TWI430753B - Mcc/水膠體穩定劑及含其之可食的組成物 - Google Patents
Mcc/水膠體穩定劑及含其之可食的組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI430753B TWI430753B TW094110779A TW94110779A TWI430753B TW I430753 B TWI430753 B TW I430753B TW 094110779 A TW094110779 A TW 094110779A TW 94110779 A TW94110779 A TW 94110779A TW I430753 B TWI430753 B TW I430753B
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- Prior art keywords
- pectin
- mcc
- food product
- stabilizer
- composition
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Classifications
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
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- A23L29/262—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D13/00—Finished or partly finished bakery products
- A21D13/30—Filled, to be filled or stuffed products
- A21D13/38—Filled, to be filled or stuffed products characterised by the filling composition
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/02—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding inorganic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
- A21D2/18—Carbohydrates
- A21D2/183—Natural gums
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
- A21D2/18—Carbohydrates
- A21D2/188—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/24—Organic nitrogen compounds
- A21D2/26—Proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/154—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives containing thickening substances, eggs or cereal preparations; Milk gels
- A23C9/1542—Acidified milk products containing thickening agents or acidified milk gels, e.g. acidified by fruit juices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/42—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the carbohydrates used, e.g. polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G9/34—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by carbohydrates used, e.g. polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
- A23L29/231—Pectin; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Description
[0001]本申請案主張於2004年4月5日申請之美國臨時申請案第60/559,478號及於2004年11月30日申請之美國臨時申請案第60/631,807之優先權,彼等之揭示全部併入本文作為參考。
[0002]本發明通常係有關包含共-加工之MCC和水膠體之穩定劑,及有關包含彼等之可食的組成物。於一方面,本發明係有關一種可食的組成物,其包含一種由MCC和一種水膠體所製備之穩定劑,以及一種蛋白質來源及/或果汁。較佳之組成物為那些為穩定的、具有相當低-pH及/或包含共-加工之MCC及水膠體。本發明之代表性之穩定的組成物包括低-pH飲料,其包含MCC穩定劑、一種蛋白質來源及/或一種果汁或蔬菜汁或其他水果風味之液體,選擇性帶有其他HM果膠及酸化劑、甜味劑、緩衝劑、pH修飾劑、或穩定性鹽類。於某些具體例中,所使用之MCC/水膠體組成物為一種MCC和HM果膠以40/60至60/40比例之共-噴霧乾燥之混合物,並以所添加之無機鹽作為加工助劑。
