UA17790U - Method for mass cartridge utilization - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for mass utilization of cartridges includes placement of cartridges on the first rotary rotor conveyor in loading zone, with displacement of cartridges to the zone of bullet extraction, with separation of bullets from shells and with removal of powder from the shells. The cartridges placed on the first rotary conveyor are in sequence transferred to the second rotary rotor conveyor, by means of this one the shells are in turn transported through the zone of bullet extraction where the bullets are removed from the shells and in turn those are supplied to the third rotary rotor conveyor by means of which those are displaced to the zone of powder removal, there the shells are turned with bottom up and powder is removed from those, and in turn they are supplied to the fourth rotary rotor conveyor by means of which the shells are in turn moved to the zone of shell neutralization, there in turn the capsules are neutralized, and the shells free of bullets, powder and with neutralized capsules are in turn moved to the zone of unloading and are unloaded.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to weapons technology, in particular to the technology of mass disposal of cartridges that have 2 gone out of use.

The disposal of cartridges, which within the framework of this useful model is understood as unitary cartridges of small and medium calibers of rifle and cannon weapons, is a very urgent task. There is a constant need to dispose of a large number of cartridges, some of which become unusable due to the expiration of their shelf life, others have become unusable due to external influences, and others are intended for obsolete or decommissioned weapons, etc.

In I (patent of the Russian Federation Mo2181188, publ. 10.04.2002), a method of processing rifle cartridges containing a cylindrical sleeve in the form of a cylindrical body with a powder charge, a bottom in which a capsule is installed, and a socket in which an outwardly protruding bullet is fixed, is described includes alternate placement of cartridges on a rotating rotary conveyor in the loading zone, alternate movement of cartridges into the bullet extraction zone, separation of 72 bullets from the casings by destroying the casing socket when a transverse force is applied to the top of the bullet, removing and removing gunpowder from the casing and unloading the casings.

The device for the implementation of this method includes a rotatable rotary conveyor with a set of clips for cartridges, a bullet extractor, a grid for separating bullets from gunpowder, and accumulators of bullets and gunpowder.

The main disadvantage of this method and this device is that the mechanical destruction of the cartridge case is associated with the fact that at the point of metal rupture, its local heating occurs, which can lead to the ignition of gunpowder particles located in the immediate vicinity and the firing of ammunition. The degree of local heating is higher, the greater the speed of this operation, in connection with which this speed must be limited in such a way as to exclude the possibility of dangerous local heating, which can lead to the ignition of gunpowder. Limiting the speed of extraction of the ball leads to a limitation of the productivity of the method and the 22 installation as a whole. -at

In another known method (patent of the Russian Federation Mo2122706, publ. 11/27/1998)| the cartridges are placed one by one on a rotating rotary conveyor in the loading zone, then the cartridges are moved one by one to the bullet extraction zone, the bullets are separated from the casings by successive deformation of the casing socket when a transverse force is applied to the top of the bullet and an axial load is applied to the bullet, after which the gunpowder is removed and removed with about 30 cartridges, and cartridges are unloaded. Gee!

The device for the implementation of this method includes a rotatable rotary conveyor with a set of clips for cartridges, a bullet extractor, a grid for separating bullets from gunpowder, and accumulators of bullets and gunpowder. in

These known methods and devices are characterized by the same disadvantages as for the previously described analog, with the only difference being that the time spent on extracting the bullet in this case is even greater. 3o The goal of this useful model is to create a highly productive method for processing rifle cartridges. --

The task is solved by the fact that the method of mass disposal of cartridges, which contain a sleeve in the form of a cylindrical body with a powder charge, a bottom with a capsule and a nozzle, in which an outwardly protruding bullet is fixed, includes placing cartridges on the first rotating rotary conveyor in the loading zone, moving cartridges to the zone of extraction of bullets, separation of bullets from casings, and release of casings from Z 0 gunpowder, the cartridges placed on the first rotating rotary conveyor are transferred in turn to the second rotating rotary conveyor, with the help of which the cartridges are alternately transported through the extraction zone

