TWI698437B - 製備苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑之方法 - Google Patents
製備苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI698437B TWI698437B TW105123953A TW105123953A TWI698437B TW I698437 B TWI698437 B TW I698437B TW 105123953 A TW105123953 A TW 105123953A TW 105123953 A TW105123953 A TW 105123953A TW I698437 B TWI698437 B TW I698437B
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- formula
- substituted
- compound
- aryl
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 56
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021589 Copper(I) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical group COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KVKFRMCSXWQSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical group CNCCNC KVKFRMCSXWQSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 44
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 14
- KLACMEYLRXQSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6h-benzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N3C4=CC=CC=C4N=C3NC2=C1 KLACMEYLRXQSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical class [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 AYPSHJCKSDNETA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LRMMJHSYRGMTQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-bromophenyl)-1h-benzimidazol-2-amine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2N1 LRMMJHSYRGMTQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical class [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- AOPBDRUWRLBSDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1Br AOPBDRUWRLBSDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 0 CC12N(C(C=CC=C(*)C3)=C3N3)C3=NC1C=C*(*I*)C=C2 Chemical compound CC12N(C(C=CC=C(*)C3)=C3N3)C3=NC1C=C*(*I*)C=C2 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylglycine Chemical compound CN(C)CC(O)=O FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DKFFLIXVFVSRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2,4-dibromophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine Chemical compound BrC1=C(C=CC(=C1)Br)NC1=NC2=C(N1)C=CC=C2 DKFFLIXVFVSRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-chlorosuccinimide Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)CCC1=O JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylformamide Chemical compound CNC=O ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-] QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmpu Chemical compound CN1CCCN(C)C1=O GUVUOGQBMYCBQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBPSFMASWKDGER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6H-benzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound CC=1C=C(C2=C(C=1)N1C(=NC3=C1C=CC=C3)N2)C NBPSFMASWKDGER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LIGACALWDKWIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-6H-benzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound BrC=1C=CC2=C(C=1)N1C(=NC3=C1C=CC=C3)N2 LIGACALWDKWIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XWYGKHRPDDFALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-bromo-4,6-dimethylphenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C)C)NC1=NC2=C(N1)C=CC=C2 XWYGKHRPDDFALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)N(C)C AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DYSRXWYRUJCNFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dibromoaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1Br DYSRXWYRUJCNFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFCLFSZJBVDIJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodo-5-phenylbenzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C2=CC(I)=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VFCLFSZJBVDIJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPRTXUWNCSPJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,9-dibromo-5H-benzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound BrC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N1C(NC3=C1C=C(C=C3)Br)=N2 IPRTXUWNCSPJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTMOGJLPCDYLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylbenzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound c1ccc(cc1)-n1c2ccccc2n2c3ccccc3nc12 RTMOGJLPCDYLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVVZVWKGWGFUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromo-2-chloro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2NC(Cl)=NC2=C1 QVVZVWKGWGFUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGUCUZSCYCSIQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromo-N-(2,4-dibromophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-amine Chemical compound BrC1=CC2=C(NC(=N2)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2)Br)Br)C=C1 QGUCUZSCYCSIQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005725 8-Hydroxyquinoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021590 Copper(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOJXGHGHTWFZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexachloroacetone Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl DOJXGHGHTWFZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZRGKCOWNLSUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodochlorine Chemical compound ICl QZRGKCOWNLSUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000872931 Myoporum sandwicense Species 0.000 description 2
- OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylacetamide Chemical compound CNC(C)=O OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical group [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 108700003601 dimethylglycine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088644 n,n-dimethylacrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940078490 n,n-dimethylglycine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)C=C YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical compound C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KXZCLAMRWCCJMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-azidophenyl)benzimidazole Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=NC1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1 KXZCLAMRWCCJMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMMLSAAZCNEJTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C(=O)C(C)(C)C PMMLSAAZCNEJTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRAJNWYBUCUFBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)CC(=O)C(C)(C)C YRAJNWYBUCUFBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOSJCQJJIHEUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-4,6-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(N)C(Br)=C1 YOSJCQJJIHEUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFTYWSPZKUEWSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-5-phenylbenzimidazolo[1,2-a]benzimidazole Chemical compound C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C2=CC(Br)=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1 FFTYWSPZKUEWSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLTKOBCTHXRWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C)C)N1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)N Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C)C)N1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)N DLTKOBCTHXRWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFXGINKIDTVFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrN1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2)Br)Br Chemical compound BrN1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2)Br)Br JFXGINKIDTVFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKUYMJJXXVZIRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1C=CC=C2N3c4ccccc4NC3NC12 Chemical compound C1C=CC=C2N3c4ccccc4NC3NC12 KKUYMJJXXVZIRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005915 C6-C14 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FQJMMEJXVLGUMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C1)C=Cc2c1c(cccc1)c1[o]2 Chemical compound CC(C1)C=Cc2c1c(cccc1)c1[o]2 FQJMMEJXVLGUMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCKCCIVATOFCKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[n]1c(Nc(cccc2)c2Br)nc2ccccc12 Chemical compound C[n]1c(Nc(cccc2)c2Br)nc2ccccc12 XCKCCIVATOFCKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPFFBOXYKJLJBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ic(cc1)cc([n]2c3nc4c2cccc4)c1[n]3C1=CC=CCC1 Chemical compound Ic(cc1)cc([n]2c3nc4c2cccc4)c1[n]3C1=CC=CCC1 OPFFBOXYKJLJBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQZMLBORDGWNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-iodosuccinimide Chemical compound IN1C(=O)CCC1=O LQZMLBORDGWNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010077895 Sarcosine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RYTLGWCJESCDMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamimidoyl chloride Chemical class NC(Cl)=N RYTLGWCJESCDMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);thiocyanate Chemical compound [Cu+].[S-]C#N PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SBTSVTLGWRLWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) triflate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F SBTSVTLGWRLWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- VRLDVERQJMEPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dbdmh Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Br)C(=O)N(Br)C1=O VRLDVERQJMEPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000037 tert-butyldiphenylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[Si]([H])([*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CPWJKGIJFGMVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K tricesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CPWJKGIJFGMVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000025 triisopropylsilyl group Chemical group C(C)(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於用於製備式(I)之化合物之方法,其可藉由該方法以極佳的產率及純度且以低成本輕易地製造。
Khan,Misbahul Ain;Ribeiro,Vera Lucia Teixeira,Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 43(2000)168-170描述藉由亞磷酸三烷酯誘導之脫氧合及1-(鄰-硝基苯基)-及1-(鄰-疊氮苯基)
苯并咪唑之熱分解合成苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(R為
H、Me、Et)。
Pedro Molina等人Tetrahedron(1994)10029-10036指出衍生自雙(2-胺基苯基)胺之雙(亞胺膦)與兩當量之異氰酸酯之氮雜魏悌希(Wittig)型反應直接提供苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑衍生物。
X.Wang等人Org.Lett.14(2012)452-455揭示用於式
之化合物之高效率銅催化合成,其中式
之化合物係在乙酸銅(Cu(OAc)2)/PPh3/1,10-啡啉/乙
酸鈉及氧氣的存在下於間二甲苯(1atm)中在高溫下反應[在網路上公開:2011年12月29日]。
在Eur.J.Org.Chem. 2014,5986-5997中描述一種苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑之新穎合成法。
WO2012/130709描述用於製備式之化合物之方
法,其包括在H3PO4、聚磷酸、CH3SO3H/P2O5、CH3SO3H或硫酸中加
熱式之化合物。可存在具有高於140℃沸點之溶劑或
溶劑之混合物,諸如(例如)二甲苯或三甲苯。在惰性氣體諸如(例如)氮氣或氬氣氛圍下,在高於140℃,較佳高於160℃,更佳高於180℃
之溫度下,攪拌式之化合物(其製備描述於Achour,
Reddouane;Zniber,Rachid,Bulletin des Societes Chimiques Belges
96(1987)787-92中)30分鐘至3週,較佳1至48h之時間。
Guodong Yuan等人,RSC Adv.,2014,4,21904揭示藉由雙-(鄰-鹵代芳基)碳化二亞胺與第一胺之多米諾(domino)加成/雙環化來銅催化合成苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑。所提出的用於雙-(鄰-鹵代芳基)碳化二亞胺與第一胺之多米諾反應之機制如下所示:
化合物3s(R1=H,R2=F,R3為2-(5-甲基)吡啶基)係以80%產率獲得。
I.V.Koiesnikova等人,Journal of Fluorine Chemistry,40(1988)217-246描述多氟化碳化二亞胺、氯仿脒、胍及苯并咪唑之合成。尤其1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10-八氟-5-五氟苯基-5H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(XIII)之合成:
苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑衍生物及其等於電子裝置中之用途係(例如)描述於WO2011/160757,WO2012/130709,WO2013/068376,WO2014/009317,WO2014/044722及WO2015/014791中。
已開發出用於合成苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑之新穎、簡潔且高效的方法。起始材料容易獲得,應用範圍廣泛且程序方便。
相應地,本發明係關於一種用於製備式(I)之化合物之方法,
其包括:a)在催化劑及鹼的存在下於溶劑中在高溫下加熱式(II)之化合物
,其中
m1為0或1至4之整數,m2為0或1至4之整數;X1為Cl、Br或I,R1及R2彼此獨立地為鹵素原子,可視情況經E取代及/或經D中斷之C1-C25烷基;C1-C25烷氧基,式-(A5)v-(A6)s-(A7)t-(A8)u-R15、-NR10R11或Si(R12)(R13)(R14)之基團,v為0或1,s為0或1,t為0或1,u為0或1,A5、A6、A7及A8彼此獨立地為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24伸芳基或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30伸雜芳基;其中R10及R11彼此獨立地為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視