[0003]本發明包含由共-加工之MCC和水膠體所製備之穩定劑,及彼等用於穩定之可食的低-pH組成物之用途,該組成物包含穩定劑、一種蛋白質來源及/或一種果汁,及選擇性之酸化劑、甜味劑、緩衝劑、pH修飾劑、或穩定性鹽類。熟悉此項技藝者將瞭解到,亦可添加任何其他成分,例如其他之香料、著色劑、保存劑、pH緩衝劑、營養補充劑、加工助劑等。雖然穩定劑、蛋白質及果汁之組成物已先於本文描述,惟應瞭僅以蛋白質或僅以果汁組合穩定劑之飲料亦為理想的且完全在本發明之精神內。尤其,包含固體(諸如果肉)及純果汁之果汁容易藉添加如本文所述之共-加工之MCC/果膠穩定劑予以穩定。於此等僅具有果汁或僅有蛋白質之摻合物中,應瞭解穩定劑之組成及用於飲料摻合物中之穩定劑之用量可能需要調整以據此維持期望之穩定結果。此種組成物之例行調整完全在具有此項技藝者之能力範圍內,且在本發明之範疇與目的之內。
[0004]通用於本發明中之穩定劑及彼等之製法被詳細描述於WO 03/096976中,其之內容併入本文作為參考。尤其,穩定劑為一種膠體微晶纖維素(MCC)/水膠體組成物,其中水膠體具有鏈結之異向分佈,且最後與MCC混合並緊密結合。共-加工之MCC/水膠體穩定劑較佳用於本發明中,因為彼等具有低黏度,良好之口感及經時之穩定性。此種穩定劑可用於包含蛋白質及/或水果汁或蔬菜汁之可食的食品中,亦可用於各種其他產品或應用中。可使用本文所述之MCC/水膠體穩定劑之其他產品及應用包括(但不限於)乾燥混合產品(即食調味醬、鹵汁、湯汁、即食可可飲品等)、低-pH乳品系(酸乳/優酪、優酪乳、穩定化之冷凍優酪等)、烘烤食品、作為一種於非水性食品系中及於低水分食品系中之增積劑、作為可咀嚼錠劑之賦形劑、作為味道掩飾藥物活性物(諸如APAP、阿斯匹靈、普洛芬(ibuprofen)等)、作為懸浮劑、作為醫藥用途之控制釋放劑、作為食品、醫藥及農業用途中之香料及營養成分食品之遞送系統、作為於醫藥劑型(諸如錠劑、膜劑及懸浮液)中之直接壓縮持續釋放劑、作為於個人照護應用中之泡沫體、乳霜、及乳液之增稠劑、作為懸浮劑,供與陶瓷、著色劑、化妝品及口腔照護中,及於工業應用(諸如陶瓷)中之顏料及填料一起使用,作為農藥(包括殺蟲劑)之遞送系統及用於其他農業產品中。
[0005]任何之當與MCC組合使用以產生膠體MCC時,相較於單獨之膠體MCC,將賦與增加之表面電荷之水膠體可被用於本發明所使用之穩定劑中。此種水膠體包括(但不限於)海藻多醣,諸如鹿角菜膠、瓊脂、帚叉藻聚糖膠、藻酸鹽、及藻酸鹽衍生物(諸如丙二醇藻酸鹽(PGA)及藻酸鹽之單價鹽,諸如鉀及鈉鹽)、植物膠(包括半乳甘露糖,諸如瓜耳膠、刺槐豆膠及刺雲實膠、羧甲基瓜耳膠、羧甲基刺槐豆膠;葡萄甘露糖,諸如蒟蒻、羅旺子)、多糖、果膠(包括高及低甲氧基果膠及乙醯化果膠,諸如甜菜果膠、刺梧桐膠、阿拉伯樹膠、黃耆膠)、澱粉、細菌性多醣(諸如黃原膠及茁霉多糖(pullulan)、結冷膠(gellan)及偉冷膠(wellan))、纖維素膠、烷基纖維素醚(包括甲基纖維素、羥基丙基甲基纖維素、羥基乙基纖維素、羥基甲基纖維素及羥基丙基纖維素)及其之混合物。鹿角菜膠可包括μ、κ、κ-2、v、1、λ、θ及其之混合物。於本發明之一具體例中,水膠體為果膠或PGA。
[0006]任何之微晶纖維素可用於本發明之組成物中。適合之原料包括例如木漿(諸如漂白之亞硫酸鹽及硫酸鹽木漿)、玉米穀皮、甘蔗渣、稻草、棉花、棉短絨、亞麻、動物毛、苧麻纖維、發酵纖維素等。於本發明之一具體例中,所使用之MCC為一種經美國食品暨藥物管理局核准供人類使用者。
[0007]在製備MCC/水膠體穩定劑時可能需要使用加工劑。於一具體例中,例如於MCC/果膠或MCC/PGA穩定劑中,使用防滑劑或非潤滑物質,其與水膠體組合一起作用。防滑劑可為例如一種不溶於水之有機或無機鹽。適合之鹽類包括(但不限於)氯化鈉、氯化鉀、氯化鈣、乳酸鈣、酒石酸鈣、檸檬酸鈣、蘋果酸鈣、單磷酸鈣及氯化鎂。其他適合用於本發明之可能之加工劑包括例如pH修飾劑(諸如例如氫氧化銨)或緩衝劑(諸如碳酸鉀等)。所使用之加工劑之用量視所使用之水膠體與穩定劑之組成而定。於一具體例中,鹽之用量以重量計為約0.5%至約5%。於另一具體例中,鹽之用量以最終乾燥成分組成物之重量計為介於約2及約4%之間。於某些具體例中,pH修飾劑或緩衝劑係於穩定劑之製造期間,在剪切步驟之後但於乾燥步驟之前被添加。
[0008]MCC/水膠體穩定劑之組成可在廣範圍內變動,為的是要賦與形成之可食的組成物或其他應用有理想的結果。於一具體例中,MCC對水膠體之比例為在約30/70至約90/10重量份之範圍。於另一具體例中,比例為約35/65、約40/60、約45/55、約50/50、約55/45、約60/40、約65/35、約69/31、約70/30、或約85/15。
[0009]用於本發明之適合之汁液包括果汁(包括但不限於檸檬汁、酸橙汁及橘子汁,包括變化物,諸如檸檬汽水、萊姆汁、或橘子汽水、白及紅葡萄汁、葡萄柚汁、蘋果汁、梨汁、蔓越橘汁、藍莓汁、懸鉤子汁、櫻桃汁、鳳梨汁、石榴汁、芒果汁、杏汁、或花蜜、草莓汁、奇異果汁及納瑞迦達(naranjadas)及蔬菜汁(包括但不限於蕃茄汁、紅蘿蔔汁、芹菜汁、甜菜汁、香菜汁、菠菜汁及萵苣汁)。汁液可為任何形式,包括液體、固體或半固體形式,諸如凝膠或其他濃縮物、冰塊或雪糕或粉末,且亦可包含懸浮之固體。於另一具體例中,水果風味或其他甜味物質,包括天然香味、人工香味或那些具有他種天然香料者(“WONF”),可用來取代果汁。此等水果風味之物質亦可為液體、固體或半固體,諸粉末、凝膠或其他濃縮物、冰塊或雪糕,且亦可包含懸浮之固體。
