US761226A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 76l226.

PATENTED MAY 3l, 1904.`

ZSHEETS-SHEET 1l N0 MODEL.

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PATENTBD MAY 31, 1904.

P. J. HEDLUVND.

STEAM TURBNE. APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR. 30.41903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

INVENTOR l @Mb QN |1 w.. @N I m Nw.. -Sw Y f. Q1 -\.QN f P w f. NT .Il .xbm L HV .fw ,m f w M UNITED STATES Patented May 31, 1904.

PATENT FEICE.

j .PERJOHAN HEDLUND, OE STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.`

STEAM-TUBBINE.

SPECIFICATIN lforming part of Letters Patent No. 761,226, dated May 31, 1904.

Application filed March 30, 1903- To all w/wm 7125 mfr/,7; concern:

Be it known that I, PER JOHAN HEDLUND, of

Stockholm, Sweden, have invented a new and useful Improvement in ySteam-,Iurbines, of

which the following-is a specification.

The invention relates to an elastic-huid tursame shaft.

rIhe invention consists, first, in the supporting of the entire turbine upon projections eX- tending from its ends or heads, so that the casing may'yield downward under the weight of the parts coincidently with the shaft, and thus unequal wear of the joints between casing and shaft and possible leakage at 'A such joints is prevented. .Y

rIhe invention further consists in the construction of the wheeland also in the mode of .attaching thereto the'buckets, as hereinafter more particularly pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a'compound steam-turbine with the casing-wall broken away to show the internal construction. Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial section on the linew @cof Fig. 3, showing the construction of the wheel-hub and of the buckets'. Fig. 3 `is an enlarged detail cross-sectionvon the line g/ y of Fig. 2. Y

Similar numbers of reference .indicate like parts.

vrIlhe general construction of the compound steam-turbine. embodying my present improvements is the same'as is set forth in Leti ters Patent No. 717, 87 5, granted to Tore G. E. -Lindmark January 6, 1903.v

l is the casing, here shown as constructed in a number of sections united by the bolts 2.

Through said casing extends the wheel-shaft 3, the said shaft passing loosely through the cylindrical projections 44 on the casing-heads 5 6. The heads are each divided horizontally into two sections, so that one half of each pro' jection 4 is on the upper half-section and the other half on the lower half-section of each head. The projections 4 are received in cylindrical bearings 7 on the inner sides of the standards 8, in which standards the shaft 3 is journaled. The upperhalves of the bearings are removable. The lower half projection on serial No. 150.253. (No model.)

head 6 has a flange 9, which'enters a correl is not supportedl anywhere except by theprojections 4 at the ends and is raised clear of the iioor or ground beneath it. I lindthat when the casingissupported froma bed-plate integral with the standards 8 or rests directly on the ground then the shaft under the weight of the wheels is apt to sag downwardly in the casing, which is prevented from similar yielding. VThe result is that it becomes diflicult to keep the joints around the shaft steam-tight and to avoid unequal wear. On the other hand, when the casing is supported at its ends in the same way as the shaft both casing and shaft yield equally and the difficulty is overcome.y Y i Internally the casing l is'divided into chambers A VB C, &c., in each of which is a charnber a c c, &c., for the reception of the wheels I II III. The wheel-chambers a &c., veach communicates with its surrounding chamber A B, &c., by means of the Haring passage d, the purpose and effect of which is fully set forth in the aforesaid Lindmark patent.

The working iuid is rst led into the wheel I through the central aperture thereof and then passes circumferenti ally from said wheel to the passage d, and so to the chamber A. After traversing wheel II and associated passage d it goes to chamber B, and so on through all of the wheels successively to the exhaust, which may be at D. The wheels, chambers, and passages vare made of gradually-increasing area to allow of expansion ofv the steam, and the combined eect of all of the wheels is of course -exerted upon the shaft 3.

The shaft 3 is of6 stepped form and tapers preferably from the center to the ends. The wheel-hubs l1 are internally tapered to iit upon 'the parts of' thefs'haft of corresponding diameter and are driven upon s'aid parts, so that they become tightlj7 held thereon.

