TWI830020B - A nutritional composition for alleviating sarcopenia and the use thereof - Google Patents
A nutritional composition for alleviating sarcopenia and the use thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關一種供改善肌少症之營養組合物及其用途，尤指一種使用白藜蘆醇、中鏈脂肪酸或其組合作為有效成份之營養組合物及其用途，以改善人體細胞粒線體功能，進而促進細胞能量之運用，使其容易為人體所吸收，直接達成增肌減脂功效，從而改善肌少症之症狀。 The present invention relates to a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia and its use, in particular to a nutritional composition using resveratrol, medium-chain fatty acids or a combination thereof as active ingredients and its use to improve human cell granulation. body function, thereby promoting the use of cell energy, making it easily absorbed by the body, directly achieving the effect of increasing muscle and reducing fat, thereby improving the symptoms of sarcopenia.
隨著高齡化社會的到來，與老化相關的議題逐漸成為眾所關注的焦點，肌少症(Sarcopenia)即為其中之一。肌少症涉及肌肉減少與功能喪失之意，即漸進式的肌肉質量減少和肌肉功能之降低，其易於提高疾病發生率，並使生活品質降低。 With the arrival of an aging society, issues related to aging have gradually become the focus of public attention, and sarcopenia is one of them. Sarcopenia involves muscle loss and loss of function, that is, a progressive loss of muscle mass and a decrease in muscle function, which can easily increase the incidence of disease and reduce the quality of life.
肌少症的原因很多，包括有運動神經之退化、蛋白質合成減少、營養供給不足、久坐少動或臥病在床、發炎反應等等。隨著肌肉的流失，脂肪組織也會逐漸堆積，其相當不利於老年族群的健康。老年人若合併有肌肉萎縮與肥胖的情況，會加速老年人的身體失能、罹病率與死亡率。 There are many causes of sarcopenia, including degeneration of motor nerves, reduced protein synthesis, insufficient nutritional supply, prolonged sedentary inactivity or bed rest, inflammatory response, etc. As muscles are lost, fat tissue will gradually accumulate, which is quite detrimental to the health of the elderly. The combination of muscle atrophy and obesity in the elderly will accelerate their physical disability, morbidity and mortality.
為減緩「肌少症」，除了多運動外，營養補充也很重要。於營養補充方面，目前一般採用的增肌營養素不外乎以下幾種：乳清蛋白、胺基酸和維生素D。乳清蛋白和胺基酸有助於肌肉合成，維生素D則可活化以促進肌肉蛋白質的合成。然而，上述增肌營養素較不易為人體吸收，因 此於使用上往往成效不佳。 In order to slow down "sarcopenia", in addition to exercising more, nutritional supplements are also important. In terms of nutritional supplements, the currently commonly used muscle-building nutrients are nothing more than the following: whey protein, amino acids and vitamin D. Whey protein and amino acids help muscle synthesis, and vitamin D is activated to promote muscle protein synthesis. However, the above-mentioned muscle-building nutrients are less easily absorbed by the human body because This is often ineffective in use.
目前一般為改善「肌少症」而採用的增肌營養素，例如乳清蛋白、胺基酸和維生素D，不易為人體吸收，而往往成效不佳，此即為本發明所欲解決之技術問題。 The muscle-building nutrients currently used to improve "sarcopenia", such as whey protein, amino acids and vitamin D, are not easily absorbed by the human body and often have poor results. This is the technical problem that the present invention aims to solve. .
為解決此一技術問題，本發明提供有一種使用白藜蘆醇、中鏈脂肪酸或其述二者之組合作為有效成份之營養組合物及其用途，以改善人體細胞粒線體功能，進而促進細胞能量之運用，使其容易為人體所吸收，直接達成增肌減脂功效，從而改善肌少症之症狀。 In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a nutritional composition using resveratrol, medium-chain fatty acids or a combination of the two as active ingredients and its use to improve the mitochondrial function of human cells and thereby promote The use of cellular energy makes it easily absorbed by the human body, directly achieving the effect of increasing muscle and reducing fat, thus improving the symptoms of sarcopenia.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種供改善肌少症之營養組合物，其包含白藜蘆醇作為有效成份。 The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, which contains resveratrol as an active ingredient.
於實施時，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物更包含中鏈脂肪酸作為有效成份；其中，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物所含之白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸之比例係介於1：1至1：5之範圍內。 During implementation, the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia further includes medium-chain fatty acids as active ingredients; wherein, the proportion of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids contained in the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia is between Within the range of 1:1 to 1:5.