[0010]適合用於本發明之蛋白質包括食物蛋白質及胺基酸,其有益於哺乳動物、鳥類、爬行動物、魚及其他生物有機體。食物蛋白質包括動物或植物蛋白質及其之部分或衍生物。動物衍生之蛋白質包括奶及奶衍生產品,諸如高脂鮮奶油、低脂鮮奶油、全奶、低脂奶、脫脂奶、強化奶(包括蛋白質強化奶)、加工奶及奶製品(包括超加熱的及/或冷凝的、加糖的或不加糖的乳液或全奶、乾燥奶粉(包括全奶粉及無脂乾燥奶(NFDM)、酪蛋白與酪蛋白酸、乳清與乳清衍生之產品(諸如乳清濃縮物)、去乳糖乳清、去礦物質乳清、乳清蛋白分離物。蛋及蛋衍生之蛋白質亦可使用。植物衍生之蛋白質包括堅果及堅果衍生之蛋白質、高粱、豆科及豆科植物衍生之蛋白質,諸如大豆及大豆衍生之產品(諸如未處理之新鮮大豆、液體大豆、大豆濃縮物、大豆分離物、大豆粉)及米蛋白質及其之所有形式與部分。食物蛋白質可以可用的之形成來使用,包括液體、經濃縮的或磨粉的。惟當使用一種粉末蛋白質來源時,理想的是在與MCC/水膠體穩定劑及果汁摻合之前先使蛋白質來源水合,用以增加形成之飲料之穩定性。當蛋白質被添加與果汁或蔬菜汁結合時,所使用之量將視期望之最終結果而定。蛋白質之典型範圍每8盎斯形成之穩定的可食的組成物之份量佔約1至約20克,但可更高些,視應用而定。
[0011]視本文所述之可食的組成物中所使用之較佳應用及成分而定,亦可使用附加之水膠體作為輔助穩定劑。此種附加之水膠體可包括(但不限於)果膠(包括高甲氧基(“HM”)及低甲氧基果膠及乙醯化果膠,諸如甜菜果膠),高取代度(“高DS”)羧甲基纖維素(“CMC”)、黃原膠、阿拉伯膠、結冷膠、PGA、鹿角菜膠、黃耆膠、澱粉、半乳甘露糖(諸如瓜耳膠、刺槐豆膠、刺雲實膠、桂皮膠及其之混合物。
[0012]此種附加之水膠體可以各種方式來使用。於某些具體例中,附加之水膠體在本文所述之MCC//水膠體穩定劑之製造期間可被添加至乾燥摻合物或至料漿中。例如,水膠體可在噴霧乾燥前被添加至料漿,使整個混合物立即被噴霧乾燥。形成之MCC/水膠體加上附加之水膠體之乾燥混合物隨後可被包裝並貯存,且在本文所述之可食的食品之製造期間以單一份量被添加。於另一具體例中,水膠體之額外用量可在製造時,於一附加步驟中被添加,其用量為適於正在製造之特殊產品。於任一情況中,附加之水膠體以一足以降低最終產品之漿液分離之用量予以使用。
[0013]當製造具有低-pH相及蛋白質相二者之可食的產品或飲料時,本文所述之MCC/水膠體可被添加至低-pH相或蛋白質相中,且附加量之水膠體亦可被添加至低-pH相或蛋白質相中。藉僅添加初始MCC/水膠體穩定劑及附加量水膠體二者至低-pH相可能會造成穩定性增加。
[0014]選擇性地,亦可藉製造單相之可食的產品或飲料達成理想的穩定性。於此一單相製法中,MCC/水膠體及選擇性之附加量之水膠體可予以分散於水中。其他成分,包括但不限於蛋白質、果汁、酸性劑、緩衝劑、甜味劑、pH修飾劑、消泡劑及鹽類隨後可被添加至單相中之MCC/水膠體摻合物。任何其他成分之添加順序應加以選擇,確保蛋白質在可食的產品或飲料之裝配期間及之後受到保護。
[0015]其他成分可被添加至本發明之可食的組成物中。此種理想之其他成分包括但不限於pH修飾劑,諸如酸性劑(包括檸檬酸、蘋果酸、酒石酸、磷酸、乙酸及乳酸等),緩衝劑(包括碳酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽、硫酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽等),或是在製造之任何階段可被添加於果汁或蛋白質成分之類似物,甜味劑(諸如糖、玉米糖漿、果糖等),高強度甜味劑(諸如阿斯巴甜),甜味劑替代物(諸如蘇克糖(sucralose)或糖醇(諸如山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇及麥芽糖醇)。於本發明之一具體例中,糖替代物(諸如蘇克糖、阿斯巴甜或醋磺內酯鉀(acesulfame K))被用來製造一種低碳水化合物含量之最終組成物。其他可能之添加劑包括香料、著色劑、乳化劑、保存劑、填料(諸如麥芽糊精)、醇組成物、濃縮物及營養性添加劑(諸如鈣,亦即,蘋果酸鈣或其他礦物質、維生素、草本補充品等)。選擇性之加工助劑(諸如消泡劑)亦可被用於此等應用中。
[0016]本發明之組成物較佳為低-pH液體,其中形成之pH大於約2.5且低於約7.0。於一具體例中,組成物之pH為介於約2.8及約6.5之間。於另一具體例中,組成物之pH為介於約3.0及約6.0之間。本發明之pH亦可低於約5.5。本發明之組成物本質上可為酒精性或非酒精性的。
[0017]完成之飲料組成物可藉以各種方式之熱處理予以加工。此等方法包括(但不限於)滅菌、超滅菌、高溫短時滅菌(“HTST”)及超高溫滅菌(“UHT”)。此等飲料組成物亦可經乾餾滅菌處理,不論是藉旋轉式乾餾釜或靜式乾餾釜處理。某些組成物,諸如添加果汁或天然或人工香料之不含酒精的飲料亦可進行冷加工。許多此等製法亦可組合均質或其他剪切方法。亦有共-乾燥組成物,其可以乾混形式被製備,然後視需要可方便地予以重組供食用。形成之飲料組成物可予以冷凍及貯存達商業上可接受之時間期。於另一替代做法中,形成之飲料可貯存在室溫,前提是彼等係在無菌環境下被充填者。