From" bullets, where the casings are freed from the bullets and alternately transferred to the third rotating rotary conveyor, with the help of which they are transferred to the powder removal zone, where the casings are turned upside down and freed from the powder and alternately transferred to the fourth rotating rotary conveyor, using whose casings are 45 in turn moved to the zone of disposal of casings, where the capsules are sequentially neutralized, and the casings, freed from bullets, gunpowder and with neutralized capsules, are alternately moved to the unloading area and unloaded. -i Predominantly, cartridges on the first rotating rotary conveyor are placed with the balls up. If, for any reason, the cartridges on the first rotating rotary conveyor are placed with the balls 7 down, they are turned over in the process of transportation to the transfer zone on the second rotating rotary conveyor

Te) 20 bullets up. This is important in order to ensure separate discharge of bullets and powder due to the fact that the powder is poured down into the bottom of the case and the bullets are facing up. c Bullets can be pulled out by applying an axial force to them, before which it is advisable to influence the top of the bullet with a lateral force, due to which the density of the bullet's landing in the sleeve hole is weakened and the process of its removal is facilitated.

In the process of long-term preservation of cartridges, particles of powder in them can stick together and attach to the inner walls of the sleeve, which can lead to incomplete liberation of the sleeve from gunpowder. To avoid this, it is advisable to vibrate the sleeve before feeding it to the powder removal zone.

Dust is preferably removed from the dust removal zone in small portions.

Capsules can be neutralized by impact on them or in any other way, for example, by thermal, chemical or hydraulic influence.

Preferably, the effectiveness of capsule neutralization is monitored by monitoring the presence of an acoustic wave and/or a light flash and/or a gas-dynamic shock synchronous with the impact on the capsule, and in the absence of one of the signals synchronous with the impact on the capsule, the cartridge case is not considered neutralized and is unloaded separately from neutralized cartridges. for In more detail, the method, as well as the device, with the help of which it is possible to implement the specified method,

are explained with the help of drawings that show:

Fig. 1 - a general view of the device for mass disposal of cartridges;

Fig. 2 - a schematic representation of a fragment of the first rotary conveyor with a feeding chute;

Fig. 3 - a diagram of the node of lateral impact on the ball;

Fig. 4 - diagram of the unit of axial influence on the ball;

Fig. 5 - diagram of the unit of wet reception of gunpowder;

Fig. 6 - diagram of the capsule disposal unit;

Fig. 7 - an image of the cartridge. 70 The device for the mass disposal of cartridges contains a frame on which the first rotary conveyor 1, the second rotary conveyor 2, the third rotary conveyor Z and the fourth rotary conveyor 4 are installed with the possibility of rotation. In order to ensure safety, the rotary conveyors 1, 2, Z and 4 are covered from above protective cover 5 (Fig. 1).

The first rotary conveyor 1 contains a set of clamps b for cartridges, each of which is made, for example, in the form of a pair of jaws 7 (Fig. 2). In the cartridge loading area, the feed chute 8 from the loading unit, in which cartridges are pre-positioned (on

Fig. not shown). Clamps 6 are made with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane.

The second, third and fourth rotary conveyors 2, C and 4 also contain a set of clips for cartridges and are installed in relation to each other so that the trajectories of cartridges in the clips of adjacent conveyors overlap with each other.

The second rotary conveyor 2 with clamps 9 is connected to a stopper 10 and a cam ball extractor 11 installed sequentially in the direction of rotation of the conveyor 2 (Fig. 3, 4).

The third rotary conveyor C with clamps 12, which are installed with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane, is connected to the powder receiving device. Alternatively, the powder receiving device can be made in the form of a tray 13 with at least one spraying nozzle 14 and several washing nozzles 15 (Fig. 5). The nozzles 14 and 15 are connected to the pump 16, the input of which is connected to the collector 17 of the phlegmatizing liquid. Tray 13 is also connected to this container. The receiving part of the tray 13 has an elongated shape and passes along an arc under the rotary conveyor Z so that in the position of powder discharge above the receiving part of the tray 13 there can be several cartridges at once. In order to ensure a reliable and uniform process of releasing the shells from the powder, they are exposed to vibration at any previous stage, which contributes to the crushing of the deposited powder granules and the separation of powder particles from the walls of the shells. The source of vibration can be any known devices connected to clamps 6, 9 or 12, or rotary conveyors 1, 2 or 3. M