於實施時，所述供改善肌少症之營養組合物係含有1~20wt%之白藜蘆醇和1~20wt%之中鏈脂肪酸。 During implementation, the nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia contains 1 to 20 wt% resveratrol and 1 to 20 wt% medium-chain fatty acids.
於實施時，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物更包含以下有效成份：20~90wt%之乳清蛋白、5~30wt%之支鏈胺基酸、1~50wt%之肌酸以及0.01~10wt%之維生素D。於一實施例中，前述支鏈胺基酸係包括白胺酸、異白胺酸和纈胺酸中至少一者。 During implementation, the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia further includes the following effective ingredients: 20~90wt% whey protein, 5~30wt% branched chain amino acids, 1~50wt% creatine and 0.01~ 10wt% of vitamin D. In one embodiment, the branched chain amino acids include at least one of leucine, isoleucine and valine.
本發明另提供一種供改善肌少症之營養組合物，其包含中鏈脂肪酸作為有效成份。 The present invention also provides a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, which contains medium-chain fatty acids as active ingredients.
於實施時，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物更包含白藜蘆醇作為有效成份；其中，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物所含之白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸之比例係介於1：1至1：5之範圍內。 During implementation, the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia further includes resveratrol as an active ingredient; wherein, the ratio of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids contained in the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia is mediated. Within the range of 1:1 to 1:5.
於實施時，所述供改善肌少症之營養組合物係含有1~20wt%之白藜蘆醇和1~20wt%之中鏈脂肪酸。 During implementation, the nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia contains 1 to 20 wt% resveratrol and 1 to 20 wt% medium-chain fatty acids.
於實施時，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物更包含以下有效成份：20~90wt%之乳清蛋白、5~30wt%之支鏈胺基酸、1~50wt%之肌酸以及0.01~10wt%之維生素D。於一實施例中，前述支鏈胺基酸係包括白胺酸、異白胺酸和纈胺酸中至少一者。 During implementation, the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia further includes the following effective ingredients: 20~90wt% whey protein, 5~30wt% branched chain amino acids, 1~50wt% creatine and 0.01~ 10wt% of vitamin D. In one embodiment, the branched chain amino acids include at least one of leucine, isoleucine and valine.
本發明另提供一種使用白藜蘆醇於製備改善肌少症之營養組合物之用途、一種使用中鏈脂肪酸於製備改善肌少症之營養組合物之用途、以及一種使用白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸於製備改善肌少症之營養組合物之用途。 The present invention also provides a use of resveratrol in preparing a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, a use of medium-chain fatty acids in preparing a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, and a use of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids. Use of fatty acids in preparing nutritional compositions for improving sarcopenia.
〔圖1〕係顯示本發明之供改善肌少症之營養組合物投與前後在四肢肌肉質量上之比較。 [Fig. 1] shows a comparison of limb muscle mass before and after administration of the nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia of the present invention.
〔圖2〕係顯示本發明之供改善肌少症之營養組合物投與前後在握力上之比較。 [Figure 2] shows a comparison of grip strength before and after administration of the nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia of the present invention.
本發明係有關一種使用白藜蘆醇於製備改善肌少症之營養組合物之用途、使用中鏈脂肪酸於製備改善肌少症之營養組合物之用途或使用白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸之組合於製備改善肌少症之營養組合物之用途。 The present invention relates to the use of resveratrol in preparing a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, the use of medium-chain fatty acids in preparing a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, or the use of a combination of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids. Use in preparing nutritional compositions for improving sarcopenia.
白藜蘆醇(Resveratrol)為一種天然多酚(Polyphenol)化合物，多數存在於水果和蔬菜中。白藜蘆醇具有很好的抗氧化和抗發炎活性，因此可減緩肌纖維和神經肌肉接點之老化，進而延緩肌肉和神經元衰老。此外，白藜蘆醇亦有助於改善血糖代謝和體脂肪，促進內皮細胞舒張，以及對老年人記憶表現之改善。 Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol compound found mostly in fruits and vegetables. Resveratrol has good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, so it can slow down the aging of muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions, thereby delaying the aging of muscles and neurons. In addition, resveratrol also helps improve blood sugar metabolism and body fat, promote endothelial cell relaxation, and improve memory performance in the elderly.