[0018]本發明之可食的組成物為理想的,因為彼等提供增進之貯存穩定性,因此有較大之商業吸引力。根據本發明之穩定組成物為那些具有可接受之貯存穩定性者。反言之,貯存穩定性意指至少一個或多個下列產品特徵超過產品期望貯存期:於液體系統中,最小或無沉降分離、最小或無漿液分離、最小或無凝乳化、最小或無斑駁、沒有波紋、沒有局部凝膠或成膠;於固體、半固體、凝膠泡沫體或薄膜系統中,最小或無漿液分離、脫氣或絮凝;及另外就冷凍系統而言,減少或避免冰晶之大小或數目之成長。當被用於前述說明中,最小沉降分離意指所存在之任何沉降分離係以鬆散之沉降分離物形式存在,其可容易地被搖晃而回到系統中。當被用於前述說明中,最小漿液分離意指當液體系統於250毫升之燒瓶中被觀察時有低於5毫米之漿液存在。
[0019]本發明進一步描述於下列實施例中。實施例係供說明之目的且非用以限制本發明之範疇。
[0020]於一5加侖之Hobart混合機中,將1,391.7克之微晶纖維素(MCC)溼餅與432.7克之AMD 783果膠混合,以獲得MCC對AMD 783果膠固體比例60/40重量份。添加100克之30%溶液之CaCl2
並混合數分鐘。使混合物通過一共旋轉之雙螺旋擠壓機中數次,以剪切混合物並粉碎微晶團塊。形成之擠壓物之黏稠度並非濕滑的,藉此使其可處於一種高加工型態,這有助於膠體微晶纖維素顆粒之形成。
[0021]將288.66克之MCC/AMD783果膠擠壓物分散於2,711.34克之蒸餾水中。添加2.35克之碳酸鉀至料漿中供pH調整。將形成之料漿通過一在2,500 psi(2,000 psi,500 psi)下之曼頓高林(Manton Gaulin)牌均質機中並噴霧乾燥以形成一種粉末。噴霧乾燥之進行如下:將均質之料漿饋入一3呎(0.9144公尺)之玻彎(Bowen)噴霧乾燥機中,利用噴嘴微粉化0.1吋(0.00254公尺)開口。藉可變式饋料Moyno幫浦以以可提供期望之出口溫度之速度將料漿饋入乾燥機中。噴霧乾燥機之操作的入口/出口空氣溫度為約225℃/125℃。噴霧乾燥條件視饋料特性(諸如黏度)及形成之乾燥之產品特性及後續之產量予以調整。
[0022]獲得一具有極細膠體顆粒大小分佈之水可分散之膠體MCC粉末。藉雷射光繞射之顆粒大小分析顯示粉末具有5.6微米之中間顆粒大小。當被分散於去離子水中時,其之2.6%分散液具有1,250 cps之初始布魯克菲爾德黏度且當在24小時重新試驗時具有2,050 cps黏度,顯示有效的交互作用,亦即在介於MCC及AMD 783果膠之間有良好之凝膠網絡。
[0023]於一5加侖之Hobart混合機中,將695.8克之微晶纖維素(MCC)溼餅與324.6克之AMD 783果膠混合以獲得MCC對AMD 783果膠固體比例50/50重量份。添加60克之30%溶液之CaCl2
並混合數分鐘。使混合物通過一共旋轉之雙螺旋擠壓機中數次以剪切混合物並粉碎微晶團塊。形成之擠壓物之黏稠度並非濕滑的,藉此使其可處於一種高加工型態,這有助於膠體微晶纖維素顆粒之形成。
[0024]將270.10克之MCC/AMD783果膠擠壓物分散於2,729.90克之蒸餾水中。添加3.15克之碳酸鉀至料漿中供pH調整。將形成之料漿通過一在2500 psi下之曼頓高林牌均質機中並噴霧乾燥以形成一種粉末。噴霧乾燥之進行如下:將均質之料漿饋入一3呎(0.9144公尺)之玻彎噴霧乾燥機中,利用噴嘴微粉化0.1吋(0.00254公尺)開口。藉可變式饋料Moyno幫浦以以可提供期望之出口溫度之速度將料漿饋入乾燥機中。噴霧乾燥機之操作的入口/出口空氣溫度為約225℃/125℃。噴霧乾燥條件視饋料特性(諸如黏度)及形成之乾燥之產品特性及後續之產量予以調整。
[0025]獲得一具有極細膠體顆粒大小分佈之水可分散之膠體MCC粉末。藉雷射光繞射之顆粒大小分析顯示粉末具有5.1微米之中間顆粒大小。當被分散於去離子水中時,其之2.6%分散液具有1,375 cps之初始布魯克菲爾德黏度且當在24小時重新試驗時具有2,350 cps黏度,顯示有效的交互作用,亦即在介於MCC及AMD 783果膠之間有良好之凝膠網絡。
[0026]於一5加侖之Hobart混合機中,將550.9克之微晶纖維素(MCC)溼餅與385.5克之AMD 783果膠混合以獲得MCC對AMD 783果膠固體比例40/60重量份。添加80克之30%溶液之CaCl2
並混合數分鐘。使混合物通過一共旋轉之雙螺旋擠壓機中數次以剪切混合物並粉碎微晶團塊。形成之擠壓物之黏稠度並非濕滑的,藉此使其可處於一種高加工型態,這有助於膠體微晶纖維素顆粒之形成。
[0027]將254.10克之MCC/AMD 783果膠擠壓物分散於2,745.90克之蒸餾水中。添加3.50克之碳酸鉀至料漿中供pH調整。將形成之料漿通過一在2500 psi下之曼頓高林牌均質機中並噴霧乾燥以形成一種粉末。噴霧乾燥之進行如下:將均質之料漿饋入一3呎(0.9144公尺)之玻彎噴霧乾燥機中,利用噴嘴微粉化0.1吋(0.00254公尺)開口。藉可變式饋料Moyno幫浦以以可提供期望之出口溫度之速度將料漿饋入乾燥機中。噴霧乾燥機之操作的入口/出口空氣溫度為約225℃/125℃。噴霧乾燥條件視饋料特性(諸如黏度)及形成之乾燥之產品特性及後續之產量予以調整。
[0028]獲得一具有極細膠體顆粒大小分佈之水可分散之膠體MCC粉末。藉雷射光繞射之顆粒大小分析顯示粉末具有4.7微米之中間顆粒大小。當被分散於去離子水中時,其之2.6%分散液具有1,725 cps之初始布魯克菲爾德黏度且當在24小時重新試驗時具有3,550 cps黏度,顯示有效的交互作用,亦即在介於MCC及AMD 783果膠之間有良好之凝膠網絡。