情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基;R12、R13及R14彼此獨立地為可視情況經E取代及/或經D中斷之C1-C25烷基;可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基;R15為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基;D為-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-O-、-NR65-、-SiR70R71-、-POR72-、-CR63=CR64-或-C≡C-,E為-OR69、-SR69、-NR65R66、-CONR65R66或鹵素,G為E或C1-C18烷基,C6-C24芳基,視情況經F、C1-C18烷基或經O中斷之C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C24芳基;C2-C30雜芳基或經F、C1-C18烷基或經O中斷之C1-C18烷基取代之C2-C30雜芳基;R63及R64彼此獨立地為H,C6-C18芳基;經C1-C18烷基,C1-C18烷氧基取代之C6-C18芳基;C1-C18烷基;或經-O-中斷之C1-C18烷基;R65及R66彼此獨立地為C6-C18芳基;經C1-C18烷基或C1-C18烷氧基取代之C6-C18芳基;C1-C18烷基;或經-O-中斷之C1-C18烷基;或R65及R66一起形成五或六員環,R69為C6-C18芳基;經C1-C18烷基或C1-C18烷氧基取代之C6-C18芳基;C1-C18烷基;或經-O-中斷之C1-C18烷基,R70及R71彼此獨立地為C1-C18烷基,C6-C18芳基或經C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C18芳基,且R72為C1-C18烷基,C6-C18芳基或經C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C18芳基。
R4為式-(A5)v-(A6)s-(A7)t-(A8)u-R15、-Si(R12)(R13)(R14)或-NR10R11之基團,R5具有R4之含義或為H,且R3為式一(A1)o-(A2)p-(A3)q-(A4)r-R16之基團。
式(I)之化合物R1及R2彼此獨立地為鹵素原子,可視情況經E取代及/或經D中斷之C1-C25烷基;C1-C25烷氧基,式-(A5)v-(A6)s-(A7)t-(A8)u-R15、-NR10R11或Si(R12)(R13)(R14)之基團,鹵素為氟、氯、溴及碘。
式Si(R12)(R13)(R14)之基團之實例為三甲基甲矽烷基、三乙基甲矽烷基、第三丁基二甲基甲矽烷基、丙基二甲基甲矽烷基、三異丙基甲矽烷基、三苯基甲矽烷基、苯基二甲基甲矽烷基、第三丁基二苯基甲矽烷基、三甲苯基甲矽烷基、三二甲苯基甲矽烷基或三萘基甲矽烷基。
基團N(R10)(R11)之實例包括二苯基胺基及苯基萘基胺基。
在可行之情況下,C1-C25烷基(C1-C18烷基)通常為直鏈或分支鏈。實例為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、異丁
基、第三丁基、正戊基、2-戊基、3-戊基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1,1,3,3-四甲基戊基、正己基、1-甲基己基、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基己基、正庚基、異庚基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基、1-甲基庚基、3-甲基-庚基、正辛基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基及2-乙基己基、正壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基或十八烷基。C1-C8烷基通常為甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、2-戊基、3-戊基、2,2-二甲基丙基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基及2-乙基己基。
C1-C25烷基可為經一或多個E取代及/或經一或多個D單元中斷。E較佳為-OR69、-SR69、-NR65R65或-CONR65R65,其中R65、R67、R68及R69彼此獨立地為C1-C18烷基,諸如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、己基、辛基或2-乙基己基,或C6-C14芳基,諸如苯基、甲苯基、萘基或聯苯基。D較佳為-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-O-、-NR65-,其中R65為C1-C25烷基或C6-C14芳基,諸如苯基、甲苯基、萘基或聯苯基。
C1-C25烷氧基(C1-C18烷氧基)為直鏈或分支鏈烷氧基,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、正丁氧基、第二丁氧基、第三丁氧基、戊氧基、異戊氧基或第三戊氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、異辛氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基、十一烷氧基、十二烷氧基、十四烷氧基、十五烷氧基、十六烷氧基、十七烷氧基及十八烷氧基。C1-C8烷氧基之實例為甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、正丁氧基、第二丁氧基、異丁氧基、第三丁氧基、正戊氧基、2-戊氧基、3-戊氧基、2,2-二甲基丙氧基、正己氧基、正庚氧基、正辛氧基、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁氧基及2-乙基己氧基。
R31、R32、R33、R34、R36及R37彼此獨立地為H或C1-C25烷基;R35及R38彼此獨立地為可視情況經一或多個C1-C25烷基取代之C6-C10芳基。
基團R15及R16可經G取代。G較佳為C1-C18烷基,諸如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、己基、辛基或2-乙基己基;-CF3,C6-C14芳基,經F或C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C14芳基;C2-C14雜芳基或經F或C1-C18烷基取代之C2-C14雜芳基。
m1及m2較佳為0、1或2,更佳0或1,最佳0。
若m1係不同於0,則R1較佳為C1-C25烷基、C1-C25烷氧基、苄氧基、Br、Cl或F,更佳C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、Br、Cl或F。
若m2係不同於0,則R2較佳為C1-C25烷基、C1-C25烷氧基、苄氧基、Br、Cl或F,更佳C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、Br、Cl或F。
X1較佳為Cl、Br或I,R1較佳為C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、Br、Cl或F,且R2較佳為C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、Br、Cl或F。
催化劑:
催化劑較佳為Cu(0)粉,尤其是Cu(I)鹽或Cu(II)鹽。
較佳Cu(I)鹽係選自CuCl、CuBr、CuI、CuBr-SMe2、CuSCN及CuOTf(三氟甲磺酸銅)。更佳地,Cu(I)催化劑係選自CuCl、CuBr及CuI。
較佳Cu(II)鹽係選自CuBr2、CuCO3、Cu(OAc)2及Cu(OTf)2。
Cu,尤其Cu(I)及Cu(II)催化劑之使用量取決於所選之起始材料及反應條件。較佳地,存在0.01至0.20當量之Cu(I)或Cu(II)催化劑。
可添加配位體用於進行偶合反應。用於烏爾曼(Ullmann)偶合反應之配位體之實例為熟習此項技術者所知曉,且可包括(但不限於)二甲基乙二胺(DMEDA)、四甲基乙二胺(TMED)、2,2'-聯吡啶(DPD)、三苯基膦(TPP)、N,N-二甲基甘胺酸(NDMG)、三-第三丁基膦(tri-tBuP)、N-甲基甘胺酸、2,2,4,4-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮(TMHD)、8-羥基喹啉(HQL)及1,10-啡啉(PNT)。
配位體之存在量應係約等同於Cu催化劑之存在量。
在一特別佳實施例中,催化劑係選自CuI及CuBr2且該催化劑視情況包括配位體,尤其DMEDA。
在最佳實施例中,催化劑係選自CuI及CuBr2且不包括配位體。
鹼:
較佳地,此鹼為無機且更佳地為弱鹼。雖然其不受特定限制,但可使用(例如)鹼金屬碳酸鹽、鹼金屬碳酸氫鹽、鹼金屬磷酸鹽、鹼金屬磷酸氫鹽及鹼金屬磷酸二氫鹽。可例示碳酸鈉、碳酸鋰、碳酸銫及碳酸鉀作為該等鹼金屬碳酸鹽。可例示磷酸鈉、磷酸鉀、磷酸銫及磷酸鋰作為該等鹼金屬磷酸鹽。該等鹼金屬碳酸鹽,尤其K2CO3及Cs2CO3係更佳。當使用極性非質子溶劑時,碳酸鉀係較佳。若使用較低極性有機溶劑時,碳酸銫係較佳。
鹼的含量較佳為1.0至2.0莫耳當量,更佳1.0至1.5當量。
溶劑:
較佳地,烏爾曼偶合係於在鹼性條件下穩定之合適極性溶劑或合適極性溶劑的混合物中進行。合適極性溶劑包括(但不限於)醚及非質子溶劑。合適醚溶劑包括:1,2-二甲氧基乙烷(DME)、1,2-二乙氧基乙烷(DEE)、四氫呋喃、1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁烷、呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二乙醚、三乙二醇二甲醚或第三丁基甲基醚。合適非質子溶劑可包括(作為實例但不限於)四氫呋喃(THF)、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、二甲基乙醯胺(DMAC)、1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氫-2(1H)-嘧啶酮(DMPU)、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啶酮(DMI)、N-甲基吡咯啶酮(NMP)、N-甲基乙醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMA)、N-甲基甲醯胺、二甲基亞碸、丙腈、甲酸乙酯、六氯丙酮、環丁碸、N,N-二甲基丙醯胺、四甲基脲、硝基甲烷、硝基苯或六甲基磷醯胺。
最佳溶劑係與水可混溶之溶劑,諸如(例如)二甲氧基甲烷(DME)、二乙氧基乙烷(DEE)、1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁烷、N-甲基吡咯啶酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMA)、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)及此等溶劑之混合物。
烏爾曼偶合係熱促進反應。因此,較佳地在加熱下運行該偶合反應。較佳地,在100℃至該溶劑之回流溫度下進行接觸且反應運行4至24小時。
較佳地在加熱下進行化合物(III)與(IV)之偶合反應。較佳地,在100℃至該溶劑之回流溫度下進行接觸且反應運行4至24小時。
酸:
酸包括無機酸,諸如(例如)鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸及磷酸,較佳鹽酸及硫酸;及有機酸,諸如(例如)甲磺酸、樟腦磺酸、對甲苯磺酸,較佳甲磺酸、樟腦磺酸、對甲苯磺酸。
酸的含量較佳為1.0至2.0莫耳當量,更佳1.0至1.5當量。
溶劑:
原則上,步驟a)可在合適芳族溶劑諸如(例如)甲苯及二甲苯中進行。較佳地,步驟a)係在對酸穩定之合適極性溶劑或合適極性溶劑之混合物中進行。合適極性溶劑包括(但不限於)非質子溶劑。合適非質子溶劑可包括(作為實例但不限於)四氫呋喃(THF)、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、二甲基乙醯胺(DMAC)、1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氫-2(1H)-嘧啶酮(DMPU)、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啶酮(DMI)、N-甲基吡咯啶酮(NMP)、N-甲基乙醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMA)、N-甲基甲醯胺、二甲基亞碸、丙腈、甲酸乙酯、六氯丙酮、環丁碸、N,N-二甲基丙醯胺、四甲基脲、硝基甲烷、硝基苯或六甲基磷醯胺。
最佳溶劑係與水可混溶之溶劑,諸如(例如)二甲氧基甲烷(DME)、二乙氧基乙烷(DEE)、1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁烷、N-甲基吡咯啶酮(NMP)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMA)、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)及此等
溶劑之混合物。
式(IV)之化合物係市售,或可根據熟習此項技術者已知之方法製備。
式(III)之化合物係市售,或可根據熟習此項技術者已知之方法製備。
本發明之方法在基於6H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑之合成之基
礎上更詳細地進行闡釋,但不限於此。
Cu催化劑較佳為CuI或CuBr2。
溶劑較佳為1,4-二噁烷、DMF、DMA、NMP或此等溶劑之混合物。最佳為DMF、DMA或NMP。較佳地,存在0.01至0.20當量之Cu(I)或Cu(II)催化劑。
鹼較佳為K2CO3或CsCO3。鹼的含量較佳為1.0至2.0莫耳當量,更佳1.0至1.5當量。
溶劑較佳為與水可混溶之溶劑,諸如(例如)1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁烷、NMP、DMA、DMF及此等溶劑之混合物。
較佳地,在100℃至該溶劑之回流溫度下進行烏爾曼偶合且反應運行4至24小時。
當烏爾曼偶合係在約130℃之溫度下在催化量之CuI或CuBr2及過量之碳酸銫的存在下於DMF中進行時,獲得目前最佳結果。在此等條件下,環化係在4h內完成,定量進行且藉由添加水在沉澱之後得到合理純度之物質(HPLC約95面積%)。
該粗產物之純度可藉由在DMF、DMA或NMP中再結晶自約95%提高至約97.7%。
該粗反應產物含有顯著量之Cu鹽。該Cu鹽之含量藉由Cu催化劑(CuBr2)之含量自5減少至2.0或甚至1.0當量可減少1/2。
當該粗反應產物係在沸騰乙酸中再結晶時,該銅含量可進一步減少至低於500ppm之含量且產物之純度可提高至99%以上。
所需之前驅體(N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺)可藉由2-氯苯并咪唑與2-溴苯胺反應而獲得。
藉由2-氯苯并咪唑與鄰溴苯胺在化學計量量之甲磺酸的存在下在約100℃之溫度下於NMP中反應獲得目前最佳結果。於6h後實現完全轉化。經水稀釋及經氫氧化鈉水溶液中和後,藉由在室溫下過濾單離沉澱之反應產物。
式(I)之苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑衍生物可用於電子裝置中及/或係合成可用於電子裝置之材料的起始材料及/或中間體。可參考(例如)WO2011/160757、WO2012/130709(化合物A-1至A-32,B-1至B-35,C-1至C-78,F-1至F-62,G-1至G-62)、WO2013/068376(化合物A-1至A-18,B-1至B-18,C-1至C-18,D-1至D-19,E-1至E-6)、WO2014/009317(化合物A-1至A-51)及WO2014/044722(A-1至A-65,B-1至B-8,C-1至C-65,D-1至D-8,E-1至E-65或F-1至F-65)及WO2015/014791。
相應地,本發明之方法可進一步包括使下式c1)
其中X3為Cl、Br或I,R3為式--(A1)o-(A2)p-(A3)q-(A4)r-R16之基團,
o為0或1,p為0或1,q為0或1,r為0或1,
A1、A2、A3及A4彼此獨立地為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24伸芳基或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30伸雜芳基;
R16為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基;且
R1、R2及G係如上所定義。
可類似於(例如)J.Mater.Chem.18(2008)1296-1301中所描述之咔唑之溴化進行5-苯基苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑之溴化。
其他溴化方法係(例如)描述於Helvetica Chimica Acta 89(2006)1123及SYNLETT 17(2006)2841-2845中。
用於選擇性鹵化式(I)之苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑的鹵化劑係可得的。實例為N-氯代琥珀醯亞胺(NCS)(Synlett 18(2005)2837-2842);Br2(Synthesis 10(2005)1619-1624)、N-溴代琥珀醯亞胺(NBS)(Organic Letters 12(2010)2194-2197;Synlett(2006)2841-2845)、1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙內醯脲(DBH)(Organic Process Research
& Development 10(2006)822-828,US2002/0151456)、CuBr2(Synthetic Communications 37(2007)1381-1388);R4NBr3(Can.J.Chem.67(1989)2062)、N-碘代琥珀醯亞胺(NIS)(Synthesis 12(2001)1794-1799,J.Heterocyclic Chem.39(2002)933)、KI/KIO3(Org.Lett.9(2007)797,Macromolecu1es 44(2011)1405-1413)、NaIO4/I2/H2SO4或NaIO4/KI/H2SO4(J.Heterocyclic Chem.38(2001)77;J.Org.Chem.75(2010)2578-2588);一氯化碘(ICl;Synthesis(2008)221-224)。其他方法係描述於J.Org.Chem.74(2009)3341-3349;J.Org.Chem.71(2006)7422-7432,Eur.J.Org.Chem.(2008)1065-1071,Chem.Asian J.5(2010)2162-2167,Synthetic.Commun.28(1998)3225中。
