US1071673A - Combined gas and steam generator. - Google Patents

Description

A. SAME-R.

COMBINED GAS AND .QTBAM GBNERATIJH.

APPLICATION T1LBDJULY1T.1S111.

1,071,673. Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. SAUER.

COMBINED GAS AND STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 17,1911.

Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-ADELBEBT BAUER, 0F BIT-TSBUMYI?, PENNSYLVANIA.

consumi GAS AND STEAM aannemen T 0 all 'whom it mag/concern: l

Be it known .that I, 'AQELBERT Sienne, ,a ,citizen of the United States, y resiiing at Pittsburgh, it t e 't0n-my of Allaah. .aad State of Pennsylvania, haye inyente tain new and useul 1:[in rovements in Coinbined .Gas .and Steam enel'ators, .0f which .the fol-lowing is a. speeification.

'Ibis invention 4,relates to a combined generator for steam and producer gas and more specifically te a furnace. arranged t0 receive a continuous fchinge of Afuel such as coal, lignite, bitumen, and ,similar -.car- .bonaceous minerals which fuel suitably acted upon .by vinduced air currents for dis# integrating it e vincandescent mass,enabl 111gV carbon monoxd gas ,to pass @if through 'a series of chambers in order to provide asuperheater for the Steam generated .by .the heat of said 4furnace and increasing the temperature .of a water .jacket :formed about rSai-d'.furnace T0 this .end l have invented a simple device for producing Whatis known as producer gas which is a ,highly combustible gas used ifor iuel., which immediately after .being .produced -S @inducted to a suitable storage, ln addition ,to gener'- ating a .gas mydevie will utilize the heat' emanating from the furnace to generate steam wliich is adapted to pass into Asuperheaters, emerging ultimately as ,lire steamof the finest quality and etlicacy. To iur- ,ther .the beneficial object of my inyention, 1 arrange means for `conducting some of the gas generated vback to the initial .point of fuel combustion to induce an atmospheric current of air to mix with the .fuel andthereby assist in more readily 'decomposing the fuel; and l further utilize ,the steam generated to automatically control .the C:feedingfof natural and compressed air into an injector emptying into .the combustion chamber.

With the above and .other objects ip viert7 my imjention comprises .the combination, :urangement` and details of construction shown in the drawings and then more p articularly vpointed out '.in the. appended claims.

Reference being had to the'accompanying drawings which is illustrative of my invention, Figure 1 is a side sectional eleifation of my combined steam and gas generator showing all the :parts in Working order; Fig. 2 is a top plan View thereof s hoivingthe steam pipo connections for the superheaters;

specification o; Letters intent; Appicaton tiled July 17 `191.1.. Serial No. 638,867.

Patented Aug. 26,1913.

is a vertical sectional elevationof the" forward end of .the furnace and Steam space for generating the l gas und steam;

jector on the line o f lFig. l; and F ig. 5 is an' end sectional l,View of anotherpart there@ mi the unete-5,0%' Fig. i.

.nartsin the, respective views. f combmation generator comprises Aa plurality of chambers'leading from end to g 'end o .fa base-portion `1, the respective chambers being ,utilizedto' react upon the duid generated so lals ,to Vrelease a highly eti'cient product. 'Ifo this end I -hayefshown at `the left of the base-portion' a water tank in- QlQsiug a furnace vor combustion chamber; from this tank lead steam pipes to a super- ,heater acted upon by the hot ,gases generated 'While at the right ofthe 'base-portion are cooling chambers for the gases. With the exception of the Water reservoirs at the extreme right and left ofm device the Various chambers are prefera ly'ot equal size and level.