The container 17 is equipped with a filter 18 for separating phlegmatized gunpowder. In another version, the device for receiving gunpowder can be made in the form of a tray under which a conveyor with small containers is installed - z5 That moves discretely. "-

The fourth rotary conveyor with clamps 19 includes a capsule neutralizer in the form of a striker 20 (Fig. b), acoustic and optical control devices and a shock wave sensor, as well as receiving trays for neutralized and not neutralized cartridges (not shown).

Each cartridge has a sleeve 21 with a bottom 22 in which a capsule 23 is installed (Fig. 7). The case of the cartridge case has a cylindrical shape with a nozzle 24 in which the shank of the ball 25 is fixed, the top of which protrudes beyond the surface of the cartridge case. There is a powder charge in the cartridge case. . The device designed to implement the method of mass disposal of cartridges works as follows. and?" Previously, the cartridges are positioned with the help of an external loading device so that they enter through the feed chute 8 in the direction of the first rotary conveyor with the balls up (Fig. 2). In the area of loading from the feed chute 8, the cartridges one by one enter the clamps b of the first rotary conveyor - on which, in the process of moving the cartridges to the connection zone of the first 1 and the second 2 rotary conveyors, the position of the cartridges is controlled using any known means suitable for this. In the case of detection of a cartridge located with the bullet down, the clamp b on command of the control device turns over such a cartridge with the bullet up. As a result, to the connection zone of the first 1 and the second 2 rotary conveyors

Cartridges oriented strictly with the balls upwards are suitable. ik In the zone of connection of the first 1 and the second 2 rotary conveyors, the clamps 6 of the first rotary conveyor o alternately transfer the cartridges to the clamp 9 of the second rotary conveyor and return to the starting position to receive new cartridges from the feeding chute 8. At the same time, the cartridges located in clamps of the second 2 rotary conveyor, are first brought to the stop 10, which affects the top of the bullet with a lateral force, displaces its top from the axis of the sleeve and thereby weakens the density of the bullet shank landing in the socket of the sleeve, and then to the cam bullet extractor, which captures bullets with cams, affects them with axial force, pulls them out of the sleeves and directs them into the receiver for bullets (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4). After that, the casings, free of bullets, but with a powder charge inside, are moved to the connection zone of the second 2 and third Z rotary conveyors. In this zone, the clamps 9 of the second rotary conveyor alternately transfer the cartridges with powder to the bo clamp 12 of the third rotary conveyor and return to the starting position to receive new cartridges from the clamps 2 of the first rotary conveyor 1.

At the same time, the cartridges with powder, located in the clamps 9 of the second rotary conveyor 2, are brought one by one to the powder discharge zone, where the clamps 9 turn the cartridges upside down and the powder is poured into the receiving part of the tray 13 (Fig. 5). The movement of the shells on the rotary conveyor 2 and the moments of their overturning 65 are synchronized so that the powder particles do not start to fall out of the shells before the receiving part of the tray 13 appears under the shell, and do not continue to fall out after the shell passes the receiving part of the tray

The flow of dry powder pouring out of the cartridges is irrigated with sprayed phlegmatizing liquid, which is supplied by the spray nozzle 14, which contributes to the fall of powder particles in the tray 13 and prevents the formation of an explosive powder-air mixture. Flushing nozzles are installed below the spraying nozzle 14, through which jets of phlegmatizing liquid are supplied to the tray 13, which washes off the powder particles on the filter 18 installed in the collector 17. The powder particles settle on the filter 18 and are then fed into the powder accumulator for further disposal. The phlegmatizing liquid cleaned of gunpowder passes through the filter 18 into the collector 17, from where it is again supplied to the nozzles 14 and 15 with the help of a pump 16. 70 For dry collection of gunpowder, nozzles 14, 15, pump 16 and phlegmatizing liquid are not used, and the gunpowder is simply poured into small containers installed on a discretely moving conveyor. Each such container is under the tray until it is filled, after which it is moved to a safe distance from the tray and unloaded into a safe accumulator, and the next container is brought under the tray. Each container has such a volume that even an accidental ignition of gunpowder in it will qualify as a regular event and will not have any 7/5 noticeable consequences for the installation, personnel or environment.