[0029]將MCC/果膠之40:60組成物分散於柳橙濃縮汁及160℉水中並混合5分鐘。然後添加附加之果膠並混合直到水合,或約5分鐘。然後添加檸檬酸。分別地,乾摻合無脂乳粉及糖,然後添加至柳橙汁混合物中並混合約10分鐘,整個過程維持在160℉之溫度。其次,添加脫脂奶並將所有成分混合5分鐘。於一組實驗中,不添加消泡劑。於第二組實驗中,添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2 %之Hi-Mar S-030-FG)作為加工助劑以降低泡沫產生。將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以2500 psi分2階段(2000 psi,500 psi)均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並予以充填。範圍由0.5-0.75%之MCC/果膠及範圍由0.15-0.25%之附加HM果膠用量,與形成組成物如下:
[0030]將樣品冷凍並在24小時、1、2及4週間隔評估黏度、pH及穩定性。
[0031]觀察顯示在無消泡加工助劑下,樣品存在有漿液相分離。然而,藉搖晃樣品可使相再混合,其隨後變成穩定。在有消泡加工助劑下之樣品最初是穩定的且在整個預期之保存期保持穩定。
[0032]飲料樣品之pH為由4.1至4.2,黏度範圍由12.5至38.5 cP,及對具0.625% MCC/HM果膠+0.25%果膠及對0.75% MCC/HM果膠+0.15%-0.25%果膠之樣品而言,穩定性為理想的或接近理想的。黏度係利用一種布魯克菲爾德LVT黏度計,以適當轉子(通常為轉子#1),在適當rpms(通常是60 rpms)及在約10至12次旋轉下所測量而得。0.5% MCC/HM果膠+果膠之樣品在250毫升瓶中具有10-19毫米漿液分離。
[0033]將MCC/果膠之40:60組成物分散於柳橙濃縮汁及160℉水中並混合5分鐘。然後添加附加之果膠並混合直到水合,或約5分鐘。然後添加檸檬酸。柳橙汁之溫度在整個過程維持在160℉。分別地,乾摻合無脂乾乳粉及糖,然後添加至在160℉溫度下之脫脂乳,混合約15分鐘且整個過程維持在約160℉之溫度。然後添加乳混合物至柳橙汁混合物中,若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以2500 psi(2000 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。以較大量之乾乳粉重覆實驗,以實現每8盎斯份量6克之蛋白質。範圍由0.4至0.75%之MCC/果膠之用量及範圍由0.25至0.45%之附加HM果膠用量,與整個組成物如下(0.45%、0.75%及1%使用量之單獨果膠被包含於評估中作為比較):
[0034]將樣品冷凍並在24小時、1、2及4週間隔評估黏度、pH及穩定性。
[0035]觀察顯示範圍由0.4至0.75%MCC/HM果膠+0.25至0.45%附加HM果膠之調配物在整個4週期間完全穩定且在整個樣品之保存期預期為穩定的。乳粉之分別預水合有助於最終之飲料之整體穩定性。單獨之0.45%果膠在24小時後不穩定,而單獨之0.75%果膠在2週後不穩定。兩者都具有重度沉降分離。1%果膠為穩定的但極厚稠。在較高之蛋白質量下,單獨使用果膠於傾倒時具有不理想的波紋。單一果膠,當穩度性達成時,與飲用飲料之預期感官輪廓不一致。
[0036]製備樣品通常如實施例5,但僅使用MCC/HM果膠且無任何附加果膠。此外,單獨使用0.75%、1.0%及1.5%之果膠作為比較用。
[0037]在此組實驗之穩定性結果顯示利用單獨之0.5至1.5% MCC/HM果膠且無任何附加之果膠,預期之保存期可達成可接受之穩定性。如於實施例5中,在單獨之0.75%果膠之用量下,於2週後具有重度沉降分離而在單獨之1.0%及1.5%果膠之用量下(雖然是穩定的)產生極厚稠之飲料成品,其與飲料之預期飲用品質相當不一致。
[0038]將0.60%之MCC/果膠之40:60組成物分散於160℉柳橙汁中並混合5分鐘。然後添加附加之0.10% HM果膠並混合直到水合,或約5分鐘。然後添加0.33%檸檬酸。分別地,將乾摻合有糖(11%)之1.5%之大豆蛋白分離物添至可用的之160℉水並混合約5分鐘。將此相與柳橙汁混合物合併並混合約10分鐘,整個過程維持在160℉之溫度。將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以2500 psi(2000 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。將完成之飲料冷凍並在24小時、1、2及4週間隔評估黏度、pH及穩定性。完成之飲料具有16 cps之黏度且在pH4.1下於24小時、1、2及4週之貯存之後有良好之懸浮穩定性。
[0039]將0.50%之MCC/低DE丙二醇藻酸鹽之60:40組成物分散於一半之160℉可用的水中3分鐘。於另一容器中,將磷酸二鉀先分散於剩餘之160℉可用的水中,接著添加1.5%之大豆蛋白分離物。將兩相(MCC與大豆蛋白分離物分散液)摻合在一起,接著添加糖、柳橙汁及檸檬酸。在均質前將飲料加熱至約195℉達45分鐘,然後在2000 psi及500 psi下分2階段均質。將飲料冷卻至77℉,然後加蓋,並貯存於冷凍環境(40℉)下。將完成之飲料在24小時及1、2、4及8週間隔評估黏度、pH及穩定性。完成之飲料具有16 cps之黏度且在pH4.1下於24小時及1、2、4及8週之貯存之後有良好之懸浮穩定性。