' The water' tank tor the generation of V'st .earfri 4is shown at 2 the level of `the Water will 'terminate short of the upper ,end

thereof leai/ing' a 'suitable steam" space 3..

airto mix with the'vfuel.

injector f8 tor causing a detinite amount of- Similar referenceleharactes indicate like The injector comprises rauouter tapering .Shell 8 inclo'sing a core 9 disposed centrally therein Iwhich lnc'loses another core l0; each core is ,spaced from the 4other as shown in Fig. 5, lproviding suitable channels for air,

the innermost ,core 10 being designed. to .feed

gas, and as shown, iss a'ced inwardly relatively tothe shell 9. he outer end'of the shell 9 is of increased diameter and through it a natural draft is passed ,into the combustion chamber. Leading from the top of the combustion chamber .4 is a. gas pipe :12

formed with a downwardly-extending,pipe

12 traversing a partition between said water ,tank and one vof the superheaters.-A All offset 13 of pipe 12 empties into the bottom of one of the superheaters 14. Similarly a gas pipe 17 conducts the gases emerging from the pipes 16 disposed in a cylindrical shell 15 -in the chamber 14, and a down- Wardly-extending pipe,17 terminates in an oifset 18 which empties at the bottom of another superheater or chamber 19 which, together With the arrangement shown in the chamber 14, is composed of a shell containing upstanding pipes, or lines, said shell spaced from both the ltop and bottom of said chamber. therein held Within the chamber 19 are shown at 20 and 20 respectively. The pipe 21, conducting the gas from the superheater 19, leads through the branches 21 and 22 into the bottom of a cooling chamber 23 and the gases, after passing through the pipes 24 of the shell 24, are led out into the horizontally-extending pipe 25 emptying into a storage pipe 26 leading through branch 26 to a storage chamber 27. The pipe 26 is disposed vertically in a Water reservoir 28 Iilled completely With Water, as shown, the Water being fed through pipe 47 controlled by a cock 48 and governed by a safetyvalve 49.

In Fig. 2 it will be seen that a suitable pipe 29, connects the chambers 2 ,and 14 emptying into the cylinder or shell 15 from the steam space 3 of chamber 2. A similar steam-conducting pipe 30 connects shell 15 to shell 20; branch-pipe 29 discharges into superheater 15 and pipe 30 into superheater 20. A pipe 31 discharges the highly superheated steam from the shell 20. Controlling the action of the air-tube or shell 11 of the injector is a suitable governor device having a normally-open valve 35 admitting air from pipe 32 into the shell 11, and plug valve 35 is carried by valve-stem -34 obeying the action of a Weighted lever 34. A casing 33 carries a horizontally-disposed diaphragm 36 acted upon by steam coming from a pipe 45 emptying into a main steam pipe 38 conducting simultaneously steam from the steam reservoir 3l of tank 2 into a casing 39 of a second governor controlling the action of a forced-draft pipe 44. The plug valve used in this governor isdesignated 42 and is normally-open, being mounted on the valve stem 41 connected at 40 to a diaphragm in said casing, a weighted lever 41 actuating the valve stem 41. The steam pipe connections from the steam chest 3 discharge under the diaphragms 36 and 40, and suitable packing is held in stuffing boxes 34 and 43 in the governors 33 and 39 respectively.l A cock 45 is carried by pipe 44 controlling the initial passage of the forced-draft. A pipe 46 leads from the storage-pipe 26 through an offset 46 intothe tube 10 of the injector. A Water pipe 50 connects the bottom of Water reservoir 28 to the bottom of The shell and gas-conduits the cylinder 24, as shown in Fig. 1; A similar Water-pipe 51 carries Water from the cylinder 24 to the bottom of Water tank 2 through the mediumof a horizontal pipe 52 terminating in an offset 5.3. A cock 54 is carried by gas-pipe 46.