Cartridges free from gunpowder are further moved by the third rotary conveyor Z to the zone of its connection with the fourth rotary conveyor 4 and are alternately transferred to the clamps 19 of the latter, and the clamps 12 of the conveyor Z return to their starting position to receive new cartridges from the clamps 9 of the second conveyor 2. The fourth rotary the conveyor alternately brings the empty cartridges 21 to the striker 20 of the capsule neutralizer. At the moment when the casing enters the working zone, the firing pin strikes the outer surface of the capsule 23, resulting in the combustion of the initiating explosive substance of the capsule, that is, its neutralization. This process is controlled by a device for recording the acoustic wave from the combustion of the capsules, a device for recording a flash of light from the combustion of the capsules and a device for registering a gas-dynamic shock from the combustion of the capsules. If synchronously with the impact of the firing pin, all three devices produce signals confirming the combustion of the capsule, the shell is sent to the receiving tray for neutralized shells. In the absence of such a signal from at least one of these devices, the sleeve is not considered neutralized and is sent to the receiving tray for sleeves subject to additional neutralization.

The useful model provides a significant increase in the productivity of the method due to the fact that various processing operations - cartridge positioning, bullet extraction, powder removal and capsule decontamination - are carried out separately, on specialized rotary conveyors. The applicant manufactured an experimental plant for processing rifle cartridges of caliber 7.62 mm with rotary conveyors for 25 clamps, each of which allows processing up to 15 thousand cartridges per hour with complete safety for service personnel and the environment.

The useful model is not limited to the example described above and covers all possible options available to a person skilled in the art based on the attached formula of the useful model taking into account the information presented here.

Claims (9)

The formula of the invention «| And she she | п ши с 1. The method of mass disposal of cartridges, which contain a sleeve in the form of a cylindrical body with a powder charge, a bottom with a capsule and a muzzle, in which an outwardly protruding bullet is fixed, which includes the placement of "z" cartridges on the first rotating rotary conveyor in the loading zone, moving the cartridges to the bullet extraction zone, separating the bullets from the casings, and freeing the casings from gunpowder, which differs in that the cartridges placed on the first rotating rotary conveyor are alternately transferred to the second rotating rotary conveyor, with the help of which the cartridges are alternately transported through the extraction zone bullets, where the casings are freed from bullets and alternately transferred to the third rotating rotary conveyor, with the help of which they are - moved to the gunpowder removal zone, where the casings are turned upside down and freed from gunpowder, and alternately - transferred to the fourth rotating rotary conveyor, for with the help of which the casings are alternately moved to the 5th Zone of disposal of casings, where in sequence capsules are neutralized, and the casings, freed from bullets, gunpowder and with re) neutralized capsules are moved to the unloading area and unloaded. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that cartridges are placed on the first rotating rotary conveyor with the balls up. Q. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that the cartridges are placed on the first rotating rotary conveyor with the balls down and in the process of transportation to the transfer zone on the second rotating rotary conveyor are turned over with the balls up. with 4. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that the balls are pulled out by applying an axial force to them. 5. The method according to claim 4, which differs in that before applying an axial force to the ball, a lateral force is applied to its top. in 6. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that, before being fed to the powder removal zone, the sleeve is vibrated to loosen the powder charge. 7. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that the capsules are neutralized by impacting them. 8. The method according to claim 7, which differs in that the process of neutralization of the capsules is controlled by monitoring the presence of signals in the form of acoustic shocks and/or light flashes, and/or gas-dynamic shocks, d5/synchronous with impact on the capsule. 9. The method according to claim 8, which differs in that in the absence of one of the specified signals synchronous with the shock impact on the capsule, the shell is not considered neutralized and is unloaded separately from the neutralized shells. - (ав) Ге) и- и- че: - with . a - -I -I so o "2 s bo b5