中鏈脂肪酸(Medium Chain Triglyceride)為包含8至12碳鏈長度之飽和脂肪酸，其分子量小，水溶性較高，於中性環境易於離子化，溶解度亦較長鏈脂肪酸為佳，因此不需膽汁乳化即可快速地為胰脂解酶水解，並通過肝門靜脈直接送至肝臟，可快速代謝產生能量，而供身體利用。此外，其不會經由淋巴循環送至全身其它組織，因此不會增加周邊組織和血管脂肪堆積之風險。 Medium Chain Triglyceride (Medium Chain Triglyceride) is a saturated fatty acid containing 8 to 12 carbon chain lengths. It has a small molecular weight, high water solubility, and is easily ionized in a neutral environment. Its solubility is better than that of longer chain fatty acids, so it does not require bile. After emulsification, it can be quickly hydrolyzed by pancreatic lipolytic enzyme and sent directly to the liver through the hepatic portal vein, where it can be rapidly metabolized to produce energy for use by the body. In addition, it will not be sent to other tissues throughout the body via lymphatic circulation, so it will not increase the risk of fat accumulation in peripheral tissues and blood vessels.
通過門脈循環，中鏈脂肪酸濃度之增加可活化飢餓素(Ghrelin)。飢餓素為一種由二十八個胺基酸所組成之多胜肽激素，其可透過生長激素分泌接受器，強力刺激生長激素之分泌作用，因此可促進生長激素之分泌，從而增加生長激素之濃度。而生長激素則可促進蛋白合成、肌細胞分化、肌肉生長及脂肪分解，從而可增加肌肉質量、增強肌肉力量，進而延緩肌少症的發生。 Through the portal circulation, an increase in the concentration of medium-chain fatty acids activates ghrelin. Ghrelin is a polypeptide hormone composed of twenty-eight amino acids. It can strongly stimulate the secretion of growth hormone through growth hormone secretion receptors, thereby promoting the secretion of growth hormone, thereby increasing the secretion of growth hormone. concentration. Growth hormone can promote protein synthesis, myocyte differentiation, muscle growth and lipolysis, thereby increasing muscle mass, enhancing muscle strength, and thus delaying the occurrence of sarcopenia.
本發明另提供一種以白藜蘆醇作為有效成份之營養組合物、以中鏈脂肪酸作為有效成份之營養組合物或以白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸之組合作為有效成份之營養組合物。當同時以白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸之組合作為有效成份時，前述供改善肌少症之營養組合物所含之白藜蘆醇和中鏈脂肪酸之比例係介於1：1至1：5之範圍內。例如，於一實施例中，前述供改 善肌少症之營養組合物含有1~20wt%之白藜蘆醇以及1~20wt%之中鏈脂肪酸。 The present invention also provides a nutritional composition using resveratrol as an active ingredient, a nutritional composition using medium-chain fatty acids as an active ingredient, or a nutritional composition using a combination of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids as an active ingredient. When a combination of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids are used as active ingredients at the same time, the ratio of resveratrol and medium-chain fatty acids contained in the aforementioned nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia is between 1:1 and 1:5. within the range. For example, in one embodiment, the aforementioned modification The sarcopenia-friendly nutritional composition contains 1~20wt% resveratrol and 1~20wt% medium-chain fatty acids.
此外，本發明另又提供一種供改善肌少症之營養組合物，其除包含白藜蘆醇、中鏈脂肪酸或前述二者之組合外，或包含乳清蛋白、支鏈胺基酸、肌酸和維生素D作為有效成份。 In addition, the present invention further provides a nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia, which in addition to resveratrol, medium-chain fatty acids or a combination of the two, may also contain whey protein, branched-chain amino acids, muscle Acid and vitamin D as active ingredients.
於一實施例中，本發明之供改善肌少症之營養組合物包括以下有效成份：1~20wt%之白藜蘆醇、1~20wt%之中鏈脂肪酸、20~90wt%之乳清蛋白、5~30wt%之支鏈胺基酸、1~50wt%之肌酸以及0.01~10wt%之維生素D。其中，前述支鏈胺基酸係包括白胺酸、異白胺酸和纈胺酸中至少一者。此外，於實施時，前述營養組合物可呈粉末、液態或固態(如錠劑)等形式。 In one embodiment, the nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia of the present invention includes the following effective ingredients: 1 to 20 wt% resveratrol, 1 to 20 wt% medium chain fatty acids, and 20 to 90 wt% whey protein. , 5~30wt% branched chain amino acids, 1~50wt% creatine and 0.01~10wt% vitamin D. Wherein, the aforementioned branched chain amino acid system includes at least one of leucine, isoleucine and valine. In addition, during implementation, the aforementioned nutritional composition may be in the form of powder, liquid or solid (such as tablets).