The operation of my device is as follows: The cock 48 being opened as Well as cock 48', Water Will pass through reservoir 28-When saidV reservoir is filled, cock 48 Will be opened to admit the Water through pipe 50 into pipe 51 from cylinder 24 and thence into the `Water-tank 2 completely filling it and causing the cylinder 24 next to be filled With water fromreservoir 2, cock 48 will then be turned olf until al suitable steam space 3 shall be left in tank 2, by allowing part of the Water from the cylinder 24 to enter the reservoir 28; then cock 48 Will be closed. Cock 48 will then be opened until S5 I reservoir 28 is filled completely with Water, and thereafter it Will be closed. Coah-coke, or similar minerals 35 will be' fed through pipe 6 into the combustion chamber, the air for assisting combustion passing through the grate-bars 5. To generate producer gas from the fuel it is necessary to feed and inject air through the layers of fuel to more effectively disintegrate the rapidly-forming incandescent mass and it is this thorough commingling of the currents of air with the burning fuel which contributes to liberate the carbon monoxid.

The regulation of the quantity of natural and forced draft fed into the combustion 'I chamber forms a material feature of my invention. In numerous instances it has been sought to mix live steam with the air into the injector to be fed to the fuel but this has not acted to enhance the purity of the carbon monoxid owing to the moisture present. The forced draft from pipe 44 and atmospheric draft through pipe 32 are led through shells or tubes 8 and 9 into the chamber 4, the atmospheric current being induced by the emerging gas fed through the tube 10 through gas pipe 46. By feeding gas, aS Well as air, to the layers of fuel,

the products of combustion formed will be rich in combustible elements and of a hi h purity, no more air being injected than will be n-eeded to thoroughly dissolve the fuel. It is the office of injecting the air into the bed of fuel to effect the disintegration of the fuel more `quickly than would ensue otherwise and to practically convert into a volatile fluid the carbonaceous elements. The intense calorific properties of the combustion chamber is manifested-'by the rela-` tively short interval of time in which the Water surrounding the same Will be converted into steam and the pressure or force of the steam will be exerted to regulate the admission of the air injected. In each gov- Iernor the Weighted lever Will normally hold the valife open allowing 'air to' be passed through the injector to the fuel bedjof the .combustion chamber, and the diaphra {e0- e extent of supporting 'combustion and-conibining as heated-air with the ing from the niet T'o 'enhance theconsistency' and purity of the gas it is important to' avoid an excess of air which 1would ordinarily choke the escape lof the gas; Tb" this end the high gases emanat- .pressu're of the steam flowing through pipe 38 will overcome the inertia of the weighted levers since the impact of the steam against the diaphragm would exert the stress'needed 'to' restre the diaphragm to normal position thereby closing the plug valves and preventing communication between the supply pipes and the nozzles `of the injector. The undue pressure having been retarded, the'weighted levers Vvvill open the valve and cause more air in suitable quantities to be injected into the4 combustion chamber. In this Way the action of the valves will be automatic and the gas given off by the fuel rendered rich in carbon monoxid, free from impurities.

The hot gases emerging through pipe 12 into the' steam chest 15 will enter the flues 16 and impart a measure of heat which Will gases, somewhat Weak in caloric power will next be slightly cooled while passing through theues V24: of the chest 24 and completely cooled While emerging through the Water' reservoir 28 where most of the gas will be contained in a gasometer or storage chamber 27 to be appropriatedfor immediate consumption in `a combustible capacity in the arts, as is essential to utilize the producer gas thus formed. Part of the'gas will be returned to the combustion chamber vto accelerate the purilication of the carbon mon.- oxid emanating from the fuel and stimulated by the injected air.

Numerous modifications may be resorted to Without departing in essence from the details of construction shown.

I claim,

1. A device of the kind described comprising a water tank at one end, a 4cooling de'- -vice at the other end, a plurality of steam cylinders therebetween having an outlet, a. fire-box mounted in said tank and surrounded by the Water therein, the steam cylinders and Water tank having communication -With each other, a storage pipe disposed within said cooling device, means communieating with said fire-box and cooling device arranged to heat Saidsteam cylinders, and l vrounded by the water, 'a cooling device carrying'a storage pipe, pipes connected from said lire-bex to said storage pipe 'and-ar- 'ranged to heat said superheater, a stea'rn outlet in said superheater, and 'an injector emptying into said fire-box feeding air controlled by the steamv pressure in said reservoir.