其中X3為Br或I且X4為H、Br或I且R3係如上所定義。
其中R3為如上所定義,R4為式-(A5)v-(A6)s-(A7)t-(A8)u-R15、-Si(R12)(R13)(R14)或-NR10R11之基團,R5具有R4之含義或為H,v、s、t、u、A5、A6、A7、A8、R10、R11、R12、R13及R14為如上所定義;
R15為下式之基團:、、
R31、R32、R33、R34、R36及R37彼此獨立地為H或C1-C25烷基;R35及R38彼此獨立地為可視情況經一或多個C1-C25烷基取代之C6-C10芳基。
2-碘-5-苯基-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑可與咔唑反應得到化合物(A-24)。可參考WO2014/009317之實例4b)。
包括以下實例僅出於例示說明之目的,而非限制申請專利範圍之範疇。除非另有說明,否則所有份數及百分比係以重量計。
實例
實例1
a)N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺之合成
在20℃下,將2-氯苯并咪唑(325.0g,2.13mol)及2-溴苯胺(403.1,2.34mol)溶於NMP(1065mL)中。歷時約0.5h逐滴添加甲磺酸(225.2g,2.34mL)。將所得懸浮液加熱至100℃並攪拌直至2-氯苯并咪唑完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃,用水(650mL)稀釋並用30重量%氫氧化鈉水溶液(596.4g,4.47mol)中和。藉由過濾單
離沉澱之反應產物,用水清洗並在90℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(558.6g,91%),其無需純化即可用於閉環步驟中。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=6.93(dt,J=1.1,7.9Hz,1H),6.99-7.06(m,2H),7.34-7.44(m,3H),7.63(dd,J=1.4,8.0Hz,1H),8.48(brs,1H),8.68(dd,J=0.6,8.1Hz,1H),11.19(brs,1H)ppm。
b)6H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(I-2)之合成
將N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(350.0g,1.21mol)、碳酸銫(593.6g,1.82mol)及溴化銅(II)(5.43g,0.024mol)懸浮於DMF(1225mL)中。將所得懸浮液加熱至130℃並攪拌直至N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃並用水稀釋。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水徹底清洗並在100℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之6H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(243.4g,97%)。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=7.23(dt,J=0.8,7.6Hz,2H)7.30(dt,J=0.8,7.6Hz,2H),7.50(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),8.09(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),12.03(brs,1H)ppm。 13 C-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=111.2,115.0,120.3,123.3,126.6,141.6,153.8ppm。
實例2
a)N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺之合成
在20℃下,將2-氯苯并咪唑(325.0g,2.13mol)及2-溴苯胺(403.1g,2.34mol)溶於NMP(1065mL)中。歷時約0.5h逐滴添加甲磺酸(225.2g,2.34mL)。將所得懸浮液加熱至100℃並攪拌直至2-氯苯并咪唑完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃,用水(650mL)稀釋並用30重量%氫氧化鈉水溶液(596.4g,4.47mol)中和。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水清洗並在90℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(558.6g,91%),其無需純化即可用於閉環步驟中。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=6.93(dt,J=1.1,7.9Hz,1H),6.99-7.06(m,2H),7.34-7.44(m,3H),7.63(dd,J=1.4,8.0Hz,1H),8.48(brs,1H),8.68(dd,J=0.6,8.1Hz,1H),11.19(brs,1H)ppm。
b)6H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(I-2)之合成
將N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(350.0g,1.21mol)、碳酸銫(593.6g,1.82mol)及溴化銅(II)(5.43g,0.024mol)懸浮於DMF(1225mL)中。將所得懸浮液加熱至130℃並攪拌直至N-(2-溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃並用水稀釋。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水徹底清洗並在100℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之6H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(243.4g,97%),其藉由自乙酸再結晶進一步純化。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=7.23(dt,J=0.8,7.6Hz,2H),7.30(dt,J=0.8,7.6Hz,2H),7.50(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),8.09(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),
12.03(brs,1H)ppm。 13 C-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=111.2,115.0,120.3,123.3,126.6,141.6,153.8ppm。
實例3
a)N-(2-溴-4,6-二甲基-苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺之合成
在20℃下,將2-氯苯并咪唑(6.9g,45.4mmol)及2-溴-4,6-二甲基苯胺(10.0g,50.0mmol)溶於NMP(23mL)中。歷時約0.5h逐滴添加甲磺酸(4.8g,50.0mmol)。將所得懸浮液加熱至100℃並攪拌直至2-氯苯并咪唑完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃,用水(14mL)稀釋並用30重量%氫氧化鈉水溶液(12.7g,95.3mmol)中和。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水清洗並在90℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白.色非晶型固體之粗製N-(2-溴-4,6-二甲基-苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(10.3g,72%),其藉由自甲醇再結晶進一步純化。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=2.21(s,3H),2.31(s,3H),6.83-6.95(m,2H),7.06-7.18(m,3H),7.39(brs,1H),8.58(brs,1H),10.75(brs,1H)ppm。
b)2,4-二甲基-5H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(I-1)之合成
將N-(2-溴-4,6-二甲基-苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(5.8g,18.2mmol)、碳酸銫(8.9g,27.3mmol)及溴化銅(II)(81.2mg,0.36mmol)懸浮於DMF(18mL)中。將所得懸浮液加熱至130℃並攪拌直至N-(2-