乳清蛋白(whey protein)含有多種氨基酸，包括所有的必需氨基酸，以及一些免疫球蛋白、生長因子。乳清蛋白有助於蛋白質製造與肌肉修復，且於持續規律的阻力訓練期間，其可提升最大肌力和無脂肪重量指數(fat-free mass)以及肌肉大小之變化幅度。因此，乳清蛋白之補充實有助於恢復阻力訓練後的肌肉收縮功能。此外，乳清蛋白和相關衍生物之攝取，亦有助於微幅降低發炎程度，而發炎正是造成肌少症之機轉之一。此外，於高升糖指數飲食前若攝取乳清蛋白，可提升胰島素分泌，降低餐後血糖值。此外，乳清蛋白另可降低三酸甘油酯，具有抑制食慾之效果，並有助於改善以下身體組成參數：體重、體脂肪、去脂體重。 Whey protein contains a variety of amino acids, including all essential amino acids, as well as some immunoglobulins and growth factors. Whey protein assists in protein production and muscle repair, and during continued regular resistance training, it can increase maximum muscle strength, fat-free mass index (fat-free mass), and changes in muscle size. Therefore, whey protein supplementation can help restore muscle contraction function after resistance training. In addition, the intake of whey protein and related derivatives can also help to slightly reduce the degree of inflammation, which is one of the mechanisms leading to sarcopenia. In addition, if you consume whey protein before a high-glycemic index meal, it can increase insulin secretion and reduce post-meal blood sugar levels. In addition, whey protein can also reduce triglycerides, have an appetite suppressing effect, and help improve the following body composition parameters: body weight, body fat, and lean body mass.
支鏈胺基酸(Branch Chain Amino Acid)包括白胺酸、異白胺酸、纈胺酸。白胺酸和異白胺酸係可藉由轉胺作用(transamination)，代 謝為乙醯乙醯輔酶A(aceto-acetyl CoA)，而進入檸檬酸循環，以產生更多的能量，供工作肌使用。異白胺酸和纈胺酸則可藉由轉胺作用形成α-酮酸，代謝為琥珀酸輔酶A(succinyl CoA)，進而轉化為蘋果酸(malate)和丙酮酸(pyruvate)，最後轉化為丙胺酸(alanine)。當經由上述途徑轉化為丙胺酸後，身體可經由血液將丙胺酸送至肝臟，隨後將其先轉化為丙酮酸，再轉化為葡萄糖，轉化所得之葡萄糖則可經由血液運送回肌肉，以提供工作肌作為運動時之能量來源。支鏈胺基酸可降低運動疲勞、增加肌肉量，並有助於穩定血糖和減少體脂肪。尤其，當白胺酸佔高比例、異白胺酸和纈胺酸佔低比例時，在降低運動疲勞與增加肌肉量等方面，效果更是顯著。 Branch Chain Amino Acid (Branch Chain Amino Acid) includes leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Leucine and isoleucine can be replaced by transamination. It is converted into aceto-acetyl CoA (aceto-acetyl CoA) and enters the citric acid cycle to produce more energy for use by working muscles. Isoleucine and valine can form α-keto acid through transamination, which is metabolized into succinyl CoA (succinyl CoA), and then converted into malate (malate) and pyruvate (pyruvate), and finally converted into alanine. When converted into alanine through the above pathways, the body can send alanine to the liver through the blood, and then convert it first into pyruvate, and then into glucose. The converted glucose can be transported back to the muscles through the blood to provide work Muscles serve as a source of energy during exercise. Branched-chain amino acids reduce exercise fatigue, increase muscle mass, and help stabilize blood sugar and reduce body fat. In particular, when the proportion of leucine is high and the proportions of isoleucine and valine are low, the effect is even more significant in reducing exercise fatigue and increasing muscle mass.
肌酸(Creatine)於結構上和氨基酸相似，且於體內約有95%的肌酸是儲存在骨骼肌內。肌酸和磷酸原(Phosphagen)經結合會形成磷酸肌酸，磷酸肌酸有助於身體產生ATP，而運動之表現正是取決於肌肉是否有足夠的ATP可供使用。因此，肌酸之補充可增加肌肉質量與力量。換言之，無論是否從事阻抗運動，肌酸皆可改善老年人肌肉和身體機能指標。 Creatine is similar in structure to amino acids, and about 95% of creatine in the body is stored in skeletal muscles. Creatine and phosphagen are combined to form creatine phosphate, which helps the body produce ATP, and exercise performance depends on whether the muscles have enough ATP available. Therefore, creatine supplementation can increase muscle mass and strength. In other words, creatine can improve muscle and physical function indicators in older adults regardless of whether they engage in resistance exercise.