[0040]利用3.0% CaCl2
製備40:60 MCC/HM果膠樣品。
[0041]將MCC/果膠之40:60組成物分散於柳橙汁中並混合5分鐘。將混合物加熱至150-155℉並混合10-20分鐘直到分散為止。然後添加檸檬酸。將混合物冷卻至110℉。分別地,乾摻合無脂乾乳粉及糖,然後添加至脫脂乳。將脫脂乳混合物緩慢加熱至145-150℉並混合20分鐘。將兩相冷卻至110℉。然後添加乳混合物至柳橙汁混合物中,若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以3,000 psi(2,500 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。在0.75%之使用量下,完成之飲料具有4.07之pH及35 cP之黏度。飲料證實於4週後有可接受的穩定性,僅有4毫米之漿液且無沉降分離。在1.0%之使用量下,完成之飲料具有4.09之pH及73 cP之黏度。飲料證實於4週後有可接受的穩定性,僅有3毫米之漿液且無沉降分離。
[0042]利用3.0% CaCl2
製備50:50 MCC/HM果膠樣品。
[0043]將MCC/果膠之50:50組成物分散於柳橙濃縮汁中並混合5分鐘。將混合物加熱至150-155℉並混合10-20分鐘直到分散為止。然後添加檸檬酸。將混合物冷卻至110℉。分別地,乾摻合無脂乾乳粉及糖,然後添加至脫脂乳中。將脫脂乳混合物緩慢加熱至145-150℉並混合20分鐘。將兩相冷卻至110℉。然後添加乳混合物至柳橙汁混合物中,若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以3,000 psi(2,500 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。在1.0%之使用量下,完成之飲料具有4.14之pH及70 cP之黏度。飲料證實於8週後有可接受的穩定性,僅有4毫米之漿液且無沉降分離。
[0044]利用0.4%之60:40 MCC/HM果膠與0.35%之附加HM果膠製備樣品。
[0045]將MCC/果膠之60:40組成物分散於柳橙濃縮汁及150-155℉水中並混合10分鐘。然後添加附加之果膠並混合直到水合或約5分鐘。然後添加檸檬酸。在整個過程中柳橙汁混合物之溫度維持在145-155℉。將產物冷卻至80-90℉。分別地,乾摻合無脂乾乳粉及糖,然後添加至脫脂乳中。將混合物加熱至145-150℉並混合約20分鐘,同時在整個過程維持約145-150℉之溫度。將混合物亦冷卻至80-90℉。然後添加乳混合物至柳橙汁混合物中,若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2 %之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以2500 psi(2000 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。產物具有4.1之pH及38 cP之黏度且穩定達8週,無漿液分離或沉降分離。
[0046]利用0.4%之60:40 MCC/HM果膠與0.35%之附加HM果膠製備樣品。
[0047]將MCC/果膠之60:40組成物分散於柳橙濃縮汁及150-155℉水中並混合10分鐘。然後添加附加之果膠並混合直到水合或約10分鐘。然後添加檸檬酸。在整個過程中柳橙汁混合物之溫度維持在145-155℉。將混合物冷卻至120-130℉。分別地,乾摻合無脂乾乳粉及糖,然後添加至脫脂乳中。將混合物加熱至145-150℉並混合約20分鐘,同時在整個過程維持約145-150℉之溫度。將混合物亦冷卻至120-130℉。然後添加乳混合物至柳橙汁混合物中,若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以3000 pSi(2500 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。產物具有4.17之pH及47 cP之布魯克菲德黏度。完成之飲料完全穩定達8週,無漿液分離且無沉降分離。
[0048]利用0.4%之60:40 MCC/HM果膠與0.35%之附加HM果膠製備樣品。
[0049]將MCC/果膠之60:40組成物分散於柳橙濃縮汁及水中並混合5分鐘。將混合物加熱至150-155℉並混合10-20分鐘直到分散為止。然後添加附加之果膠並混合直到水合或約10分鐘。然後添加檸檬酸。將混合物冷卻至110℉。分別地,乾摻合無脂乾乳粉及糖,然後添加至脫脂乳中。將混合物緩慢加熱至145-150℉並混合20分鐘。將兩相冷卻至110℉。然後添加乳混合物至柳橙汁混合物中,若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),將形成之混合物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以3000 psi(2500 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。完成之飲料具有4.2之pH及45 cP之黏度。產物為完全穩定達4週,無漿液分離且無沉降分離。