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In Fig. 1 I show but one wheel on each tapered section;` but it will be understood that I may'apply to each section several wheels by making said sections of suitable length. The construction of the shaft in tapered sections and of the wheel-hubs to fit on said sections provides a very strong and firm mode of securing said wheel-hubs on the shaft.

The construction of the wheel, which is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, is as follows: One head 13 of the wheel is formedintegral with the hub 11 and is provided with a flange 14 to receive the wall 15 of its receiving-chamber a. The other head of Wheel 16 is flanged at 17 and between the flange and the hub is inserted a double-rimmed spider 18, one rim, 19, of which bears uponthe hub 11, and the other rim, 20, comes beneath the flange 17. In this way the' head 16 is supported from the hub,

while inlet of steam to the wheel is permitted through the openings 21 between the spiderarms 22. The head 16 may also be connected to the head 13 by riveted studs 23. The circumferential edges of the heads 13 and 16 are bent inwardly, so as to produce the contracted steam -escape opening 24. All around the wheel and in this opening are placed the buckets 25, which are secured therein in the following manner: On the inner faces of heads 16 and 13 are milled straight recesses 26, which are adapted to receive the longitudinal edges of the buckets 25. The recesses 26 are suitably inclined in order to give the buckets the desired inclination. At the inner ends of the buckets are formed eyes, through which pass `the rivets 27, these rivets being set u'p at their ends in the heads 16 13. In placing a bucket inthe wheel it is rst inserted at its edge ,into a recess in head 13, and then the opposite head 16 isapplied so as to bring the outer or free edge of the bucket into the recess of that head, and then the rivet is thrust through 'the openings in the two heads and also through the eye in the end of the bucket, which comes between said openings, after which the rivet is secured as already stated.

y I claim- 1. A turbine-wheel, a stationary casing therefor, centrally-disposed projections on opposite sides of said casing, a shaft carrying said wheel and extending through said projections, fixed standards receiving said projections, and half-flanges on said projections received in said standards.

2. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a cylindrical casing, centrally-disposed projections on the ends thereof', fixed standards receiving said projections, a shaft extending through said projections and journaled in said standards and a plurality of wheels on said Shaft.

3. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, in

combination with a cylindrical casing centrally-disposed projections on the'ends thereof, a shaft extending through said projections' and a plurality of wheels on said shaft, two fixed standards provided with cylindrical recesses to receive said projections and journalbearings for said shaft.v

4. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a shaft having a plurality of tapering steps and wheels having hubs internally formed to fit tightly on said steps.

5. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a shaft having a plurality of tapering steps of progressively-increasing diameters and wheels having hubs internally formed to fit tightly on said steps.

6. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a shaft having a plurality of tapering steps of progressively-increasing diameters from the ends of the shaft to the middle thereof and wheels having hubs internally formed to fit tightly on said steps.

7. In an outward-flow elastic-fluid turbine,

4a hub, a wheel-head supported thereon, a

spider on said hub, an annular wheel-head inclosing said spideraud means for connecting said wheel-heads.

8. In an outward-flow elastic-fluid turbine, a hub, a wheel-head integral therewith, a spider on said hub, an annular Wheel-head having an internal flange, the said flange inclosing the said spider and means for connecting said Wheel-heads.

9. In an elastic-fluid turbine, two wheelheads each having a recess at its circumference and on its inner side, a bucket disposedy between said heads and having its edges in said recess and provided at its inner end with an eye, and a securing-bolt for said bucket passing through'said wheel-heads and said bucket-eye.

10. In an elastic-fluid turbine, two wheelheadshaving their circumferential edges inwardly inclined to form a contracted annular escape-opening and provided with recesses having straight radial walls formed on theinner sides of said contracted portions, a bucket disposed between said heads and having its edges in said recesses and provided at its inner end with an eye, and a securing-bolt for said bucket passing through said wheel-heads and said eye.

11. In combination with a turbine-wheel, anon-rotating cylindrical casing and supports therefor located only at the ends thereof; the said supports and said casing being coaxial.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name yto this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PER JOHAN HEDLUND. Witnesses:

I. A. VAN WART, WM. H. SIEGMAN.

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