在老年人，缺乏維生素D的常見原因包括日照不足、攝取不足、腸道吸收不足、腎臟維生素D羥化酶活性降低等。根據研究顯示，老年人若血液中維生素D濃度較低，其於臨床上往往有低肌肉質量、低肌肉強度和較差的身體功能表現等症狀，而且有極高風險會進而發展成肌少症。維生素D的補充，則有助於改善老年人肌肉質量和下肢功能。 In the elderly, common causes of vitamin D deficiency include insufficient sunshine, insufficient intake, insufficient intestinal absorption, and reduced renal vitamin D hydroxylase activity. According to research, if the concentration of vitamin D in the blood of the elderly is low, they often have clinical symptoms such as low muscle mass, low muscle strength and poor physical performance, and have a very high risk of developing sarcopenia. Vitamin D supplementation can help improve muscle mass and lower limb function in the elderly.
為證明於本發明之供改善肌少症之營養組合物的技術效果，茲進行一實驗。於實驗中，一日早晚兩次投與本發明之營養組合物，並於投與前和一個月後分別以雙能量X光吸光式測定儀(dual energy x-ray absorptiometry，簡稱DXA)檢測四肢肌肉量之身體組成分析，進行握力測量，並做血液檢測(包括CBC/DC、GPT/GOT、BUN/Cr、TG、TC/LDL-C、空腹血糖、CPK、白蛋白等項目)。 In order to prove the technical effect of the nutritional composition for improving sarcopenia of the present invention, an experiment was conducted. In the experiment, the nutritional composition of the present invention was administered twice a day, morning and evening, and a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry instrument was used before and one month after the administration. absorptiometry (DXA for short) to detect body composition analysis of limb muscle mass, grip strength measurement, and blood tests (including CBC/DC, GPT/GOT, BUN/Cr, TG, TC/LDL-C, fasting blood glucose, CPK, white blood test) protein, etc.).
相關實驗結果請參見圖1和圖2，其中圖1係顯示本發明之營養組合物投與前後於四肢肌肉質量上之差異，而圖2則係顯示本發明之營養組合物投與前後於握力上之差異。如圖所示，在投與本發明之營養組合物之前後，無論於四肢肌肉質量上，或是於握力上，皆有顯著之提升(前者提升10.2%，後者提升20.8%)。 Please see Figures 1 and 2 for relevant experimental results. Figure 1 shows the difference in limb muscle mass before and after administration of the nutritional composition of the present invention, while Figure 2 shows the difference in grip strength before and after administration of the nutritional composition of the present invention. The difference above. As shown in the figure, before and after administration of the nutritional composition of the present invention, both limb muscle mass and grip strength were significantly improved (the former increased by 10.2% and the latter by 20.8%).
綜上所述，依上文所揭示之內容，本發明確可達到預期目的，提供一種使用白藜蘆醇、中鏈脂肪酸或其述二者之組合作為有效成份之營養組合物及其用途，以改善人體細胞粒線體功能，進而促進細胞能量之運用，使其容易為人體所吸收，直接達成增肌減脂功效，從而改善肌少症之症狀。其極具產業上利用之價值，爰依法提出發明專利申請。 In summary, based on the content disclosed above, the present invention can clearly achieve the intended purpose of providing a nutritional composition using resveratrol, medium-chain fatty acids or a combination of the two as active ingredients and its use. It improves the mitochondrial function of human cells, thereby promoting the use of cell energy, making it easily absorbed by the body, directly achieving the effect of increasing muscle and reducing fat, thereby improving the symptoms of sarcopenia. It is of great value for industrial use, and it is necessary to apply for an invention patent in accordance with the law.
以上所述乃是本發明之具體實施例及所運用之技術手段，根據本文的揭露或教導可衍生推導出許多的變更與修正，仍可視為對本發明之構想所作之等效改變，其所產生之作用仍未超出說明書及圖式所涵蓋之實質精神，均應視為在本發明之技術範疇之內，合先陳明。 The above are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical means used. Many changes and modifications can be derived based on the disclosure or teachings of this article, which can still be regarded as equivalent changes to the concept of the present invention. The resulting The effect does not exceed the essential spirit covered by the description and drawings, and should be regarded as within the technical scope of the present invention and shall be stated in advance.
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