[0050]利用0.4%之60:40 MCC/HM果膠與0.35%之附加HM果膠製備樣品。
[0051]將MCC/果膠之60:40組成物分散於145-150℉之可用的水中並混合15分鐘。然後添加附加之果膠並混合直到水合或約10分鐘。添加脫脂乳、無脂乾乳粉及糖,並將產物混合再20分鐘,同時維持溫度在145-150℉之間。將產物冷卻至100=110℉。然後依序添加柳橙濃縮汁及檸檬酸(50/50摻合物)並混合5分鐘。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。然後將產物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒並以2500 psi(2000 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。產物具有4.17之pH及37 cP之黏度且穩定達6週,無漿液分離或沉降分離。
[0052]利用0.75%之60:40 MCC/HM果膠製備樣品。
[0053]將MCC/果膠之60:40組成物分散於145-150℉之可用的水中並混合15分鐘。然後添加脫脂乳、無脂乾乳粉及糖並將產物混合再20分鐘,同時維持溫度在145-150℉之間。將產物冷卻至100-110℉。然後依序添加柳橙濃縮汁及檸檬酸(50/50摻合物)並混合5分鐘。隨後添加消泡劑(0.1-0.2%之Hi-Mar S-030-FG),若需要,可就水損失部分加以調整。然後將產物在195℉下予以滅菌15秒,冷卻至165℉並以2500 psi(2000 psi,500 psi)分2階段予以均質。最後,將混合物冷卻至70℉並充填。產物具有4.27之pH及31 cP之黏度且穩定達1週,無漿液分離或沉降分離。
Claims (31)
- 一種可食的食品產品,包含:(a)一種穩定劑,其中穩定劑包含共-擠壓之膠體微晶纖維素(MCC)/HM果膠,MCC對HM果膠之比例以重量計為介於約40:60及約60:40之間,且穩定劑構成食品產品之約0.01至約5重量%;(b)附加之HM果膠;及(c)蛋白質,及果汁、蔬菜汁之至少一者,其中該可食的食物產品為一種pH介於2.5及7之間的飲料。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,其中MCC對HM果膠之比例為介於約45:55、約50:50或約55:45之間。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,其中穩定劑構成食品產品之約0.05至約3重量%。
- 根據申請專利範圍第3項之食品產品,其中穩定劑構成食品產品之約0.11至約1.5重量%。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,其中穩定劑係由MCC及HM果膠組成。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,進一步包含一種pH修飾劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第6項之食品產品,其中pH修飾劑為一種酸性劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第6項之食品產品,其中pH修飾劑 為一種緩衝劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,其中pH為介於約2.8及約6之間。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,其中pH為介於約3.0及約5.5之間。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,進一步包含香料、甜味劑、酸性劑、顏料或其之組合物。
- 一種供製備根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品之方法,包含步驟:-分散穩定劑於含有果汁及蔬菜汁之至少一者之低-pH相中,其中該穩定劑包含共-擠壓之MCC/HM果膠,且MCC對HM果膠之比例以重量計為介於約40:60及約60:40之間;-添加附加之HM果膠至該低-pH相中;-預水合乾燥之蛋白質成分於液相中;-添加蛋白質相至低-pH相中;及-熱處理及/或均質形成之組成物。
- 一種供製備根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品之方法,包含步驟:-分散穩定劑於液相中並添加預水合之蛋白質成分,其中蛋白質成分可在穩定劑之分散之前或之後予以添加,其中該穩定劑包含共-擠壓之MCC/HM果膠,且MCC對HM果膠之比例以重量計為介於約40:60及約60:40之間; -添加附加之HM果膠至該液相中;-添加蛋白質相至含有果汁及蔬菜汁之至少一者之低-pH相中;及-熱處理及/或均質形成之組成物。
- 根據申請專利範圍第12項之方法,進一步包含在熱處理及/或均質之前添加消泡劑之步驟。
- 根據申請專利範圍第12項之方法,進一步包含步驟:-在熱處理及/或均質之後冷卻食品產品;及-充填。
- 根據申請專利範圍第12項之方法,其中該附加之HM果膠係以可有效降低漿液分離之量添加。
- 根據申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中該附加之HM果膠係以可有效降低漿液分離之量添加。