溴-4,6-二甲基-苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃並用水稀釋。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水徹底清洗並在100℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之粗製2,4-二甲基-5H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(3.9g,91%),其藉由自乙酸再結晶進一步純化。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=2.46(s,3H),2.48(s,3H),6.95(brs,1H),7.20(dt,J=1.0,7.7Hz,1H),7.27(dt,J=1.0,7.6Hz,1H),7.51(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.74(brs,1H),8.04(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),11.85(brs,1H)ppm。 13 C-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=17.0,21.5,109.0,111.0,115.6,119.9,123.1,123.4,125.3,126.0,127.0,129.8,136.9(brs),143.3(brs),153.7ppm。於正ESI-MS中在m/z 236[M+H]+下識別之分子離子允許推演其分子量為235g mol-1。
實例4
a)N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺之合成
在20℃下,將2-氯苯并咪唑(13.9g,90.8mmol)及2,4-二溴苯胺(25.1g,99.9mmol)溶於NMP(45mL)中。歷時約0.5h逐滴添加甲磺酸(9.6g,99.9mmol)。將所得懸浮液加熱至100℃並攪拌直至2-氯苯并咪唑完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃,用水(28mL)稀釋並用30重量%氫氧化鈉水溶液(25.4g,190.5mmol)中和。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水清洗並在90℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之粗製N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(33.6g,100%),其藉由自甲醇再結晶進一步純化。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=6.99-7.11(m,2H),7.34-7.44(m,2H),7.61(dd,J=2.3,8.9Hz,1H),7.84(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),8.69(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),8.69(brs,1H),11.16(brs,1H)ppm。
b)2-溴-5H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(I-3)之合成
將碳酸銫(13.3g,40.9mmol)及溴化銅(II)(121.7mg,0.54mmol)含於DMF(48mL)中之懸浮液加熱至130℃。歷時約2h逐滴添加N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(10.0g,27.2mmol)含於DMF(20mL)中之溶液。在N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺完全轉化後,將反應混合物冷卻至20℃並用水稀釋。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水徹底清洗並在100℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之粗製2-溴-5H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(7.9g,100%),其藉由自DMF再結晶進一步純化。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=7.26(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.33(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.38-7.60(m,3H),8.22(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),8.41(brs,1H),12.18(brs,1H)ppm。 13 C-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=111.6,111.8,113.7,114.0,117.8,120.0,120.9,123.9,125.8,128.2,138.7(brs),143.6(brs),154.1ppm。於正ESI-MS中在m/z 286[M+H]+及m/z 288[M+H]+下識別之分子離子允許推演其分子量為286g mol-1。
實例5
a)5-溴-N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺之合成
在20℃下,將5-溴-2-氯-1H-苯并咪唑(10.0g,43.2mmol)及2,4-二溴苯胺(11.9g,47.5mmol)溶於NMP(22mL)中。歷時約0.5h逐滴添加甲磺酸(4.6g,47.5mmol)。將所得懸浮液加熱至100℃並攪拌直至5-溴-2-氯-1H-苯并咪唑完全轉化。隨後將反應混合物冷卻至20℃,用水(13mL)稀釋並用30重量%氫氧化鈉水溶液(12.1g,90.8mmol)中和。用乙酸乙酯(150mL)稀釋該混合物並分離水相。用水(3×50mL)萃取有機相,經無水硫酸鈉乾燥並蒸發至乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體之粗製5-溴-N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(23.5g),其藉由自甲醇再結晶進一步純化。
1 H-NMR(DMSO-d6):δ=7.17(dd,J=1.9,8.4Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.58(brs,1H),7.61(dd,J=2.3,8.9Hz,1H),7.86(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),8.60(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.76(brs,1H),11.31(brs,1H)ppm。
b)2,9-及3,9-二溴-6H-苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]苯并咪唑(I-6)及(I-7)之合成
將碳酸銫(11.2g,34.5mmol)及溴化銅(II)(102.7mg,0.46mmol)含於DMF(39mL)中之懸浮液加熱至130℃。歷時約1h逐滴添加5-溴-N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺(10.3g,23.0mmol)含於DMF(18
mL)中之溶液。在5-溴-N-(2,4-二溴苯基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-胺完全轉化後,將反應混合物冷卻至20℃並用水稀釋。藉由過濾單離沉澱之反應產物,用水徹底清洗並在100℃真空下乾燥。獲得呈灰白色非晶型固體(異構體之混合物)之粗反應產物(4.5g,53%),其藉由自乙酸再結晶進一步純化。
於正ESI-MS中在m/z 364[M+H]+、m/z 366[M+H]+及m/z 368[M+H]+下識別之分子離子允許推演其分子量為365g mol-1。
Claims (14)
- 一種用於製備下式之化合物之方法,