3. In combination a Water cylinder ,car-

rying an `internal fire-box, a plurality of superheater cylinders carrying each van internal steam cylinder and communicating eafch 'with saidl Water cylinder, an outlet for the superheated steam, a Water reservoir carrying a storage pipe, means .for conducting the Agases of combustion into each lsuperheated cylinder and into said storage pipe,

an automatically controlled injector creat- `ing a forced draft in the lire-box above the grate, and means conducting gas from said storage-pipe into said injector to induce a l natural draft.

4. ln combination 'a 'Water cylinder carrying an internal fire-box, a plurality of cylinders carrying each an internal steam cyli-nder charged from said water cylinder, an

outlet for the steam emerging from said steam cylinders,`a Water reservoir, a storage pipe 'cooled in saidjwater reservoir, pipes connected 'to said. fire-.box emptying the gases therefrom into: said.` l contained steam cylinder, being connected to said storage pipeyxan air injector connected to. said fire-box Within the plane of the fuel, a pipe connecting said' injector and said storage pipev to induce anair current in said injector, and' means connecting said Water cylinder and said injector automatically controlling the action of said injector.

5. A device of the kind described comprising a Water chamber at one end, a Water lroo inders to heat the tot storage pipe in said Water reservoir, a steam cylinder carried intermediate the ends of each superheater and-carrying vertical lines, a water cylinder in said cooler carrying Vertical dues, pipes emptying into the top and bottom of said superheater's and coolers and connected to said tire-box and Paid storage pipe, Water pipe connections from the Water reservoir to said Water cooler and said Water chamber, means controlled by the steam pressure of said device for feeding air into said fire-box, and an outlet for the superheated steam.

6. A combined steam and gas generator comprising a Water casing carrying an internal fire-box surrounded by said Water, a storage pipe, pipe connections from said fire-box to said storage pipe, a plurality of steam cylinders, means for heating said cylinders from said pipe connections, means for gradually cooling the gases emerging from said storage pipe, an injector emptying into said tire-box above the grate for feeding air thereinto and a governor for,

said injector comprising a normally open Weighted valve, and a normally-bowed diaphragm set straight by the steam pressure in said casing to close said valve.

7. In combination a water casing, carrying an internal tire-box, a Water reservoir carrying a storage pipe, a plurality of heating chambers, a cooling chamber adjacent said reservoir, a steam cylinder intermediate the ends of each heating chamber carrying vertical lues, a Water cylinder in said cooling chamber carrying vertical flues, pipes emptying into the top and bottom of said heating and the cooling chambers and connecting said fire-box and storage pipe, pipes connecting the Water casing with each steam cylinder, a steam outlet for said heating chambers, Water inlets for said casing and cooling chambers connected to said reservoir, an injector emptying above the grate of said lire-box and having a nozzle for a forced draft, a nozzle therein for a natural draft and a nozzle in the latter, a pipe conducting'gas from said storage pipe to said last-named nozzle to induce the natural draft, and a governor for the forced and natural draft nozzles, each governor compiising a normally open Weighted valve and a normally-bowed diaphragm set straight by the steam pressure in said casing to close said Valve. y

8. A device of the kind described coniprising a plurality of steam chambers, means for establishing communication between said chambers, a lseries of dues disposed in said chambers, a series of flues independent of said steam chambers, a com-- bustion chamber, means for conveying gases from said combustion chamber through all the series of said flues, and means for purifying the gases emerging from said secondnamed series of lues.

9. In combination a fire-box, a steam supply drum around said fire-box, means for conveying steam from said steam drum, means for conveying gas from said lire-box, means for conveying air into said lire-box, means for causing the conveyed gases to superheat the conveyed steam, and means controlled by the pressure of steam for regulating the admission of said air.