- 根據申請專利範圍第16項之方法,其中穩定劑及附加之HM果膠被添加至低-pH相。
- 一種飲用之蛋白質飲料組成物,其包含一種食品蛋白質,0.01%至5.0%之由共-擠壓膠體MCC/HM果膠、附加之HM果膠、及果汁、蔬菜汁之至少一者組成之穩定劑,其中:MCC對HM果膠之比例以重量計為介於約40:60及約60:40之間,該穩定劑在整個組成物之期望保存期提供貯存穩定性,及組成物之pH為介於約2.5及約4.5之間。
- 根據申請專利範圍第19項之組成物,其中穩定劑之用 量為約0.05%至3.0%。
- 根據申請專利範圍第20項之組成物,其中穩定劑之用量為約0.1%至約1.5%。
- 根據申請專利範圍第19項之組成物,進一步包含一種pH修飾劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第22項之組成物,其中pH修飾劑為一種酸性劑或緩衝劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第22項之組成物,其中緩衝劑為一種檸檬酸鹽、磷酸鹽或碳酸鹽。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之可食的食品產品,其中該蛋白質為液體食品蛋白質、一液體食品蛋白質濃縮物、一種食品蛋白質分離物、一種乾燥食品蛋白質或其之組合物,且該穩定劑在整個組成物之期望保存期提供貯存穩定性。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,進一步包含一種防滑動劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品,其中防滑動劑為一種無機鹽。
- 一種供製備根據申請專利範圍第1項之食品產品之方法,包含步驟:-分散穩定劑於水中,其中該穩定劑包含共-擠壓之MCC/HM果膠,MCC對HM果膠之比例以重量計為介於約40:60及約60:40之間;-添加附加之HM果膠; -添加蛋白質及果汁及蔬菜汁之至少一者、及選擇之其他額外成分至穩定劑中;及-熱處理及/或均質形成之組成物。
- 根據申請專利範圍第28項之方法,進一步包含在熱處理及/或均質之前添加消泡劑。
- 根據申請專利範圍第28項之方法,進一步包含步驟:-在熱處理及/或均質之後冷卻組成物;及-充填。
- 根據申請專利範圍第28項之方法,其中該附加之HM果膠係以有效減低漿液分離之量添加。
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2005
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- 2005-04-04 JP JP2007506372A patent/JP4690391B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-04 WO PCT/US2005/011578 patent/WO2005096832A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-04-04 US US11/098,058 patent/US20050233046A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-04 EP EP05732170A patent/EP1732396A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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2011
- 2011-04-20 US US13/090,795 patent/US20110195163A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110195163A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
| CN101720965A (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
| BRPI0509103A (pt) | 2007-08-28 |
| JP4690391B2 (ja) | 2011-06-01 |
| EP1732396A2 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
| WO2005096832A2 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
| US20050233046A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
| TW200601986A (en) | 2006-01-16 |
| JP2007531522A (ja) | 2007-11-08 |
| WO2005096832A3 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
| EP1732396A4 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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