其包括:a)在催化劑及鹼的存在下於溶劑中在高溫下加熱式(II)之化合物,其中m1為0或1至4之整數,m2為0或1至4之整數,X1為Cl、Br或I,R1及R2彼此獨立地為鹵素原子,可視情況經E取代及/或經D中斷之C1-C25烷基;C1-C25烷氧基,式-(A5)v-(A6)s-(A7)t-(A8)u-R15、-NR10R11或Si(R12)(R13)(R14)之基團,v為0或1,s為0或1,t為0或1,u為0或1,A5、A6、A7及A8彼此獨立地為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24伸芳基或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30伸雜芳基;其中R10及R11彼此獨立地為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基; R12、R13及R14彼此獨立地為可視情況經E取代及/或經D中斷之C1-C25烷基;可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基;R15為可視情況經G取代之C6-C24芳基;或可視情況經G取代之C2-C30雜芳基;D為-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-O-、-NR65-、-SiR70R71-、-POR72-、-CR63=CR64-或-C≡C-,E為-OR69、-SR69、-NR65R66、-CONR65R66或鹵素,G為E或C1-C18烷基,C6-C24芳基,視情況經F、C1-C18烷基或經O中斷之C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C24芳基;C2-C30雜芳基或經F、C1-C18烷基或經O中斷之C1-C18烷基取代之C2-C30雜芳基;R63及R64彼此獨立地為H,C6-C18芳基;經C1-C18烷基、C1-C18烷氧基取代之C6-C18芳基;C1-C18烷基;或經-O-中斷之C1-C18烷基;R65及R66彼此獨立地為C6-C18芳基;經C1-C18烷基或C1-C18烷氧基取代之C6-C18芳基;C1-C18烷基;或經-O-中斷之C1-C18烷基;或R65及R66一起形成五或六員環,R69為C6-C18芳基;經C1-C18烷基或C1-C18烷氧基取代之C6-C18芳基;C1-C18烷基;或經-O-中斷之C1-C18烷基,R70及R71彼此獨立地為C1-C18烷基,C6-C18芳基或經C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C18芳基,且R72為C1-C18烷基,C6-C18芳基或經C1-C18烷基取代之C6-C18芳基。 - 如請求項1之方法,其中該催化劑係選自CuI及CuBr2且該催化劑視情況包括配位體。
- 如請求項2之方法,其中該配位體係二甲基乙二胺。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該鹼係選自Cs2CO3及K2CO3。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該溶劑係選自二甲氧基甲烷、二乙氧基乙烷、1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁烷、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基甲醯胺及此等溶劑之混合物。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中X2為Cl。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中該酸係選自甲磺酸、樟腦磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、鹽酸及硫酸。
- 如請求項6至8中任一項之方法,其中該溶劑係選自二甲氧基甲烷、二乙氧基乙烷、1,3-二噁烷、1,4-二噁烷、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基甲醯胺及此等溶劑之混合物。
- 如請求項1至3及6至8中任一項之方法,其中m1及m2為0。
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| SG11202107080VA (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2021-07-29 | Naegis Pharmaceuticals Inc | Leukotriene synthesis inhibitors |
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| WO2012130709A1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-04 | Basf Se | 4h-imidazo[1,2-a]imidazoles for electronic applications |
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| DE102010024542A1 (de) | 2010-06-22 | 2011-12-22 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Materialien für elektronische Vorrichtungen |
| CN103917542B (zh) | 2011-11-10 | 2018-03-27 | Udc 爱尔兰有限责任公司 | 用于电子应用的4H‑咪唑并[1,2‑a]咪唑 |
| US9620724B2 (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2017-04-11 | Udc Ireland Limited | Benzimidazo[1,2-A]benzimidazole derivatives for electronic applications |
| EP2897959B1 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2017-12-20 | UDC Ireland Limited | Azadibenzofurans for electronic applications |
| WO2015014791A1 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-05 | Basf Se | Benzimidazolo[2,1-b][1,3]benzothiazoles for electronic applications |
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| WO2012130709A1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-04 | Basf Se | 4h-imidazo[1,2-a]imidazoles for electronic applications |
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| Kolesnikova et al., "Reactions of N-polyfluorophenylcarbonimidoyl dichlorides with primary and secondary amines. Kinetics and mechanism. Synthesis of polyfluorinated carbodiimides, chloroformamidines, guamidines and benzimidazoles", Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 1988, 40(2-3), pp 217-246. * |
| Yuan et al., "An efficient and facile synthesis of benzimidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazoles via copper-catalyzed domino addition/double cyclization", RSC Advances, 2014, 4, pp 21904-21908. * |
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| TW201718588A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
| EP3328860A1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
| US20180170936A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| EP3328860B2 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
| US10570136B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
| WO2017017096A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
| EP3328860B1 (en) | 2020-03-04 |
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