a turbine cas channel between each two rows of wheel blades, sectional members provided with stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades and with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing, said members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom of said channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

7. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbinecasing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with a plurality of rows of turbine blades and with a guide channel between said rows of wheel blades, members provided with stationary guide blades to cciiperate with said wheel blades and with wheel. guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing, said members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

8. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with .a plurality of rows of axial flow turbine blades and with a guide channel between each two rows of wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the wheel rim, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles and with stationary guide bladesto cooperate with said wheel blades, said nozzle members beingprovided with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said turbine blades'and with a guide channel between each two rows of wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles and with stationary guide blades to cooperate with said Wheel blades, and provided with interlocking alining members to hold them in alinement, said nozzle members be ing provided With reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom of said channel to exertlateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

10. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casanimals n;

,with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

11. In alastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted insaid chamber and provided with turbine blades and with a guide channel adjacent said Wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed.

in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles, said nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert lateral alining braking action on thefwheel in case of distortion. 3

12. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades and with a guide channel adjacent said wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles, said nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said I wheel and substantially free from said casing, said nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion. 7

13. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casof axial flow turbine blades, said turbine wheels having blades formed of wrought metal having interlocking ends comprising dovetail portions, said blades being attached to the wheel rim by casting the rim aroundthe interlocking ends of said blades, shrouding bands of similar material simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades, said wheel-being formed with a guide channel adjacent said wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the wheel rim, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles and with stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades, said nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending jjacent partition, nozzle members cooperat tially free from said casing.

substantially across the wheelblades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing and provided with interlocking alining members tohold them in alinement, said nozzle members being provided with rein forcing members entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom'of said channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

14. In elastic fluidturbines, a turbine casing having partitions toform a wheel chamher, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with a plurality of rows of axial flow turbine blades, said turbine wheel having blades formed of wrought metal having interlocking ends comprising dovetail portions, said blades being attached to the wheel rim by casting the rim around the interlocking ends of said blades, shrouding bands of similar material simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades, said wheel being formed with a guide channel adjacent said wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles and with stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades, said nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing and provided with interlocking alining members to hold them in alinement.

15. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine eas ing having partitions to 'form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, said turbine wheel having blades formed of wrought metal having interlocking ends, said blades being attached to the wheel rim by casting the rim arollnd the interlocking ends of said blades, shrouding bands of similar material simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades, said wheel being formed with a guide channel adjacent said wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the ad'- ing with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles and with stationary guide blades to cooperate with said wheel blades,

.said nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending substantially across the wheel blades of said wheel and substan-.

16. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with a plurality of rows 7, of axial flow turbine blades, said turbine wheel having blades formed of wrought metal having interlocking ends, said blades being attached to the wheel rim by casting the rim around the interlocking ends of said blades, shrouding bands of similar material simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades, said wheel being formed with a guide channel 'cooperating with said wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the wheel rim, and members supported from one of said partitions entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within the bottom of said channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

17. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having transverse partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided witha plurality of rows of axial flow turbine blades, said wheel being formed with a guide channel cooperating with said wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the wheel rim and members supported from said partition's entering the guide blade channel and normally fitting loosely within said channel to exert lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

18. In elastic, fluid turbines, a turbine wheel provided with a plurality of rows of axial flow turbine blades, said blades being formedvof wrought metal and having gradually flaringv shoulders and interlocking ends comprising dovetail portions, said blades being attached to the wheel 'rim by casting the rim around the interlocking ends of said blades, and shrouding bands of similar material simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades, said wheel. being formed with a guide channel between each two rows of wheel blades and projecting into the solid metal of the wheel rim.

19. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine wheel provided with blades, said blades being formed of wrought metal and having gradually flaring shoulders and interlocking ends comprising dovetail portions, said blades being attached to the wheel rim by casting the rim around the interlocking ends of said blades, and a shrouding band of similar material simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades. I

20. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine wheel provided withblades, said blades being formed of wrought metal and having interlocking ends comprising dovetail portions, sa'id blades being attached to the wheel rim by casting the rim around the intel-locking ends of said blades, and a shrouding band simultaneously cast around the projections formed in the outer ends of said blades.

21. In elastic fluid turbines, a blade element comprising wrought metal blades pro vided with gradually flaring shoulders and interlocking projecting ends comprising "outer ends of said blades to form an annular row of blades adapted to be severed into sections to be attached to turbine members.

22; In elastic fluid turbines, a blade element'comprising wrought metal blades provided with flaring shoulders and interlocking projecting ends comprising dovetail portions inclosed in bands of bronze simultaneously cast around the inner and outer ends of said blades to form an annular row of blades adapted to be attached to turbine members i 23. In steam turbines, a turbine casing having substantiallyradial partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition substantiallyin line with the turbine blades, a nozzle member cooperating with each one of said nozzle apertures, a series of nozzles each having thin nozzle lining tubes cast into said nozzle member and cooperating with said wheel blades and an attaching bushing extending through said nozzle aperture and having screw connection with said nozzle member and provided with a flange extending outward on the opposite side of the partition, take-up securing members extending through said flange to engage said partition and firmly secure the connected nozzle member in position and interlocking alining members on said nozzle member to hold the same in alinement in connection with the adj acent nozzle members.

24:. In steam turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, a nozzle member cooperating with one of said nozzle apertures, an attaching bushing extending through said nozzle aperture and having screw connection with said nozzle member and provided with a flange extending outward on the opposite side of the partition, take-up securing members extending through said flange to engage said partition and firmly secure the connected nozzle member in position.

25. In steam turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a.turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent nartition, a nozzle member cooperating with one of said nozzle apertures, an attaching bushing extending through said nozz e aperture and having connection with said nozzle member and provided with a flange extending outward on the opposite side of the partition, take-up members to engage and rovided with a flange, take-u said partition and firmly secure the connected nozzle member in position.

26. In steam turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent- 27 In steam turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, a nozzle member cooperating with one of said nozzle apertures, an attaching bushing extending through said nozzle aperture and extending outward on the opposite side of the partition.

28. In steam turbines, a turbine casing having a wheel chamber formed with a nozzle aperture, a turbine Wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades, a nozzle member having one or more thin nozzle lining tubes cast into said nozzle member and cooperating with said wheel blades and an attaching bushing extending through said nozzle aperture and having screw connection with said nozzle member securing, bolts extending through "said ange to firmly secure the connected nozzle member in position.

, 29. In elastic fluid turbines a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted insaid chamher and provided with turbine blades and with a guide channel adjacent said wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles, said nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert peripheral and lateral alining braking action on the wheel in case of distortion.

30. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine casing having partitions to form a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel mounted in said chamber and provided with turbine blades and with a guide channel adjacent said wheel blades, a series of nozzle apertures formed in the adjacent partition, nozzle members cooperating with said nozzle apertures and formed with nozzles, said nozzle members being provided with wheel guards extending substantially across the Wheel blades of said wheel and substantially free from said casing, said nozzle members being provided with reinforcing members entering the guide blade channel to exert peripheral alining braking action on the Wheel in case of distortion.

CHARLES BEMIS REARICK.

Witnesses: i

Jnssrr. B. KAY,

CHARLES EBERHART.

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