10. In combination a fire-box, a steam supply drum cooperating With said fireboX, means for conveying steam from said steam dome, means for conveying gas from said {jre-box, means for causing said conveyed gases to superheat said conveyed steam, a reservoir for said gases, an atmospheric pipe emptying into said fire-box over the grate, and means for feeding gas from said reservoir through said pipe into said {ire-box to induce an atmospheric current.

11. In combination a steam supply drum, separate steam inclosures communicating with said drum, a combustion chamber, said steam drum cooperating with said combustion chamber, means for conveying gases from said combustion chamber, means for causing said conveyed gases to superheat steam in said steam inclosures, means for purifying said conveyed gases, an atmospheric pipe emptying into said combustion chamber, a forced draft pipe emptying into said combustion chamber, steam controlled means for regulating the admission of air into said atmospheric pipe, steam controlled means for regulating the admission of air into said force-draft pipe, and means for conveying purified gas through said atmospheric pipe to induce a current of air therethrough.

12. The improved apparatus for the purpose specified, comprising a Water heater,

a combustion chamber arranged therein, at

gas and steam heater connected therewith, a gas discharge pipe leading to a storage tank, a steampipe for conducting steam to a motor, and a supplemental gas pipe connected with the discharge pipe and provided With a nozzle for introducing gas into the fuel space of the combustion chamber, and an atmospheric air nozzle Within Which said gas nozzle is arranged to operate as an injector, substantially as described.

13. The improved apparatus for the purpose specified, comprising a Water heater, a combust-ion chamber arranged therein, a series of gas and steam heaters and pipes connecting them With each other and with the combustion chamber, a gas sto-rage tank and the gas pipe connecting the heaters there- With, steaml and air pipes connecting the Water heater With the lieateis, and a steam discharge pipe connected With the last heater of the series, a supplemental gas pipe connected with the main discharge pipe and provided With a nozzle introduced into the fuel space of 'the combustion chamber, an atmospheric air nozzle surrounding such gas nozzle, and a second air nozzle arranged exterior to the first named one, and a pipe connecting the same With a source of air supply under pressure, substantially as described.

14. In an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination With a water heater and steam generator, of a combustion chainber arranged therein and having a pipe for discharge of the gases of combustion, a

storage tank with which such pipe is ultimately connected, a supplemental pipe leading therefrom to the combustion chamber where it is provided with an injector nozzle, and a second nozzle surrounding the gas nozzle and connected with van atmospheric air pipe whereby gas introduced under pressure produces an induced current of atmospheric air for sup ort of combustion, sub` stantially as descri ed.

A 15. In an apparatus for the purpose speci'- ied, the combination with a water heater and steam generator, of a combustion chamber arranged therein and provided with a gas discharge pipe, a second gas pipe connected therewith and having a nozzle for conveying gas into the fuel space of the combustion chamber, an air nozzle surrounding the gas nozzle, and a pipe connected therewith and leading to a source of air supply in which the air is under pressure, substantially as described.

16. In an apparatus forthe purpose specified, the combination with a water heater and steam generator, of a combustion chamber arranged therein and provided with a v gas discharge pipe, a supplemental gas pipe connected therewith and having a nozzle for introducing gas into the fuel space of said combustion chamber, air nozzles surrounding the gas nozzle and arranged concentrically therewith, pipes communicatingv with the air nozzles and provided with governors, an air admission pipe connected with the steam space of the generator with said governors, and gas andV steam heaters operatively connected with the gas and steam generators, as shown and described.

17. In an apparatus for the purpose specified, the combination with a combustion chamber and water heater connected therewith, of a primary water receiver and heater, intermediate heaters connected with the combustion chamber, a gas pipe arranged in the primary heater, a storage tank with which said pipe is connected, and a supplemental water pipe connecting the rimary heater with the heater wherein t e combustion Vchamber is arranged, substantially as de-

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